I
nd
o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
25
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
2
2
,
p
p
.
59
~
67
I
SS
N:
2
5
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4
7
5
2
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijeecs.v
25
.i
1
.
pp
59
-
67
59
J
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:
h
ttp
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//ij
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cs.ia
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m
Para
meter
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driv
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tion a
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o
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a
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a
n
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nfo
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ticle
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to
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y:
R
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eiv
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J
u
l
25
,
2
0
2
1
R
ev
is
ed
No
v
12
,
2
0
2
1
Acc
ep
ted
No
v
23
,
2
0
2
1
Da
ta
-
d
riv
e
n
fa
u
lt
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
d
iag
n
o
sis
sy
ste
m
(F
DD
)
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
p
ro
v
e
n
a
s
sim
p
le
y
e
t
p
o
we
rfu
l
to
id
e
n
ti
fy
s
o
ft
a
n
d
a
b
ru
p
t
fa
u
l
ts
in
t
h
e
a
ir
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
in
g
sy
ste
m
,
lea
d
in
g
to
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n
e
rg
y
sa
v
i
n
g
.
Ho
we
v
e
r,
t
h
e
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
is
to
o
b
tai
n
re
li
a
b
le
o
p
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ra
ti
o
n
d
a
ta
fro
m
t
h
e
a
c
tu
a
l
b
u
il
d
in
g
.
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e
re
fo
re
,
a
la
b
-
sc
a
led
c
e
n
tralize
d
c
h
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led
wa
ter
a
ir
c
o
n
d
it
io
n
in
g
sy
ste
m
wa
s
su
c
c
e
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ll
y
d
e
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e
lo
p
e
d
in
th
is
p
a
p
e
r.
All
n
e
c
e
ss
a
ry
se
n
so
rs
we
re
in
sta
ll
e
d
t
o
g
e
n
e
ra
t
e
re
li
a
b
le
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
d
a
ta
fo
r
t
h
e
d
a
ta
-
d
r
iv
e
n
F
DD
.
Ne
v
e
rth
e
les
s,
if
a
p
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
sy
ste
m
is
c
o
n
sid
e
re
d
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
se
n
s
o
r
s
re
q
u
ired
wo
u
ld
b
e
e
x
te
n
siv
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a
s
it
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e
p
e
n
d
s
o
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t
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u
m
b
e
r
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f
r
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m
s
i
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th
e
b
u
il
d
in
g
.
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n
c
e
,
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
imp
a
c
t
in
th
e
d
a
tas
e
t
we
re
a
lso
in
v
e
stig
a
ted
to
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d
e
n
ti
f
y
c
rit
ica
l
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
fo
r
fa
u
l
t
c
las
sifica
ti
o
n
s.
T
h
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
re
su
l
ts
h
a
d
i
d
e
n
ti
f
ied
f
o
u
r
c
rit
ica
l
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
fo
r
d
a
ta
-
d
riv
e
n
F
DD
:
th
e
r
o
o
m
s'
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
(T
T
C
x
),
s
u
p
p
li
e
d
c
h
il
l
e
d
wa
ter
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
(T
C
HW
S
),
su
p
p
li
e
d
c
h
il
led
wa
ter
flo
w
ra
te
(V
C
HW
S
)
a
n
d
su
p
p
li
e
d
c
o
o
led
wa
ter
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
(T
C
W
S
).
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su
lt
s
sh
o
we
d
th
a
t
t
h
e
d
a
ta
-
d
r
i
v
e
n
F
DD
su
c
c
e
ss
f
u
ll
y
d
iag
n
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se
d
a
ll
six
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s
c
o
rre
c
tl
y
wi
th
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
fo
r
m
o
re
th
a
n
9
2
.
3
%
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
;
o
n
ly
0
.
6
-
3
.
4
%
d
iffere
d
fro
m
th
e
o
rig
i
n
a
l
d
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tas
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t'
s
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
.
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e
re
fo
re
,
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
c
a
n
re
d
u
c
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
se
n
so
rs
u
se
d
f
o
r
p
r
a
c
ti
c
a
l
b
u
il
d
i
n
g
s,
t
h
u
s
re
d
u
c
in
g
i
n
sta
ll
a
ti
o
n
c
o
sts with
o
u
t
c
o
m
p
ro
m
isin
g
t
h
e
F
DD
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Acc
u
r
ac
y
Air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
Data
-
d
r
iv
en
FDD
Par
am
eter
s
s
elec
tio
n
Stan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
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n
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
No
o
r
Asy
ik
in
Su
laim
an
C
en
tr
e
f
o
r
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
R
esear
ch
&
I
n
n
o
v
atio
n
(
C
eT
R
I
)
Fak
u
lti
Keju
r
u
ter
aa
n
E
lek
t
r
o
n
i
k
an
d
Keju
r
u
ter
aa
n
Ko
m
p
u
ter
(
FKEK
K)
Un
iv
er
s
iti T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
lay
s
ia
Me
lak
a
(
UT
eM
)
Han
g
T
u
ah
J
ay
a,
7
6
1
0
0
Du
r
ia
n
T
u
n
g
g
al,
Me
lak
a,
Ma
lay
s
ia
E
m
ail: n
o
o
r
_
asy
ik
in
@
u
tem
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Fau
lts
in
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
esp
ec
ially
s
o
f
t
f
au
lts
,
ar
e
h
ar
d
to
d
etec
t.
E
v
en
a
r
eg
u
lar
ly
m
ain
tain
ed
b
u
ild
in
g
m
ay
s
u
f
f
er
f
r
o
m
s
o
f
t
f
au
lts
with
o
u
t
r
ea
lis
in
g
it
[
1
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
f
au
lt
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
is
(
FDD)
p
lay
s
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
r
o
le
in
b
u
ild
in
g
en
er
g
y
s
av
in
g
s
.
Su
cc
ess
f
u
l
FDD
ca
n
s
av
e
u
p
to
4
0
%
o
f
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
2
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
FDD
m
eth
o
d
s
is
m
o
d
el
-
b
ased
FDD,
wh
ich
r
elies
o
n
m
ath
em
atica
l
m
o
d
ellin
g
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
d
et
ailed
p
h
y
s
ical
m
o
d
ellin
g
d
er
i
v
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
r
in
cip
le
m
eth
o
d
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
ac
cu
r
ate
way
to
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
3
]
-
[
5
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
s
in
ce
th
e
s
y
s
tem
its
elf
is
a
co
m
p
lex
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
m
ath
em
atica
l
m
o
d
ellin
g
is
co
m
p
lex
an
d
r
e
q
u
ir
es
d
etailed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
an
d
is
ch
all
e
n
g
in
g
t
o
d
er
i
v
e
[
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
25
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
20
22
:
59
-
67
60
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
s
im
p
lifie
d
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
ellin
g
u
s
in
g
a
lu
m
p
ed
p
ar
am
ete
r
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
ar
e
s
i
m
p
l
e
r
t
o
d
e
r
i
v
e
.
