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1
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e
m
o
tio
n
[
6
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
g
o
o
d
w
eb
s
it
e
s
h
o
u
ld
in
d
u
ce
t
h
e
u
s
er
to
g
o
th
r
o
u
g
h
e
m
o
tio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as e
n
j
o
y
m
e
n
t,
p
leasu
r
e,
t
r
u
s
t,
i
n
ter
est,
o
r
co
n
ten
t
m
e
n
t b
esid
es b
ein
g
u
s
ef
u
l a
n
d
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
l
y
a
s
e
m
o
tio
n
s
ar
e
ess
en
tial
to
th
e
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
o
f
ex
p
er
ien
ce
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
w
eb
s
ite
t
h
at
c
u
lti
v
ates
e
m
o
tio
n
al
en
g
a
g
e
m
en
t
as
w
ell
a
s
elicit
s
p
o
s
itiv
e
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
,
t
h
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
w
il
l
p
er
ce
iv
e
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
h
o
w
d
esig
n
ele
m
e
n
t
s
co
n
tr
o
l
e
m
o
ti
o
n
s
o
th
at
w
e
co
u
ld
i
m
p
la
n
t
t
h
e
e
m
o
tio
n
in
to
a
w
eb
s
it
e
d
esi
g
n
.
Hig
h
er
lear
n
i
n
g
w
eb
s
i
te
p
la
y
s
a
s
i
g
n
if
ica
n
t
r
o
le
as
a
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
i
n
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
p
r
o
s
p
ec
tiv
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
,
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
tu
d
en
t
s
,
f
ac
u
ltie
s
an
d
al
u
m
n
i.
I
t
is
a
g
r
ea
t
ch
al
len
g
e
to
p
r
esen
t
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
a
h
ig
h
er
lear
n
i
n
g
in
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
(
H
L
I
s
)
w
eb
s
ite
i
n
a
w
a
y
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
ea
s
il
y
ex
p
lo
r
ed
b
y
u
s
er
s
’
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
n
th
e
w
eb
p
ag
e
d
e
s
ig
n
o
f
H
L
I
’
s
web
s
ites
,
ex
ce
p
tio
n
all
y
t
h
e
ap
p
ea
r
an
ce
o
f
th
e
w
eb
p
ag
e
is
es
s
e
n
tial
as
o
n
l
y
a
f
e
w
s
t
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
o
n
HL
I
’
s
w
e
b
s
ite
co
n
s
id
e
r
in
g
t
h
e
e
m
o
tio
n
al
n
ee
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
i
n
te
n
tio
n
o
f
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
i
s
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
n
ee
d
s
an
d
e
m
o
tio
n
o
f
u
s
er
s
w
h
ile
u
tili
zi
n
g
a
H
L
I
s
w
eb
s
ite
a
n
d
t
o
co
n
v
er
t
th
e
f
ee
lin
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
i
n
to
k
e
y
d
esi
g
n
p
ar
a
m
ete
r
s
f
o
r
Ka
n
s
ei
-
b
a
s
ed
HL
I
s
w
eb
d
esi
g
n
.
So
,
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
e
m
p
lo
y
s
Kan
s
ei
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
to
H
L
I
’
s
w
eb
s
ites
i
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
HL
I
s
w
eb
d
esi
g
n
th
a
t
ca
n
s
a
tis
f
y
th
e
u
s
er
s
’
e
m
o
tio
n
s
b
y
in
v
o
k
i
n
g
e
m
o
tio
n
a
l
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
en
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
t
an
d
ar
d
w
eb
d
esig
n
ca
n
b
e
h
el
p
f
u
l
f
o
r
d
esig
n
er
s
to
d
esig
n
HL
I
’
s
w
eb
s
ite
s
th
at
ca
n
r
esp
o
n
d
to
th
e
e
m
o
tio
n
al
n
ee
d
s
o
f
u
s
er
s
’
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iately
.
1
.
1
.
E
m
o
t
io
ns
E
m
o
tio
n
s
ar
e
r
ea
ctio
n
s
to
a
cc
o
u
n
ted
ac
t
io
n
s
an
d
ar
e
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
a
n
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
’
s
co
n
ce
r
n
s
,
d
em
a
n
d
s
o
r
g
o
al
s
a
s
w
ell
as
i
n
clu
d
e
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical,
a
f
f
ec
tiv
e,
b
eh
av
io
r
al,
a
n
d
co
g
n
i
tiv
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
[
7
]
.
An
e
m
o
tio
n
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
“
a
m
en
t
al
s
tate
o
f
r
ea
d
in
ess
th
at
ar
is
e
s
f
r
o
m
ap
p
r
aisals
o
f
ev
e
n
ts
o
r
o
f
o
n
e’
s
th
o
u
g
h
t
”
[
8
]
.
E
m
o
tio
n
i
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
h
ig
h
l
y
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
a
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
co
n
ce
p
t.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
c
lass
i
f
icatio
n
o
f
[
9
]
th
er
e
ar
e
s
i
x
b
asic
e
m
o
tio
n
s
t
h
at
ar
e
o
r
d
in
ar
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
h
u
m
a
n
c
u
lt
u
r
es
w
h
ic
h
i
n
cl
u
d
e
f
ea
r
,
d
is
g
u
s
t,
an
g
er
,
s
u
r
p
r
is
e,
h
ap
p
in
es
s
,
an
d
s
ad
n
e
s
s
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
h
ad
in
clu
d
ed
f
e
w
m
o
r
e
o
th
er
b
asic
em
o
tio
n
s
to
th
e
lis
t su
c
h
as e
m
b
ar
r
ass
m
e
n
t
,
ex
cite
m
e
n
t,
co
n
te
m
p
t,
s
h
a
m
e
,
p
r
id
e,
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
,
an
d
a
m
u
s
e
m
en
t o
n
[
1
0
].
