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1.
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NT
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Dig
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y
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te
m
ca
n
b
e
d
i
r
ec
tl
y
m
ap
p
ed
to
a
n
e
f
f
icie
n
t
T
i
m
e
-
Mu
ltip
lex
ed
Mu
lt
ip
le
C
o
n
s
ta
n
t
m
u
ltip
licatio
n
(
TM
-
MCM)
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
co
n
s
is
t
in
g
o
f
o
n
l
y
a
d
d
er
s
,
m
u
l
tip
lex
er
s
,
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
s
h
i
f
ter
s
a
n
d
a
L
UT
.
Fit
er
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
c
h
an
g
e
eith
er
d
y
n
a
m
icall
y
o
r
p
er
io
d
icall
y
,
th
e
s
ea
r
c
h
f
o
r
co
m
m
o
n
s
u
b
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
m
u
ltip
lier
les
s
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
.
R
ef
er
e
n
ce
[
4
]
ex
p
lain
ed
th
at
t
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
ed
L
p
m
a
g
n
i
tu
d
e
er
r
o
r
d
esig
n
o
f
FI
R
f
ilter
h
as b
ee
n
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t to
a
co
n
v
e
x
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
ed
L
p
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
esp
o
n
s
e
er
r
o
r
p
r
o
b
lem
w
i
th
a
p
h
ase
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
FIR
f
i
lter
o
f
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
co
n
s
tr
ain
ed
L
p
m
ag
n
itu
d
e
er
r
o
r
p
r
o
b
lem
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
a
n
d
it
s
p
ar
am
eter
a
n
d
in
itial
co
n
d
itio
n
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
FIR
f
ilter
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
ti
m
e
d
o
m
ai
n
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
T
h
e
r
ep
etitio
n
m
e
th
o
d
is
ap
p
lied
to
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
a
x
d
esi
g
n
o
f
ev
id
en
ce
f
ilter
s
,
N
y
g
u
i
s
t
f
il
ter
s
a
n
d
s
tep
r
esp
o
n
s
e
f
i
lter
s
an
d
to
th
e
L
p
d
esig
n
o
f
p
u
l
s
e
s
h
ap
in
g
f
il
ter
s
f
o
r
u
l
tr
a
w
id
eb
an
d
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
Ge
n
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
s
u
p
er
r
eso
lu
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
w
a
v
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
[
6
]
.
I
m
ag
e
s
u
p
er
r
eso
lu
tio
n
r
ec
o
n
s
t
r
u
ctio
n
[
7
]
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
u
s
in
g
iter
ati
v
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
r
eg
u
lar
izatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
an
d
g
en
e
ti
c
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
G
Y
I
n
8
×8
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
ltip
lier
,
p
ar
tial
p
r
o
d
u
cts
ar
e
g
e
n
er
ated
u
s
i
n
g
m
u
lt
ip
lex
er
.
B
ased
o
n
m
u
ltip
lier
b
it
v
alu
e
s
,
m
u
ltip
le
x
er
is
u
s
ed
to
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
p
ar
tial
p
r
o
d
u
ct
g
en
er
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
‗
a
‘
r
ep
r
esen
ts
m
u
ltip
lica
n
d
v
al
u
e
an
d
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
‗
b
‘
is
m
u
l
tip
lier
v
alu
e.
Fo
r
ea
ch
m
u
ltip
le
x
er
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
1
0
-
b
it
p
ar
tial p
r
o
d
u
ct
v
al
u
e.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Bi
-
R
ec
o
d
er
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
Mu
ltip
lier
b
it
s
ar
e
d
i
v
id
ed
i
n
to
f
o
u
r
g
r
o
u
p
s
a
n
d
ea
ch
g
r
o
u
p
is
h
a
v
in
g
t
w
o
b
its
.
So
f
o
u
r
s
et
o
f
m
u
ltip
lex
er
is
n
ee
d
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
p
ar
tial
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
I
f
v
alu
e
o
f
‗
b
‘
is
―
0
0
‖
m
ea
n
s
,
it
p
as
s
es
s
i
m
p
l
y
0
to
th
e
p
ar
tial
p
r
o
d
u
ct
g
en
er
ato
r
else
if
it
is
―
0
1
‖
m
ea
n
s
it
s
i
m
p
l
y
p
ass
es
m
u
ltip
lica
n
d
v
al
u
e
to
th
e
p
ar
tial
p
r
o
d
u
ct
g
en
er
ato
r
else
i
f
it
is
―
1
0
‖
m
e
an
s
it
p
as
s
es
1
b
it
le
f
t
s
h
i
f
t
o
f
m
u
ltip
lica
n
d
v
al
u
e
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
1
0
b
its
else
it
i
s
―
1
1
‖
m
ea
n
s
ad
d
th
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
m
u
ltip
lica
n
d
an
d
1
b
it lef
t s
h
if
t o
f
m
u
ltip
lica
n
d
v
al
u
e.
