Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal
Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
12
,
No.
3
,
Decem
ber
201
8
, p
p.
1211
~
1221
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v1
2
.i
3
.pp
1211
-
1221
1211
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Develop
a
nd
Implement
ation
o
f
Sol
ar Powered
Venti
lation
System
Ha
ir
ol
Niz
am Mo
hd Sh
ah
1
, Z
alina
Ka
mi
s
2
, Mohd F
airus
A
b
do
ll
ah
3
, M
oh
d
Kh
airi M
oh
d
Z
amb
ri
4
,
Faiz
il
Wa
sba
r
i
5
, N
urs
ab
il
li
lah
M
oh
d
A
li
6
, A
mi
r
ul A
nwar
Mat
Sh
ah
7
1,2,3,4,6,7
Cent
er
fo
r
Roboti
cs
and
I
ndustria
l
Autom
at
ion
,
Fa
cul
t
y
of
Elec
tr
ical Engi
n
ee
ring
,
Univ
ersiti
T
ekni
ka
l
Ma
lay
sia
Mela
ka
,
Ma
lay
si
a
5
Facul
t
y
of
Me
c
hani
c
al
Engi
n
ee
r
ing,
Univ
ersit
i
T
ekni
ka
l
Mal
a
y
s
i
a
Mel
aka,
Ma
lays
ia
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
A
pr
30
, 201
8
Re
vised
Ju
l
14
,
201
8
Accepte
d
Aug
2
1
, 201
8
A
vent
ilat
ion
s
ystem
comprising
a
v
ent
i
la
tor
or
fan
to
inhale
fre
sh
ai
r
from
envi
ronm
ent
sur
rounding
enters
the
c
abi
n
of
a
c
ar
where
at
th
e
sam
e
ti
m
e
exha
l
e
the
hot
air
to
the
outside.
Thi
s
inve
nt
ion
sy
stem
is
using
solar
power
int
egr
at
e
wi
th
t
he
ventilation
s
y
stem
in
orde
r
to
stabilize
t
he
the
rm
a
l
condi
ti
on
inside
the
c
ar
during
s
unn
y
da
y
.
Th
e
s
ola
r
power
is
ch
osen
as
it
is
rea
sonabl
e
due
to
it
s
l
imitl
ess
and
envi
ronm
en
ta
l
fr
ie
ndl
y
sour
ce
just
li
k
e
m
ent
ione
d
in
the pre
vious objec
t
i
ve
of
th
e
proj
ect. In
addition
,
a re
cha
rge
able
bat
t
er
y
is use
d
to
power
the
vent
ilator
in
the
abse
n
ce
of
the
alter
n
ative
ener
g
y
during
cl
oud
y
d
a
y
or
has
obsta
c
le
l
ike
b
ei
ng
sha
ded
b
y
buil
d
ing
s,
trees
and
othe
rs.
It
is
jus
t
li
ke
an
ext
ra
suppl
y
during
e
m
erg
ency
ca
se
.
Thi
s
m
a
y
pre
vent
the
la
ck
of
power
ene
rg
y
suppl
y
for
the
s
y
stem.
A
h
ea
t
se
nsor
is
used
as
to
d
et
e
ct
target
ed
(high
tem
per
at
ure
)
and
desire
d
te
m
pe
rat
ure
(drop
t
empera
tur
e)
inside
the
ca
r
.
It
is
oper
at
iv
ely
con
nec
t
ed
to
a
logic
ci
rcu
it
to
m
ea
sure
envi
ron
m
ent
al
fa
ct
or
,
where
in
the
cont
r
oll
er
(PIC
Micr
ocont
roller
)
uti
lizes
the
m
eas
ure
d
envi
ronm
ent
al
condition
to
al
low
the
power
suppl
y
to
ac
t
iva
t
e
or
de
ac
t
iva
t
e
th
e
v
ent
i
la
t
or.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Heat se
ns
or
Mi
cro
co
ntr
oller
So
la
r
p
a
nel
Ven
ti
la
ti
on syst
e
m
s
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Hair
ol N
iz
am
Mohd
S
ha
h
,
Ce
nter fo
r
R
obotics an
d Ind
ust
rial
Au
t
om
ation
,
Faculty
of Elec
tric
al
Engineer
ing
,
Unive
rsiti
Teknikal M
al
a
ysi
a Me
la
ka,
Ma
la
ysi
a
.
Em
a
il
:
hn
iz
a
m
@u
te
m
.ed
u.
m
y
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
Nowa
days,
global
wa
rm
ing
be
com
es
su
ch
a
gr
e
at
issue.
It
giv
es
im
pact
in
inc
reasin
g
t
he
the
rm
al
conditi
on
al
l
arou
nd
th
e
w
or
l
d.
It
is
eve
ntu
al
ly
war
m
up
e
ver
yt
hing
on
Ea
rth
.
Re
la
te
d
to
the
pro
blem
sta
tem
ent
of
th
is
proj
ect
,
it
w
il
l
heat
up
a
ca
r
w
he
n
pa
rk
i
n
g
at
ex
posed
a
rea
with
no
an
y
sh
ie
ld.
F
ro
m
her
e
,
m
any
issues
im
pact
are
appeared
the
n.
It
will
create
an
un
c
om
fo
rtable
env
ir
onm
ent
f
or
the
dr
ive
r
a
nd
the
passe
ng
e
rs.
Th
e
fu
el
c
onsu
m
ption
will
incr
ease
an
d
it
m
a
y
giv
e
resu
lt
of
heat
st
roke.
Ba
sed
on
t
he
s
it
uation
occurre
d
a
nd
sever
al
im
pacts
that
ha
ve
a
ppeare
d,
it
is
m
ot
ivate
d
an
d
encou
rag
e
d
t
o
create
a
ve
nt
il
at
io
n
syst
e
m
to
sta
bili
ze the tem
per
at
ur
e i
ns
ide t
he
car. Th
us, a c
om
fo
rt en
vi
ron
m
ent can be
produce
d for
us
e
r.
The
prob
le
m
i
s
com
e
up
wit
h
the
sit
uat
io
n
wh
e
n
a
ca
r
is
parke
d
on
the
sit
e
wh
er
e
it
is
expose
d
directl
y
from
su
nlig
ht
with
no
a
ny
s
hield.
T
his
sit
uatio
n
usual
ly
ta
kes
pla
ce
duri
ng
s
unny
day.
T
hus,
th
e
heat
gain
insi
de
the
car
will
increa
se
as
the
ai
r
in
side
the
cabi
n
of
the
ca
r
is
w
arm
ed
up
as
in
a
cl
os
ed
s
pace
wh
e
re
there is
no f
l
ow in
and
ou
t
of
air.
T
he heat
ga
in m
ay
r
each at crit
ic
al
p
oin
t
. Mo
st
of ene
rgy
so
urce t
hat already
exists
has
it
s
lim
i
t
us
e
an
d
non
-
re
ne
wab
le
.
They
eve
ntu
al
l
y
will
ru
n
out
as
the
durati
on
to
resto
re
the
m
is
ta
kin
g
l
o
nger
t
i
m
e.
They
al
so
can
pro
du
ce
poll
utions.
T
he
bur
ning
fu
el
c
an
em
i
ts
gr
een
hous
e
gases
w
hich
is
includi
ng car
bon di
ox
i
de whe
re ca
n
c
on
t
rib
ute in t
he p
henom
eno
n o
f glo
bal w
a
rm
ing
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1
2
1
1
–
1
2
2
1
1212
Eve
n
so
la
r
en
erg
y
is
un
li
m
i
te
d,
but
wh
e
n
hav
i
ng
so
m
e
ob
sta
cl
es
it
m
ay
aff
ec
t
it
s
pote
ntial
.
