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o
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Science
Vo
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12
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
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201
8
,
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Spa
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A
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.
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t
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ly
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h
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n
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f
ield
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t
o
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ield
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if
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m
c
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c
a
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sin
g
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rse
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ic
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rib
ro
m
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Br3
),
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ro
n
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m
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),
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h
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C1
),
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c
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F
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m
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a
n
d
A
l
c
o
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m
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t.
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c
o
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tam
in
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ti
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ts
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p
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se
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t
o
f
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e
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ro
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c
o
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tam
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ti
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n
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n
d
lay
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th
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o
n
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in
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ti
o
n
w
e
re
n
o
n
-
u
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if
o
r
m
ty
p
e
.
F
ro
m
th
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re
su
lt
s,
it
is
sh
o
w
n
th
a
t
lo
w
e
r
d
iele
c
tri
c
c
o
n
sta
n
t
o
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in
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ti
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il
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a
f
f
e
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t
m
o
re
o
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c
h
a
rg
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o
f
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in
s
u
lati
o
n
.
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s
a
c
o
n
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lu
si
o
n
,
it
c
a
n
b
e
se
e
n
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we
r
d
iele
c
tri
c
c
o
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sta
n
t
v
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lu
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o
f
c
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tam
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ti
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m
e
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tl
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f
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in
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ti
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ten
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h
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rg
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tam
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th
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b
ig
g
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r
th
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c
o
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tam
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t
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,
th
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m
o
re
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h
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o
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tain
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d
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th
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o
n
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in
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K
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w
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s
:
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k
f
ield
XL
P
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ca
b
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Sp
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C
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E
lectr
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Dielec
tr
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C
o
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t
Co
p
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t
©
2
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1
8
In
stit
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te o
f
A
d
v
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d
E
n
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rig
h
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re
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d
.
C
o
r
r
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uth
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r
:
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A
.
M.
J
a
m
ail
Facu
lt
y
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f
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lectr
ical
a
n
d
E
lect
r
o
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n
g
i
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ee
r
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g
,
Un
i
v
er
s
iti T
u
n
H
u
s
s
ei
n
On
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia
8
6
4
0
0
P
ar
it R
a
j
a,
B
atu
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ah
at,
J
o
h
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r
,
Ma
lay
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E
m
ail:
n
o
r
ak
m
al@
u
t
h
m
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
XL
P
E
h
a
s
b
eg
u
n
to
d
e
v
elo
p
s
in
ce
1
9
6
3
.
T
h
er
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ar
e
Un
d
er
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o
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n
d
P
o
w
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C
ab
le,
Di
s
tr
ib
u
t
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C
ab
le,
Ov
er
h
ea
d
T
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
L
i
n
e
an
d
I
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
C
ab
le
[
1
]
.
R
es
ea
r
ch
e
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
o
n
E
lectr
ic
f
ie
ld
C
alcu
latio
n
s
f
o
r
AC
an
d
DC
A
p
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
W
ater
C
o
n
t
r
o
lled
C
ab
le
T
er
m
in
a
tio
n
[
2
]
an
d
Si
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
Me
asu
r
e
m
en
t
o
f
Sp
ac
e
C
h
ar
g
e
Di
s
tr
ib
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t
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n
d
E
x
ter
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al
C
ir
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it
C
u
r
r
en
t
i
n
X
L
P
E
u
n
d
er
HVDC
at
H
ig
h
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
[
3
]
an
d
co
n
tam
i
n
atio
n
[4
-
5]
.
No
w
ad
a
y
s
,
X
L
P
E
ca
b
le
h
as
b
ee
n
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
it
h
a
s
b
etter
r
esis
ta
n
ce
th
a
n
o
th
er
ca
b
les
[6
-
8]
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
XL
P
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ca
b
le
h
as
m
ad
e
f
r
o
m
ti
m
e
to
ti
m
e
u
n
d
er
ex
ten
s
i
v
e
r
esear
ch
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
v
e
XL
P
E
ca
b
le
is
s
a
f
e
to
u
s
e.
