Ind
o
n
es
ian Jou
r
n
al
o
f
E
le
ctric
a
l E
n
g
in
ee
r
ing
and
C
o
mp
u
t
er
S
c
ienc
e
V
ol
. 8
,
No.
3
,
Dec
em
be
r
20
17
, p
p
.
68
1
~
6
83
DO
I: 1
0.
11
5
91
/
i
j
ee
c
s
.v
8
.
i
3
.
pp
68
1
-
68
3
6
81
Rec
ei
v
ed
A
ug
us
t
6
, 2
01
7
;
Rev
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s
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O
c
to
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r
2
5
,
2
01
7
;
A
c
c
ep
ted
Nov
e
mb
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1
1
,
20
17
Sur
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no
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f
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e
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i
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ty
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e
n
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Ab
strac
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-
a
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ICT
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A
g
ri
c
u
l
t
u
re
p
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d
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s
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to
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e
f
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rm
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n
g
i
d
e
a
s
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e
ri
s
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g
fi
e
l
d
fo
c
u
s
e
s
o
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th
e
d
e
v
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l
o
p
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t
o
f
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g
ri
c
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l
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ra
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ra
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a
d
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a
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e
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ro
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g
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fo
rm
a
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o
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a
n
d
c
o
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m
u
n
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c
a
ti
o
n
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Th
i
s
ti
m
e
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ICT
i
s
u
s
e
d
a
s
a
ro
u
n
d
a
l
l
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e
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ts
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c
l
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d
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g
An
d
r
o
i
d
m
o
b
i
l
e
s
,
IO
T
d
e
v
i
c
e
s
,
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
ti
o
n
n
e
two
rk
i
n
g
d
e
v
i
c
e
s
,
web
s
e
rv
i
c
e
s
;
th
i
s
v
a
ri
e
ty
fro
m
o
ri
g
i
n
a
l
I
n
te
rn
e
t
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e
ra
t
e
c
h
n
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l
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g
i
e
s
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d
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n
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s
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n
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ra
d
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s
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i
s
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t
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s
to
e
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s
c
o
p
e
a
s
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e
w
ICT
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
c
o
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ti
n
u
e
to
b
e
h
a
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s
s
e
d
i
n
th
e
a
g
ri
c
u
l
tu
re
i
n
d
u
s
tri
e
s
.
I
t
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
s
th
e
c
o
n
c
e
p
t
,
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t,
d
e
s
i
g
n
,
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
n
o
v
e
l
way
s
to
u
s
e
ICTs
i
n
th
e
ru
ra
l
d
o
m
a
i
n
,
wit
h
th
e
m
a
i
n
fo
c
u
s
o
n
c
u
l
t
i
v
a
ti
o
n
.
Th
i
s
i
n
c
l
u
d
e
s
p
r
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
s
,
n
o
rm
s
,
m
e
th
o
d
s
,
a
n
d
a
p
p
a
ra
t
u
s
a
s
we
l
l
a
s
th
e
g
ro
wth
o
f
p
e
rs
o
n
a
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
i
n
s
ti
t
u
ti
o
n
a
l
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
p
o
l
i
c
y
h
o
l
d
i
s
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l
l
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e
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c
h
a
n
i
s
m
o
f
e
-
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g
ri
c
u
l
t
u
re
.
Key
w
ords
:
E
-
Ag
ri
c
u
l
tu
re
,
I
CT,
ru
ra
l
d
o
m
a
i
n
,
Kn
o
wl
e
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g
e
re
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o
s
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to
r
y
Copy
righ
t
©
2
0
1
7
I
ns
titu
t
e
o
f
Adv
a
nc
e
d
Eng
i
ne
e
ring
a
nd
Sc
ie
nc
e
.
All
righ
t
s
re
s
e
rve
d.
1.