F
or
exam
ple,
the
so
la
r
pa
nel
nee
ded
to
be
direc
tl
y
exp
os
e
d
to
su
nli
gh
t
in
co
nverti
ng
el
ect
rici
ty
in
m
axi
m
u
m
rate.
If
t
her
e
is
cl
oudy
da
y
an
d
sh
a
ded
as
well
as
sh
a
dow
m
ay
de
crease
it
s
a
bili
ty
to
pro
duce
powe
r
s
upply.
Most
us
ers
pr
e
fe
r
ha
vin
g
so
m
et
hin
g
that
pleasi
ng
them
,
no
t
as
a
burd
e
n.
E
ve
n
the
ve
ntil
at
ion
is
well
f
un
ct
ion
in
g
bu
t
nee
d
to
ha
nd
le
it
m
anu
al
ly
,
it
will
giv
e
diff
ic
ulty
to
th
e
us
e
r.
F
or
exa
m
ple,
as
need
t
o
handle
it
m
a
nu
al
ly
,
a u
se
r
m
ay
n
eed take
m
or
e ti
m
e w
hile t
o i
nst
al
l i
t. I
t
m
ay
a
ff
ect
thei
r
ti
m
e
if th
ey
a
re
ru
s
hing
for
s
om
eth
in
g.
2.
LIT
ERATUR
E REVIE
W
The
s
un
is
an
exh
a
us
ti
ble
s
ource
of
e
nergy
[1
]
that
is
sit
uated
at
the
hea
rt
of
the
s
olar
syst
e
m
.
It
is
the
m
os
t
pr
om
inent
feat
ur
e
in
the
so
la
r
syst
em
.
It
ow
ns
99.
8%
of
the
m
as
s
of
the
s
olar
s
yst
e
m
and
is
ro
ug
hly
109
ti
m
es
the
diam
e
te
r
of
t
he
Earth
-
ab
out
one
m
illi
on
Eart
h
co
ul
d
fit
insi
de
it
.
It
is
a
fusion
reacto
r
w
hich
is
bur
ned
nea
rly
ov
e
r
four
bill
ion
ye
ars.
The
Sun
produces
a
vast
am
ou
nt
of
e
ne
rg
y
w
he
re
m
eet
the
supp
ly
f
or
w
orl
d’s
nee
ds
in
a
ye
ar.
In
a
day,
it
can
generate
a
ver
y
lar
ge
am
ou
nt
of
energy
than
ou
r
current
po
pu
l
at
ion
would co
nsum
e in
27 yea
rs.
So
la
r
e
nergy
i
s
a
rad
ia
nt
li
ght
an
d
he
at
th
at
is
pr
od
uce
d
by
the
s
un.
As
it
rad
ia
te
s,
an
en
orm
ou
s
a
m
ou
nt
of
e
ne
rg
y
is
cr
eat
e
d.
The
s
olar
energy
has
be
en
ac
knowle
dged
as
a
f
ree
,
ine
xhaustibl
e
an
d
env
i
ronm
ent
fr
ie
nd
ly
sources
.
It
delivers
ra
diati
on
of
so
la
r
energy
w
hich
is
received
by
the
Earth
a
nd
it
s
atm
os
ph
e
re
at
3.8
X
1024
J
pe
r
ye
ar
that
ex
ceeds
80
00
ti
m
es
ou
r
pr
im
a
ry
en
er
gy
sup
pl
y.
This
is
m
or
e
than
enou
gh
ene
rg
y
to
m
eet
glo
ba
l
dem
and
,
eve
n
al
lo
wing
f
or
the
co
nversi
on,
st
or
a
ge
a
nd
transm
issi
on
losse
s
require
d
wh
e
n
putt
ing
t
his
r
eso
ur
ces
t
o
hum
an
us
e.
T
hu
s
,
it
is
sta
te
d
th
at
the
so
la
r
e
ne
rg
y
is
t
he
pri
ncipal
so
urce
of e
ne
r
gy in
t
od
ay
’s
t
echnolo
gical
w
or
l
d
[
2].
Ov
e
r
the
la
st
few
deca
des,
s
olar
arc
hitec
tu
re
wh
ic
h
us
e
d
this
so
la
r
ene
rg
y
has
sta
rte
d
to
beco
m
e
popula
r
a
gain
because
co
ns
e
r
vation
iss
ues
a
nd
nowa
days,
consi
der
a
ble
pro
gr
e
ss
has
be
en
m
ade
in
pro
m
ot
ing
the
so
la
r
ren
e
wab
le
e
nergy.
Ma
ny
people
belie
ved
t
hat
so
la
r
e
nergy
ha
s
con
t
rib
uted
and
will
con
t
inu
e
t
o
con
t
rib
ute
to
t
he
national
a
nd
global
ene
rgy
util
isa
ti
on
str
at
egies
[
3].
S
olar
ene
r
gy
is
use
d
in
va
rio
us
pa
rts
of
industrial
an
d
com
m
ercial
se
ct
or
s
s
uch
as
a
gr
ic
ultu
ral,
tra
ns
po
rtat
ion
,
c
om
m
un
ic
at
ion
and
oth
e
rs.
T
his
pape
r
will
f
oc
us
m
ore o
n
it
s
util
it
y in
the
v
e
ntil
at
ion
syst
em
o
f
a c
ar.
Ven
ti
la
ti
on
is
a
no
li
m
it
su
pp
ly
and
rem
oval
of
ai
r
acco
r
ding
to
a
sp
ac
e.
In
sim
pler
words,
it
is
the
intenti
onal
f
lo
w
in and
ou
t o
f
air o
f
a s
pace. It i
s ap
plied to get rid
of
unpl
easant sm
ell an
d
exces
sive m
oistur
e
by
al
lowing
ai
r
from
the
ou
tsi
de
to
fill
in,
to
m
ai
ntain
therm
al
con
diti
on
of
interi
or
s
pace.
A
cco
rd
a
nce
t
o
ASHRAE
Ha
ndbook
[
4],
ve
ntil
at
ion
ai
r
is
the
ai
r
us
ed
to
pro
du
c
e
acce
ptable
indoor
ai
r
qu
al
it
y.
The
ven
ti
la
ti
on
syst
e
m
is
div
ided
i
nto
th
ree
ty
pes
wh
ic
h
are
natur
al
ve
ntil
at
ion,
m
echan
ic
al
ven
ti
la
ti
on
an
d
hybri
d
ven
ti
la
ti
on.
Durin
g
a
car
pa
rk
e
d
at
ex
po
s
ed
area
w
he
re
directl
y
perpendicula
r
to
wa
rds
su
nlig
ht,
the
therm
al
heat
in
the
interi
or
sp
ace
of
a
car
i
s
gen
e
rated
will
raise
the
interi
or
spa
ce
tem
per
at
ur
e
up
dras
ti
cal
ly
.
The
therm
a
l
accum
ulati
on
will
cause
an
un
c
om
fo
rtable
env
ir
onm
ent
t
o
the
dri
ver
or
the
passenge
r
s
durin
g
the
early
10
m
inu
te
s
after
e
nterin
g
a
prol
on
ge
d
s
oak
e
d
ca
r
[5
]
.