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h
is
i
m
p
r
o
v
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m
en
t
w
ill
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
d
e
m
an
d
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
m
ar
k
et.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
XL
P
E
ca
b
le
h
as
b
ee
n
cl
ass
i
f
ied
in
to
s
e
v
er
al
u
s
e
s
u
c
h
as
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
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J
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&
C
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p
Sci
I
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N:
2502
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4752
S
p
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C
h
a
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e
a
n
d
E
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ield
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
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C
o
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ta
min
a
te
d
X
LPE
I
n
s
u
la
to
r
(
N
.
A
.
M.
Ja
ma
il
)
371
di
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
ca
b
le,
ae
r
ial
ca
b
le,
u
n
d
er
g
r
o
u
n
d
ca
b
le,
co
n
tr
o
l
ca
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lo
w
v
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ltag
e
ca
b
le
an
d
,
h
ig
h
v
o
lta
g
e
d
r
o
p
w
ir
e
[
8
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
in
ter
esti
n
g
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
X
L
P
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ca
b
le
i
s
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
co
n
d
u
cto
r
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
w
h
ic
h
i
s
9
0
˚
C
in
n
o
r
m
al
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
X
L
P
E
ca
b
le
h
a
s
a
g
o
o
d
h
ea
t
r
esis
ta
n
ce
,
m
o
is
t
u
r
e
r
esis
ta
n
ce
a
n
d
g
o
o
d
r
esis
ta
n
ce
to
ch
e
m
ical
s
a
n
d
at
m
o
s
p
h
er
e
.
XL
P
E
ca
b
le
i
s
ea
s
y
to
co
n
tr
o
l
b
ec
au
s
e
i
t
h
as
a
s
m
al
ler
o
v
er
all
d
ia
m
eter
,
li
g
h
t
er
w
ei
g
h
t,
ea
s
y
to
b
e
in
s
talled
an
d
ea
s
y
i
n
j
o
in
in
g
an
d
ter
m
in
atio
n
[
6
]
,
[
9
]
.
An
u
n
d
er
g
r
o
u
n
d
HV
ca
b
le
m
a
y
e
x
p
o
s
ed
to
v
ar
io
u
s
p
o
ll
u
ta
n
ts
ca
r
r
ied
b
y
w
ater
f
lo
w
e
it
h
er
o
n
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
o
r
in
th
e
s
o
il.
W
ater
co
n
ten
t t
h
at
w
e
s
ee
ar
e
n
o
t o
n
l
y
w
ater
,
b
u
t it
i
s
co
n
ta
m
i
n
ated
as a
r
esu
lt o
f
h
u
m
a
n
ac
tiv
itie
s
.
Du
e
to
th
e
co
n
ta
m
i
n
atio
n
,
t
h
is
is
li
k
el
y
lead
to
e
r
o
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
ca
b
le
in
clu
d
i
n
g
a
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
life
ex
p
ec
tan
c
y
a
n
d
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m
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ased
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ac
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h
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o
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i
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t
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v
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t
h
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.
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h
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lts
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r
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o
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ed
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s
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[
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.
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ased
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1
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2.
RE
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ARCH
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H
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Un
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3
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h
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ic
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ta
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t
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[
4
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,
[
1
5
-
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Fig
u
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e
1
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XL
P
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in
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Me
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3.
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u
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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ased
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m
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3
.
1
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M
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Co
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io
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T
ab
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3
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w
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d
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ase
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if
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n
ta
m
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ix
(
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n
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d
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ch
h
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s
d
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3
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s
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et
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n
tab
le
3
(
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)
,
a
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ec
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th
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t
ap
p
lies
to
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v
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y
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n
if
ican
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b
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au
s
e
B
B
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av
e
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ielec
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r
ic
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t
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n
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u
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w
h
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is
2
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5
8
.
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lik
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le
3
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g
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,
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e
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ee
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ap
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r
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ee
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ed
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n
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m
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ed
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ter
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ce
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ab
le
3
.
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ased
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d
i
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n
BBr
3
=
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8
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sB
r
3
= 9
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2
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1
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l
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l
=
3
1
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1
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2
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5
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3
N
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4
Me
an
w
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ab
le
4
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ased
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le
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.
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ased
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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2
5
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2
.