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
[
11
]
em
o
tio
n
s
ar
e
in
d
u
ce
d
af
f
ec
ti
v
e
s
tate
s
[
12
]
,
o
r
c
o
r
e
af
f
ec
ts
ac
cr
ed
ited
to
s
ti
m
u
l
i
[
13
]
.
E
m
o
tio
n
s
ar
e
liter
all
y
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
es
th
a
t
e
m
er
g
e
to
s
ti
m
u
l
atin
g
e
v
en
t
s
i
n
a
n
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
’
s
cir
cu
m
s
tan
ce
t
h
at
ar
e
ap
p
r
aised
to
b
e
r
elate
d
to
u
s
er
s
’
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
,
g
o
als,
an
d
m
o
ti
v
atio
n
s
.
On
ce
ac
tiv
a
ted
,
em
o
tio
n
s
in
i
tiate
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
ee
l
in
g
s
s
u
c
h
as
f
ea
r
o
r
h
ap
p
in
ess
,
p
r
o
v
o
k
es
au
to
m
a
tic
ar
o
u
s
al,
s
ti
m
u
l
ate
th
e
b
o
d
y
w
it
h
s
p
o
n
tan
eo
u
s
r
ea
ctio
n
s
t
h
at
p
r
ep
ar
e
it
f
o
r
ad
j
u
s
ti
n
g
to
w
h
a
tev
er
s
it
u
atio
n
o
n
e
en
co
u
n
ter
s
,
an
d
co
n
v
e
y
t
h
e
e
m
o
tio
n
s
w
it
h
v
ar
io
u
s
in
ten
s
it
y
ex
ter
n
all
y
to
o
th
er
s
[
1
4
]
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
d
is
co
v
er
ed
an
d
s
p
ec
if
ied
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
f
ee
l
in
g
ass
o
ciate
d
w
i
th
e
m
o
t
io
n
.
Dif
f
er
en
t
au
th
o
r
s
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
e
m
o
tio
n
s
.
A
s
tu
d
y
b
y
[
15
]
id
en
tif
ied
a
n
g
er
,
g
u
ilt,
s
ad
n
es
s
,
an
d
f
ea
r
/an
x
iet
y
.
J
o
y
,
f
ea
r
,
an
g
er
,
s
ad
n
ess
,
d
i
s
g
u
s
t,
s
h
a
m
e,
a
n
d
g
u
ilt
ar
e
th
e
f
ee
li
n
g
s
s
p
ec
i
f
ied
b
y
[
16
]
.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
s
t
u
d
ies
[
17
]
an
d
[
18
]
s
i
m
p
lifie
d
th
a
t
e
m
o
tio
n
h
as
b
o
th
n
e
g
ati
v
e
a
n
d
p
o
s
iti
v
e
v
alen
ce
.
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
ar
g
u
ed
t
h
at
e
m
o
tio
n
al
r
esp
o
n
s
es
h
a
v
e
t
w
o
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
ar
o
u
s
al
an
d
v
alen
ce
.
A
r
o
u
s
al
i
n
d
icate
s
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
in
te
n
s
i
t
y
,
w
h
ile
th
e
v
ale
n
ce
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
th
e
af
f
ec
ti
v
it
y
v
ar
y
in
g
f
r
o
m
p
o
s
iti
v
e
to
n
e
g
ati
v
e
[
1
9
]
,
[2
0
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
an
e
m
o
tio
n
i
s
a
co
m
p
le
x
,
m
u
lti
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
p
s
y
c
h
o
lo
g
ical
s
t
ate
th
at
e
n
co
m
p
a
s
s
es
th
r
ee
v
ar
io
u
s
co
n
s
tit
u
en
ts
w
h
ic
h
i
n
clu
d
es
a
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
ee
lin
g
,
a
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
ar
o
u
s
a
l,
an
d
a
m
o
to
r
ex
p
r
es
s
io
n
.
P
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
ar
o
u
s
a
l
ca
u
s
e
s
p
h
y
s
ical
an
d
p
s
y
c
h
o
lo
g
ical
ch
a
n
g
e
s
to
e
m
o
tio
n
al
ev
en
ts
s
u
c
h
as
alter
atio
n
o
f
h
ea
r
tb
ea
t
an
d
b
r
ea
th
in
g
r
ates,
b
o
d
y
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
s
an
d
o
th
er
s
.
Mo
to
r
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
is
b
eh
av
io
r
al
r
esp
o
n
s
es
w
h
ich
ca
n
b
e
id
en
tif
ie
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
o
m
eo
n
e
’
s
f
ac
ial
an
d
v
o
ca
l
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
i
n
cl
u
d
i
n
g
th
eir
g
e
s
tu
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
tu
r
e.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
ee
li
n
g
s
ar
e
e
m
o
tio
n
s
th
at
a
n
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
ex
p
er
ien
ce
w
h
ic
h
th
e
y
ca
n
d
escr
ib
e
it
w
ith
u
n
iv
er
s
al
e
m
o
tio
n
w
o
r
d
s
w
h
e
n
r
es
p
o
n
d
in
g
to
an
e
m
o
tio
n
al
ev
e
n
t [
21
]
.