T
he
te
m
per
at
ur
e
i
ns
ide
t
he
car
ca
n
easi
ly
rise
to
60
o
C
and
even
i
n
fairly
cl
oudy
day,
it
can
easi
ly
reach
55oC
[
6].
The
equ
i
pm
ent
inside
the
car w
il
l
absor
b
heat
an
d
will
m
ake
the
car
com
par
t
m
ent
hard
to
be
co
oled
dow
n
wit
hin
a
s
hort
p
e
rio
d
of
tim
e.
In
orde
r
to
reduce
the
tem
per
at
ur
e
bu
il
t
up
durin
g
t
he
wa
rm
up
per
i
od,
the
dri
ve
rs
hav
e
to
act
ivate
the
ai
r
co
ndit
ion
e
r
at
high
s
pee
d
as
to
en
sure
t
he
esse
ntial
coo
li
ng
process
to
achie
ve
th
e
desire
d
te
m
per
at
ur
e.
The
dro
p
of
in
t
he
interi
or
tem
per
at
ur
e
by
run
ning
the
ai
r
co
ndit
ion
e
r
i
s
highe
r
(
50%
)
com
par
e
d
to
conditi
on
w
he
r
e
ai
r
co
ndit
ione
r
is
tur
ned
off
,
ref
l
ect
ing
big
in
fluen
ce
of
t
he
ai
r
c
onditi
on
i
ng
syst
e
m
(A
/C
)
t
o
ob
ta
i
n
good
therm
al
co
m
fort
[
7].
Th
us
,
it
co
ns
e
qu
e
ntly
increa
ses
the
fu
el
c
onsu
m
ption
of
the
car
as
well
as
increase
s
th
e
em
issi
on
of
car
bo
n
dioxide
gases
. As to
ove
rco
m
e the
pro
blem
,
ven
ti
la
ti
on syst
e
m
is create
d
a
s the soluti
on.
2.1
.
Advant
ages
o
f
S
ola
r E
nerg
y
a)
Enviro
nmen
t
al Friendl
y
S
ourc
e
So
la
r
e
nergy
is
known
as
on
e
of
ideal
e
nerg
y
so
urce
that
is
ren
e
wa
ble
an
d
no
n
-
po
ll
uti
ng
sou
rce.
It
do
e
s
not
har
m
the
en
vironm
ent
by
em
it
ti
ng
any
hazar
dous
or
g
ree
nhouse g
ases
s
uch
as
c
arbo
n
dioxide
, s
ulf
ur
dioxide a
nd
nitroge
n
oxide int
o
the atm
os
ph
e
re.
It also
do
es
no
t t
ake
par
t i
n
burn
i
ng
a
ny fuel an
d
pro
duc
es n
o
e
m
issi
on
s.
T
hu
s,
this
will
pre
ven
t t
he pr
oble
m
s o
f
f
uel cons
um
ption
and t
he
prod
uction o
f
r
a
dio
act
ive
wa
ste
.
b)
Renewa
ble a
n
d Infini
te Sou
rce
So
la
r
ene
rg
y
is
a
re
ne
wab
le
a
nd
total
ly
one
hundre
d
per
ce
nt
f
ree
s
ource
of
en
e
rg
y
[
8].
The
rad
ia
ti
on
of
the s
olar
e
ne
rg
y i
s long
la
s
ti
ng
and conti
nuously
as the
s
un
rem
ai
ns
ex
ist
s.
Th
us
, its s
ource is n
e
ver
run
out
com
par
ed
t
o n
on
-
re
ne
wab
le
s
ources like
o
il
,
co
al
a
nd n
at
ural
g
as.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Develo
p and I
mp
le
men
t
ation of
So
l
ar
P
owe
red
Ve
ntil
atio
n Syste
m
(
H
airol
Ni
za
m Mo
hd
Shah
)
1213
c)
Saving
Eco
-
S
ystems
and Li
ve
li
ho
ods
Be
cause
s
o
la
r
energy
does
not
rely
on
co
nst
antly
m
ining
raw
m
at
erial
s
,
it
do
es
not
r
esult
in
the
destr
uction o
f f
or
est
s
and ec
o
-
syst
e
m
s that o
c
cur
s
w
it
h m
os
t fo
ssil
fu
el
oper
at
ion
s
[8
]
.
d)
Easy Imple
me
nt
ati
on
So
la
r
pa
nel
is
easy
to
i
m
plem
ent
becau
se
cords,
wires
,
or
powe
r
s
ourc
es
are
not
re
quire
d
at
al
l.
Com
par
ed
to
ot
her
ene
rg
y
source
s
uch
as
ge
oth
e
rm
al
or
wind,
they
nee
d
a
power
sta
ti
on
wh
e
re
they
need
e
d
to
be
at
ta
ched
with
so
m
e
stuff
s
li
ke
dr
il
li
ng
m
achines
m
aki
ng
s
uch
a
dif
fi
cult
instal
la
ti
o
n
then
.
No
ne
w
sp
a
ce
is require
d
as
the s
olar pa
nel
can
be plac
ed
a
t avail
able loca
ti
on
li
kes
on t
he
top r
oof.
e)
Ma
in
ten
an
ce
is Low
So
la
r
cel
ls t
hat
co
ntaine
d
in t
he
so
la
r
pa
nel
are ab
le
to ru
n i
n
a long lifet
im
e and
ex
act
ly
r
eq
uire
li
tt
le
m
ai
ntenan
ce
only
.
If
t
her
e
is
a
requirem
ent
in
increasi
ng
the
powe
r
s
ource,
the
s
olar
cel
ls
can
sim
p
ly
be
add
e
d.
E
ve
n
th
e
instal
la
ti
on
of
the
so
la
r
panel
at
first
need
su
c
h
highly
co
st
bu
t
it
can
be
recovere
d
in
a
long
te
rm
.
2.2
.
Disa
d
va
nt
ages
of Sol
ar
Energ
y
a)
Reli
ab
il
ity/
Do Not
Func
tio
n
at N
i
gh
t
This
is
one
of
the
m
a
in
disad
van
ta
ges
bec
a
us
e
the
produc
ti
on
of
so
la
r
energy
is
no
t
c
on
sta
nt.
T
he
su
nli
gh
t
m
us
t
exist
in
ord
er
t
o
ge
ne
rate
el
ect
rici
ty
.
Du
ri
ng
at
nig
ht,
t
he
s
un
is
co
ver
e
d
by
ov
e
rcast
sk
ie
s
an
d
storm
s.
Th
us
,
the
ene
r
gy
ge
ner
at
e
d
by
the
so
la
r
cel
ls
ca
nnot
be
c
ount
ed
on
at
al
l
ti
m
es.
This
m
eans
t
hat
decen
t
rali
zed
energy
from
so
l
ar
cel
ls
cannot
su
pply
wh
at
the
ene
rg
y
in
dustry
cal
le
d
baseli
ne
power,
w
hi
c
h
su
ppli
es a c
ons
ta
nt en
e
rg
y
nee
d [9
]
.
b)
So
lar
Ine
ff
ic
ie
ncy
This
poi
nt
is
a
no
t
her
gr
eat
is
su
e
that
has
be
en
crit
ic
iz
ed
relat
ed
to
the
pro
du
ct
io
n
of
so
la
r
e
nergy
wh
ic
h
c
om
par
at
ively
ineff
ic
ie
nt.