Int
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ICT
i
nte
r
v
en
ti
o
ns
c
on
tai
n
de
v
el
op
e
d
an
d
ex
p
erie
nc
e
d
around
t
he
w
orl
d,
w
i
t
h
v
ario
us
de
gre
es
of
i
nn
o
v
at
i
on
s
,
to
he
l
p
ag
r
i
c
ul
t
uris
ts
r
ec
ov
er
th
ei
r
l
i
v
e
l
i
h
oo
ds
d
u
r
i
ng
e
nl
arg
ed
un
de
v
e
l
o
pe
d
pro
du
c
ti
v
i
t
y
a
nd
i
nc
om
es
,
an
d
l
es
s
en
i
n
g
i
n
di
f
f
i
c
ul
ti
es
.
A
f
ew
us
e
f
ul
c
ap
i
ta
l
s
f
or
k
no
w
l
e
dg
e
c
on
c
ern
i
ng
e
-
a
gric
ul
t
ure
i
n
do
the
W
orld
B
an
k
's
e
-
s
ou
r
c
eb
oo
k
ICT
i
n
ag
r
i
c
u
l
tur
e
–
be
t
w
e
en
s
m
al
l
h
ol
d
er
f
ar
m
ers
to
i
nf
orm
ati
on
,
ne
t
wor
k
s
,
an
d
i
ns
t
i
tut
i
o
ns
.
A
c
h
i
e
v
em
en
t
s
tor
i
es
o
n
i
nf
orm
ati
on
an
d
c
om
m
un
i
c
ati
o
n
m
eth
od
s
f
or
ag
r
i
c
u
l
t
ure
an
d
r
ura
l
d
ev
el
op
m
en
t
ha
v
e
r
ec
o
gn
i
z
ed
m
an
y
c
as
es
of
us
e
o
f
IC
T
i
n
f
ar
m
i
ng
.
P
ap
er
[1]
i
l
l
us
tr
ate
Cr
op
Rot
ati
on
as
a
B
ett
er
S
an
i
tar
y
P
r
ac
ti
c
e
f
or
the
S
us
ta
i
n
ab
l
e
Ma
na
ge
m
en
t
of
Li
top
e
na
eu
s
v
an
n
am
ed
Cul
ture
Inf
orm
ati
on
an
d
c
o
m
m
un
i
c
ati
on
t
ec
hn
o
l
o
g
y
(
ICT
)
c
an
pa
r
ti
c
i
pa
t
e
s
eri
ou
s
r
ol
e
i
n
f
ac
i
l
i
t
ati
ng
r
ap
i
d,
ef
f
i
c
i
en
t
,
an
d
c
os
t
-
eff
ec
ti
v
e
k
no
w
l
e
dg
e
o
r
ga
ni
z
at
i
o
n.
[2
],
[3]
De
v
e
l
o
pm
en
t
of
S
ea
w
ee
d
L
i
qu
i
d
F
erti
l
i
z
er
(
S
LF)
Cons
orti
um
f
or
the
E
nh
a
nc
em
en
t
of
A
gric
ul
tura
l
l
y
Im
p
ortant
Cr
o
p
P
l
an
ts
.
T
ho
ug
h,
ICT
r
eq
ue
s
t
i
n
E
th
i
o
pi
a
r
em
ai
ns
s
ho
r
t
i
n
e
v
a
l
ua
t
i
o
n
wi
th
s
om
e
A
f
r
i
c
an
c
ou
n
t
r
i
es
.
A
d
di
t
i
o
na
l
l
y
,
m
ob
i
l
e
ph
o
ne
s
erv
i
c
e
i
s
be
i
ng
us
ed
to
d
i
s
tr
i
bu
t
e a
gr
i
c
ul
t
ural
i
nf
orm
ati
on
to
us
ers
.
2.
Rel
ated
W
o
r
k
s
Data
b
as
e
an
d
da
ta
war
eh
o
us
i
ng
tec
h
no
l
og
i
es
c
an
be
us
ed
to
s
tore
an
d
r
ec
ov
er
a
l
arge
am
ou
nt
of
da
ta
an
d
a
l
s
o
c
an
be
f
i
x
ed
wi
th
Mo
bi
l
e
an
d
Int
ern
et
T
ec
hn
o
l
o
gi
es
to
di
s
tr
i
b
ut
e
i
nf
orm
ati
on
i
m
m
ed
i
ate
l
y
t
o
the
p
ub
l
i
c
.
