Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
9
, No
.
3
,
Ma
rch
201
8
,
pp.
616
~
618
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
, DO
I: 10
.11
591/
ijeecs
.
v9.i
3
.
pp
616
-
6
18
616
Journ
al
h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Protecti
on of Se
qu
ence
a
nd
Co
m
mu
nicati
on Tech
nology
Equ
ipment Usin
g Smart
Grid Ap
pli
ca
ti
on
Archen
aa
J
1
,
E.A.
M
ar
y An
itha
2
1
Depa
rtment of I
nform
at
ion
T
ec
h
nolog
y
,
AM
ET
Univer
sit
y
,
Che
nnai
2
Depa
rtment of I
nform
at
ion
T
ec
h
nolog
y
,
S.
A
.
En
gine
er
ing
Col
le
g
e,
Ch
ennai
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
N
ov
2
9
, 201
7
Re
vised
Feb
8
,
201
8
Accepte
d
Fe
b
23
, 201
8
Thi
s
pape
r
inv
esti
gates
the
m
erg
er
of
ene
rg
y
util
ity
ci
r
cui
ts
with
tha
t
of
the
dat
a and corre
sp
ondenc
e
innovat
ion
(ICT)
g
ea
r
u
nder
the keen
m
at
rix and
th
e
sec
urity
suggest
ions
tha
t
thi
s
postures,
and
fig
ure
s
out
what
is
the
m
ost
ext
re
m
e
voltage
tha
t
ICT
har
d
ware
,
compos
ed
as
per
IEC
62368
-
1
ca
n
spec
ifica
l
l
y
g
et
t
o
cont
rol
fra
m
e
work
ci
rc
uit
s.
T
he
coming
of
the
kee
n
la
t
tice,
the
m
oder
nization
of
the
pow
er
fra
m
ework
uti
lizing
cur
re
nt
dat
a
and
cor
re
spondenc
e
innova
ti
on
m
e
thods,
al
ongsid
e
the
exp
ansion
of
el
e
ct
ri
c
vehi
c
le
fra
m
ew
orks
to
the
m
at
rix,
guar
an
tees
to
cha
nge
th
e
business
i
n
uncomm
on
m
an
ner
s.
In
th
is
pap
er
will
be
u
ti
l
iz
e
d
as
a
p
art
of
this
pape
r
fo
r
dec
id
ing
th
e
l
ev
el
of
sec
uri
t
y
of
ICT
g
ea
r
m
ust
be
built
t
o
ke
eping
in
m
ind
the
end
go
al
to
b
e
conv
e
y
ed
in
hi
gher
-
voltage
app
li
c
at
ion
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Sm
art g
rid
P
ro
te
ct
io
n
se
quence
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ar
c
he
naa J
,
Dep
a
rtm
ent o
f Info
rm
at
ion
Te
chnolo
gy
,
AMET
Un
i
versi
ty
, Ch
en
nai,
India.
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
bri
ll
ia
nt
m
at
rix,
no
w
co
nsi
der
e
d
piece
of
the
I
nternet
of
Things
(IoT)
can
be
see
n
as
the
m
erg
er
of
the
once
in
the
past
isolat
ed
power,
m
e
dia
transm
issio
n,
data
inno
va
ti
on
,
an
d
car
bu
sine
sses.
T
hese
pr
e
viously
isolat
ed
ven
t
ur
es
each
ha
d
it
s
ow
n
m
easur
es
and
strat
e
gies
for
chip
ping
a
way
a
t
and
w
orki
ng
hard
war
e i
n
a
protect
ed way
[1
]
,
a
nd, ge
neral
ly
, th
ere
was no sect
io
n
int
o ea
ch othe
r'
s works
pace.
2.