T
he
per
ce
ntage
of
the
s
ol
ar
ene
rg
y
th
at
cou
l
d
act
ually
be
ca
ptu
re
d
for
us
e
a
s
energy
was
rel
at
ively
s
m
a
ll
,
on
ly
4%
at
fir
st
and
la
te
r
11%
[10]
a
nu
m
ber
that
has
c
onti
nu
e
d
to
gr
ow
with
te
chnolo
gical
adv
a
nces
.
The
s
olar
ene
r
gy
is
i
n
sm
all
a
m
ou
nt
that
can
be
co
nv
e
rted
int
o
el
ect
rici
ty
.
In
order
t
o
gen
e
rate
el
ect
rici
ty
at
m
axi
m
um
rate,
a
hu
ge
su
rf
ac
e
area
is
dem
and
ed.
Howe
ver,
now
adays
m
any
so
luti
ons
are
inv
e
nte
d
in
reso
l
ving
this
inabili
ty
and
e
vid
e
ntly
it
real
ly
con
trib
ute
in
the
de
vel
opm
ent
of
it
s
eff
i
ci
ency
in r
ece
nt few y
ears.
c)
Loca
tion
The
locat
io
n
of
the
so
la
r
pa
ne
l
is
ano
the
r
con
si
der
at
io
n
ne
ed
to
be
inclu
ded
i
n
one
of
it
s
adv
a
ntag
es
.
It
play
s
m
ajo
r
ro
le
in
t
he
pro
du
ct
io
n
of
el
ec
tric
it
y
po
we
r
s
upply.
Wh
e
n
a
rea
m
eet
s
ob
sta
cl
es
li
ke
cl
oudy
day,
sh
a
ded
or
s
ha
dow
,
it
eve
ntua
ll
y
m
ay
decr
eas
e
the p
r
oductio
n
rate
of
th
e
el
ect
rici
ty
.
Thu
s
,
m
or
e
pa
nels nee
ded
to b
e
adde
d
t
o pro
du
ce
e
no
ugh
el
ect
rici
ty
.
3.
METHO
DOL
OGY
Heat
sens
or
is
us
e
d
to
sense
e
nv
i
ronm
ental
factor
w
hich
is
ta
rg
et
ed
a
nd
de
sired
te
m
per
at
ur
e
that
has
been
set
by
pr
ogram
m
ing
.
T
he
flo
w
sta
rt
w
hen
it
detect
s
ta
rg
et
e
d
tem
perat
ur
e
w
hich
is
>340C
inside
t
he
car,
then
the contr
o
ll
er r
ecei
ve
sig
nal an
d
al
lo
w
powe
r
supp
ly
fro
m
so
la
r
pow
er s
ource or the
r
echar
gea
ble b
at
te
ry
to
act
ivate
the
ven
ti
la
tors.
If
there
is
no
dete
ct
ion
on
ta
r
get
ed
te
m
per
at
ur
e
,
the
n
t
he
proc
ess
of
act
ivati
on
of
the
fa
n
is
not
l
aun
c
he
d.
As
th
e
proces
s
of
t
he
v
e
ntil
at
ion
ta
kes
place,
t
he
t
e
m
per
at
ure
will
sli
gh
tl
y
dec
re
ased
from
tim
e
to
t
i
m
e.
Wh
en
desired
te
m
per
at
ure
detect
ed
at
wh
ic
h
is
<30o
C,
the
sensor
will
sense
it
a
gain
a
nd
even
t
ually
the
sam
e
pr
ocess
occurre
d
wh
e
r
e
the
co
ntr
oller
will
decide
to
deacti
vate
t
he
fan.
T
he
fa
n
is
sti
ll
ON
if
no
desi
red
te
m
per
at
ure
is
sensed
.
T
his
flo
w
is
aut
om
atical
ly
cont
ro
ll
ed
an
d
operated
co
ntin
uous
ly
.
Figure
1
s
how
the f
l
ow ch
a
rt
pr
ese
nts t
he ope
rati
on of th
e s
yst
e
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1
2
1
1
–
1
2
2
1
1214
Figure
1
.
Flo
w
ch
a
rt the syste
m
o
per
at
ion
3.1
.
H
ardw
ar
e Implem
en
t
at
i
on
3.1
.1
Mech
ani
cal Pa
r
t
a)
Vent
il
ators
T
his
pro
j
ect
w
ou
l
d
no
t
us
e
a
ny
m
at
erial
that
al
read
y
bee
n
in
a
ca
r.
The
re
fore,
ne
w
fan
need
e
d
to
be
instal
le
d
to
functi
on
as
t
he
ven
ti
la
tor
for
the
ve
ntil
at
ion
syst
e
m
.
CPU
brus
hless
fa
n
was
prefe
rr
e
d
as
th
e
ven
ti
la
tor
.
T
he
fan
was
at
ta
ch
ed
int
o
a
platf
orm
of
a
casi
ng
wh
ic
h
wa
s
act
as
the
ve
ntil
at
or
bo
dy.
T
his
ca
sing
was
s
pecial
ly
desig
ne
d
to
cre
at
e
a
m
edium
wh
e
re
it
pro
vid
es
a
c
hannel
f
or
the
flo
w
in
and
ou
t
of
ai
r
can
ta
ke
place.
The
m
oto
r
was
place
d
at
the
centre
of
the
insi
de
of
the
casi
ng
di
rectl
y
near
the
cham
ber
.
Figu
re
2
sh
ow
t
he
m
oto
r
fa
n
that
is
use
d
in
t
his
pr
oj
e
ct
.
The
re
wa
s
a
ga
p
bet
ween
the
fa
n
a
nd
t
he
cham
ber
in
order
t
o
avo
i
d
c
olli
sion.
T
he
m
oto
r
f
an
was
hold
s
ecur
el
y
at
the
platfo
rm
with
so
m
e
screw
s.
The
s
pecifica
ti
on
of
m
oto
r
1
a
nd
2
i
s sho
w
in
Ta
ble 1
a
nd
2.
This
e
nab
le
t
he
posit
ion
of
t
he
m
oto
r
fan
can
be
furthe
r
stren
gth
e
ne
d.
The
posit
ive
a
nd
ne
gative
wires
from
the
m
oto
r’
s
le
g
w
ere
twist
e
d
to
ge
ther
a
s
to
en
s
ur
e
to
preve
nt
tho
se
wire
s
fro
m
being
hit
by
the
fan.
The
cable
s
then
wer
e
broug
h
t
ou
t
f
ro
m
the
ven
ti
la
tor
body
via
a
ho
l
e
that
has
been
dr
il
le
d
on
the
casi
ng
body.
T
hose
c
ables
we
re
c
onnecte
d
to
t
he
ou
t
pu
t
sta
ti
on
of
te
m
per
at
ur
e
con
t
ro
ll
er
bo
ard.
Tw
o
ve
ntil
at
or
s
wer
e
us
e
d
as
t
o
inc
rease
the
eff
ic
ie
ncy
of
t
he
syst
em
per
f
or
m
ance
as
s
how
i
n
Fi
gure
3
an
d
4.
H
owev
er,
bo
t
h
ven
ti
la
tors
we
r
e
hav
i
ng
dif
fere
nt
directi
on
fl
ow
of
ai
r
.
O
ne
was
drag
ging
ai
r
into
the
ca
bi
n
of
t
he
car
a
nd
the
oth
e
r on
e
w
as
vice v
e
rsa. T
hus,
a cy
cl
e
of
flo
w of
ai
r was
form
ed.