Stu
d
ies
[
2
2
]
,
[2
3
]
h
av
e
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ted
th
e
n
ec
ess
it
y
o
f
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
h
u
m
an
co
g
n
itio
n
a
n
d
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
.
Stu
d
y
o
f
e
m
o
tio
n
i
n
h
u
m
a
n
co
m
p
u
ter
in
ter
ac
tio
n
h
as
o
n
l
y
b
ee
n
in
it
iated
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
ec
en
t
r
esear
ch
es
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
its
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
s
[
2
4
]
.
T
er
m
“
a
f
f
ec
tiv
e
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
”
[
2
5
]
in
d
icate
s
th
e
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
e
m
o
tio
n
s
in
co
m
p
u
ter
s
y
s
te
m
s
d
esi
g
n
as
an
ef
f
o
r
t
to
en
h
an
ce
t
h
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
co
m
p
u
ter
s
to
m
ak
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
b
esid
e
ass
is
tin
g
h
u
m
a
n
s
m
o
r
e
t
h
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
[
2
5
]
.
Af
f
ec
tiv
e
co
m
p
u
tin
g
as
s
o
ciate
s
e
m
o
t
io
n
al
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
in
t
h
e
m
ac
h
in
e
s
:
t
h
e
ab
ilit
y
to
p
er
ce
iv
e
an
d
r
esp
o
n
d
in
te
lli
g
en
t
l
y
to
e
m
o
tio
n
,
t
h
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
p
r
o
p
e
r
ly
co
n
v
e
y
s
e
m
o
tio
n
s
,
an
d
t
h
e
ab
ilit
y
to
h
an
d
le
e
m
o
tio
n
s
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
e
m
o
tio
n
s
o
f
o
t
h
er
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
e
m
o
tio
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
o
n
e
s
el
f
[2
2
]
.
P
icar
d
h
as d
is
cu
s
s
ed
t
h
e
m
atter
s
r
ela
ted
to
af
f
ec
ti
n
g
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
: c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
t
h
at
r
elat
es to
,
ar
is
e
s
a
n
d
h
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
els
f
o
r
co
m
p
u
te
r
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
e
m
o
ti
o
n
s
[
2
5
]
.
Fin
d
i
n
g
[
26
]
s
u
g
g
es
ts
e
m
o
t
io
n
al
a
s
p
ec
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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11
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1
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ly
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8
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90
–
97
92
to
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esig
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ter
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lear
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ex
p
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ce
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ig
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On
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elicited
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o
u
g
h
t
h
e
v
is
u
al
d
esi
g
n
o
f
a
w
eb
s
ite.
Vis
u
al
ap
p
ea
l
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
ea
r
l
y
d
ec
is
i
o
n
to
r
ej
e
ct
o
r
m
i
s
tr
u
s
t
a
p
o
o
r
ly
d
esi
g
n
ed
w
eb
s
ite
w
h
ic
h
lack
s
o
f
e
m
o
tio
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
R
esear
ch
er
s
r
ec
en
tl
y
h
a
v
e
ar
g
u
ed
th
at
u
s
ab
ilit
y
i
s
n
o
lo
n
g
er
th
e
u
t
m
o
s
t
tar
g
et
f
o
r
d
esig
n
er
s
.
T
h
e
y
h
av
e
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
th
at
a
w
eb
s
it
e
s
h
o
u
ld
also
h
a
v
e
an
ae
s
t
h
eti
c
v
alu
e
an
d
m
u
s
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
e
m
o
tio
n
al
en
g
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
in
o
r
d
er
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
u
s
er
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
a
n
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
u
s
er
s
atis
f
ac
t
io
n
w
it
h
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
w
eb
s
ite.
Stu
d
ies
[
27
]
an
d
[
28
]
h
av
e
ar
g
u
ed
th
a
t
th
e
asp
ec
t
o
f
af
f
ec
t
an
d
em
o
tio
n
in
t
h
e
in
ter
r
o
g
a
tio
n
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
tar
g
eted
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
f
u
n
ct
io
n
al
o
u
tco
m
e
s
u
c
h
a
s
th
e
e
f
f
icac
y
an
d
u
s
er
f
r
ie
n
d
l
y
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
[
29
]
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
u
s
ab
ilit
y
liter
all
y
i
n
clu
d
es
e
v
alu
a
tio
n
i
n
t
h
e
asp
ec
ts
o
f
u
ti
l
itar
ian
an
d
h
ed
o
n
ic
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
t
io
n
b
et
w
ee
n
d
e
cisi
o
n
m
a
k
in
g
a
n
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
.
R
esear
ch
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
in
d
icate
th
at
d
esig
n
s
n
ee
d
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ce
n
ter
ed
o
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
alit
y
a
n
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
,
b
u
t
a
ls
o
s
at
is
f
ies
th
e
u
s
er
s
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
af
f
ec
ti
v
e
o
r
e
m
o
t
io
n
al
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
w
e
b
d
esig
n
f
o
r
b
etter
in
ter
ac
tio
n
as
th
e
u
s
er
s
ar
e
e
m
o
tio
n
al
b
ein
g
s
b
y
n
at
u
r
e.
