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e
nna
i
n
[16
,
17]
us
e
d
s
e
c
o
n
d
t
e
c
hni
que
t
o
r
e
c
o
n
f
i
gur
e
t
h
e
i
r
a
n
t
e
nna
’s
f
r
e
que
n
c
i
e
s
.
B
o
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
i
q
ue
s
a
r
e
c
o
m
m
o
n
l
y
us
e
d
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
ve
r
e
c
o
n
f
i
gu
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
s
o
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
a
nt
e
nna
s
us
e
d
f
i
l
t
e
r
t
o
a
l
l
o
w
o
n
l
y
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
b
a
n
d
t
o
o
pe
r
a
t
e
a
s
r
e
po
rt
e
d
i
n
[4
,
6
,
18
]
.
E
l
l
i
ps
e
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
b
a
n
d
pa
s
s
f
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
[4]
,
a
l
l
o
w
s
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nna
t
o
o
pe
r
a
t
e
i
n
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
r
a
n
g
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
3
.
5
G
H
z
t
o
5.
97
G
H
z
.
T
h
e
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
of
t
h
e
b
a
n
d
pa
s
s
f
i
l
t
e
r
p
r
o
duc
e
s
a
n
a
rr
o
w
b
a
n
d
c
e
n
t
e
r
e
d
a
t
5.
8
G
H
z
.
A
n
t
e
nna
i
n
[5]
i
s
a
b
l
e
t
o
ha
v
e
a
na
rr
o
w
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
t
o
be
pa
s
s
e
d
a
t
4
.
8
G
H
z
a
n
d
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
r
a
ngi
n
g
f
r
o
m
2.
0
G
H
z
t
o
6
.
0
G
H
z
.
T
a
pe
r
e
d
s
l
o
t
a
nt
e
nna
o
ffe
r
s
w
i
de
-
to
-
m
ul
t
i
b
a
n
d
r
e
c
o
n
f
i
gura
t
i
o
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
i
s
pr
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
i
n
[11]
.
W
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
ra
n
g
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
1
.
0
G
H
z
t
o
3
.
8
G
H
z
,
a
d
ua
l
-
b
a
n
d
a
nd
t
ri
p
l
e
-
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
s
a
r
e
a
c
hi
e
v
e
d.
T
h
e
du
a
l
-
b
a
n
d
a
n
d
t
ri
pl
e
-
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
s
a
r
e
o
pe
r
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
i
n
t
h
e
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
r
a
nge
.
A
pe
nt
a
go
n
-
s
h
a
pe
d
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
a
n
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
b
a
ndga
p
(E
B
G
)
i
s
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
i
n
[1
4]
.
T
h
e
a
nt
e
nn
a
p
r
o
v
i
de
s
dua
l
-
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
a
t
1
.
8
G
H
z
a
n
d
5.
2
G
H
z
,
a
nd
a
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
a
t
1
.
6
G
H
z
t
o
2.
3
7
G
H
z
.
A
l
l
a
n
t
e
nna
s
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
i
n
[2
,
3
,
8
-
1
5
]
ha
v
e
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
d
m
ul
t
i
o
r
n
a
rr
o
w
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
w
i
t
h
i
n
t
h
e
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
r
a
n
ge
.
If
t
h
e
m
ul
t
i
o
r
t
h
e
n
a
rr
o
w
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
i
s
o
ut
s
i
de
t
h
e
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
r
a
n
ge
,
na
rr
o
w
-
a
n
d
-
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
s
c
a
n
b
e
o
pe
r
a
t
e
d
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
a
s
s
h
ow
n
i
n
[22]
.
U
-
s
l
o
t
F
r
a
c
t
a
l
K
o
c
h
c
ur
v
e
m
i
c
r
o
s
t
r
i
p
a
n
t
e
nna
i
s
a
b
l
e
t
o
h
a
v
e
a
na
rr
o
w
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
a
r
o
und
1.
8
G
H
z
t
o
2.
0
G
H
z
a
n
d
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
r
a
n
g
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
2.
5
G
H
z
t
o
6.
8
G
H
z
,
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
.
By
h
a
v
i
n
g
f
i
v
e
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
,
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nn
a
c
a
n
p
r
o
v
i
de
4
s
t
a
t
e
s
o
f
c
o
n
f
i
gura
t
i
o
n
s
.
O
nl
y
o
n
e
of
t
h
e
m
o
pe
r
a
t
e
s
i
n
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
w
h
e
r
e
a
s
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
s
o
pe
ra
t
e
i
n
n
a
rr
o
w
-
a
nd
-
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
.