H
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
f
a
u
lt
m
o
d
e
l
s
o
f
a
i
r
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
is
s
t
i
ll
l
i
m
i
t
e
d
[
9
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
r
e
aso
n
s
was
th
at
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
ellin
g
s
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
u
s
,
s
o
m
e
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
m
ad
e
t
o
u
s
e
in
o
th
e
r
ty
p
es o
f
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
.
R
e
c
e
n
t
l
y
,
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
a
r
e
e
x
p
l
o
r
i
n
g
m
o
r
e
o
n
d
a
t
a
-
d
r
i
v
e
n
F
D
D
d
u
e
t
o
i
t
s
s
i
m
p
l
e
y
e
t
r
e
l
i
a
b
l
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
.
T
h
i
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
h
a
s
g
a
i
n
e
d
m
u
c
h
i
n
t
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e
s
t
a
m
o
n
g
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
i
n
m
a
n
y
a
r
e
a
s
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
i
n
a
i
r
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
[
1
0
]
-
[
1
4
]
,
p
o
wer
g
en
er
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
[
1
5
]
-
[
1
9
]
a
n
d
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
is
s
im
p
le
to
d
ev
elo
p
b
ec
au
s
e
it
o
n
ly
r
e
q
u
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es
h
is
to
r
ical
d
ata
to
tr
ain
an
d
v
alid
ate
its
o
p
er
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n
al
d
ata.
T
h
u
s
,
it
is
ea
s
y
to
d
ev
elo
p
,
b
u
t
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
f
au
lt
-
f
r
ee
tr
ain
i
n
g
d
ata
to
class
if
y
o
th
er
f
au
lts
.
Oth
er
wis
e,
th
e
class
if
ier
m
o
d
el
wo
u
ld
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
f
au
lts
as th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
o
p
er
atin
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e.
C
u
r
r
en
t
FDD
tr
en
d
s
f
o
r
air
c
o
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
on
ly
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
in
d
iv
id
u
al
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ch
iller
as
in
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
4
]
,
[
2
2
]
,
an
d
air
h
a
n
d
lin
g
u
n
it
(
AHU)
as
in
[
2
3
]
-
[
2
7
]
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
n
o
FDD
r
esear
ch
co
n
s
id
er
s
f
au
lts
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
en
t
ir
e
air
-
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
ev
en
th
o
u
g
h
all
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
ar
e
in
ter
co
n
n
e
cted
[
9
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
f
au
lts
in
o
n
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
m
ay
a
f
f
ec
t
o
th
e
r
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
'
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
b
y
co
m
b
i
n
in
g
f
au
lts
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
en
tire
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
FDD
s
y
s
tem
to
d
iag
n
o
s
e
with
co
r
r
ec
t f
au
lts
ca
n
b
e
an
aly
s
ed
.
T
o
f
ill
u
p
th
is
g
ap
,
C
h
en
[
2
8
]
h
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
FDD
u
s
in
g
th
e
B
ay
esian
n
etwo
r
k
(
B
N)
f
o
r
th
e
wh
o
le
b
u
ild
in
g
f
a
u
lt,
in
clu
d
in
g
f
au
lt
s
ac
r
o
s
s
ch
iller
,
AHU,
an
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
s
ch
ed
u
le.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
d
o
es
n
o
t
co
v
er
f
au
lts
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
co
o
lin
g
to
wer
,
wh
ich
is
also
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
h
is
r
esear
ch
is
th
at
s
o
m
e
f
au
lts
m
ay
n
o
t
b
e
id
en
tif
ied
u
n
d
e
r
ce
r
tain
wea
th
er
,
o
p
er
atio
n
,
o
r
in
ter
n
al
lo
ad
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
it is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
b
i
g
g
est ch
allen
g
e
s
f
o
r
d
ata
-
d
r
i
v
en
FDD
in
th
e
ac
tu
al
b
u
ild
in
g
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
an
y
c
h
allen
g
es
to
o
b
tain
in
g
r
eliab
le
f
a
u
lt
-
f
r
ee
an
d
f
au
lts
o
p
er
atio
n
d
ata
in
th
e
ac
tu
al
bu
ild
in
g
.
Firstl
y
,
th
e
in
itial
b
u
ild
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
d
ata
m
ig
h
t
d
if
f
er
f
r
o
m
th
o
s
e
ap
p
lied
late
r
in
th
e
b
u
ild
i
n
g
'
s
life
tim
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
ex
t
er
n
al
f
ac
to
r
s
,
s
u
ch
as
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
u
s
ag
e
p
atter
n
s
,
m
ay
v
ar
y
th
e
r
esu
lts
as
in
[
2
8
]
.
I
t
is
also
a
ch
allen
g
e
t
o
s
im
u
late
f
a
u
lts
in
ac
tu
al
b
u
il
d
in
g
s
as
it
m
a
y
d
is
tu
r
b
th
e
th
e
r
m
al
co
m
f
o
r
t o
f
t
h
e
o
cc
u
p
an
ts
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
o
u
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
in
[
1
3
]
,
[
2
9
]
,
we
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
a
lab
-
s
ca
led
ch
illed
wate
r
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
d
ata
was
u
s
ed
to
d
ev
elo
p
t
h
r
ee
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
els
as
in
[
1
3
]
:
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
v
ec
t
o
r
m
ac
h
in
e
(
SV
M)
an
d
m
u
lti
-
lay
er
p
e
r
ce
p
tr
o
n
(
ML
P)
f
o
r
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
FDD
o
f
th
e
e
n
tire
s
y
s
tem
f
au
lts
.
I
t
co
v
er
s
th
e
en
tire
s
y
s
tem
f
au
lts
,
wh
ich
ar
e
f
a
u
lts
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
ch
iller
,
AHU,
an
d
th
e
co
o
lin
g
to
wer
.
R
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
th
at
all
m
o
d
el
s
wer
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
id
en
tifie
d
all
f
au
lts
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
th
an
9
5
%.
D
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
,
S
V
M
a
n
d
M
L
P
a
r
e
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
w
i
d
e
l
y
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
ic
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
s
es
.
F
o
r
i
n
s
t
a
n
c
e
,
d
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
w
a
s
s
u
c
ce
s
s
f
u
l
ly
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
s
F
D
D
i
n
T
e
n
n
es
s
ee
E
a
s
t
m
a
n
(
T
E
)
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
a
s
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
i
n
[
3
0
]
.
R
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
el
out
s
h
in
e
s
th
e
o
th
er
f
i
v
e
class
if
ier
m
o
d
els.
L
ik
ewi
s
e,
Yan
et
a
l.
[
3
1
]
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SVM
a
s
FDD
in
th
e
ch
iller
s
y
s
tem
.
SVM
also
s
h
o
ws
th
e
h
ig
h
est
ac
cu
r
ac
y
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
o
th
er
m
eth
o
d
s
in
d
etec
tin
g
b
r
ea
s
t
ca
n
ce
r
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
3
]
.