E
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5
8
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6
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ize
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iel
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ased
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ig
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n
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r
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r
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tr
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n
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t
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f
9
,
1
5
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3
1
,
5
7
an
d
8
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a
s
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ed
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r
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y
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w
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th
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ic
f
ield
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tr
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h
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f
ec
ted
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y
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h
e
s
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ted
co
n
ta
m
i
n
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n
an
d
th
e
ch
ar
g
e
w
as i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
i
n
ea
ch
co
n
ta
m
i
n
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n
.
T
ab
le
6
.
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f
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en
ce
co
n
to
u
r
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n
X
L
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in
s
u
latio
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n
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co
n
ta
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(
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i
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8
4
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2
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B
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r
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d
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t
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t
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t
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(
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n
e
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c
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1
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w
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t
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d
i
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
c
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st
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n
t
1
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l
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w
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t
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d
i
e
l
e
c
t
r
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c
c
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n
s
t
a
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t
3
1
(
e
)
F
o
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mi
c
A
c
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d
(
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w
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t
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d
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e
l
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c
t
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c
c
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a
n
t
5
7
(f)
F
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r
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e
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3
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w
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t
h
d
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e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
c
o
n
st
a
n
t
8
4
Fig
u
r
e
5
till
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
ch
a
n
g
es
i
n
elec
tr
ic
f
ie
ld
o
n
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L
P
E
in
s
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w
h
e
n
t
h
er
e
w
a
s
n
o
n
-
co
n
ta
m
i
n
atio
n
la
y
er
o
n
i
n
s
u
la
to
r
s
u
r
f
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e.
T
h
e
ch
a
n
g
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ap
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d
u
e
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e
d
i
f
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t
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iel
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ic
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n
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ta
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t
t
h
at
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f
ec
t
X
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co
n
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itio
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in
s
u
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r
.
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h
is
s
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at
io
n
w
a
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
s
m
a
ller
v
alu
e
o
f
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
ta
n
t
w
h
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e
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e
h
i
g
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er
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al
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e
o
f
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ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
ta
n
t
o
f
co
n
ta
m
i
n
atio
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itio
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h
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s
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it
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atio
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
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2502
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ased
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ize
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ize
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Fig
u
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5
.
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lectr
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ield
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ased
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ield
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ized
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ased
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Fig
u
r
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6
.
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ield
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ased
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.
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d
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o
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m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
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E
in
s
u
lat
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n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
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1
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0
–
377
376
Fig
u
r
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7
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ield
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8
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2
3
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3
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Dif
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Cha
rg
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f
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un
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Fig
u
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9
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6
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2
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1
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7
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2
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1
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2
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o
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at
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ig
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iel
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tr
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t
h
as
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ee
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r
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v
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h
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s
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al
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i
s
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er
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n
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r
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r
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s
a
d
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ta
n
t
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2
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5
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h
as
a
h
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h
ar
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m
p
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m
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w
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.
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ize
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ize.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Dif
f
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en
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ch
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o
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d
if
f
er
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t
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ize
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f
co
n
ta
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n
ati
o
n
o
f
n
o
n
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u
n
if
o
r
m
la
y
er
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
S
p
a
ce
C
h
a
r
g
e
a
n
d
E
lectric F
ield
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
n
C
o
n
ta
min
a
te
d
X
LPE
I
n
s
u
la
to
r
(
N
.
A
.
M.
Ja
ma
il
)
377
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
m
a
in
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o
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th
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s
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t
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.
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i
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ased
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ic
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ize
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ied
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s
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t
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m
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ce
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P
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w
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ize
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f
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asize
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WL
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5
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n
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u
ca
tio
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Ma
la
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ia
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F
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R
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NC
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S
[1
]
N.
Ish
ii
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Un
d
e
rg
ro
u
n
d
P
o
w
e
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Ca
b
le
,
Distrib
u
ti
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n
Ca
b
le
,
Ov
e
rh
e
a
d
T
ra
n
s
m
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L
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n
d
u
str
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Ca
b
le
a
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d
T
h
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ir
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c
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s
so
ries
”
,
n
o
.
3
2
,
2
0
0
7
.
[2
]
H.
Ka
su
g
a
,
T
.
F
u
ji
to
m
i,
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M
iy
a
k
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k
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Pr
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ter
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ti
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Die
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trics
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ICD 2
0
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6
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2
0
1
6
,
v
o
l.