T
h
i
s
t
y
p
e
of
a
nt
e
nna
o
f
f
e
r
s
m
o
r
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
t
y
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
t
o
[2
-
16]
by
c
ove
r
i
n
g
w
i
de
r
o
pe
r
a
t
i
n
g
b
a
n
ds
.
N
o
r
m
a
l
l
y
,
a
m
o
n
o
po
l
e
a
nt
e
nna
i
s
us
e
d
t
o
o
ff
e
r
a
w
i
de
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
r
a
n
ge
.
H
ow
e
v
e
r
,
i
n
t
h
i
s
pa
pe
r,
bow
t
i
e
a
n
t
e
nna
i
s
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
t
o
pr
o
duc
e
a
w
i
de
ra
n
ge
o
f
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
.
U
n
l
i
ke
c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
b
ow
t
i
e
a
n
t
e
nna
i
n
[23
,
24]
,
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
r
a
n
ge
o
f
a
bow
t
i
e
a
n
t
e
nna
c
a
n
b
e
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
by
m
o
di
f
i
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
nt
e
nn
a
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
i
t
s
e
l
f
a
s
pr
o
po
s
e
d
i
n
[25
-
2
7]
.
F
o
r
e
xa
m
p
l
e
,
a
r
e
c
t
a
n
g
ul
a
r
b
o
x
i
s
i
n
s
e
r
t
e
d
b
e
fo
r
e
t
h
e
t
ri
a
n
g
ul
a
r
b
ow
t
i
e
-
s
h
a
pe
i
n
[
25]
.
T
h
e
b
o
x
w
i
l
l
r
e
duc
e
t
h
e
r
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
r
i
a
ngul
a
r
b
o
w
t
i
e
-
s
h
a
p
e
t
hus
m
a
ke
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nna
ha
s
a
w
i
de
r
b
a
n
dw
i
dt
h.
T
h
e
m
o
di
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nna
s
t
ruc
t
u
r
e
g
i
v
e
s
a
w
i
de
ra
n
ge
o
f
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
f
r
o
m
5.
3
G
H
z
t
o
14
.
2
G
H
z
.
In
t
h
i
s
p
a
pe
r,
a
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
r
e
c
o
n
f
i
gura
b
l
e
s
l
o
t
t
e
d
bow
t
i
e
a
n
t
e
nn
a
i
s
p
r
o
po
s
e
d.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
nna
i
s
us
i
n
g
i
de
a
l
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
t
o
s
w
i
t
c
h
t
h
e
o
pe
ra
t
i
n
g
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
ov
e
r
a
w
i
de
r
a
nge
o
f
b
a
n
ds
.
T
h
e
s
l
o
t
t
e
d
b
ow
t
i
e
a
nt
e
nna
i
s
a
b
l
e
t
o
o
pe
r
a
t
e
i
n
a
w
i
de
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
f
r
o
m
3.
2
1
G
H
z
t
o
9.
0
G
H
z
,
by
i
n
s
e
rt
i
n
g
a
s
t
r
i
pl
i
n
e
i
n
a
b
o
w
t
i
e
-
s
h
a
pe
d
de
s
i
gn.
E
xt
ra
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
s
a
r
e
a
dde
d
b
y
pr
ov
i
di
n
g
a
dua
l
-
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
t
o
t
h
e
a
nt
e
nna
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nna
i
n
[22]
.
D
u
a
l
-
b
a
nd
i
s
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
d
by
i
n
s
e
rt
i
n
g
du
a
l
-
p
a
i
r
s
o
f
s
l
o
t
t
e
d
a
rm
s
a
t
t
h
e
e
n
d
o
f
bow
t
i
e
-
s
h
a
pe
d
de
s
i
g
n.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nna
i
s
a
b
l
e
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
dua
l
-
b
a
nd
a
n
d
w
i
d
e
b
a
n
d
m
o
de
s
w
o
r
ki
ng
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
a
t
a
t
i
m
e
.
M
o
r
e
ov
e
r
,
t
h
e
pr
o
po
s
e
d
a
n
t
e
nna
c
a
n
h
a
v
e
up
t
o
f
i
v
e
di
ff
e
r
e
n
t
s
t
a
t
e
s
,
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
i
t
s
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
c
o
n
f
i
gura
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
a
nt
e
nna
i
s
s
ui
t
a
b
l
e
f
o
r
m
u
l
t
i
m
o
de
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
2.