Me
a
n
wh
ile,
ML
P
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
d
iag
n
o
s
ed
b
lad
d
e
r
ca
n
ce
r
an
d
p
r
e
d
icted
f
a
u
lts
in
y
ac
h
t
h
y
d
r
o
d
y
n
am
ics,
as p
o
r
tr
ay
e
d
in
[
3
4
]
,
[
3
5
]
.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
th
e
FDD
in
[
1
3
]
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
d
iag
n
o
s
ed
t
h
e
f
au
lts
,
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
an
y
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
ac
tu
al
b
u
ild
i
n
g
s
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
m
o
s
t
air
c
o
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
in
n
o
n
-
r
esid
en
tial
b
u
ild
in
g
s
h
av
e
a
lim
ited
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
a
n
d
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
m
wer
e
in
s
talled
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l
p
u
r
p
o
s
es
o
n
ly
[
6
]
.
Hen
ce
,
it
n
ee
d
s
a
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
s
t
to
ad
d
m
o
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
m
et
h
o
d
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
d
ata
c
o
ll
ec
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
m
o
r
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
th
e
d
ata
s
et,
th
e
b
etter
FDD
ac
cu
r
ac
y
will
b
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
,
a
n
d
th
e
b
ig
g
er
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
,
th
e
m
o
r
e
pa
r
am
et
er
s
will b
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
i
t
i
s
es
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
t
o
id
e
n
t
i
f
y
t
h
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
o
n
t
h
e
i
r
a
b
i
li
t
y
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
f
a
u
l
ts
.
T
he
u
n
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
c
a
n
b
e
e
l
i
m
i
n
a
t
e
d
t
o
r
e
d
u
c
e
t
h
e
i
n
s
t
a
ll
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
s
t
wi
t
h
o
u
t
c
o
m
p
r
o
m
i
s
i
n
g
F
D
D
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
c
a
n
s
t
il
l
a
v
o
i
d
u
n
n
e
c
es
s
a
r
y
e
n
er
g
y
w
a
s
t
a
g
e
w
i
t
h
s
m
a
l
le
r
i
n
s
t
a
ll
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
s
t
s
.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
ea
ch
p
ar
am
eter
in
FDD
w
as
in
v
esti
g
ated
to
id
en
tif
y
t
h
e
cr
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
New
d
ataset
co
m
b
in
atio
n
s
wer
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
b
ased
o
n
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
iatio
n
an
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
v
alu
es.
E
ac
h
co
m
b
in
atio
n
was
th
en
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
d
ee
p
lea
r
n
in
g
,
SVM
an
d
ML
P
m
o
d
el
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
in
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cr
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
wa
s
th
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l
d
ataset
in
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
e
r
w
as
wr
itten
in
f
o
u
r
s
ec
tio
n
s
,
wh
er
e
s
o
m
e
r
esear
ch
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
te
d
in
s
ec
tio
n
1
.
T
h
en
,
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
is
p
r
esen
ted
ca
r
ef
u
lly
in
s
ec
tio
n
2
.
I
t
in
clu
d
es
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
f
a
u
lt
s
im
u
latio
n
o
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
an
d
th
e
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
o
f
ea
ch
p
ar
am
eter
’
s
im
p
ac
t
.
S
ec
tio
n
3
elab
o
r
ates th
e
o
u
tco
m
e
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
i
n
d
etail
.
L
ast
ly
,
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
ar
e
wr
itt
en
u
p
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
4
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
ex
p
lain
s
th
e
r
esear
ch
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
I
t
in
v
o
lv
es
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
an
d
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
T
h
e
l
a
b
-
s
c
al
e
d
s
y
s
t
em
w
a
s
d
e
v
el
o
p
e
d
t
o
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
r
e
li
a
b
l
e
d
at
a
f
o
r
t
h
e
F
D
D
.
W
h
e
r
e
a
s
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
s
o
f
s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
d
e
v
i
at
i
o
n
a
n
d
a
cc
u
r
a
c
y
w
e
r
e
u
s
e
d
t
o
i
n
v
e
s
t
i
g
at
e
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
g
e
n
e
r
at
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
P
a
r
a
mete
r
s
elec
tio
n
in
d
a
ta
-
d
r
iven
fa
u
lt d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
is
o
f th
e
a
ir
…
(
N
o
o
r
A
s
yikin
S
u
la
ima
n
)
61
2
.
1
.
L
a
b sca
le
d
o
f
ce
ntr
a
lis
e
d c
hil
led w
a
t
er
a
ir
co
nd
it
io
n
ing
s
y
s
t
em
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
lab
-
s
ca
le
d
s
y
s
tem
d
ev
elo
p
ed
i
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
as
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
I
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
ch
iller
,
co
o
lin
g
t
o
wer
,
AHU,
an
d
two
r
o
o
m
s
to
r
ep
licate
a
n
ac
tu
al
ce
n
tr
ali
s
ed
ch
illed
wate
r
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
c
h
iller
u
s
ed
is
a
r
ea
d
y
-
m
a
d
e
c
h
iller
s
y
s
tem
eq
u
i
p
p
ed
with
a
ch
ill
ed
wate
r
tan
k
,
an
d
th
e
co
o
lin
g
to
wer
is
d
esig
n
ed
as
a
co
u
n
ter
f
lo
w
ty
p
e.
T
h
e
A
HU
s
y
s
tem
h
as
a
co
o
lin
g
co
il,
a
f
an
,
s
u
p
p
ly
an
d
r
etu
r
n
d
u
cts
f
o
r
ea
ch
r
o
o
m
,
a
n
d
d
am
p
er
s
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
f
an
ca
n
b
e
v
ar
ie
d
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
u
p
p
lied
air
f
lo
w
r
ate.
T
h
e
r
o
o
m
s
wer
e
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
b
y
i
n
s
u
lated
b
o
ar
d
an
d
p
o
ly
-
ca
r
b
o
n
ate,
an
d
ea
ch
o
f
th
em
s
izes
2
.
4
×1
.
2
×
1
.
6
m
.
Fiv
e
b
u
lb
s
r
at
ed
1
0
0
w
att
ea
ch
was
in
s
talled
in
ea
ch
r
o
o
m
to
s
im
u
late
h
e
at
f
r
o
m
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
an
d
o
cc
u
p
an
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
o
f
th
e
ch
illed
wate
r
s
y
s
tem
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
a
s
et
o
f
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
an
d
s
elf
-
co
n
tain
ed
eq
u
ip
m
en
t.
I
t
h
as
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
p
latf
o
r
m
to
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ate
th
e
co
o
lin
g
t
o
wer
,
wate
r
-
co
o
le
d
ch
iller
,
an
d
AHU
s
y
s
tem
.
T
wo
r
o
o
m
s
w
er
e
in
s
talled
n
ex
t
t
o
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
p
latf
o
r
m
.