BACKG
ROU
ND
In
a
ny
case,
now
with
the
c
om
ing
of
br
il
li
ant
fr
am
ewo
r
k
in
novatio
n,
we
ou
gh
t
to
e
xp
ect
m
ore
sect
ion
of
c
orr
esp
onde
nce
an
d
dat
a
i
nnovat
ion
hard
war
e
i
nto
th
e
w
orks
pace
of
the
po
wer
util
it
ie
s
[2]
.
W
e
ought
to
li
ke
wi
se
obser
ve
m
ore
associat
ed
ca
r
in
novatio
n
w
it
h
m
od
ule
el
ect
ric
ve
hicle
s
(
PH
E
V)
an
d
ve
hicle
-
to
-
netw
ork
(
V
2G)
f
ueling.
Additi
on
al
ly
,
the
exp
a
ns
i
on
in
su
sta
inabl
e
power
in
n
ovat
ion,
f
or
ex
a
m
ple,
photov
oltai
c
(P
V),
wind,
a
nd
batte
ry
stockpil
ing
dep
e
nd
em
ph
at
ic
al
l
y
on
data
inn
ovat
io
n
an
d
nee
d
wi
deba
nd
[3
]
,
f
ast
co
rr
es
pondence
f
or
s
ocial
occasio
n
and
t
ran
sm
issio
n
of
inf
orm
ation
.
Als
o,
the
appr
oach
of
el
ect
ric
veh
ic
le
s
has
bro
ugh
t
on
"ca
nd
y
m
achine
con
t
ro
ll
in
g"
sta
ti
on
s
sit
uated
a
t
wo
r
k
en
vir
onm
ents
and
bu
siness
fo
c
us
es
,
w
here
cl
ie
nts
interfa
ce
with
a
m
et
e
red
ve
hicle
ch
arg
i
ng
sta
ti
on
and
pay
for
po
wer
t
o
c
on
tr
ol
their
veh
ic
le
.
This
e
xh
i
bits
a
m
erg
er
of
t
he
powe
r
[
4],
inte
rch
a
nges,
data
i
nnov
at
ion
a
nd
car
business
es
int
o
oth
e
r
m
echan
ic
al
out
sk
irts.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Protect
ion
of Sequ
e
nce
and
C
omm
un
ic
ation
Tech
no
l
og
y
E
quip
m
ent
Usi
ng
Smart
Grid
…
(
Arche
naa
J
)
617
3.
THE
PROB
LE
M
This
pa
pe
r
in
ve
sti
gates
how
pr
e
viously
fr
e
e
enter
pr
ise
s,
for
exam
ple,
c
on
t
ro
l,
i
nterc
ha
ng
e
s,
data
innov
at
io
n,
a
nd
car
i
nnovat
ion
ha
ve
com
bin
e
d
as
the
"savv
y
netw
ork,
"
a
ud
it
s
e
xisti
ng
it
em
sec
ur
it
y
ben
c
hm
ark
s
for
ICT
to
decid
e
the
m
os
t
no
t
eworthy
vo
lt
a
ge
s
t
he
hard
ware
can
be
i
nten
ded
to
get
to
[
5]
-
[
6],
and
in
vestigat
e
s
w
hat
ot
her
well
bein
g
m
arv
el
s
ou
gh
t
t
o
be
c
on
si
der
e
d
for
well
bein
g
of
shrew
d
m
atr
ix
ICT
gear.
4.
PROP
OSE
D SOLUTI
ON
Vo
lt
age
s
util
iz
ed
as
a
par
t
of
the
era,
tra
nsm
issi
on
,
an
d
di
sp
ersi
on
of
el
ect
ric
power
a
re
ordi
nar
il
y
delegate
d
low
vo
lt
age
(L
V),
m
edium
vo
lt
age
(MV),
hi
gh
vo
lt
age
(
HV),
extra
high
volt
age
(E
H
V)
,
a
nd
ultra
-
high
volt
age
(
UHV).
H
V
f
ra
m
ewo
r
ks
are
ordi
nar
il
y
ut
il
ized
f
or
tra
ns
m
i
ssion
fr
am
ework
s
.