A
N
TEN
N
A
D
ES
I
G
N
T
h
e
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
a
nt
e
nna
ge
o
m
e
t
r
y
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
gu
r
e
1(
a
)
w
i
t
h
t
hr
e
e
pa
i
r
s
o
f
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
ve
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
r
e
c
o
n
f
i
gu
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
w
h
i
l
e
t
h
e
f
a
b
r
i
c
a
t
e
d
a
nt
e
nna
i
n
s
t
a
t
e
o
n
e
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
gu
r
e
1(b
).
T
h
e
pr
o
po
s
e
d
a
n
t
e
nn
a
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
a
s
l
o
t
t
e
d
bow
t
i
e
a
n
t
e
nna
w
i
t
h
a
s
t
ri
pl
i
n
e
i
n
t
h
e
m
i
ddl
e
o
f
bow
t
i
e
-
s
h
a
pe
d
a
nd
t
w
o
pa
i
r
s
o
f
s
l
o
t
t
e
d
a
rm
s
.
t
h
e
s
t
r
i
p
l
i
n
e
i
s
c
a
l
l
e
d
a
s
a
r
e
c
t
a
ngul
a
r
b
o
x
(
Re
c
t
bo
x).
T
h
e
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
a
n
t
e
nn
a
i
s
i
m
pl
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
us
i
n
g
a
n
F
R
4
b
o
a
r
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
e
i
g
ht
,
h
o
f
1.
6
m
m
,
pe
r
m
i
t
t
i
v
i
t
y
,
ε
r
o
f
4.
3
a
n
d
t
a
n
ge
n
t
l
o
s
s
,
t
a
nδ
o
f
0.
002.
S
t
ri
pl
i
n
e
(R
e
c
t
bo
x)
w
i
dt
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dB
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[2
8]
.
S
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c
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d,
t
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s
hi
f
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30
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po
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d
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n
[29]
.
In
F
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r
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5
,
c
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s
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n
.
In
F
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r
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5
(
a
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,
c
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nt
f
o
r
1
.
7
G
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rm
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6
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5
(b
).
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[30]
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.
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5]
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8]
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.
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.
9
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–
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18
,
2
019
.
[
10]
A
.
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.
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bbe
r
,
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.
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i
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p.
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.
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11]
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.
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v
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l
.
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.
9
,
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.
2182
–
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6,
201
5.
[
12]
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.
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n
nov
.
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ng
.
I
C
R
A
I
E
2016
,
pp
.
1
–
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,
2016
.
[
13]
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.
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r
i
pa
t
h
i
,
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.
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o
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.
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ng
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ne
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ow
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.
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hno
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e
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t
.
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v
o
l
.
5
9,
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.
1800
–
180
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20
17.
[
14]
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.
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e
w
a
n
,
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.
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.
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m
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.
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l
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l
.
8,
no
.
4
,
pp.
2
557
–
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,
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[
15]
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e
l
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di
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.
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.
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nd
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.
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l
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o
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t
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r
s
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I
E
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nt
e
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as
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r
op
ag.
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n
t
.
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m
p
.
U
s
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l
.
R
ad
i
o
Sc
i
.
M
e
e
t
.
,
pp
.
285
–
286
,
201
8.
[
16]
S
.
K
e
e
r
t
hi
pr
i
y
a
,
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.
S
a
ha
,
J
.
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.
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i
d
di
q
ui
,
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nd
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.
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.
M
.
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nt
a
r
,
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u
a
l
t
una
b
l
e
m
u
l
t
i
f
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na
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l
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E
E
E
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n
t
.
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y
m
p
.
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t
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r
op
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s
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.
R
ad
i
o
Sc
i
.
M
e
e
t
.
,
pp
.
183
3
–
18
34
,
2
019
.
[
17]
C
.
B
o
r
da
-
F
o
r
t
u
ny
,
K
.
F
.
T
o
ng
,
a
nd
K
.
C
h
e
t
t
y
,
“
L
ow
-
c
o
s
t
m
e
c
ha
ni
s
m
t
o
r
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c
o
nf
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c
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t
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o
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E
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M
i
c
r
ow
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e
s
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n
t
e
nnas
P
r
opag.
,
v
o
l
.
12
,
no
.
5,
pp
.
779
–
782
,
201
8.
[
18]
W
.
X
i
e
,
J
.
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a
ng
,
W
.
W
a
ng
,
Y
.
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u,
a
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2
019
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E
M
T
T
-
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t
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r
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l
.
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y
m
p.
,
pp
. 1
–
3
,
2
019
.
[
19]
A
.
B
ha
t
t
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c
ha
r
j
e
e
a
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D
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r
i
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018
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E
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nd
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an
C
on
f
.
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n
t
e
nna
s
P
r
opa
g.
,
pp
.
1
–
4
,
2018
.
[
20]
A
.
A
.