4.
ANALY
SI
S O
F
S
I
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
o
f
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
ltip
lier
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
en
m
u
ltip
lier
r
esu
lt
i
s
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
f
i
n
al.
Firs
t
o
f
all
it
tak
e
s
o
n
e
clo
ck
c
y
cle
f
o
r
in
itializatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
esu
lt.
Her
e
in
itializat
io
n
in
p
u
t
r
eset
i
s
a
s
―
0
‖
at
th
e
ti
m
e
f
i
n
al
v
al
u
e
i
s
―
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
‖.
Fo
r
n
ex
t
c
lo
ck
c
y
cle
―
a‖
is
g
i
v
e
n
a
s
―
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
‖
an
d
―
b
‖
as ―
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
‖,
th
e
f
i
n
al
v
al
u
e
is
―
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
‖.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Mu
ltip
lexe
r
B
a
s
ed
Mu
ltip
lica
tio
n
s
F
o
r
S
ig
n
a
l P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
A
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
(
P
a
n
ka
j Ku
ma
r
S
in
h
a
)
585
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
t
A
r
ea
o
cc
u
p
an
c
y
is
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
in
s
lices
an
d
L
o
o
k
Up
T
ab
l
e.
I
n
W
allac
e
A
r
r
ay
m
u
ltip
lie
r
,
v
alu
e
o
f
s
lices
is
8
2
an
d
v
al
u
e
o
f
L
U
T
is
1
5
5
.
B
u
t
in
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
ltip
lier
v
al
u
e
o
f
s
lice
s
is
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
as
7
7
an
d
v
alu
e
o
f
L
UT
is
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
as
1
4
5
.
P
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
A
r
r
a
y
m
u
ltip
lier
is
2
.
4
7
8
W
an
d
in
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
ltip
lier
0
.
9
7
8
W
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
es
u
lts
clea
r
l
y
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
ar
ea
an
d
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
o
f
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
ltip
lier
is
le
s
s
er
th
a
n
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
A
r
r
a
y
m
u
lt
ip
lier
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
Mu
ltip
lier
an
d
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
A
r
r
a
y
M
u
ltip
lier
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
s
S
l
i
c
e
s
L
U
T
Bi
-
R
e
c
o
d
e
r
M
u
l
t
i
p
l
i
e
r
77
1
4
5
A
r
r
a
y
M
u
l
t
i
p
l
i
e
r
82
1
5
5
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Gr
ap
h
ical
r
ep
r
esen
ta
tio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
s
y
n
th
e
s
is
r
es
u
lt
s
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
ltip
lier
d
esi
g
n
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
u
ltip
lier
is
d
esi
g
n
ed
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
m
u
lt
ip
lex
er
s
.
T
h
e
m
u
lt
ip
lex
er
s
ar
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
p
le
lo
g
i
ca
l
cir
cu
its
in
t
h
e
d
ig
ital e
lectr
o
n
ics.
M
u
x
d
es
ig
n
co
n
s
u
m
es
m
a
n
y
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
lo
g
ical
g
a
tes
u
tili
za
ti
o
n
s
a
s
w
e
ll a
s
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
a
l
d
elay
.
Du
e
to
its
les
s
ar
ea
an
d
lo
w
p
o
w
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
B
i
-
R
ec
o
d
er
m
u
l
tip
lier
w
ill
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
i
n
s
o
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
Fin
ite
I
m
p
u
l
s
e
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
(
FIR)
f
ilter
,
Di
g
ital
S
ig
n
al
P
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
(
DSP)
an
d
A
r
it
h
m
etic
L
o
g
ic
U
n
it (
AL
U)
in
f
u
t
u
r
e.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Bo
,
Z.
a
n
d
X
i
u
w
e
i,
T
.
De
sig
n
o
f
a
n
o
v
e
l
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
FIR
fi
l
ter
b
a
se
d
o
n
FP
GA
.