1
.
[3
]
T
.
Ka
r
m
o
k
a
r
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n
d
R.
P
ietsc
h
,
“
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e
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tri
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ield
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lcu
latio
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,
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p
p
.
0
–
6
,
2
0
1
4
.
[4
]
E.
Da
ta,
H.
I
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g
re
d
ien
ts,
O.
F
.
M
a
teria
ls,
a
n
d
P
.
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ta,
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.
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p
p
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–
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2
0
0
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.
[5
]
N.
Ha
m
p
to
n
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“
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rg
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e
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h
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2
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p
1
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[6
]
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m
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to
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2
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.
[7
]
A
.
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le S
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[8
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p
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8
,
1
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9
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[9
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a
.
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0
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1
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p
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0
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0
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C.
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a
a
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I.
Do
la
n
,
“
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in
2
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t
h
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trica
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p
p
.
1
–
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1
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p
s,
“
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ro
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2
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ield
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3
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.
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1
9
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p
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4
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.
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m
e
a
n
d
G
.
P
.
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
,
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h
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h
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rid
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(EDC)
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a
teria
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fe
t
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teria
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ta S
h
e
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t,
”
p
p
.
1
–
1
1
.
[1
5
]
V
W
R,
“
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a
f
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y
d
a
ta sh
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ro
p
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a
l
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h
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l
”
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o
l
.
2
0
0
6
,
n
o
.
1
9
0
7
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
2
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
6
]
W
.
P
.
W
a
y
,
“
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a
teria
l
S
a
fe
t
y
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t
a
S
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rse
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T
rio
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c
ti
o
n
1
-
Ch
e
m
i
c
a
l
P
ro
d
u
c
t
a
n
d
Co
m
p
a
n
y
Id
e
n
ti
f
ic
a
ti
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n
S
e
c
ti
o
n
2
–
Co
m
p
o
siti
o
n
,
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
o
n
In
g
re
d
ien
ts
Ch
e
m
ica
l
N
a
m
e
:
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e
c
ti
o
n
3
-
Ha
z
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rd
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n
ti
fica
ti
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a
teria
l
S
a
f
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y
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ta S
h
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e
t
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rs
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n
ic
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rio
x
i
d
e
S
e
c
ti
o
n
”
,
p
p
.
1
–
7
,
2
0
0
0
.
[1
7
]
“
Die
lec
tri
c
Co
n
sta
n
ts
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lec
tri
c
Co
n
sta
n
ts
”
,
p
d
f
,
p
p
.
1
–
4
2
.
[1
8
]
T
e
n
a
g
a
Ca
b
les
In
d
u
stries
,
“
X
L
P
E
INSULAT
ED
C
A
BL
ES
”
,
p
p
.
1
–
43.
[1
9
]
P
.
H.
F
.
M
o
rsh
u
is,
R.
Bo
d
e
g
a
,
D.
F
a
b
ian
i
,
G
.
C.
M
o
n
tan
a
ri
,
L
.
A
.
Diss
a
d
o
,
a
n
d
J.
J.
S
m
it
,
“
Ca
lcu
lat
io
n
a
n
d
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
o
f
sp
a
c
e
c
h
a
r
g
e
in
M
V
-
siz
e
e
x
tru
d
e
d
c
a
b
les
sy
ste
m
s
u
n
d
e
r
lo
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d
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s,”
i
n
2
0
0
7
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
o
li
d
Die
lec
trics
,
ICS
D
,
2
0
0
7
,
p
p
.
5
0
2
–
5
0
5
.
[2
0
]
C.
S
e
n
d
n
e
r,
D.
Ho
rin
e
k
,
L
.
Bo
c
q
u
e
t,
a
n
d
R.
R.
Ne
tz,
“
In
terfa
c
ia
l
wa
ter
a
t
h
y
d
ro
p
h
o
b
ic
a
n
d
h
y
d
ro
p
h
il
ic
su
rf
a
c
e
s:
S
li
p
,
v
isc
o
sity
,
a
n
d
d
if
f
u
sio
n
,
”
L
a
n
g
mu
ir
,
v
o
l.
2
5
,
n
o
.
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
0
7
6
8
–
1
0
7
8
1
,
2
0
0
9
.
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