MV
f
ram
e
works
are
c
omm
on
ly
util
iz
ed
as
a
pa
rt
of
co
nv
ey
ance
f
ram
e
works.
LV
f
ra
m
ewo
r
ks
are
ordina
rily
util
iz
ed
for
associat
ing
with
hom
es
and
ind
e
pe
nd
e
nt
ve
nture
fou
nd
at
i
on
s
.
EH
V
f
ra
m
ewo
r
ks
are
ut
il
iz
ed
fo
r
lo
ng
-
rem
ov
e
tr
ansm
issi
on
s
[
7],
an
d
U
H
V
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
ks
,
t
he
m
os
t
pr
esent
da
y
transm
issi
o
n
f
ram
ewo
r
ks
are
util
iz
ed
f
or
long
-
separ
at
e,
a
ppe
al
util
iz
es,
fo
r
exam
ple,
wh
e
r
e
the
era
asset
s
are
in
one
ar
ea,
an
d
the
m
e
chan
ic
al
re
que
st
is
in
ano
t
her distric
t
of
vast n
at
io
ns
Assum
e
exp
en
ses
an
d
asset
s
wer
e
of
no
is
su
e,
a
nd
we
w
ished
to
e
vac
ua
te
ho
m
el
ess
people
on
a
powe
r
tra
ns
m
i
ssion
or
disse
m
inati
on
li
ne
ut
il
iz
ing
com
m
o
ti
on
dro
pp
i
ng
s
trat
egies.
With
this,
we
sho
uld
have
the capa
ci
ty
to play
out the
ac
com
pan
yi
ng
:
Util
iz
e
qu
ic
k
act
in
g
sens
ors
to
te
st
the
transm
issi
on
wav
e
f
or
m
,
su
ff
ic
ie
nt
ly
qu
ic
k
to
cat
ch
the
m
ark
of
t
he
tra
ns
ie
nt
or
com
m
otion
force
d
on
t
he
powe
r
tra
ns
m
i
ssion
li
ne.
C
ha
ng
e
the
te
ste
d
wav
e
f
or
m
s
fr
om
hig
h
vo
lt
age
dow
n
to
le
vels
that
wo
ul
d
be
s
at
isfact
or
y
for
us
e
by
the
in
te
rch
a
nges
and
data
innova
ti
on
fr
am
ewo
r
ks
.
Neit
her
c
orres
pondence
s
sys
tem
s
no
r
data
innov
at
io
n
fra
m
ewo
r
ks
ca
n
handle
hi
gh
vo
lt
age
s,
howe
ver
ho
pe
to
see
add
it
ion
al
lo
w
vo
lt
a
ge
sign
al
s
.
Inf
or
m
at
ion
the
change
d
low
-
volt
age
m
otion
s
on
a
corres
pondenc
e syst
e
m
t
o
be pre
par
e
d by in
f
or
m
at
ion
h
a
ndli
ng
gea
r
[8
]
-
[
10]
.
At
inf
orm
ation
pr
e
pa
rin
g,
m
ov
e
the
wa
veform
180
de
grees
from
that
te
sted
an
d
gathe
re
d.
5.
Re
store
the
18
0
de
gre
es
out
-
of
-
sta
ge
flag
t
o
the
c
orres
pondence
orga
nize.
Ch
ang
e
the
180
degrees
out
-
of
-
sta
ge
m
ot
i
on
go
dow
n
to
high
volt
age,
a
nd
ad
d
t
o
the
po
wer
tr
an
sm
issi
on
fla
g
[
11
]
.
The
outc
om
es
ough
t
t
o
be
that
the
cl
am
or
and
transie
nt
volt
ages
on
t
he
pow
er
tra
ns
m
issi
on
li
ne
are
c
ro
s
se
d
out
by
the
e
xpan
sio
n
of
the
flag
that was
m
ov
ed 180
de
gr
ees
.