Fo
u
r
l
o
ck
ab
le
ca
s
to
r
wh
ee
ls
wer
e
m
o
u
n
ted
at
th
e
b
o
tto
m
o
f
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
r
ea
s
y
m
o
b
ilizatio
n
.
T
h
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
is
6
4
cm
(
W
)
×
1
5
0
cm
(
L
)
×
1
7
0
cm
(
H)
.
A
co
n
tr
o
l
b
o
a
r
d
is
u
s
ed
t
o
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
o
p
er
ate
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
was
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
f
o
u
r
tee
n
s
en
s
o
r
s
:
th
er
m
o
c
o
u
p
le
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
wate
r
f
lo
w
r
ate
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
air
f
lo
w
r
ate
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
s
en
s
o
r
,
a
n
d
th
e
d
etails
o
f
ea
ch
s
en
s
o
r
an
d
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
wer
e
tab
u
lated
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
co
ef
f
icien
t
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
(
C
OP)
was
also
an
aly
ze
d
an
d
p
r
esen
ted
in
Su
laim
an
et
a
l.
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
C
OPs
r
ed
u
ce
wh
en
th
e
s
y
s
tem
h
as f
au
lts
,
wh
ich
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t w
ith
th
e
r
esu
lts
en
er
g
y
au
d
it o
f
t
h
e
ac
tu
al
s
y
s
tem
p
r
esen
ted
in
Oth
m
a
n
et
a
l.
[
1
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
L
is
t o
f
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
th
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
S
e
n
s
o
r
T
y
p
e
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
Te
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
se
n
s
o
r
T
T
C1
=
A
i
r
t
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
i
n
R
o
o
m
1
T
T
C2
=
A
i
r
t
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
i
n
R
o
o
m
2
T
S1
=
A
i
r
t
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
a
t
d
u
c
t
i
n
g
R
o
o
m 1
T
S2
=
A
i
r
t
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
a
t
d
u
c
t
i
n
g
R
o
o
m 2
T
CH
WS
=
S
u
p
p
l
i
e
d
c
h
i
l
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
T
CH
WR
=
R
e
t
u
r
n
e
d
c
h
i
l
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
T
CWS
=
S
u
p
p
l
i
e
d
c
o
o
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
t
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
T
CWR
=
R
e
t
u
r
n
e
d
c
o
o
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
A
i
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
se
n
s
o
r
V
S1
=
A
i
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
a
t
d
u
c
t
i
n
g
R
o
o
m
1
V
S2
=
A
i
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
a
t
d
u
c
t
i
n
g
R
o
o
m
2
W
a
t
e
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
se
n
s
o
r
V
CH
WS
=
S
u
p
p
l
i
e
d
c
h
i
l
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
V
CH
WR
=
R
e
t
u
r
n
e
d
c
h
i
l
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
V
CWS
=
S
u
p
p
l
i
e
d
c
o
o
l
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
se
n
s
o
r
C
CH
=
C
o
m
p
r
e
ss
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
All
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
T
ab
le
1
was
lo
g
g
ed
d
u
r
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
s
im
u
latio
n
s
in
t
h
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
s
im
u
la
ted
as
d
escr
ib
e
d
in
T
ab
le
2
,
t
h
e
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
ty
p
e
o
f
f
a
u
lts
wer
e
also
p
o
r
tr
ay
e
d
in
th
e
tab
le.
I
t
i
n
clu
d
es
f
i
v
e
f
a
u
lts
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
e
n
tire
s
y
s
tem
an
d
o
n
e
n
o
r
m
al
with
o
u
t
f
a
u
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
r
e
e
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
i
n
g
m
o
d
el
s
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
class
if
y
all
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
as
d
escr
ib
ed
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
ettin
g
f
o
r
ea
ch
m
o
d
el
is
d
is
p
lay
ed
i
n
th
e
tab
le.
All
class
if
ier
m
o
d
els
h
av
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
id
en
tifie
d
all
co
n
d
itio
n
s
as
p
r
esen
ted
in
Su
laim
an
et
a
l.
[
1
3
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
25
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
20
22
:
59
-
67
62
T
ab
le
2
.
L
is
t o
f
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
s
im
u
lated
in
th
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
[
1
3
]
C
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
Lo
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
a
u
l
t
Ty
p
e
o
f
f
a
u
l
t
N
o
r
mal
(
n
o
-
f
a
u
l
t
)
--
--
Ev
a
p
o
r
a
t
o
r
C
l
o
g
g
i
n
g
C
h
i
l
l
e
r
S
o
f
t
C
o
m
p
r
e
ss
o
r
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
C
h
i
l
l
e
r
A
b
r
u
p
t
C
o
o
l
i
n
g
To
w
e
r
F
a
n
F
a
u
l
t
y
C
o
o
l
i
n
g
To
w
e
r
S
o
f
t
D
a
mp
e
r
S
t
u
c
k
AHU
S
o
f
t
A
i
r
D
u
c
t
i
n
g
L
e
a
k
a
g
e
AHU
S
o
f
t
T
ab
le
3
.
Simu
latio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
[
1
3
]
M
o
d
e
l
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
e
t
t
i
n
g
D
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
A
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
h
i
d
d
e
n
l
a
y
e
r
:
si
g
m
o
i
d
A
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
l
a
y
e
r
:
so
f
t
m
a
x
O
p
t
i
mi
z
a
t
i
o
n
:
s
t
o
c
h
a
st
i
c
g
r
a
d
i
e
n
t
d
e
s
c
e
n
t
(SGD)
S
V
M
K
e
r
n
e
l
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
:
p
o
l
y
k
e
r
n
e
l
M
LP
A
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
:
si
g
m
o
i
d
2
.
2
.
P
a
ra
m
et
er
s
elec
t
io
n
Ou
t
o
f
f
o
u
r
tee
n
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
s
ix
wer
e
in
s
talled
in
th
e
two
r
o
o
m
s
,
th
r
ee
s
en
s
o
r
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
r
o
o
m
.
I
f
a
p
r
ac
tical
s
y
s
tem
is
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
w
o
u
ld
b
e
ex
ten
s
iv
e
as
it
d
e
p
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
i
n
th
e
ac
tu
al
b
u
ild
in
g
.
I
n
o
th
er
wo
r
d
s
,
m
o
r
e
co
s
t
is
n
ee
d
ed
as
th
r
ee
s
en
s
o
r
s
ar
e
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
f
o
r
ea
ch
r
o
o
m
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
it
is
ess
en
tial
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
th
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
cla
s
s
if
y
in
g
th
e
f
au
lts
.
I
n
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
en
s
o
r
s
ca
n
b
e
elim
in
ated
to
r
ed
u
ce
in
s
tallatio
n
co
s
ts
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
elim
in
ati
o
n
m
u
s
t
n
o
t
af
f
ec
t
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
ab
le
4
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
lis
t
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
th
eir
lo
ca
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
en
tire
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
d
ata
w
er
e
ca
teg
o
r
is
ed
in
to
two
,
Gr
o
u
p
A
an
d
Gr
o
u
p
B
.
