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1.
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ter
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al
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ak
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tio
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m
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lier
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cr
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tech
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m
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v
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ca
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m
b
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d
in
g
t
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to
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m
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a
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d
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b
u
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t
n
es
s
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a
n
e
f
f
icien
t
m
an
n
er
.
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t
ce
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tain
l
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f
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ls
m
o
r
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co
n
s
i
d
er
ab
le
f
o
r
m
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l
ti
m
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o
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r
s
as
w
ell
as
f
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clie
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f
o
r
s
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ar
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s
u
ch
d
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g
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co
n
ten
t
s
.
T
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e
ar
e
n
u
m
er
o
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s
m
e
th
o
d
s
to
e
m
b
ed
th
e
d
ig
i
ta
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w
ater
m
ar
k
in
to
v
id
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d
t
h
ese
ar
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d
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u
p
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th
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t
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s
t si
g
n
a
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k
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o
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i
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al
s
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n
a
l,
co
m
p
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ess
ed
o
r
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
co
m
p
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es
s
io
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.
T
h
e
o
r
ig
in
al
v
id
eo
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
o
f
tw
o
t
y
p
e
s
;
First
ca
t
eg
o
r
y
o
f
v
id
eo
is
n
o
t
co
m
p
r
es
s
ed
at
al
l
an
d
o
th
er
o
n
e
i
s
to
u
n
co
m
p
r
es
s
ed
th
e
s
ig
n
al
b
e
f
o
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e
m
b
ed
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in
g
.
B
u
t,
ac
tu
al
l
y
,
b
o
th
ar
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id
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n
tical
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n
n
at
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r
e
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
as
t
h
e
s
er
ie
s
o
f
s
ep
ar
ate
f
r
a
m
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T
h
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ef
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m
et
h
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d
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
i
m
a
g
e
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
in
g
[1
-
4
]
ca
n
also
s
tr
etch
ed
to
v
id
eo
w
ater
m
ar
k
in
g
s
ch
e
m
e
[5
-
8]
also
.
Yet,
t
h
e
d
o
w
n
s
id
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to
u
s
e
th
e
o
r
i
g
i
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a
l
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m
b
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at
t
h
e
b
it
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ate
o
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w
ater
m
ar
k
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co
n
te
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ts
i
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
wate
r
m
ar
k
i
n
g
p
r
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ce
s
s
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
to
co
m
p
r
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s
ed
v
id
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n
a
l.
T
h
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ad
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o
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t
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s
s
c
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m
e
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t
h
at
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
p
er
ce
p
ti
b
ilit
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i
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Sci
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N:
2502
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4752
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a
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s
t d
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id
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th
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t
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ited
p
a
y
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ad
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it
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ater
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ar
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atio
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o
t
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er
w
i
s
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p
er
ce
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tib
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s
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h
e
th
ir
d
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d
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o
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t
s
u
itab
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a
y
is
to
ap
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ater
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ar
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s
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en
co
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i
n
g
[
9
]
th
e
v
id
eo
.
I
t
is
m
o
r
e
r
ea
lis
tic
ap
p
r
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er
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d
u
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
in
p
ar
allel
to
w
at
er
m
ar
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
v
id
eo
is
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
en
o
r
m
o
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s
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r
o
ce
s
s
is
t
h
at
n
eit
h
er
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
n
o
r
d
ec
o
m
p
r
ess
io
n
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
ef
o
r
e
o
r
af
ter
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
th
e
v
id
eo
f
o
r
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
i
s
e
x
p
lo
itin
g
th
e
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
i
n
s
er
t
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
w
h
il
e
en
co
d
in
g
th
e
v
id
eo
t
y
p
e
o
f
m
u
lti
m
ed
ia
o
b
j
ec
t
to
f
u
lf
il
all
t
h
r
ee
b
asics
c
h
alle
n
g
i
n
g
n
ec
e
s
s
ities
o
f
to
u
g
h
n
es
s
,
th
ro
g
h
p
u
t a
n
d
i
m
p
er
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
.