E
m
o
tio
n
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
alie
n
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
in
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
as
it
p
r
o
m
p
ts
i
n
s
ti
n
cti
v
e
r
ea
ctio
n
s
to
a
p
r
o
d
u
ct,
w
eb
s
i
te,
cir
cu
m
s
ta
n
ce
o
r
in
ter
f
ac
e
an
d
as
w
el
l
as
h
av
e
a
n
ab
ilit
y
to
d
r
a
w
u
s
er
’
s
atten
tio
n
[
29
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
a
m
e
r
esear
ch
er
,
d
esi
g
n
i
n
g
s
h
o
u
ld
m
in
i
m
ize
co
m
m
o
n
e
m
o
tio
n
s
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
p
o
o
r
u
s
ab
ilit
ie
s
s
u
c
h
as
f
r
u
s
tr
atio
n
,
an
n
o
y
a
n
ce
,
an
g
er
,
an
d
co
n
f
u
s
io
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
[
3
0
]
p
o
in
ted
o
u
t
th
at
a
w
ell
-
s
y
s
te
m
at
iz
ed
w
e
b
s
ite
w
it
h
a
m
a
s
ter
l
y
,
“c
lean
lo
o
k
an
d
f
ee
l”,
w
ith
s
p
o
n
tan
eo
u
s
n
av
ig
a
tio
n
an
d
tas
k
-
o
r
ien
tated
f
u
n
ctio
n
alit
y
d
eter
m
i
n
es
t
h
e
em
o
tio
n
al
r
ea
ctio
n
s
th
at
i
n
cl
u
d
e
t
h
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
cr
ed
ib
ilit
y
,
tr
u
s
t,
s
ec
u
r
it
y
,
a
n
d
p
er
ce
iv
ed
ea
s
e
o
f
u
s
e.
Hu
is
m
an
an
d
Va
n
Ho
u
t
h
av
e
s
tated
th
a
t
w
h
e
n
e
v
er
o
n
e
en
co
u
n
ter
s
a
w
eb
s
ite
t
h
at
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
w
it
h
an
u
n
p
le
asan
t
v
is
u
al
d
esi
g
n
w
h
ic
h
elicits
t
h
e
e
m
o
tio
n
o
f
d
is
g
u
s
t
w
il
l
av
o
id
th
e
u
n
p
lea
s
an
t
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
b
y
h
itti
n
g
th
e
b
ac
k
b
u
tto
n
o
f
th
e
b
r
o
w
s
er
[
31
]
.
T
h
is
w
il
l
ev
e
n
tu
a
ll
y
ca
u
s
e
u
s
er
d
is
s
atis
f
a
ctio
n
an
d
av
o
id
a
n
ce
o
f
r
ev
i
s
it
to
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
w
eb
s
i
te.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
e
m
o
tio
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
in
clu
d
ed
in
w
eb
s
i
te
d
esig
n
t
o
en
g
a
g
e
th
e
u
s
er
e
m
o
tio
n
all
y
a
n
d
attac
h
th
e
m
t
o
th
e
w
eb
s
ite
f
o
r
a
lo
n
g
er
ti
m
e
in
o
r
d
er
to
g
a
in
u
s
er
tr
u
s
t a
n
d
s
a
tis
f
ac
t
io
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
w
eb
s
i
te.
1
.
2
.
K
a
ns
ei
E
ng
ineeri
ng
T
ec
h
no
lo
g
y
Kan
s
ei
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
w
as
p
io
n
ee
r
ed
b
y
P
r
o
f
ess
o
r
Mi
ts
u
o
Nag
a
m
ac
h
i,
th
e
P
r
esid
en
t
o
f
Hir
o
s
h
i
m
a
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
U
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
i
n
1
9
7
0
.
Kan
s
ei
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
i
s
a
te
ch
n
iq
u
e
t
h
at
s
p
ec
ialized
i
n
co
n
v
er
ti
n
g
t
h
e
f
ee
lin
g
s
an
d
e
m
o
tio
n
al
e
f
f
ec
ts
i
n
to
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ele
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
as
a
n
ab
ilit
y
to
e
v
alu
a
te
t
o
ev
al
u
ate
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
f
ee
li
n
g
s
a
n
d
ab
le
to
s
p
ec
i
f
y
t
h
eir
co
r
r
elatio
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
ac
t
u
al
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
W
h
ate
v
er
is
f
elt
ab
o
u
t
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
p
r
o
d
u
ct
is
p
r
ec
is
ely
tr
u
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
er
s
o
n
[
6
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
[
6
]
,
it
is
a
s
im
p
le
co
g
n
itiv
e
m
an
s
th
at
ca
n
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
esire
d
e
m
o
tio
n
al
r
ea
ctio
n
s
o
f
a
p
r
o
d
u
ct
o
r
s
er
v
ices.
T
h
is
to
o
l
w
as o
r
ig
i
n
ated
as a
co
n
s
u
m
er
-
o
r
ien
ted
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
a
n
e
w
p
r
o
d
u
ct.
I
t
is
a
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
t
h
at
co
n
v
er
t
s
a
co
n
s
u
m
er
’
s
f
ee
l
in
g
a
n
d
i
m
a
g
e
o
f
a
p
r
o
d
u
ct
in
to
a
d
esig
n
ele
m
e
n
t
[
3
2
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
[
8
]
,
Kan
s
ei
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
is
a
m
eth
o
d
th
a
t
w
a
s
in
v
e
n
ted
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
,
in
teg
r
ate
th
e
m
w
it
h
th
e
ex
is
ti
n
g
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
esig
n
ele
m
e
n
t
in
o
r
d
er
to
o
u
tlin
e
w
h
at
Ka
n
s
e
i
i
s
r
elate
d
to
w
h
ic
h
ele
m
e
n
t
s
o
t
h
at
t
h
e
n
e
w
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
esi
g
n
i
m
p
l
an
ts
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
e
m
o
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s
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R
ef
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e
n
ce
[
3
2
]
h
as
ca
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g
o
r
ized
Kan
s
ei
E
n
g
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r
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I
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atica
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e.