5
.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
All
powe
r
-
net
work
volt
ages
at
MV
or
H
V
or
L
V
ov
e
r
30
V
rm
s
or
60
V
dc
a
re
in
this
m
ann
er
consi
der
e
d
E
S
3
s
ources.
If
w
e
so
m
eho
w
m
anag
e
d
to
"com
m
ot
ion
cr
os
s
out"
a
powe
r
-
m
at
rix,
per
our
de
finite
case
with
c
oor
din
at
e
acce
s
s
with
ICT
hard
war
e
,
the
m
os
t
extrem
e
volt
age
would
be
a
rou
nd
63
kVA
C
(89
kVDC)
,
j
ust
unde
r
neath
volt
ages
util
iz
ed
f
or
tran
sm
issi
o
n,
ye
t
well
insi
de
m
edium
vo
lt
ages
util
iz
ed
a
s
a
part
of
substat
io
ns
and
in
a
ppr
opr
ia
ti
on
li
nes
t
o
low
-
volt
age
t
r
ansfo
rm
ers.
A
s
it
w
on
'
t
not
be
do
a
ble
t
o
de
velo
p
ICT
hardw
a
re
in
li
gh
t
of
dire
ct
acce
ss
to
co
ntr
ol
m
at
rix
volt
ages,
it
m
igh
t
be
m
or
e
pra
gm
atic
to
anti
ci
pate
that v
oltages a
nd stream
s w
il
l be c
ha
ng
e
d uti
li
zi
ng
PTs
and
CTs, in
li
ke
m
ann
e
r.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Parikh
P
P
,
Kana
bar
M
G
,
&
Sidh
u
T
S
.
Oppor
tunitie
s
and
c
ha
ll
en
ges
of
wireless
communic
ati
on
t
ec
hnolog
ie
s
for
sm
art grid
applicati
ons
.
In
Pow
e
r
and Ene
rg
y
So
ci
e
t
y
Gen
era
l
Mee
t
ing
.
Jul
y
201
0;
1
-
7.
[2]
Am
in
S
M
,
&
W
oll
enb
erg
B.
To
ward
a
sm
art
gr
id:
power
delive
r
y
fo
r
th
e
21st
c
ent
ur
y
.
IE
EE
po
wer
and
en
ergy
magaz
ine
.
2005;
3
(5), 34
-
41.
[3]
Gungor
V
C
,
Lu
B,
&
Han
cke
G
P.
Opportunit
i
es
and
challe
ng
e
s
of
wire
l
ess
sensor
net
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i
n
sm
art
grid.
IE
E
E
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ons on i
ndustrial
e
le
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tronic
s
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2010
;
57
(1
0),
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3564
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[4]
Hadley
M,
Lu
N
,
e
t al
.
Sm
art
-
gri
d
sec
uri
t
y
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IEEE
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ec
urit
y
&
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rivac
y
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2010
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[5]
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m
an
A,
&
Sham
i
S
H.
Evol
u
ti
on
of
comm
un
ic
a
ti
on
t
ec
hno
lo
gie
s
for
sm
art
g
rid
applic
at
ions
.
Re
n
ewabl
e
and
Sustainabl
e
Ener
gy
Revi
ews
.
20
13;
19
,
191
-
199.
[6]
Yan
Y,
Qian
Y,
Sharif
H
,
&
Ti
ppe
r
D.
A
surve
y
on
c
y
b
e
r
sec
uri
t
y
for
s
m
art
grid
comm
unic
at
ions.
IE
EE
Comm
unic
ati
ons Surve
ys
&
Tuto
rials
.
2012
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[7]
Kart
hik
S.
Unde
rwat
er
v
ehicle
fo
r
surveillance
wi
th
navi
g
ation
an
d
sw
arm
net
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unic
at
io
n.
Indian
Journa
l
of
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ie
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e
and
Technol
og
y
.
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;
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[8]
Raj
a
M
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