Th
e
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
o
f
p
ap
er
is
p
lan
n
ed
i
n
to
s
ev
e
n
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
b
r
ief
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
f
o
r
d
ig
ital
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
f
o
r
v
id
eo
e
lab
o
r
ated
in
Sectio
n
1
.
Sectio
n
2
ex
p
lain
ed
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
o
f
MP
E
G
-
2
v
id
eo
.
Sectio
n
3
is
s
et
f
o
r
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
r
elate
d
to
v
id
eo
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
.
A
r
o
b
u
s
t
d
ig
ital
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
v
id
e
o
o
b
j
ec
t p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
Sectio
n
4
.
Sectio
n
5
elo
b
o
r
ate
d
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
s
et
u
p
an
d
ass
o
ciate
d
r
esu
l
ts
a
n
d
d
is
cu
s
s
i
o
n
.
Sectio
n
6
r
elate
th
e
o
u
tco
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
w
it
h
t
h
e
s
ta
te
o
f
ar
t.
T
h
e
li
m
itatio
n
s
an
d
f
u
t
u
r
e
w
o
r
k
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
Sect
io
n
7
.
2.
B
ACK
G
RO
UND
O
F
M
P
E
G
-
2
VIDE
O
CO
M
P
RE
SS
I
O
N
ST
AND
ARD
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
t
o
f
co
d
in
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
eo
f
MP
E
G
-
2
[
1
0
]
s
tar
ted
in
1
9
9
0
.
T
h
e
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
v
i
d
eo
f
r
a
m
e
is
p
ar
titi
o
n
ed
n
to
g
r
o
u
p
k
n
o
wn
as
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
ict
u
r
es
(
GOP
)
.
E
ac
h
GOP
co
n
tain
s
t
h
r
ee
d
is
s
i
m
ilar
ca
te
g
o
r
ies
o
f
f
r
a
m
e
s
n
a
m
el
y
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
(
I
n
tr
a)
also
k
n
o
w
n
as
I
n
tr
a
-
co
d
ed
ty
p
e
s
o
f
f
r
a
m
es
,
P
-
f
r
a
m
es
as
f
o
r
w
ar
d
p
r
ed
icted
f
r
a
m
e
s
an
d
B
-
f
r
a
m
es
(
B
i)
d
ef
in
ed
as
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
f
r
a
m
es.
T
h
e
o
r
d
er
o
f
u
s
ag
e
o
f
all
k
in
d
o
f
f
r
a
m
es
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
s
a
m
e
GOP
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a
)
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
d
u
r
i
n
g
co
m
p
r
e
s
s
io
n
a
n
d
d
ec
o
m
p
r
ess
io
n
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
(
a
)
Dis
p
lay
o
r
d
er
o
f
GOP
,
(
b
)
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
r
d
er
o
f
GOP
E
ac
h
v
id
eo
f
r
a
m
e
is
f
u
r
t
h
er
p
ar
titi
o
n
ed
in
to
u
n
it
o
f
a
m
ac
r
o
b
lo
ck
s
f
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
T
h
e
ac
tiv
atio
n
o
f
m
o
d
e
o
f
m
ac
r
o
b
lo
ck
is
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
ca
teg
o
r
y
o
f
f
r
a
m
e
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
f
I
-
f
r
a
m
e,
ea
ch
m
ac
r
o
b
lo
ck
h
a
v
in
g
s
ize
o
f
1
6
x
1
6
is
s
eg
r
e
g
ated
in
to
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
lo
c
k
s
o
f
s
a
m
e
s
ize
o
f
8
x
8
.
E
v
er
y
b
lo
ck
o
f
ea
ch
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
ta
k
es
p
ar
ticip
ates
in
e
n
co
d
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
a
n
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
y
al
w
a
y
s
s
er
v
e
as
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
k
e
y
s
tep
s
t
o
en
co
d
e
th
e
v
id
eo
d
ata.
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
d
o
n
o
t
tak
e
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
o
m
f
o
r
w
ar
d
o
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
f
r
a
m
e
s
an
d
h
e
n
ce
en
c
o
d
ed
d
ir
ec
t
ly
.