[
6
]
m
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n
tio
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ed
th
at
Ka
n
s
ei
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
is
a
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w
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Acc
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g
to
[
6
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,
s
o
m
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p
r
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p
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n
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w
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s
w
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ir
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e
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n
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
f
i
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d
b
etter
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
[
6
]
.
[
33
]
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
th
at
th
er
e
ar
e
f
o
u
r
m
ai
n
ap
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in
m
ea
s
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r
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g
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h
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m
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tio
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f
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r
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s
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g
i
n
ee
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i
n
g
,
w
h
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v
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l
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tical
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ca
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a
g
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i
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d
e
e
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atio
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L
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m
an
tic
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i
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ei
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g
i
n
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g
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tili
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t
h
e
au
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elec
tr
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s
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n
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th
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s
tec
h
n
o
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ited
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r
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g
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w
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t
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e
Kan
s
ei
c
h
ec
k
l
is
t
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
1
6
Kan
s
ei
w
o
r
d
s
ar
e
co
n
v
e
n
ien
t,
s
i
m
p
le,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al,
u
n
iq
u
e,
b
ea
u
ti
f
u
l,
ef
f
ic
ien
t,
ap
p
ea
lin
g
,
p
er
f
ec
t,
cr
ea
t
i
v
e,
m
es
s
y
,
w
aste
-
of
-
ti
m
e,
co
n
f
u
s
i
o
n
,
lo
v
el
y
,
m
o
d
er
n
,
d
i
s
ap
p
o
in
t
m
e
n
t,
an
d
u
p
-
to
-
d
ate.
S
n
ap
s
h
o
ts
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
lecte
d
u
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
w
eb
s
ite
s
w
er
e
d
is
p
la
y
ed
alo
n
g
w
i
th
th
e
U
R
L
o
f
th
e
w
eb
s
ites
in
th
e
Sectio
n
B
an
d
t
h
e
1
6
Kan
s
e
i
w
o
r
d
s
w
er
e
o
r
g
an
ized
r
i
g
h
t
b
elo
w
ea
c
h
o
f
t
h
e
w
eb
s
ite
s
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n
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p
o
in
t
L
ik
er
t
’
s
s
ca
le
as
a
Ka
n
s
ei
c
h
ec
k
lis
t.
T
h
e
s
ca
le
v
al
u
e
s
w
er
e
1
to
5
.
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
r
eq
u
es
ted
to
r
ate
th
eir
i
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
s
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
1
2
s
elec
te
d
un
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
w
eb
s
ites
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
s
ca
le.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
A
to
tal
o
f
1
2
5
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
en
ts
was
in
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
t
h
is
r
esear
c
h
o
n
u
s
er
’
s
e
m
o
tio
n
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
u
s
er
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
u
n
iv
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s
it
y
w
eb
s
ite
u
s
in
g
Ka
n
s
ei
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
s
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
w
er
e
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
in
Ma
la
y
s
ia
w
h
o
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
a
n
s
w
er
ed
th
e
q
u
es
tio
n
n
air
es.
T
h
e
y
w
er
e
7
4
f
e
m
ale
a
n
d
5
1
m
a
le.
T
h
e
m
aj
o
r
it
y
o
f
th
e
m
w
it
h
9
5
.
2
%
w
er
e
s
t
u
d
en
ts
w
h
o
ar
e
cu
r
r
en
tl
y
p
u
r
s
u
i
n
g
b
ac
h
elo
r
d
eg
r
ee
in
Ma
la
y
s
i
an
u
n
i
v
er
s
itie
s
.
T
h
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
wer
e
f
r
o
m
U
n
iv
er
s
it
y
T
ek
n
o
lo
g
i
Ma
r
a
(
UiT
M)
w
it
h
3
1
.
2
%.
2
4
.
8
%o
f
th
e
m
w
er
e
f
r
o
m
U
n
i
v
er
s
i
ti
T
en
ag
a
Nasi
o
n
al
(
UNI
T
E
N)
,
1
6
%
f
r
o
m
Un
i
v
er
s
iti
P
u
tr
a
Ma
la
y
s
ia
(
U
P
M)
an
d
Un
iv
er
s
i
ti
Ma
la
y
s
ia
Sab
a
h
(
UM
S),
8
%
f
r
o
m
Un
i
v
er
s
it
i
Utar
a
Ma
lay
s
ia
(
UUM
)
,
2
.
4
%
f
r
o
m
Un
i
v
er
s
iti
Keb
an
g
s
aa
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia
(
UKM
)
a
n
d
0
.
8
%
f
r
o
m
U
n
i
v
er
s
iti
T
ek
n
i
k
al
Ma
l
a
y
s
ia
Me
la
k
a
(
UT
eM
)
an
d
U
n
iv
er
s
iti
Ma
la
y
s
i
a
Sar
a
w
a
k
(
UNI
M
AS)
.
T
h
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
w
it
h
6
4
%
w
er
e
ag
r
ee
d
t
h
at
th
e
y
ar
e
s
k
ill
f
u
l
i
n
u
s
i
n
g
a
u
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
w
eb
s
i
tes
an
d
v
is
it
s
u
n
iv
er
s
it
y
w
eb
s
ite
t
w
o
to
th
r
ee
ti
m
e
s
a
w
ee
k
w
it
h
3
6
%.
3
9
.