Gr
o
u
p
A
is
a
s
et
o
f
p
a
r
am
eter
s
r
elate
d
to
th
e
r
o
o
m
s
,
a
n
d
Gr
o
u
p
B
is
a
s
et
o
f
p
ar
am
eter
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
u
n
it
.
T
ab
le
4
.
L
is
t o
f
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
s
im
u
lated
in
th
e
lab
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
G
r
o
u
p
Lo
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
G
r
o
u
p
A
(
S
e
n
s
o
r
s l
o
c
a
t
e
d
a
t
r
o
o
ms)
R
o
o
m
1
T
T
C1
T
S1
V
S1
R
o
o
m
2
T
T
C2
T
S2
V
S2
G
r
o
u
p
B
(
S
e
n
so
r
s
l
o
c
a
t
e
d
a
t
t
h
e
c
e
n
t
r
a
l
u
n
i
t
)
T
h
e
c
e
n
t
r
a
l
u
n
i
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
st
e
m
T
CH
WS
T
CH
WR
T
CWS
T
CWR
V
CH
WS
V
CH
WR
V
CWS
C
CH
I
n
g
en
e
r
al,
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ca
n
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
as
(
1
)
,
=
+
=
3
+
8
,
(
1
)
w
h
e
r
e
n
P
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
ts
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
t
o
t
a
l
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
,
n
A
is
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
f
r
o
m
G
r
o
u
p
A
,
N
ROOM
is
t
h
e
t
o
t
a
l
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
,
a
n
d
n
B
i
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
f
r
o
m
G
r
o
u
p
B
.
I
n
(
1
)
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
s
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
m
o
r
e
r
o
o
m
s
u
s
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
,
t
h
e
m
o
r
e
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
wi
l
l
i
n
c
r
e
as
e
.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
i
t
i
s
e
s
s
e
n
t
i
al
t
o
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
t
h
e
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
p
a
r
a
m
et
e
r
s
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
al
l
s
i
x
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
FD
D
.
H
e
n
c
e
i
t
c
a
n
m
i
n
i
m
i
z
e
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
u
s
e
d
i
n
a
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
al
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
n
d
e
v
e
n
t
u
a
l
l
y
r
e
d
u
c
e
t
h
e
c
o
s
t
.
T
h
e
v
a
l
u
e
s
o
f
s
ta
n
d
a
r
d
d
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
an
d
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
w
e
r
e
u
s
e
d
t
o
i
n
v
est
i
g
a
t
e
t
h
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
p
a
r
a
m
et
e
r
s
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
f
a
u
l
ts
w
it
h
o
u
t
c
o
m
p
r
o
m
i
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
e
r
s
.
2
.
3.
St
a
nd
a
rd
dev
ia
t
io
n
I
n
s
tatis
tics
,
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iat
io
n
is
u
s
ed
as
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
f
v
ar
iatio
n
in
th
e
d
ata
s
et.
A
lo
w
v
alu
e
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
ata
is
clo
s
e
to
th
e
m
ea
n
v
alu
e.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
a
h
ig
h
v
al
u
e
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
d
ata
h
as
a
b
r
o
ad
er
r
an
g
e
a
n
d
i
s
f
ar
th
er
th
an
its
m
ea
n
v
alu
e.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
iatio
n
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
id
en
tify
w
h
ich
p
a
r
am
eter
s
h
av
e
n
o
tab
l
y
ch
a
n
g
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
it
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
an
aly
s
e
th
e
im
p
ac
t o
f
p
ar
am
eter
s
elec
t
io
n
in
id
en
tify
in
g
th
e
f
au
lts
.
T
ab
le
5
s
h
o
ws th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
i
atio
n
v
alu
e
o
f
ea
ch
p
ar
am
eter
in
th
e
d
ataset.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
cr
ip
t
x
i
n
p
ar
a
m
eter
Gr
o
u
p
A
d
e
n
o
tes
th
e
r
o
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
,
w
h
er
e
x
=
1
,
2
,
…,
N
ROOM
.
T
ab
le
5
s
h
o
ws
th
at
V
S
an
d
T
CHWS
h
av
e
th
e
h
i
g
h
est
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
iatio
n
v
alu
e
f
o
r
ea
c
h
g
r
o
u
p
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
T
TC
an
d
V
CWS
h
av
e
t
h
e
lo
west
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
v
alu
es.
I
t
s
h
o
ws
th
at
p
ar
am
et
er
s
o
f
V
S
a
n
d
T
CHWS
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
ch
an
g
e
d
d
u
r
in
g
s
im
u
latio
n
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
T
TC
an
d
V
CWS
d
ata.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
h
ig
h
er
v
al
u
e
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
iatio
n
m
a
y
r
e
p
r
esen
t
a
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
ac
t
o
n
th
e
f
a
u
lt
s
im
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
er
e
is
also
a
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
P
a
r
a
mete
r
s
elec
tio
n
in
d
a
ta
-
d
r
iven
fa
u
lt d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
is
o
f th
e
a
ir
…
(
N
o
o
r
A
s
yikin
S
u
la
ima
n
)
63
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
th
at
th
e
lo
w
v
alu
e
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
was
less
cr
itical
in
f
au
lt
class
if
icatio
n
an
d
ca
n
b
e
r
em
o
v
e
d
fro
m
th
e
d
ataset.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
s
elec
tio
n
f
o
r
n
ew
d
atasets
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
A
an
d
Gr
o
u
p
B
ar
e
d
escr
ib
ed
i
n
T
a
b
le
6
an
d
T
ab
le
7
.
On
e
p
ar
am
eter
was
elim
in
ated
f
o
r
ev
er
y
d
ataset
f
o
r
m
ed
in
b
o
th
T
a
b
le
6
an
d
T
ab
le
7
.
T
h
e
d
ataset
s
wer
e
f
o
r
m
e
d
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
v
alu
es
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
5
.
Data
s
ets
in
Gr
o
u
p
A
an
d
Gr
o
u
p
B
wer
e
th
en
co
m
b
in
ed
o
n
e
b
y
o
n
e
as
(
2
)
,
=
{
1
1
;
1
2
;
…
;
2
1
;
2
2
;
…
;
}
,
(
2
)
wh
er
e
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
a
tasets
in
Gr
o
u
p
A,
an
d
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
atasets
in
Gr
o
u
p
B
.
E
ac
h
co
m
b
in
atio
n
was te
s
ted
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
all
th
r
ee
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
class
if
ier
s
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
ab
le
5
.
Stan
d
a
r
d
d
e
v
iatio
n
v
a
lu
e
f
o
r
all
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
th
e
d
a
taset
G
r
o
u
p
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
G
r
o
u
p
A
V
SX
1
0
.