G
r
o
w
t
h
i
n
ICT
s
ha
s
en
ab
l
ed
t
he
pres
erv
ati
on
of
l
arg
e
a
nd
di
v
ers
i
t
y
of
da
ta
(
d
oc
um
en
ts
,
tex
t,
i
m
ag
e,
v
o
i
c
e,
an
d
v
i
d
eo
)
d
ata
b
as
e
wi
th
i
ns
i
g
ni
f
i
c
an
t
do
w
nt
i
m
e
tha
t
c
an
be
r
a
pi
d
l
y
ex
tr
ac
te
d
b
y
m
i
l
l
i
o
ns
of
us
er
pa
r
al
l
el
.
K
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
m
i
ni
n
g
m
eth
od
i
s
be
i
ng
us
e
d t
o
ex
tr
ac
t u
s
ef
ul
k
no
w
l
ed
g
e f
r
o
m
l
arge a
nd
hu
ge
da
t
ab
as
es
.
In
ag
r
i
c
ul
t
ure,
th
e
b
en
ef
i
t
of
the
G
l
o
ba
l
P
os
i
t
i
on
i
ng
S
y
s
t
em
gi
v
es
g
eo
_f
en
c
i
n
g
,
m
ap
m
a
k
i
ng
,
and
s
ur
v
e
y
i
n
g
.
G
P
S
r
ec
e
i
v
er
dro
ps
i
n
pric
e
o
v
er
th
e
y
e
ars
,
c
r
ea
t
i
on
i
t
tr
e
nd
i
er
f
or
c
i
v
i
l
i
an
em
pl
o
y
.
W
i
th
the
us
e
of
G
P
S
,
c
i
v
i
l
i
a
ns
c
an
c
on
s
tr
uc
t
s
i
m
pl
e
y
e
t
ex
tr
em
el
y
prec
i
s
e
di
g
i
ti
z
e
d m
ap
wi
th
no
the
a
s
s
i
s
t o
f
an
ex
pe
r
t
c
arto
grap
he
r
.
G
eo
grap
hi
c
i
nf
orm
ati
on
s
y
s
tem
s
,
or
G
IS
,
are
w
i
de
l
y
us
ed
i
n
f
arm
i
ng
,
pa
r
t
i
c
ul
arl
y
i
n
ac
c
urac
y
ag
r
i
c
ul
t
ural
.
T
he
l
an
d
i
s
m
ap
pe
d
d
i
g
i
ta
l
l
y
,
an
d
r
el
ev
an
t
ge
od
et
i
c
da
ta
s
uc
h
as
l
an
ds
c
ap
e
a
nd
c
on
tou
r
ar
e
j
oi
nt
wi
th
oth
er
n
um
eric
al
d
ata
f
or
ea
s
i
er
an
a
l
y
s
i
s
of
the
ea
r
th.
G
IS
i
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4
75
2
IJE
E
CS
V
ol
.
8
,
N
o.
3
,
Dec
em
be
r
2017
:
681
–
6
83
682
wor
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r
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l
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prod
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o
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ac
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an
y
where
t
o
pl
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t
us
i
ng
pa
s
t
da
ta
a
nd
v
ari
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y
.
Us
ua
l
m
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l
k
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ng
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s
tem
s
are
c
om
pu
ter
c
on
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p
os
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on
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tware,
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ters
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Regu
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ter
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y
s
t
em
us
i
ng
c
l
ou
d
c
om
pu
ti
ng
as
m
en
ti
o
ne
d
i
n
[4,
5].
F
un
ga
l
C
el
l
u
l
as
e
f
or
E
x
tr
ac
ti
on
of
Car
r
ag
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na
n
an
d
i
ts
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e
i
n
A
n
ti
b
i
ot
i
c
s
A
m
en
de
d
F
i
l
m
P
r
ep
ara
ti
on
[
6].