T
h
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
i
s
en
co
d
ed
b
y
tak
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
ef
e
r
e
n
ce
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
o
r
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
.
I
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
th
e
n
I
-
f
r
a
m
es.
T
h
e
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
is
P
-
f
r
a
m
es
ar
e
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
le
x
t
h
an
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
.
B
-
f
r
a
m
es
e
x
p
lo
it
s
f
u
tu
r
e
a
n
d
p
ast
f
r
a
m
er
e
f
er
en
c
e
s
b
o
th
.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
a
m
es
m
a
y
b
e
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
o
f
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
a
n
d
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
an
d
B
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
or
b
o
th
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
p
r
o
v
id
es
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
.
T
h
e
en
co
d
in
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
MP
E
G
-
2
alie
n
ated
i
n
to
th
r
ee
m
a
in
s
h
ar
es:
E
x
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
D
C
T
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
,
ev
alu
a
tin
g
m
o
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
an
d
h
ea
d
er
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
a
y
s
to
ex
p
lo
i
ts
th
e
s
e
m
aj
o
r
p
ar
ts
f
o
r
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
in
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
also
b
u
t
f
ir
s
t
t
w
o
ar
e
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
m
i
n
en
t
w
a
y
to
d
o
s
o
.
Fir
s
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
t
h
at
i
f
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
to
b
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
th
en
v
id
eo
f
r
a
m
e
is
p
as
s
es
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
DC
T
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
q
u
an
tizatio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Su
b
s
et
o
f
t
h
e
co
ef
f
i
c
ien
t
s
o
f
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
s
ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
to
i
n
s
er
t
b
in
ar
y
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
s
,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
w
h
e
n
b
li
n
d
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
n
ee
d
ed
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
DC
T
co
ef
f
ici
en
ts
t
h
er
e
f
o
r
e
h
ig
h
p
ay
lo
ad
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
w
ater
m
a
r
k
b
its
ca
n
b
e
ex
h
a
u
s
ted
.
Si
n
ce
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
r
ef
lect
s
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
er
ef
o
r
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as p
o
ten
t
ial
f
r
a
m
e
s
as c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
P
-
f
r
a
m
es o
r
B
-
f
r
a
m
es.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
s
c
h
em
e
ex
p
l
o
i
ted
I
-
f
r
am
es
w
h
il
e
c
o
m
p
r
es
s
in
g
t
h
e
v
i
d
e
o
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
M
PE
G
-
2
s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
t
o
i
n
s
e
r
t
th
e
c
o
p
y
r
ig
h
t
d
a
ta
.
I
t
d
e
s
ig
n
e
d
c
a
r
ef
u
lly
s
o
th
a
t
t
h
e
s
u
p
e
r
i
o
r
i
ty
o
f
w
a
te
r
m
a
r
k
e
d
v
i
d
e
o
m
u
s
t
n
o
t
b
e
t
a
r
n
i
s
h
e
d
s
h
a
r
p
ly
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
th
e
s
ch
em
e
a
ls
o
b
a
l
an
c
e
th
e
t
r
a
d
eo
f
f
am
o
n
g
p
e
r
ce
p
t
i
b
il
i
ty
,
p
ay
l
o
a
d
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
.
3.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
T
in
g
Hs
u
et
al.
[
1
1
]
alter
ed
th
e
q
u
a
n
tized
i
n
ter
m
ed
iate
D
C
T
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
to
e
m
b
ed
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
b
its
b
y
p
r
ac
ticin
g
t
h
e
MP
E
G
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
T
h
e
li
m
ita
tio
n
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
th
at
is
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
2
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
1
1
60
-
11
67
1162
th
e
ad
j
u
s
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
DC
T
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
is
h
i
g
h
l
y
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
th
e
q
u
a
n
tizatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
s
in
s
er
ted
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
tech
n
iq
u
e
b
y
B
ij
an
G.
Mo
b
ass
er
i
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
ey
ex
tr
ac
ted
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
y
d
ec
o
d
ed
in
g
t
h
e
b
it
s
tr
ea
m
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
MP
E
G
-
2
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
.