0
3
T
SX
5
.
2
T
T
CX
2
.
5
7
G
r
o
u
p
B
T
CH
W
S
5
.
6
7
T
CW
R
5
.
3
1
T
CW
S
4
.
4
5
T
CH
W
R
4
.
0
3
V
CH
W
S
2
.
3
8
V
CH
W
R
1
.
8
3
C
CH
1
.
5
3
V
CW
S
1
.
2
2
T
ab
le
6
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
Gr
o
u
p
A
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
Li
st
o
f
p
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
V
Sx
, T
Sx
,
T
T
C
x
A1
V
Sx
, T
Sx
A2
T
T
Cx
, V
Sx
A3
T
T
Cx
, T
Sx
A4
V
Sx
A5
T
Sx
A6
T
T
Cx
T
ab
le
7
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
Gr
o
u
p
B
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
Li
st
o
f
p
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
, T
CH
W
R
,
V
CH
W
S
, V
C
H
W
R
,
C
CH
,
V
CW
S
B1
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
, T
CH
W
R
,
V
CH
W
S
, V
C
H
W
R
,
C
CH
B2
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
, T
CH
W
R
,
V
CH
W
S
, V
C
H
W
R
B3
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
, T
CH
W
R
,
V
CH
W
S
B4
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
, T
CH
W
R
B5
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
B6
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
B7
T
CH
W
S
2
.
4.
Acc
ura
cy
T
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
class
if
ier
was
an
aly
s
ed
wh
en
one
o
f
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
w
as
r
em
o
v
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ataset.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
class
if
ier
to
id
en
tify
a
n
d
class
if
y
th
e
f
au
lts
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
h
ig
h
er
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
o
b
tain
ed
wh
en
a
p
ar
a
m
eter
was
tak
en
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ataset
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
at
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
d
o
es
n
o
t
im
p
ac
t
th
e
f
au
lt
class
if
icatio
n
.
Ho
we
v
e
r
,
s
h
o
u
l
d
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
m
u
ch
w
h
en
t
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
was
elim
in
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ataset,
th
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
ac
ts
th
e
f
au
lt
class
if
icatio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
8
,
wh
ile
T
ab
le
9
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
elec
tio
n
f
o
r
n
ew
d
a
tasets
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
B
.
T
h
e
d
atasets
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
A
r
em
ain
u
n
c
h
an
g
e
d
,
as
in
T
ab
le
4
.
Similar
ly
,
ea
ch
d
ataset’
s
co
m
b
in
atio
n
was
test
ed
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
t
h
r
ee
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
class
if
ier
s
.
T
ab
le
8
.
T
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
c
lass
if
ier
wh
en
ea
ch
o
f
th
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
was d
elete
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
d
ataset
G
r
o
u
p
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
d
e
l
e
t
e
d
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
G
r
o
u
p
A
V
SX
9
1
.
4
%
T
T
CX
9
3
.
1
%
T
SX
9
4
.
0
%
G
r
o
u
p
B
T
CW
S
9
1
.
5
%
T
CH
W
S
9
3
.
7
%
V
CH
W
S
9
3
.
8
%
T
CW
R
9
4
.
0
%
C
CH
9
4
.
0
%
T
CH
W
R
9
4
.
1
%
V
CW
S
9
4
.
3
%
V
CH
W
R
9
4
.
5
%
T
ab
le
9
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
Gr
o
u
p
B
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
Li
st
o
f
p
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
T
CH
W
S
,
T
C
W
R
,
T
C
W
S
, T
CH
W
R
,
V
CH
W
S
, V
C
H
W
R
,
C
CH
,
V
C
W
S
B
1
1
T
CW
S
,
T
CH
W
S
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CH
W
S
,
T
CW
R
,
C
CH
,
T
CH
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R
, V
C
W
S
B
1
2
T
CW
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,
T
CH
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S
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CH
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S
,
T
CW
R
,
C
CH
,
T
CH
W
R
B
1
3
T
CW
S
,
T
CH
W
S
, V
CH
W
S
,
T
CW
R
,
C
CH
B
1
4
T
CW
S
,
T
CH
W
S
, V
CH
W
S
,
T
CW
R
B
1
5
T
CW
S
,
T
CH
W
S
, V
CH
W
S
,
C
CH
B
1
6
T
CW
S
,
T
CH
W
S
, V
CH
W
S
B
1
7
T
CW
S
,
T
CH
W
S
B
1
8
T
CW
S
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
25
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
20
22
:
59
-
67
64
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
IS
CU
SS
I
O
N
T
ab
le
1
0
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
b
est
co
m
b
in
atio
n
d
atasets
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
b
o
th
m
eth
o
d
s
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
in
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
b
in
atio
n
was
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
t
h
e
least
p
ar
am
eter
s
with
a
m
in
im
u
m
o
f
9
0
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
d
atase
t
A1
B
5
co
m
b
in
ed
d
ataset
A1
f
r
o
m
Gr
o
u
p
A
a
n
d
d
ata
s
et
B
5
f
r
o
m
Gr
o
u
p
B
.
I
t
was
th
e
b
est
co
m
b
in
atio
n
i
n
d
ataset
A1
with
a
m
in
im
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
th
at
r
ea
ch
ed
9
0
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
Data
s
et
A5
was
n
o
t
li
s
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
all
co
m
b
in
atio
n
s
with
an
y
d
atasets
Gr
o
u
p
B
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
el
o
w
9
0
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
f
o
r
ea
c
h
d
ata
s
et
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
as
in
(
1
)
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
a
r
t
o
f
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
r
o
m
Gr
o
u
p
A,
wh
ile
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
Gr
o
u
p
B.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
i
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
d
atasets
A4
B
3
,
A6
B
3
,
A4
B
1
6
,
an
d
A6
B
1
6
r
e
q
u
i
r
ed
th
e
least
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
wh
en
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
in
cr
ea
s
ed
,
as c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
e
r
s
.
T
ab
le
1
0
.
R
esu
lts
f
o
r
th
e
b
est co
m
b
in
atio
n
d
atasets
f
o
r
m
ed
M
e
t
h
o
d
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
p
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
,
n
P
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
se
n
so
r
s
f
o
r
N
r
oom
=
1
N
r
oom
=
2
N
r
oom
=
3
N
r
oom
=
4
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
d
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
A
1
B
5
2
+
3
5
7
9
11
A
2
B
5
2
+
3
5
7
9
11
A
3
B
4
2
+
4
6
8
10
12
A
4
B
3
+
5
6
7
8
9
A
6
B
3
+
5
6
7
8
9
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
A
1
B
1
6
2
+
3
5
7
9
11
A
2
B
1
7
2
+
2
4
6
8
10
A
3
B
1
6
2
+
3
5
7
9
11
A
4
B
1
6
+
3
4
5
6
7
A
6
B
1
6
+
3
4
5
6
7
B
ased
o
n
th
e
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
r
e
s
u
lts
in
T
ab
le
1
0
,
th
e
d
atasets
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
Data
s
et
A4
an
d
A6
f
o
r
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
a
n
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
s
elec
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
wer
e
id
en
tifie
d
as
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
T
ab
le
11
co
m
p
ar
es
t
h
e
class
if
icatio
n
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
o
u
r
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
y
in
[
1
3
]
wi
th
th
e
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ted
d
atasets
in
T
ab
le
1
0
:
A4
B
3
,
A6
B
3
,
A4
B
1
6
,
an
d
A6
B
1
6
.