J
a
bbe
r
a
nd
R
.
H
.
T
ha
h
e
r
,
“
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o
m
pa
c
t
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r
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-
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n
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pe
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o
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ur
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bl
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nt
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f
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ni
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v
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o
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c
a
t
i
o
ns
,
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ul
l
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
.
E
ng
.
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n
f
o
r
m
at
i
c
s
(
B
E
E
I
)
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
p
p.
212
–
220
,
202
0.
[
21]
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.
A
.
J
a
bb
e
r
a
n
d
R
.
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.
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ha
h
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r
,
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pa
c
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M
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b
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f
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ni
t
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v
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d
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o
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c
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t
i
o
ns
,
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ndone
s
.
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.
E
l
e
c
t
r
.
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ng
.
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om
pu
t
.
S
c
i
.
(
I
J
E
E
C
S)
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
267
–
275
,
2020
.
[
22]
Y
.
A
.
N
a
f
de
a
nd
R
.
P
a
nde
,
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e
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na
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r
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e
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c
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t
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o
ns
,
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r
oc
.
2
016
I
E
E
E
I
nt
.
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onf
.
W
i
r
e
l
.
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om
m
un.
Si
gn
al
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r
oc
e
s
s
.
N
e
t
w
or
k
i
ng
,
W
i
SP
N
E
T
201
6
,
pp.
93
1
–
93
5,
20
16.
[
23]
A
.
S
.
E
m
he
m
m
e
d
a
nd
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.
E
l
g
a
i
d
,
“
G
-
ba
nd
bo
w
t
i
e
di
po
l
e
a
n
t
e
n
na
,
”
200
9
3
r
d
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u
r
.
C
on
f
.
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nt
e
nna
s
P
r
opag
.
,
pp.
99
8
–
10
00,
2
00
9.
[
24]
K
.
C
.
P
a
n
,
H
.
J
i
a
ng
,
D
.
B
r
o
w
n,
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.
H
.
Z
ha
ng
,
M
.
P
a
t
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r
s
o
n,
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nd
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.
S
ub
r
a
m
a
ny
a
m
,
“
F
r
e
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nc
y
t
uni
ng
o
f
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P
W
bo
w
t
i
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a
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v
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r
o
c
.
2
011
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E
E
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at
l
.
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e
r
os
p
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
on
.
C
on
f
.
,
pp.
1
–
4,
20
11.
[
25]
A
.
A
.
E
l
de
k
,
A
.
Z
.
E
l
s
h
e
r
b
e
ni
,
a
nd
C
.
E
.
S
m
i
t
h,
“
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i
d
e
-
B
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nd
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o
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f
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nt
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w
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ng
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n
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ua
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f
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B
a
nd
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i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
an
s
.
A
n
t
e
nnas
P
r
op
ag
.
,
v
o
l
.
53
,
no
.
9,
pp.
30
67
–
3
072
,
2005
.
[
26]
Q
.
L
u,
L
.
Z
ho
u,
C
.
T
a
n
,
a
nd
G
.
L
u,
“
A
N
ov
e
l
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i
de
B
e
a
m
U
W
B
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nt
e
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D
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s
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g
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f
o
r
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hr
o
ug
h
-
t
he
-
W
a
l
l
R
a
da
r
,
”
2010
I
n
t
.
C
o
nf
.
M
i
c
r
ow
.
M
i
l
l
i
m
.
W
av
e
T
e
c
hno
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
5,
pp
.
191
2
–
1
915,
2
010
.
[
27]
S
.
R
a
s
h
i
d
,
Y
.
W
u,
a
nd
Y
.
D
i
ng
,
“
M
o
no
po
l
e
-
L
i
ke
B
o
w
t
i
e
S
l
o
t
A
nt
e
n
na
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r
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l
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r
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w
i
d
e
ba
n
d
A
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
,
”
2016
I
E
E
E
I
n
t
.
C
o
nf
.
C
om
pu
t
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
agn
.
,
p
p.
37
6
–
37
8,
20
16
.
[
28]
“
V
S
W
R
C
o
nv
e
r
s
i
o
n
T
a
bl
e
.
”
[
O
nl
i
ne
]
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
bl
e
:
ht
t
ps
:
/
/
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w
.
e
v
e
r
y
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ng
r
f
.
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o
m
/
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c
h
-
r
e
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/
v
s
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.
[
A
c
c
e
s
s
e
d:
28
-
J
a
n
-
202
0]
.
[
29]
I
.
H
.
I
dr
i
s
,
M
.
R
.
H
a
m
i
d
,
K
.
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a
m
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n
,
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nd
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.
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