Table
1.
Sp
eci
f
ic
at
ion
of m
otor
1
Motor
fa
n 1:
Sp
ecif
icatio
n
Ratin
g
Vo
ltag
e
12V
Cu
rr
en
t
0
.13
5
A
Po
wer
1
.62
W
Table
2.
Sp
eci
f
ic
at
ion
of m
otor
2
Motor fa
n 2:
Sp
ecif
icatio
n
Ratin
g
Vo
ltag
e
12V
Cu
rr
en
t
0
.18
A
Po
wer
2
.16
W
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Develo
p and I
mp
le
men
t
ation of
So
l
ar
P
owe
red
Ve
ntil
atio
n Syste
m
(
H
airol
Ni
za
m Mo
hd
Shah
)
1215
Figure
2. Moto
r
fa
n
Figure
3. Moto
r
im
ple
m
ented
on the
platf
orm
Figure
4. Ve
ntil
at
or
s
(af
te
r
m
otor f
a
n
im
plem
ented)
3.1.2
El
ectric
al P
art
a)
So
lar
P
an
el
So
la
r
pa
nel
w
as
sel
ect
ed
as
the
m
ai
n
su
pp
ly
ener
gy
f
or
the
syst
e
m
.
Wh
e
n
ra
diati
on
of
s
un
li
ght
reaches
the
pa
nel,
the
par
ti
cl
es
of
the
s
un
li
gh
t
or
cal
le
d
phot
on
the
n
c
onve
rted
into
el
ect
rical
energy
.
T
he
process
ta
kes
pl
ace
is
cal
le
d
phot
ovoltai
c
effe
ct
.
As
the
ph
ot
on
stri
kes
on
s
olar
cel
l,
it
will
trigg
e
r
el
ect
r
on
i
n
the
so
la
r
cel
l
and
ca
us
e
it
m
ov
in
g
f
reely
or
in
excit
e
sta
te
.
This
sit
uatio
n
will
p
r
oduce
a
n
el
ect
ric
cu
rr
e
nt.
T
he
el
ect
rici
ty
p
ower
gen
e
rated
th
en use
d
as
pow
er supply
to
act
ivate
the
ve
ntil
at
or
or f
a
n.
It
is
a
m
on
ocry
sta
ll
ine
silicon
so
la
r
pan
el
a
s
sh
ow
n
in
Fig
ur
e
5.
Th
os
e
s
olar
cel
ls
are
connecte
d
in
series.
It
c
on
ta
ins
36
s
olar
c
el
ls
wh
ic
h
pro
du
ce
a
n
op
e
n
-
ci
rcu
it
volt
age
of
a
bout
21.4V,
as
eac
h
cel
l
can
pro
vid
es
vo
lt
a
ge
in
betwee
n
0.5V
to
0.6
V.
T
his
ope
n
-
ci
rcu
it
volt
age
is
the
vo
lt
ag
e
wh
e
re
the
re
is
no
connecti
on
be
tween
t
he
s
olar
pa
nel
to
a
ny
load.
He
nce,
it
pr
od
uces
pe
ak
am
ou
nt
of
v
oltage
.
F
ro
m
this
a
m
ou
nt
of
vo
lt
age,
it
is
suffi
ci
ent
to
c
ha
rg
e
12V
batte
ry
a
s
the
e
xtra
po
wer
sup
ply
f
or
the
syst
em
.
Table
3
sh
ows
sp
eci
ficat
ion
on the
selec
te
d
s
olar pa
ne
l.
Table
3.
Sp
eci
f
ic
at
ion
of m
onocr
yst
al
li
ne
sil
ic
on s
olar panel
Sp
ecif
icatio
n
R
atin
g
Rated
M
ax
i
m
u
m
P
o
wer
1
2
W
p
Maxi
m
u
m
S
y
ste
m
Vo
ltag
e
715V
Rated
Voltag
e
1
7
.28
V
Rated
Cu
rr
en
t
0
.70
A
Op
en
ed
-
Circu
it V
o
ltag
e
2
1
.24
V
Sh
o
rt
-
Circu
it Cu
rr
en
t
0
.77
A
Test Co
n
d
itio
n
AM1.5
,E
c
=1
0
0
0
W
/M
2
,T
c=2
5
0
C
Di
m
en
sio
n
3
8
0
m
m
× 30
5
m
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1
2
1
1
–
1
2
2
1
1216
Figure
5.
Mo
nocryst
al
li
ne
sil
ic
on s
olar panel
b)
Install
at
i
on
of
V
en
tilat
ors
The
ve
ntil
at
or
s
we
re
desig
ne
d
to
be
placed
on
the
to
p
e
dge
of
both
side
open
wi
ndow
of
the
te
ste
d
car.
T
her
e
wa
s
ai
r
ga
p
as
t
he
instal
la
ti
on
was
done
be
cause
the
windows
wer
e
no
t
fu
ll
y
cl
os
ed
du
e
t
o
ven
ti
la
tor
body
.
Af
te
r
ta
ki
ng
safety
con
si
de
rati
on
as
pr
i
or
i
ti
zed,
rub
ber
st
rips
we
re
fitt
ed
al
ong
the
t
op
ed
ge
of
the
wind
ows
to
fill
the
gap
betwee
n
the
top
e
dge
of
the
window
a
nd
th
e
door
fr
am
e.
The
strip
s
we
r
e
fitt
ed
loo
sel
y
int
o
th
e
m
ai
n
un
it
by
pu
s
hi
ng
them
up
into
the
gro
ov
e
s
on
ei
ther
side
of
t
he
ve
nt
il
at
or
body.
Fi
gure
6
sh
ow t
he
t
op v
i
ew of
the
posit
ion
so
la
r
p
a
nel
and v
e
ntil
at
or
s
.
Figure
6. To
p view
-
Po
sit
io
n o
f
s
olar pa
nel
and v
e
ntil
at
or
s
The
wi
ndows
wer
e
kep
t
op
e
n
ab
out
seve
ral
centim
et
res
and
the
ven
ti
la
tor
body
was
posit
ion
ed
on
a
su
it
able
flat
pa
rt
of
t
he
wi
ndow.
Finall
y
th
e
strips
wer
e
f
it
te
d
al
ong
the
top
e
dg
e
of
the
wi
ndow.
T
his
ca
n
viewe
d
in
t
he
Figure
7.
T
he
whole
ven
ti
la
tor
was
pla
ced
on
t
he
to
p
of
the
wi
ndow.
T
hen,
the
wind
ow
wa
s
cl
os
ed
in
s
uch
a
way
that
th
e
ven
ti
la
tor
ca
n
be
sec
ur
el
y
held
in
place
betwee
n
the
w
indow
a
nd
the
door
fr
am
e.
Figure
7. Locat
ion
of the
v
e
ntil
at
or
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
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c Eng &
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m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Develo
p and I
mp
le
men
t
ation of
So
l
ar
P
owe
red
Ve
ntil
atio
n Syste
m
(
H
airol
Ni
za
m Mo
hd
Shah
)
1217
c)
Loca
tion o
f S
ola
r
Pa
nel
Accor
ding
to
one
of
t
he
obj
ec
ti
ves
in
the
pre
vious
pag
e
,
loc
at
ion
of
t
he
s
ol
ar
pa
nel
was
e
m
ph
asi
zed.