T
h
r
ee
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
class
i
f
ier
s
:
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
v
ec
to
r
m
ac
h
in
e
(
SVM
)
,
an
d
m
u
lti
-
lay
e
r
p
er
ce
p
tr
o
n
(
MLP
),
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
a
ll
f
iv
e
d
atasets
.
T
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
ese
n
ewly
co
m
b
in
ed
d
ataset
s
was
a
b
it
les
s
er
th
an
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
d
ataset
in
[
1
3
]
,
ar
o
u
n
d
0
.
6
%
-
3
.
4
%.
No
n
eth
ele
s
s
,
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
wer
e
n
o
t m
u
ch
an
d
ar
e
s
till
r
e
liab
le
.
T
ab
le
1
1
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
r
esu
lts
b
etwe
en
th
e
o
r
i
g
in
al
d
ataset,
Data
s
et
A4
B
3
,
A6
B
3
,
A4
B
1
6
,
an
d
A6
B
1
6
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
d
a
t
a
s
e
t
[
1
3
]
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
A
4
B
3
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
A
6
B
3
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
A
4
B
1
6
D
a
t
a
s
e
t
A
6
B
1
6
C
l
a
s
si
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
D
e
e
p
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
9
4
%
9
3
.
2
%
9
1
.
8
%
9
3
.
4
%
9
2
.
3
%
S
V
M
9
7
%
9
4
.
6
%
9
4
.
3
%
9
4
.
3
%
9
3
.
6
%
M
LP
9
9
.
4
%
9
7
.
5
%
9
7
.
3
%
9
7
.
4
%
9
6
.
6
%
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
G
r
o
u
p
A
V
Sx
V
Sx
T
T
Cx
V
Sx
T
T
Cx
T
Sx
T
T
Cx
G
r
o
u
p
B
T
CH
W
S
T
CH
W
S
T
CH
W
S
T
CH
W
S
T
CH
W
S
T
CW
R
V
CH
W
S
V
CH
W
S
V
CH
W
S
V
CH
W
S
T
CW
S
T
CW
S
T
CW
S
T
CW
S
T
CW
S
T
CH
W
R
T
CH
W
R
T
CH
W
R
V
CH
W
S
T
CW
R
T
CW
R
V
CH
W
R
C
CH
V
CW
S
T
h
e
o
r
i
g
in
al
d
ataset
h
as
th
r
ee
p
ar
am
eter
s
Gr
o
u
p
A
a
n
d
ei
g
h
t
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
B
.
I
n
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
,
D
atasets
A4
B
3
an
d
A6
B
3
h
av
e
o
n
e
p
a
r
am
eter
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
A
a
n
d
f
iv
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
B
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
Gr
o
u
p
A’
s
p
ar
am
eter
is
d
if
f
er
en
t,
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
B
ar
e
th
e
s
am
e
f
o
r
b
o
th
d
atasets
.
Similar
ly
,
it
is
th
e
s
am
e
ca
s
e
f
o
r
d
atasets
A4
B
1
6
an
d
A6
B
1
6
,
wh
e
r
e
Gr
o
u
p
B
h
as
th
e
s
am
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
d
atasets
.
Fo
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
d
atasets
A4
B
1
6
an
d
A6
B
1
6
h
av
e
o
n
e
p
ar
am
et
er
f
r
o
m
Gr
o
u
p
A
an
d
th
r
ee
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
Gr
o
u
p
B.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
th
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
o
f
d
ataset
B
1
6
wer
e
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
d
ataset
B
3
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
T
CHWS
,
V
CHWS
,
an
d
T
CWS
wer
e
am
o
n
g
th
e
cr
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
Gr
o
u
p
B
to
clas
s
if
y
al
l
s
ix
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
As
f
o
r
Gr
o
u
p
A,
eith
er
T
TCx
o
r
V
Sx
ca
n
b
e
r
eg
a
r
d
ed
as
eq
u
ally
c
r
u
cial
f
o
r
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
FDD
b
ec
au
s
e
b
o
th
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
P
a
r
a
mete
r
s
elec
tio
n
in
d
a
ta
-
d
r
iven
fa
u
lt d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
is
o
f th
e
a
ir
…
(
N
o
o
r
A
s
yikin
S
u
la
ima
n
)
65
h
ad
alm
o
s
t
s
im
ilar
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
Ma
th
em
atica
lly
,
th
e
lis
t
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
a
r
am
eter
s
f
o
r
d
a
ta
-
d
r
iv
en
FDD
f
o
r
ce
n
tr
alis
ed
ch
illed
wate
r
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
wr
itt
en
as
(
3
)
,
,
=
{
,
}
(
3
)
wh
er
e
=
{
,
|
=
1
,
2
,
…
.
,
}
{
,
|
=
1
,
2
,
…
.
,
}
an
d
=
{
,
,
}
.
T
h
e
m
in
im
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
am
eter
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
id
en
tify
s
ix
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
as
d
escr
ib
ed
in
T
ab
le
10
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
,
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
(
4
)
,
=
+
3
,
(
4
)
wh
er
e
N
ROOM
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
s
tan
t
3
in
d
icate
s
th
e
th
r
e
e
cr
itical
Gr
o
u
p
B
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
wh
ic
h
ar
e
T
CHWS
,
V
CHWS
,
T
CWS
.
T
h
e
o
th
er
p
ar
am
eter
ass
o
ciate
d
with
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
is
eith
er
V
S
o
r
T
TC
.
I
n
th
is
r
ese
ar
ch
,
two
th
er
m
o
c
o
u
p
le
s
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
T
TC
,
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
ea
ch
r
o
o
m
,
wh
ile
f
o
r
th
e
air
f
lo
w
s
en
s
o
r
,
m
o
d
el
SD2
0
0
1
f
r
o
m
if
m
elec
tr
o
n
ic
was
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
V
S
.