5
%
o
f
th
e
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
u
s
e
t
h
e
in
ter
n
et
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
s
ea
r
ch
i
n
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
A
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
Kan
s
ei
-
b
ased
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
d
esig
n
w
as
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
r
esp
o
n
s
es
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
o
n
t
h
e
ir
im
p
r
es
s
io
n
s
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
1
2
s
elec
ted
w
eb
s
ite
s
w
i
th
t
h
e
v
i
s
ib
le
d
esig
n
s
.
T
h
e
w
eb
s
i
te
o
f
L
i
m
k
o
k
w
in
g
U
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
o
b
tain
ed
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
s
c
o
r
e
in
th
e
w
o
r
d
s
co
n
v
e
n
ien
t,
s
i
m
p
le,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al,
u
n
iq
u
e,
b
ea
u
tifu
l,
ef
f
icie
n
t,
ap
p
ea
lin
g
,
p
er
f
ec
t,
cr
ea
ti
v
e,
lo
v
e
l
y
,
m
o
d
er
n
a
n
d
u
p
-
to
-
d
ate.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
t
h
e
w
eb
s
ite
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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ased
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4.
CO
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SI
O
N
T
h
is
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ased
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ased
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ased
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la
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ter
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
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0
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97
96
Fig
u
r
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2
.
P
r
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ed
R
esear
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Me
th
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RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
F.
No
o
ri,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
in
g
a
Un
i
v
e
rsit
y
w
e
b
site
b
y
Co
n
sid
e
rin
g
Us
e
rs’
E
m
o
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Us
in
g
Ka
n
se
i
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,”
i
n
Co
g
n
it
ive
S
c
ien
c
e
(
ICCS
),
S
ixt
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
f
IE
EE
,
p
p
.
66
-
71
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
]
J.
Et
h
ier,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Bu
sin
e
ss
-
to
-
c
o
n
su
m
e
r
we
b
site
q
u
a
li
ty
a
n
d
w
e
b
s
h
o
p
p
e
rs’
e
m
o
t
io
n
:
e
x
p
lo
ri
n
g
a
re
se
a
rc
h
m
o
d
e
l
,”
ICIS
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
,
p
p
.
72
,
2
0
0
4
.
[3
]
D.
C
y
r,
e
t
a
l.
, “
Ex
p
lo
ri
n
g
h
u
m
a
n
im
a
g
e
s
in
we
b
site d
e
sig
n
:
a
m
u
lt
i
-
m
e
th
o
d
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,”
M
IS
Qu
a
rte
rly
,
p
p
.
5
3
9
-
5
6
6
,
2
0
0
9
.
[4
]
R.
D.
W
a
rd
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
h
y
sio
lo
g
ica
l
re
sp
o
n
se
s
to
w
e
ll
-
d
e
sig
n
e
d
a
n
d
p
o
o
rly
d
e
sig
n
e
d
in
terf
a
c
e
s
,”
in
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
CHI W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
Ph
y
sio
l
o
g
ica
l
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
,
2
0
0
2
.
[5
]
X
.
G
a
o
,
“
T
h
e
In
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
f
M
o
b
il
e
W
e
b
sites
Qu
a
li
ty
o
n
Co
n
su
m
e
r
S
a
ti
sf
a
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Be
h
a
v
io
r
,
”
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
S.
Da
h
a
l,
“
Ey
e
s d
o
n
’t
l
ie:
u
n
d
e
rst
a
n
d
in
g
u
se
rs’ f
irst
i
m
p
re
ss
io
n
s o
n
w
e
b
site d
e
sig
n
u
sin
g
e
y
e
trac
k
in
g
,
”
2
0
1
1
.
[7
]
S.
Bra
v
e
a
n
d
C.
Na
ss
,
“
Em
o
ti
o
n
i
n
h
u
m
a
n
-
c
o
m
p
u
ter i
n
tera
c
ti
o
n
.
Hu
m
a
n
-
Co
m
p
u
ter In
tera
c
ti
o
n
,
”
p
p
.
53
,
2
0
0
3
.
[8
]
M
.
L
.
A
n
it
a
w
a
ti
a
n
d
M
.
N.
N
.
Laila,
“
Ka
n
se
i
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
c
o
n
c
e
p
t
in
e
-
c
o
m
m
e
r
c
e
w
e
b
site
,”
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
Fi
rs
t
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ka
n
se
i
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
&
In
telli
g
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m KE
IS
,
p
p
.
1
1
7
-
1
2
4
,
2
0
0
6
.
[9
]
P.
Ek
m
a
n
,
“
Un
iv
e
rs
a
ls
a
n
d
Cu
lt
u
ra
l
Diff
e
re
n
c
e
in
F
a
c
ial
Ex
p
re
s
sio
n
s
o
f
Em
o
ti
o
n
s
,”
i
n
o
le,
J
.
(
Ed
.
),
Ne
b
r
a
sk
a
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m o
n
M
o
ti
v
a
ti
o
n
,
L
in
c
o
l
n
,
NB:
U
n
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Ne
b
ra
sk
a
P
r
e
ss
,
p
p
.
2
0
7
-
2
8
2
,
1
9
7
2
.
[1
0
]
P.
Ek
m
a
n
,
“
Ba
sic
E
m
o
ti
o
n
s
,”
i
n
T
.
Da
lg
e
ish
a
n
d
T.
P
o
w
e
r
(Ed
s
),
“
T
h
e
Ha
n
d
b
o
o
k
o
f
Co
g
n
it
io
n
a
n
d
Em
o
ti
o
n
,
”
S
u
ss
e
x
,
Jo
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s,
L
td
,
p
p
.
45
-
60
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
1
]
P.