It
was
on
e
of
the
facto
rs
tha
t
sh
ould
be
pr
i
or
it
iz
ed
as
it
a
ff
ect
s
the
pro
duct
ion
of
am
ou
nt
of
powe
r
s
upply
gen
e
rated
.
I
n
order
t
he
syst
em
to
fu
nctio
n
eff
ect
ively
in
s
m
oo
th
wa
y,
it
sh
oul
d
nee
d
e
nough
or
as
m
uch
of
m
axi
m
u
m
po
w
er
sup
ply
as
it
can.
T
hu
s
,
the
po
sit
io
n
of
th
e
so
la
r
pa
nel
is
cru
ci
al
to
be
prop
e
rly
plac
ed
a
nd
al
ign
ed
to
get
m
os
t
eff
ic
ie
ncy
ou
t
of
it
.
So
m
e
con
side
r
at
ion
s
hould
be
inclu
ded
i
n
decidin
g
t
he
be
st
or
su
it
ab
le
locat
ion
for
the
so
la
r
pa
nel.
He
re
wer
e
s
om
e
of
the
co
ns
ide
rati
on
s
t
hat
wer
e
highli
gh
te
d
as
sh
ow
n
belo
w:
d)
Shade
an
d
Shad
ow
It
is
sta
te
d
t
ha
t
intensit
y
of
r
adiat
ion
of
s
unli
gh
t
af
fect
the
c
ollec
ti
on
of
el
ect
rici
ty
po
we
r
s
uppl
y
pro
du
ce
d.
As
t
he
inte
nsi
ty
is
decr
ease
, th
e
n t
he
pro
duct
ion
of
powe
r
sup
ply i
s also d
ecre
ased. Whe
n o
bst
acl
es
li
ke
sh
a
de
an
d
sh
a
dow
com
es
up,
the
so
la
r
pa
nel
is
blo
c
ke
d
a
nd
no
ra
di
at
ion
of
s
un
li
ght
will
r
each
it
.
T
he
pro
du
ct
io
n of
powe
r
s
upply i
s b
ei
ng inter
rupted
t
hen.
e)
Angle o
f
I
ncli
na
ti
on
Diff
e
re
nt
an
gl
e
of
incli
natio
n
will
prov
i
de
diff
e
re
nt
am
ou
nt
of
r
adiat
io
n
of
sunli
ght.
T
o
reac
h
high
intensit
y of s
unli
gh
t,
the
so
la
r panel s
uppos
edly
to be
dire
ct
ly
p
rop
or
ti
on
al
to
s
un
li
ght.
[Maxim
u
m
a
m
ount
of sunli
gh
t = an
gle of i
n
c
li
nation (90
o) tow
a
r
ds
s
un
li
ght]
f)
Moveme
nt
of
Sun
The
S
un
a
ppea
rs
to
rise
in
t
he
East
and
it
set
s
in
the
W
est
.
Diff
e
re
nt
place
has
dif
fer
e
nt
intensit
y
of
su
nli
gh
t.
F
or
a
country
locat
ed
far
a
way
fro
m
the
hig
hway
of
the
S
un,
th
e
intensit
y
of
the
sunl
ig
ht
is
sli
gh
tl
y
low
a
nd
vice
ve
rsa.
L
uck
il
y,
Ma
la
ysi
a
is
locat
ed
in
the
S
un
belt
of
the
E
arth
w
hich
is
ne
arly
to
the
eq
uato
r.
Ther
e
f
or
e,
the
good thi
ng is
Ma
la
ysi
a h
avin
g
a
n
a
ver
a
ge
i
nsola
ti
on abo
ut
the sam
e all
ye
ar aro
und.
By
ref
e
rr
e
d
t
o
the
c
on
si
der
at
i
on
highli
gh
te
d
ab
ove,
with
s
om
e
fu
rt
her
re
search
a
nd
dis
cussion,
the
so
la
r
pan
el
wa
s
ch
os
en
t
o
be
placed
at
the
t
op
r
oof
of
the
car.
T
his
posit
ion
is
il
lustrate
d
in
the
Fig
ur
e
8.
At
this
posit
ion,
the
s
olar
pan
el
was
a
ble
to
r
e
cei
ve
dire
ct
ly
so
la
r
ir
ra
diat
ion
in
m
axi
m
u
m
am
ou
nt.
He
nc
e,
hi
gh
pro
du
ct
io
n
of
el
ect
rici
ty
was
achieve
d.
T
he
po
sit
ive
a
nd
ne
gative
wire
s
f
ro
m
the
so
la
r
pan
el
wer
e
c
onnecte
d
to the i
nput sta
ti
on
of the tem
per
at
ur
e c
ontr
ol
le
r
boar
d.
Figure
8. To
p r
oof
–
posit
ion
of so
la
r panel
3
.
2.
S
oftware
Impleme
n
tati
on
3.
2
.
1 Micr
oc
ontr
oller
By
us
in
g
Mi
cr
oC
s
of
t
war
e
a
nd
P
ro
te
us
s
oft
war
e,
the
res
ult
of
the
pr
oject
can
be
il
lu
strat
ed.
Th
e
m
ic
ro
co
ntro
ll
e
r
cod
e
s
wer
e
c
om
piled
by
us
ing
Mi
cr
oC
so
f
tware.
T
he
software
the
n
insta
ll
s
the
PI
C16
F
876A
[11]
wi
th
the
m
achines
co
de
s
of
the
pro
gr
a
m
by
us
ing
P
I
Ckit
2
pro
gr
a
m
m
er.
Then
a
desig
ne
d
ci
rcu
i
t
fo
r
the
syst
e
m
was
si
m
ula
te
d
by
usi
ng
P
ro
t
ues
s
of
t
war
e
wh
ic
h
is
us
ing
the
PI
C
Mi
cro
c
on
trolle
r
as
the
m
ai
n
con
t
ro
ll
er
[
12
-
13
]
.
Howe
ver,
the
protues
s
of
t
wa
re
does
not
prov
i
de
certai
n
com
po
ne
nt
tha
t
us
ed
in
act
ua
l
har
dware
.
Ther
e
is
a
c
ha
ng
e
m
ade
in
orde
r
to
re
place
the
act
ual
co
m
po
nen
ts
to
re
le
van
t
com
pone
nts
su
c
h
as
th
e
input
for
the
syst
em
.
So
la
r
pa
nel
w
as
il
lustrate
d
as
a
batte
ry
in
the
softwa
re.
T
he
pro
gress
of
the
si
m
ulati
on
has
been
e
xp
la
ine
d
in
the
tem
per
at
ur
e
c
on
t
ro
l
le
r
bo
a
rd
sect
ion.
Fig
ur
e
9
sh
ow
the
sim
ulati
on
ci
rc
uit
us
in
g
Pr
ote
us
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1
2
1
1
–
1
2
2
1
1218
Figure
9. Sim
ulati
on
circ
uit (
Pr
ote
us)
4.
RESU
LT
S
AND DI
SCUS
S
ION
4.1
.
D
ata C
ollec
tion Proc
ess
Ther
e
wer
e
se
ver
al
ex
pe
rim
e
nts
or
te
st
be
c
arr
ie
d
ou
t
.
The
se
te
sts
wer
e
done
in
orde
r
to
inv
est
igate
the p
e
rfo
rm
ance of th
e
v
e
ntil
at
ion
syst
em
. Th
e
data colle
ct
ion
s
w
e
re
div
i
de
d
int
o
tw
o
c
at
egories:
1.