T
h
e
p
r
ice
o
f
an
air
f
lo
w
s
en
s
o
r
is
v
er
y
m
u
c
h
h
ig
h
er
th
a
n
th
e
p
r
ice
o
f
th
e
r
m
o
co
u
p
les.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
co
s
t,
all
f
o
u
r
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
Data
s
et
A6
B
1
6
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
cr
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
to
id
en
tify
s
ix
clas
s
es o
f
f
au
lts
f
o
r
th
is
r
esear
ch
at
a
l
o
wer
co
s
t
th
a
n
D
ataset
A4
B
1
6
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
Data
s
et
A4
B
1
6
was
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
er
th
a
n
th
e
Data
s
et
A6
B
1
6
,
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
was n
o
t m
u
c
h
an
d
was sti
ll a
b
o
v
e
9
0
%.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
h
as
p
r
esen
ted
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
lab
-
s
ca
led
o
f
a
c
en
tr
alize
d
ch
illed
wate
r
air
-
c
o
n
d
itio
n
in
g
s
y
s
tem
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
ac
tu
al
s
y
s
tem
.
I
t
is
a
co
m
p
lete
s
y
s
t
em
with
a
co
o
lin
g
to
wer
,
ch
il
ler
,
AHU
an
d
two
r
o
o
m
s
.
Six
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
h
ad
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
s
im
u
lated
in
th
e
la
b
-
s
ca
led
s
y
s
tem
an
d
p
r
es
en
te
d
in
o
u
r
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
y
.
Ho
wev
er
,
if
a
p
r
ac
tical
s
y
s
tem
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
w
o
u
ld
b
e
ex
ten
s
iv
e
as
it
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
in
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
.
I
n
o
th
er
wo
r
d
s
,
m
o
r
e
co
s
t
is
n
ee
d
ed
as
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
is
in
cr
ea
s
ed
wit
h
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
r
o
o
m
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
th
is
p
ap
er
h
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cr
it
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
f
o
r
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
e
n
FDD
o
f
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
ch
illed
wate
r
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
ea
ch
p
ar
am
eter
was
id
en
tifie
d
an
d
ca
r
ef
u
lly
an
aly
ze
d
to
m
ain
tai
n
a
g
o
o
d
FDD
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
Fo
u
r
cr
itical
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
wer
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
is
p
a
p
er
:
th
e
r
o
o
m
s
’
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
T
TCx
,
s
u
p
p
lied
ch
illed
wate
r
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
T
CHWS
,
s
u
p
p
lied
ch
ille
d
wate
r
f
lo
w
r
ate,
V
CHWS
,
an
d
s
u
p
p
lied
co
o
led
w
ater
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
T
CWS
.
R
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
th
at
th
e
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
FDD
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
lly
d
iag
n
o
s
ed
all
s
ix
co
n
d
itio
n
s
with
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
ar
am
eter
s
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
th
an
9
2
.
3
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
o
n
ly
d
if
f
er
ed
b
y
0
.
6
-
3
.
4
%,
wh
ich
was
alm
o
s
t
s
im
ilar
to
o
u
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
y
.
W
ith
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
o
n
ly
c
r
itical
p
ar
am
eter
s
to
b
e
in
s
talled
in
t
h
e
ac
tu
al
b
u
ild
in
g
th
u
s
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
s
tallatio
n
co
s
t
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
ar
e
g
r
ate
f
u
l
to
C
en
tr
e
f
o
r
R
esear
ch
an
d
I
n
n
o
v
atio
n
Ma
n
ag
em
e
n
t
(
C
R
I
M)
,
Un
iv
er
s
iti
T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
lay
s
ia
Me
lak
a
(
UT
eM
)
,
Un
iv
er
s
iti
T
ek
n
o
lo
g
i
Ma
lay
s
ia
(
UT
M)
,
an
d
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
Hig
h
er
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
(
MO
HE
)
f
o
r
f
u
n
d
in
g
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
R
E
F
E
R
E
N
C
E
S
[
1
]
M
.
F
.
O
t
h
m
a
n
,
H
.
A
b
d
u
l
l
a
h
,
N
.
A
.
S
u
l
a
i
m
a
n
,
a
n
d
M
.
Y
.
H
a
ss
a
n
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
man
c
e
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
n
a
c
t
u
a
l
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
a
i
r
-
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
i
n
g
sy
st
e
m,
”
i
n
I
O
P
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
S
e
ri
e
s:
M
a
t
e
ri
a
l
s
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
2
0
1
3
,
v
o
l
.
5
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
5
7
-
8
9
9
X
/
5
0
/
1
/
0
1
2
0
5
1
.
[
2
]
S
.
W
u
a
n
d
J.
Q
.
S
u
n
,
“
A
t
o
p
-
d
o
w
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
w
i
t
h
t
e
m
p
o
r
a
l
a
n
d
s
p
a
t
i
a
l
p
a
r
t
i
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
o
f
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
H
V
A
C
sy
st
e
ms,
”
E
n
e
r
g
y
B
u
i
l
d
.
,
v
o
l
.
4
3
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
2
1
3
4
–
2
1
3
9
,
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
n
b
u
i
l
d
.
2
0
1
1
.
0
4
.
0
2
0
.
[
3
]
Z.
L
i
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
n
Ef
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
F
a
u
l
t
D
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
D
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
C
h
i
l
l
e
r
S
y
st
e
m,
”
I
FA
C
-
P
a
p
e
rsO
n
L
i
n
e
,
v
o
l
.
5
2
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
5
5
–
6
0
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
f
a
c
o
l
.
2
0
1
9
.
1
0
.
0
2
6
.
[
4
]
M
.
E
.
S
.
Tr
o
t
h
e
,
H
.
R
.
S
h
a
k
e
r
,
M
.
Jr
a
d
i
,
a
n
d
K
.
A
r
e
n
d
t
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
i
s
o
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
o
p
t
i
m
a
l
s
e
n
s
o
r
p
l
a
c
e
me
n
t
f
o
r
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
si
s
i
n
sm
a
r
t
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s,
”
E
n
e
r
g
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
9
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
1
2
0
9
1
6
0
1
.
[
5
]
E.
K
.
A
l
e
x
a
n
d
e
r
se
n
,
M
.
R
.
S
k
y
d
t
,
S
.
S
.
En
g
e
l
sg
a
a
r
d
,
M
.
B
a
n
g
,
M
.
Jr
a
d
i
,
a
n
d
H
.
R
.
S
h
a
k
e
r
,
“
A
st
a
i
r
-
st
e
p
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
st
i
c
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
a
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
c
a
n
o
ma
l
y
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
v
e
n
t
i
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
Bu
i
l
d
.
E
n
v
i
r
o
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
7
,
n
o
.
F
e
b
r
u
a
r
y
,
p
p
.
1
6
5
–
1
7
1
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
b
u
i
l
d
e
n
v
.
2
0
1
9
.
0
4
.
0
3
6
.
[
6
]
C
.
G
.
M
a
t
t
e
r
a
,
J.
Q
u
e
v
e
d
o
,
T.
Es
c
o
b
e
t
,
H
.
R
.
S
h
a
k
e
r
,
a
n
d
M
.
Jr
a
d
i
,
“
A
M
e
t
h
o
d
f
o
r
F
a
u
l
t
D
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
D
i
a
g
n
o
st
i
c
s
i
n
V
e
n
t
i
l
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e
d
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.
m
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.