Zh
a
n
g
,
“
T
h
e
a
ffe
c
ti
v
e
re
sp
o
n
s
e
m
o
d
e
l:
A
th
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
a
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
c
o
n
c
e
p
ts
a
n
d
t
h
e
ir
re
latio
n
sh
i
p
s
i
n
th
e
I
CT
c
o
n
tex
t
,”
M
IS
Qu
a
rte
ly
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
3
7
(1
),
p
p
.
2
4
7
-
2
7
4
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
2
]
G
.
L
.
Clo
re
a
n
d
S
.
S
c
h
n
a
ll
,
“
T
h
e
in
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
f
a
ffe
c
t
o
n
a
tt
it
u
d
e
,”
T
h
e
h
a
n
d
b
o
o
k
o
f
a
tt
it
u
d
e
s,
p
p
.
4
3
7
-
489
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
3
]
J.
A
.
Ru
ss
e
ll
,
“
Co
re
a
ffe
c
t
a
th
e
p
s
y
c
h
o
lo
c
a
l
c
o
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
,”
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
ica
l
re
v
iew
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
1
0
(1
),
p
p
.
145
, 2
0
0
3
.
[1
4
]
C.
E.
Iz
a
rd
,
“
F
o
u
r
sy
ste
m
s
f
o
r
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
c
ti
v
a
ti
o
n
:
c
o
g
n
i
ti
v
e
a
n
d
n
o
n
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
e
s
,”
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
ica
l
re
v
iew
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
0
0
(
1
),
pp.
68
,
1
9
9
3
.
[1
5
]
C.
A
.
S
m
it
h
a
n
d
R.
S
.
L
a
z
a
ru
s,
“
A
p
p
ra
isa
l
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts,
c
o
re
re
la
ti
o
n
a
l
th
e
m
e
s,
a
n
d
th
e
e
m
o
ti
o
n
s
,”
Co
g
n
i
ti
o
n
&
Emo
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
7
(3
-
4
),
pp.
233
-
2
6
9
,
1
9
9
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
d
en
tifyin
g
a
User
I
n
terf
a
ce
Web
Desig
n
S
ta
n
d
a
r
d
fo
r
Hig
h
e
r
Lea
r
n
in
g
I
n
s
ti
tu
tio
n
s
.
..
(
P
u
n
ith
a
Tu
r
u
mu
g
o
n
)
97
[1
6
]
K.
S
c
h
e
re
r,
“
P
ro
f
il
e
s
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
-
a
n
tec
e
d
e
n
t
a
p
p
ra
isa
l:
T
e
stin
g
th
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
p
re
d
ictio
n
s
a
c
ro
ss
c
u
lt
u
re
s
,”
Co
g
n
it
io
n
&
Emo
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
1
1
(
2
),
pp.
1
1
3
-
1
5
0
,
1
9
9
7
.
[1
7
]
R.
T
.
Ce
n
f
e
telli
,
“
G
e
tt
in
g
in
to
u
c
h
w
it
h
o
u
r
f
e
e
li
n
g
s to
w
a
rd
s tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,”
in
Aca
d
e
my
o
f
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
f1
-
f6
,
2
0
0
4
.
[1
8
]
I.
J.
Ro
se
m
a
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
p
p
ra
isa
l
d
e
term
in
a
n
ts
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
s:
C
o
n
stru
c
ti
n
g
a
m
o
re
a
c
c
u
ra
te
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
th
e
o
ry
,”
Co
g
n
it
io
n
&
Emo
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
0
(
3
),
pp.
2
4
1
-
2
7
8
,
1
9
9
6
.
[1
9
]
L
.
De
n
g
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
P
o
o
le,
“
A
ff
e
c
t
in
w
e
b
in
terf
a
c
e
s:
a
stu
d
y
o
f
th
e
im
p
a
c
ts
o
f
w
e
b
p
a
g
e
v
isu
a
l
c
o
m
p
l
e
x
it
y
a
n
d
o
rd
e
r
,”
M
IS
Q
u
a
rte
rly
,
p
p
.
7
1
1
-
7
3
0
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
0
]
J.
A
.
Ru
se
ll
,
“
A
c
ircu
m
p
lex
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
a
ff
e
c
t
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Per
so
n
a
li
ty
a
n
d
S
o
c
ia
l
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l/
i
ss
u
e
:
3
9
(6
),
p
p
.
1
1
6
1
-
1
1
7
8
,
1
9
8
0
.
[2
1
]
D.
G
.
Ca
ice
d
o
a
n
d
M
.
V
.
Be
u
z
e
k
o
m
,
“
Ho
w
d
o
y
o
u
f
e
e
l
?
A
n
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
e
x
isti
n
g
to
o
ls
f
o
r
th
e
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
ir
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
i
n
c
o
n
su
m
e
r
p
ro
d
u
c
ts
re
se
a
rc
h
,”
De
lf
t
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
.
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
In
d
u
strial
De
sig
n
,
2
0
0
6
.
[2
2
]
R.
W
.
P
ica
rd
,
“
Bu
il
d
in
g
HA
L
:
Co
m
p
u
ters
th
a
t
se
n
se
,
re
c
o
g
n
iz
e
,
a
n
d
re
sp
o
n
d
t
o
h
u
m
a
n
e
m
o
ti
o
n
,”
i
n
Ph
o
t
o
n
ics
W
e
st
2
0
0
1
-
El
e
c
tro
n
ic Ima
g
in
g
,
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
o
c
iety
f
o
r Op
ti
c
s
a
n
d
P
h
o
t
o
n
ics
,
p
p
.
5
1
8
-
5
2
3
,
2
0
0
1
.