Perfo
rm
ance of
ven
ti
la
ti
on
syst
e
m
a)
Data coll
ect
io
n wit
hout
ve
ntil
at
or
b)
Data coll
ect
io
n wit
h ve
ntil
at
or
2.
Energy s
upply
pro
vid
e
d by th
e so
la
r
p
a
nel
a)
So
la
r
p
a
nel is
directl
y ex
pose
d
to
s
un
li
ght
b)
So
la
r
p
a
nel is c
ov
e
re
d
A
m
et
a
ll
ic
gr
ey
colour
P
ro
t
on
Satria
Ne
o,
hatch
back
c
om
pact
car
was
sel
ect
ed
as
a
su
bject
te
st
thr
ougho
ut
the
inv
est
igati
on.
This
car
has
di
m
ension
of
ov
erall
le
ng
th
=
3905m
m
,
ov
er
al
l
width
=
1710
mm
and
overall
he
igh
t
=
14
20
m
m
.
It
is
a
cl
ea
n
car
w
hich
is
do
e
s
not
co
nt
ai
n
any
s
ubj
ec
ti
ve
or
m
od
ifi
cat
ion
s
wh
e
re
m
ay
con
trib
ute
in
the
interr
up
ti
on
of
the
data
co
ll
e
ct
ion
,
f
or
e
xa
m
ple
is
ti
nted
window.
The
car
wa
s
parke
d
in
a
n
open
sp
ac
e
w
he
re
ex
pose
d
to
the
sunli
ght
in
orde
r
to
kee
p
the
whole
ve
ntil
at
ion
syst
em
was
run
ning at it
s optim
u
m
level.
The
s
olar
pa
ne
l,
ve
ntil
at
or
s,
ba
tt
ery
and
te
m
per
at
ur
e
co
ntr
ol
le
r
boar
d
were
instal
le
d
pro
per
ly
.
Af
te
r
rub
ber
st
rips
ha
d
be
en
placed
,
the
ca
r’
s
si
de
windows
a
nd
doors
wer
e
e
nsu
red
t
o
be
f
ully
cl
os
ed
.
F
or
t
he
first
cat
egory
te
st,
t
he
data
acq
uisit
ion
s
we
re
do
ne
in
su
nny
day
fr
om
11
am
-
3p
m
.
The
data
wer
e
ta
ke
n
in
ever
y
hour int
er
vals from
the d
at
a ra
ng
e
. Due
to
dif
fer
e
nt intensity
o
f
li
ght bet
we
en
the
days in
Ma
la
ysi
a b
ecause of
un
e
xpect
ed
cl
i
m
at
e
chan
ge
,
the
data
wer
e
c
ollec
te
d
in
a
ve
rag
e
way.
T
he
tem
per
at
ur
es
a
t
the
fro
nt
das
hboa
rd
and
bac
k
das
hboa
r
d
wer
e
ta
ken
by
us
i
ng
dig
it
a
l
te
m
per
at
ur
e
i
nd
ic
at
or
.
At
la
st,
their
ave
rag
e
te
m
p
eratur
e
s
wer
e
calc
ulate
d by E
q
u
at
io
n
1.
Tf
=
(Tm
ax
+
Tm
in)
/ 2
(1)
This
te
st
was
done
seve
ral
ti
m
es
in
orde
r
to
obta
in
m
or
e
a
ccur
at
e
data
m
easur
em
ent.
F
or
the
se
co
nd
cat
egory
te
st,
t
her
e
we
re
tw
o
conditi
on
te
st
wer
e
co
nducte
d.
First
co
nd
it
i
on,
the
data
of
su
pply
ener
gy
wer
e
ta
ken
w
he
n
s
olar
pan
el
is
di
re
ct
ly
exposed
m
eanwhil
e
the
s
econd
one
was
w
hen
the
so
la
r
pan
el
was
co
ver
e
d.
In
sec
ond
te
st,
there
we
re
di
vid
e
d
into
tw
o
conditi
on
s
t
he
n
w
her
e
t
he
s
ol
ar
pan
el
was
im
ple
m
ented
on
the
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Develo
p and I
mp
le
men
t
ation of
So
l
ar
P
owe
red
Ve
ntil
atio
n Syste
m
(
H
airol
Ni
za
m Mo
hd
Shah
)
1219
fron
t
a
nd
bac
k
dashb
oard.
T
he
po
wer
s
uppl
y
ener
gy
f
r
om
the
so
la
r
pa
ne
l
fr
om
each
te
st
was
cal
culat
ed
by
E
q
u
at
ion
2.
T
he
per
f
orm
ance
of
the
ve
ntil
at
ion
syst
em
wit
h
an
d
with
ou
t
ven
ti
la
ti
on
is
s
how
n
in
Table
4
-
7
wh
il
e the
p
e
rfo
rm
ance en
er
gy
supp
ly
pro
vide
d by the
so
la
r
pan
el
is
sho
w
i
n
Ta
ble
8
-
10.
P=V
2/R
(Resi
s
tor use
d
as
a lo
ad)
(2)
Table
4
.
A
ver
a
ge
te
m
per
at
ur
e
(
f
r
on
t a
nd
bac
k das
hboard
)
i
n diff
e
re
nt d
ay
s
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
3
p
m
Te
m
p
e
rature
(
0
C)
Day
1
3
8
.3
5
0
.5
6
1
.7
6
6
.0
6
5
.6
Te
m
p
e
rature
(
0
C)
Day
2
3
9
.2
5
0
.4
6
2
.3
6
4
.7
6
3
.0
Table
5
.
A
ver
a
ge
te
m
per
at
ur
e
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
3
p
m
Av
erage T
e
m
p
er
at
u
re
(
0
C)
3
8
.8
5
0
.5
6
2
.0
6
5
.6
6
4
.3
Table
6
.
A
ver
a
ge
te
m
per
at
ur
e
(
f
r
on
t a
nd
bac
k das
hboard
)
i
n diff
e
re
nt d
ay
s
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
3
p
m
Te
m
p
e
rature
(
0
C)
Day
1
4
1
.9
4
7
.1
5
2
.3
5
9
.4
5
6
.7
Te
m
p
e
rature
(
0
C)
Day
2
3
9
.7
4
5
.2
5
1
.8
5
6
.0
5
4
.3
Table
7
.
A
ver
a
ge
te
m
per
at
ur
e
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
3
p
m
Av
erage T
e
m
p
er
at
u
re
(
0
C)
4
0
.8
4
6
.2
5
2
.1
5
7
.7
5
5
.5
Table
8.
So
la
r panel is
d
ire
ct
ly
ex
pose
d
t
o
s
un
li
ght
(to
p
r
oof
)
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
Vo
ltag
e (
V)
1
4
.43
1
6
.61
1
8
.27
1
7
.35
Po
wer
(
W
)
4
.43
5
.87
7
.10
6
.40
Table
9
.
So
la
r panel is
cover
e
d (fro
nt
dashb
oa
rd)
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
Vo
ltag
e (
V)
9
.04
1
3
.69
1
5
.85
1
4
.15
Po
wer
(
W
)
1
.74
4
.00
5
.35
4
.26
Table
10
.
S
olar
p
a
nel is c
ov
e
r
ed (bac
k das
hboard)
Ti
m
e
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
Vo
ltag
e (
V)
2
.35
2
.93
5
.46
4
.24
Po
wer
(
W
)
0
.12
0
.18
0
.63
0
.38
4.2
.