IEE
E
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ic M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
&
In
stru
m
e
n
ts
(ICEM
I),
V
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
6
8
-
7
0
,
2
0
1
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
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m
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Sci,
Vo
l
.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
8
:
5
8
3
–
5
8
6
586
[2
]
W
a
ll
a
c
e
,
C.
S
.
A
S
u
g
g
e
stio
n
f
o
r
a
F
a
st
M
u
lt
ip
li
e
r
.
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
Co
mp
u
ter
s
.
V
o
l
.
1
3
,
No
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
4
-
1
7
,
1
9
6
4
.
[3
]
W
a
ters
,
R.
S
.
a
n
d
S
w
a
rt
z
lan
d
e
r
Jr,
E.
E.
A
re
d
u
c
e
d
c
o
m
p
lex
it
y
W
a
ll
a
c
e
m
u
lt
ip
li
e
r
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
.
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
mp
u
ter
s
,
Vo
l.
5
9
,
No
.
8
,
2
0
1
0
.
[4
]
Ja
g
a
d
e
sh
w
a
r
Ra
o
,
M
.
a
n
d
Du
b
e
y
,
S.
A
Hig
h
S
p
e
e
d
W
a
ll
a
c
e
T
re
e
M
u
lt
i
p
li
e
r
Us
i
n
g
M
o
d
if
ied
Bo
o
th
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
f
o
r
F
a
st
A
rit
h
m
e
ti
c
Circu
it
s
,
I
OS
R
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
1
,
2
0
1
2
.
[5
]
P
o
o
r
n
im
a
,
M
.
P
a
ti
l,
S
.
K.
S
h
iv
u
k
u
m
a
r,
S
.
K.
&
S
a
n
jay
,
H.
Im
p
l
e
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
m
u
lt
ip
li
e
r
u
si
n
g
Ve
d
ic
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
.
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
Exp
l
o
rin
g
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
IT
EE
)
.
V
o
l.
2
,
No
.
6
,
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
P
a
n
d
a
,
S
.
S
.
a
n
d
Je
n
a
,
G
.
,
2
0
1
6
.
Ima
g
e
S
u
p
e
r
Res
o
lu
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
W
a
v
e
let
T
ra
n
sfo
rm
a
ti
o
n
Ba
se
d
Ge
n
e
ti
c
Al
g
o
rit
h
m
.
In
Co
m
p
u
tati
o
n
a
l
I
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
in
Da
ta M
in
in
g
—
V
o
l
u
m
e
2
(p
p
.
3
5
5
-
3
6
1
).
S
p
rin
g
e
r
In
d
ia.
[7
]
P
a
n
d
a
,
S
.
S
.
,
Je
n
a
,
G
.
a
n
d
S
a
h
u
,
S
.
K.
,
2
0
1
5
.
Ima
g
e
su
p
e
r
re
so
lu
ti
o
n
re
c
o
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
it
e
ra
t
ive
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
re
g
u
la
riza
ti
o
n
me
th
o
d
a
n
d
g
e
n
e
t
ic
a
lg
o
rit
h
m.
In
Co
m
p
u
tatio
n
a
l
I
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
in
Da
ta
M
in
in
g
-
V
o
l
u
m
e
2
(p
p
.
6
7
5
-
6
8
1
).
S
p
rin
g
e
r
In
d
ia.
[8
]
Qin
,
G
.
a
n
d
W
a
n
g
,
J.,
2
0
1
6
.
Ra
n
d
o
m
S
a
m
p
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
ig
n
a
l
Bre
g
m
a
n
R
e
c
o
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
Ba
se
d
o
n
Co
m
p
re
ss
e
d
S
e
n
sin
g
.
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r S
c
ien
c
e
,
4
(2
)
,
p
p
.
3
6
5
-
3
7
2
.
[9
]
Ya
se
e
n
,
M
.
a
n
d
Us
h
a
,
P
.
,
2
0
1
5
.
T
ra
n
sf
o
r
m
e
rl
e
ss
h
ig
h
g
a
in
b
o
o
st
c
o
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
lo
w
p
o
w
e
r
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
w
it
h
f
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
c
o
n
tro
l.
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
16
(
2
),
p
p
.
2
4
4
-
2
5
5
.
[1
0
]
Ku
m
a
r,
J.V
.
a
n
d
P
a
u
l,
C.
K.C
.
,
De
sig
n
o
f
En
h
a
n
c
e
d
S
QRT
Ca
rr
y
S
e
lec
t
A
d
d
e
r
f
o
r
V
L
S
I
I
m
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
2D
-
Disc
re
te W
a
v
e
let
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
.
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