[2
3
]
R.
W
.
P
ica
rd
a
n
d
J.
Kle
in
,
“
Co
m
p
u
ters
th
a
t
re
c
o
g
n
ize
a
n
d
re
sp
o
n
d
t
o
u
se
r
e
m
o
ti
o
n
:
th
e
o
re
t
ica
l
a
n
d
p
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
im
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
In
ter
a
c
ti
n
g
wi
th
c
o
mp
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
4
(2
),
p
p
.
1
4
1
-
1
6
9
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
4
]
I.
L
o
p
a
to
v
sk
a
a
n
d
I.
A
ra
p
a
k
is,
“
T
h
e
o
rie
s,
m
e
th
o
d
s
a
n
d
c
u
rre
n
t
r
e
se
a
rc
h
o
n
e
m
o
ti
o
n
s
in
li
b
ra
ry
a
n
d
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
sc
ien
c
e
,
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
re
tri
e
v
a
l
a
n
d
h
u
m
a
n
-
c
o
m
p
u
ter
in
tera
c
ti
o
n
,”
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
Pr
o
c
e
ss
in
g
&
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
4
7
(
4
),
pp.
5
7
5
-
5
9
2
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
5
]
R.
W
.
P
ica
rd
,
“
A
ffe
c
ti
v
e
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,”
M
IT
p
re
ss
,
p
p
.
20
,
1
9
9
7
.
[2
6
]
D.
M
c
e
v
o
y
a
n
d
B.
R.
Co
w
a
n
,
“
T
h
e
I
m
p
o
rtan
c
e
o
f
Em
o
ti
o
n
a
l
D
e
sig
n
to
Cre
a
te
En
g
a
g
in
g
Dig
it
a
l
HCI
L
e
a
rn
in
g
Ex
p
e
rien
c
e
s
,
”
2
0
1
6
.
[2
7
]
Kim
H.
W
.
,
e
t
a
l.
, “
A
b
a
lan
c
e
d
th
in
k
in
g
-
f
e
e
li
n
g
s
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
sy
ste
m
s c
o
n
ti
n
u
a
n
c
e
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Hu
m
a
n
-
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
tu
d
ies
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
6
5
(
6
),
p
p
.
5
1
1
-
5
2
5
,
2
0
0
7
.
[2
8
]
H.
S
u
n
a
n
d
P
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
“
T
h
e
ro
le
o
f
m
o
d
e
ra
ti
n
g
f
a
c
to
r
s
in
u
se
r
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
c
c
e
p
tan
c
e
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Hu
ma
n
-
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
t
u
d
ies
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
6
4
(2
),
p
p
.
53
-
78
,
2
0
0
6
.
[2
9
]
I.
Cristes
c
u
,
“
Em
o
ti
o
n
s
i
n
h
u
m
a
n
-
c
o
m
p
u
ter
in
tera
c
ti
o
n
:
t
h
e
ro
le
o
f
n
o
n
v
e
rb
a
l
b
e
h
a
v
io
r
i
n
i
n
tera
c
ti
v
e
s
y
ste
m
s
,”
Rev
ista
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
a
Eco
n
o
mic
a
n
r
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
2
(4
6
),
pp.
1
1
0
-
1
1
6
,
2
0
0
8
.
[3
0
]
F.
S
p
i
ll
e
rs,
“
Em
o
ti
o
n
a
s
a
Co
g
n
it
iv
e
A
rti
f
a
c
t
a
n
d
th
e
De
sig
n
I
m
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
P
ro
d
u
c
ts
t
h
a
t
a
re
P
e
rc
e
iv
e
d
a
s
P
lea
su
ra
b
le
,”
Ex
p
e
rien
c
e
Dy
n
a
m
i
c
s
,
2
0
0
4
.
[3
1
]
G
.
Hu
is
m
a
n
a
n
d
M
.
V
.
Ho
u
t,
“
T
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
g
ra
p
h
ica
l
e
m
o
ti
o
n
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
in
stru
m
e
n
t
u
sin
g
c
a
ric
a
tu
re
d
e
x
p
re
ss
io
n
s:
th
e
L
EM
to
o
l
,”
i
n
Emo
ti
o
n
in
HCI
-
De
sig
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
p
e
o
p
le.
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
2
0
0
8
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
,
p
p
.
5
-
8
,
2
0
1
0
.
[3
2
]
M.
Na
g
a
m
a
c
h
i,
“
Ka
n
se
i
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
:
a
n
e
w
e
rg
o
n
o
m
ic
s
c
o
n
su
m
e
r
-
o
rien
ted
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
p
ro
d
u
c
t
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
i
n
d
u
stria
l
e
rg
o
n
o
mic
s
,
v
o
l/
iss
u
e
:
1
5
(1
),
pp.
3
-
11
,
1
9
9
5
.
[3
3
]
J.
P
it
a
k
ti
ra
th
a
m
a
n
d
P
.
A
n
a
n
tav
o
ra
n
ich
,
“
S
e
m
a
n
ti
c
Qu
e
stio
n
n
a
ire
-
T
o
o
l
f
o
r
Em
o
ti
o
n
Re
se
a
rc
h
t
h
e
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
Co
n
su
m
e
r
Be
h
a
v
io
r
a
n
d
Ka
n
se
i
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(Ca
se
S
tu
d
y
in
F
u
rn
it
u
re
De
sig
n
)
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ie
n
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
I
n
v
e
stig
a
t
io
n
s
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
1
(1
0
),
pp.
66
-
71
,
2
0
1
2
.
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