Analysis
Figure
10
sho
w
the
a
ve
rag
e
tem
per
at
ur
e
ve
rsu
s
tim
e
fo
r
with
a
nd
with
ou
t
ve
ntil
at
or
s.
The
re
wa
s
a
change
i
n
te
m
per
at
ur
e
flo
w
s
ta
rted
at
11.00
a
m
ti
ll
3.
00pm.
T
he
rise
of
te
m
per
at
ur
e
insi
de
the
car
de
pe
nd
s
on
the inten
sit
y
of the r
a
diati
on of the su
nlig
ht.
I
n order
to
a
vo
i
d
la
ck
of acc
uracy
o
f
t
he
c
ollec
ti
on
data, eac
h
te
s
t
has bee
n done
for
tw
o days
w
her
e
the cli
m
ate
nea
rly
si
m
il
a
r.
T
he
te
m
per
at
ur
e
r
ea
dings
w
ere take
n
a
ve
ra
gely
.
On
s
unny
day,
the
tem
per
at
ur
e
inside
the
c
ab
in
of
the
car
sta
rted
rise
gradu
al
ly
at
aro
und
11.00
am
and
reache
d
m
axim
u
m
at
aro
und
1.0
0
pm
t
o
2pm
,
then
again
sta
rts
to
de
crease
as
tim
e
el
apses.
Re
fe
rr
e
d
to
the
grap
h,
the
highest
a
ver
a
ge
tem
per
at
ur
e
inside
t
he
ca
r
duri
ng
pea
k
ti
m
e
was
obser
ve
d
at
2.00
pm
.
I
t
sta
te
that
the
m
axim
u
m
aver
age
tem
per
at
ure
without
us
in
g
ve
ntil
at
or
s
w
as
65.
60C
w
he
reas
th
e
m
axi
m
u
m
tem
per
at
ur
e
observ
e
d
by
usi
ng
ve
ntil
at
or
s
w
as
57.7oC.
T
hus,
it
sh
owe
d
that
there
was
a
reducti
on
betwee
n
the
m
axi
m
u
m
aver
a
ge
te
m
pe
ratur
e
s
of
bot
h
te
sts
wh
ic
h
wa
s
about
7.90
C. It
m
eans
that
t
he
ve
ntil
at
ion
syst
e
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1
2
1
1
–
1
2
2
1
1220
pro
vid
es
a
bout
12
%
reducti
on
of
te
m
per
at
ur
e
com
par
ed
t
o
the
car
with
ou
t
any
ven
ti
la
ti
on
syst
em
.
Hen
ce,
the
heat g
ai
n
i
n
the
car was
re
du
c
ed
a
fter the
im
plem
entat
ion
of the
v
e
ntil
at
ion
syst
em
.
Figure
10. A
ve
rag
e
tem
per
at
ur
e
ver
s
us
ti
m
e
Figure
11
sho
w
the
powe
r
ve
rsu
s
ti
m
e
fo
r
energy
supp
ly
pro
vid
e
d
by
th
e
so
la
r
pa
nel.
The
rati
ng
powe
r
of
s
olar
pan
el
for
eac
h
te
st
was
sli
gh
t
ly
diff
ere
nt.
T
his
is
beca
us
e
the
posit
ion
of
the
so
la
r
pa
ne
l
that
has
bee
n
car
ried
in
each
te
s
t
was
i
m
ple
m
ented
in
diff
e
r
ent
places.
T
he
m
axi
m
u
m
a
m
ou
nt
energy
was
pro
du
ce
d
duri
ng
the
te
sts
at
peak
ti
m
e
wh
ic
h
was
at
1pm
.
In
te
st
1,
when
the
so
la
r
pa
nel
was
place
d
at
top
roof of t
he
car
,
it
w
as
directl
y ex
posed
to
s
unli
gh
t
ra
diati
on.
Hen
ce
,
the
so
l
ar
pa
nel
can
r
ecei
ve
m
axi
m
um
a
m
ou
nt
of
rad
ia
ti
on
of
the
sunli
ght.
In
these
te
sts,
a
resist
or,
47Ω
was
us
ed
a
s
th
e
load
w
hich
is
const
ant.
T
he
load
was
c
onne
ct
ed
pa
rall
el
with
the
s
olar
pan
el
i
n
order
to
m
easur
e
the
volt
age
r
at
in
g.
A
m
ultim
et
er
was
us
e
d
to
m
easur
e
t
he
rati
ng.
Du
e
to
the
Eq
u
at
io
n
2,
t
he
powe
r
m
easur
e
d
at
peak ti
m
e
was reache
d
a
bout
7.1
W.
Fo
r
the
te
st
of
so
la
r
pa
nel
c
ov
e
re
d,
t
her
e
wer
e
t
wo
co
ndit
ion
s
nee
de
d
to
f
ulfill
f
or
the
te
st
to
be
cond
ucted.
At
first
c
onditi
on,
t
h
e
s
olar
pa
nel
was
place
d
in
the
ca
r
at
the
f
r
on
t
das
hboa
rd.
Ba
se
d
on
the
Figure
11,
it
m
entione
d
that
the
powe
r
pro
duced
is
ab
ou
t
5.35W
at
peak
tim
e.
In
seco
nd
co
nd
it
io
n,
th
e
so
la
r
pan
el
is
posit
io
ned at t
he bac
k das
hboa
rd.
It s
howe
d
that t
he solar
pa
nel w
a
s prod
uce
0.63W at the
pea
k t
i
m
e.
In
com
par
iso
n
betwee
n
the
s
upply
e
nergy
f
r
om
the
so
la
r
pa
nel
in
so
la
r
pa
nel
is
directl
y
ex
po
s
ed
t
o
su
nli
gh
t
an
d
s
olar
pa
nel
is
cov
e
re
d
the
so
l
ar
panel
has
pote
ntial
to
colle
ct
m
axi
m
u
m
a
m
ou
nt
of
sun
li
gh
t.
It
was
e
xpos
e
d
d
irect
ly
to
s
unli
gh
t
in
a
ny
a
ng
le
s
with
out
any
s
had
e
or
sh
a
dow.
Me
a
nwhile
in
s
olar
pa
nel
cov
e
re
d,
it
ca
nnot
t
rap
m
axim
u
m
a
m
ou
nt
of
s
un
li
ght
beca
us
e
it
was
blo
c
ked
by
sh
a
dow
or
s
ha
de
by
th
e
body
par
t
of
the
car
.
I
n
fact,
the
s
unli
gh
t
nee
de
d
t
o
penet
rate
the
wind
ows
befo
re
it
reac
h
to
t
he
s
olar
pa
nel.
Thes
e
are s
om
e factor
s that a
ff
ect
th
e pro
duct
ion o
f
pow
e
r
s
upply
energy.
Figure
11. Po
w
er
ver
s
us
ti
m
e
0
20
40
60
80
A
v
er
a
g
e
t
emp
er
a
t
u
r
e
(
0
C)
T
i
m
e
(
ho
ur
)
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
t
e
m
per
a
t
ur
e
v
s
t
i
m
e
W
it
h
o
u
t
v
e
n
t
ila
t
o
r
s
W
it
h
v
e
n
t
ila
t
o
r
s
0
2
4
6
8
1
1
a
m
1
2
p
m
1
p
m
2
p
m
Pow
er
(W)
Tim
e
(h)
Pow
er
vs
Tim
e
Top
r
o
o
f
Fr
o
n
t
d
ashbo
ard
Back
das
h
b
o
ar
d
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