T
h
e
lim
i
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
th
at
th
e
v
er
y
les
s
p
a
y
lo
ad
ca
p
ac
ity
w
o
u
ld
b
e
allo
w
ed
.
Yo
u
-
R
u
L
i
n
et
al.
[
1
3
]
ex
p
lain
ed
t
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
b
a
s
ed
o
n
b
lo
ck
m
atc
h
i
n
g
as
p
er
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
m
o
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
th
e
s
c
h
e
m
e
is
t
h
at
t
h
e
e
x
tar
ctio
n
o
f
w
ater
m
ar
k
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
li
n
d
l
y
.
Sat
y
e
n
B
is
w
a
s
et
al.
[
1
4
]
d
ef
in
ed
v
id
eo
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
MP
E
G
-
2.
E
ac
h
s
ce
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
v
ie
is
u
s
ed
to
em
b
ed
ea
ch
p
ar
titi
o
n
ed
i
m
ag
e.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
ar
ts
o
f
w
ater
m
ar
k
ar
e
in
s
er
ted
in
t
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
r
a
m
e
o
f
v
i
d
eo
.
T
h
e
li
m
itatio
n
is
t
h
at
o
n
l
y
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
ar
e
ex
p
lo
i
ted
f
o
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
b
u
t
w
h
en
s
ec
u
r
it
y
i
s
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
all
th
r
ee
t
y
p
es
o
f
f
r
a
m
e
s
I
,
B
a
n
d
P
co
u
ld
b
e
u
s
ed
at
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
ti
m
e
.
L
u
J
ian
f
en
g
e
t
al.
[
1
5
]
elab
o
r
ated
th
e
v
id
eo
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
s
ch
e
m
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
o
n
DC
T
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
y
ad
ap
ted
th
e
co
ef
f
i
cie
n
ts
o
f
DC
K
b
lo
ck
t
o
in
s
er
t
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
its
.
L
ittl
e
e
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
lf
ea
t
u
r
e,
ex
tr
e
m
el
y
d
eg
r
ad
e
th
e
q
u
ait
y
o
f
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
v
id
eo
.
A
h
u
j
a
et
al.
[
16]
s
tr
etch
ed
th
e
w
o
r
k
b
y
ex
p
lo
itin
g
th
e
MP
E
G2
s
tr
u
c
t
u
r
e
to
co
v
er
t
h
e
ab
o
v
e
li
m
it
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
y
al
s
o
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
s
ch
e
m
e
b
y
ca
lcu
lat
in
g
th
e
e
lap
s
ed
ti
m
e.
Yo
s
h
i
to
Uen
o
et
al.
[
17]
in
s
er
ted
th
e
wate
r
m
ar
k
i
m
a
g
e
b
y
f
ir
s
t
e
x
tr
ac
ti
n
g
t
h
e
m
ac
r
o
b
lo
ck
o
f
C
r
o
r
C
b
an
d
Y
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
w
h
e
n
m
o
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
b
elo
n
g
to
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
an
d
th
e
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
in
g
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
b
its
b
y
litt
le
m
o
d
i
f
y
i
n
g
t
h
ese
v
ec
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
li
m
ita
tio
n
is
t
h
at
t
h
e
tr
ad
eo
f
f
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
t
h
r
ee
ess
e
n
tial
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
is
n
o
t
o
b
tain
e
d
in
a
h
ei
g
h
ten
ed
m
an
n
er
.
Yu
k
Yi
n
g
C
h
u
n
g
e
t
al.
[
1
8
]
q
u
an
tized
th
e
D
C
T
v
alu
es
b
y
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
t
h
e
MP
E
G
-
2
s
tr
u
c
t
u
r
e.
T
h
e
leas
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
ca
n
t
b
it
o
f
th
e
DC
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
i
s
u
s
ed
to
in
s
er
t
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
.