A
s
y
s
tem
f
or
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
m
on
i
tori
ng
of
the
c
l
i
m
ato
l
o
gi
c
a
l
l
y
s
i
t
ua
t
i
on
of
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gric
ul
tura
l
g
r
ou
n
d
f
or
ac
c
urac
y
A
gr
i
c
ul
t
ure
u
s
i
ng
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e
ns
or
ba
s
e
d
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i
r
el
es
s
Net
w
ork
s
.
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he
ag
gro
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en
s
e
W
i
r
el
es
s
Data
L
og
g
er
i
s
a
s
el
f
-
r
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tr
i
c
ted
w
i
r
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s
un
i
t
wi
th
l
i
t
he
n
es
s
to
c
on
ne
c
t
m
an
y
s
en
s
ors
f
or
m
on
i
tori
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di
v
ers
e
ag
r
i
c
u
l
t
ural
pa
r
am
ete
r
s
o
f
c
r
op
l
a
nd
s
f
r
o
m
a
r
em
ote
m
on
i
to
r
i
ng
po
s
i
t
i
o
n.
S
en
s
or
da
ta
f
r
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m
thi
s
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i
t
i
s
s
o
m
eti
m
es
tr
an
s
m
i
tte
d
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r
el
es
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l
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to
a
r
em
ote
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on
i
tori
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l
oc
ati
o
n
f
or
prov
i
d
i
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t
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on
al
s
er
v
i
c
e
to
the
f
arm
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or
be
tte
r
c
r
op
s
up
erv
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s
i
on
.
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he
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ote
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on
i
tori
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s
tat
i
o
n
c
an
f
urt
he
r
be
l
i
n
k
ed
to
the
I
nte
r
n
et
f
or
"
an
y
t
i
m
e
an
y
where
v
i
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
”
of
s
en
s
or
i
nf
orm
ati
on
.
F
i
g
ure
1.
B
l
oc
k
di
a
gram
of
I
CT
-
ba
s
ed
A
gric
u
l
ture
s
y
s
te
m
s
3.
Co
n
clus
ion
A
gric
u
l
ture
i
s
a
d
i
v
i
s
i
on
wi
t
h
hu
g
e
p
ote
n
ti
a
l
f
or
hu
m
an
i
z
i
n
g
r
ura
l
l
i
v
i
n
g
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d
era
d
i
c
ate
s
po
v
ert
y
.
La
te
nt
on
t
hi
s
p
os
s
i
bl
e
,
the
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
ee
k
s
to
tw
i
c
e
a
gric
u
l
tur
al
m
an
uf
ac
ture
throug
h
t
he
G
T
P
p
ha
s
e
b
y
s
c
al
i
n
g
up
be
s
t
prac
ti
c
es
,
i
nc
e
nti
v
i
z
i
ng
i
nv
en
t
i
on
of
t
o
w
eri
ng
v
a
l
u
e
c
r
op
s
,
an
d
i
nc
r
ea
s
i
ng
i
r
r
i
g
a
ti
on
gro
w
t
h
a
nd
no
r
m
al
s
up
pl
y
pr
ote
c
ti
on
.
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hi
s
wi
l
l
b
e
s
up
p
orted
b
y
i
nte
r
v
en
ti
on
s
m
ea
nt
at
tr
an
s
f
or
m
i
ng
the
ag
r
i
c
u
l
tura
l
m
eth
od
.
In
the
v
ario
us
c
ou
ntri
es
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
tho
u
gh
,
ex
tr
a
pres
en
t
a
nd
orig
i
na
l
ICT
-
ba
s
ed
k
no
wl
ed
ge
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
te
m
s
ha
v
e
be
en
c
o
m
pl
ete
l
y
em
brac
ed
to
m
ak
e
an
d
broadc
as
t
ag
r
i
c
u
l
t
ural
i
nf
orm
ati
on
to
s
tak
eh
ol
de
r
s
al
on
g
the
f
ar
m
i
ng
worth s
eri
es
.
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.