T
h
e
d
r
aw
b
ac
k
o
f
th
is
s
ch
e
m
e
is
t
h
at
th
e
ass
ai
lan
t
m
a
y
co
m
p
lete
l
y
co
llap
s
e
t
h
e
w
at
er
m
ar
k
b
y
r
an
d
o
m
izi
n
g
th
e
L
S
B
o
f
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
s
.
Dan
iel
C
r
o
s
s
et
al.
[
1
9
]
an
ticip
ated
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
to
ev
alu
ate
a
u
t
h
en
tica
tio
n
of
MP
E
G
v
id
eo
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
id
en
ti
f
ied
t
h
e
ca
r
r
y
i
n
g
VL
C
s
to
e
m
b
ed
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
o
b
j
ec
t.
A
n
il
k
u
m
ar
Sh
ar
m
a
[
2
0
]
ex
p
lo
r
ed
th
e
q
u
an
tizat
io
n
in
d
e
x
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
i
n
s
e
r
tin
g
th
e
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
b
its
i
n
to
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
.
Si
n
ce
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
o
f
P
-
f
r
a
m
es
h
a
v
e
a
v
er
y
les
s
s
p
ac
e
to
in
s
er
t
a
n
y
th
i
n
g
ad
d
itio
n
all
y
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
is
s
u
e
al
w
a
y
s
b
e
a
ch
alle
n
g
e
w
h
ile
d
esig
i
n
i
n
g
w
ater
m
ar
k
in
g
m
eth
o
d
u
s
in
g
MP
E
G
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
ese
li
m
i
tatio
n
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
e
m
b
e
d
s
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
its
b
y
ex
p
l
o
itin
g
b
o
t
h
DC
an
d
AC
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
o
f
o
n
l
y
s
m
o
o
th
t
y
p
es
o
f
8
x
8
DC
T
b
lo
ck
s
f
r
o
m
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
s
ele
cted
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
elt
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
em
e
is
t
h
at
n
e
ith
er
e
n
tire
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
n
o
r
en
tire
DC
T
b
lo
ck
s
ar
e
ch
o
s
en
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
i
n
s
er
t
th
e
en
cr
y
p
ted
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
i
n
g
b
its
i
n
D
C
a
n
d
AC
co
ef
f
icien
ts
b
o
t
h
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
e
n
h
a
n
ce
d
th
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
o
f
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
o
b
j
ec
t
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
in
to
th
e
v
id
eo
b
u
t a
ls
o
th
e
b
ala
n
ce
d
tr
ad
eo
f
f
is
o
b
tain
ed
a
m
o
n
g
all
t
h
r
ee
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
4.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
VID
E
O
WA
T
E
RM
ARK
I
NG
AL
G
O
RI
T
H
M
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
ig
ital
v
id
eo
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
is
b
r
o
ad
l
y
class
i
f
ied
in
f
o
u
r
m
aj
o
r
ca
teg
o
r
ies
as
W
ater
m
ar
k
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
a
n
d
cr
y
p
to
g
r
ap
h
ic
k
e
y
g
en
er
atio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
cr
ea
tin
g
a
v
ec
to
r
o
f
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
,
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
4
.
1
.
Wa
t
er
m
a
r
k
encr
y
ptio
n a
nd
k
ey
g
ener
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
s
ch
e
m
e
s
u
g
g
ested
to
h
a
v
e
f
o
u
r
k
e
y
s
u
s
ed
i
n
w
ater
m
ar
k
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
m
o
r
e
s
ec
u
r
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
Fir
s
t
k
e
y
i
s
u
s
ed
to
s
to
p
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
alg
o
r
i
t
h
m
an
d
o
t
h
er
t
w
o
k
e
y
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
ex
h
ib
it
t
h
e
e
x
tr
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
o
b
j
ec
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
w
ater
m
a
r
k
ed
v
id
eo
.
Fo
u
r
th
k
e
y
i
s
u
s
ed
to
en
cr
y
p
t
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
a
n
d
i
s
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
iz
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
s
e
n
d
er
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
.
Si
n
ce
t
h
r
ee
k
e
y
s
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
it
s
el
f
an
d
a
d
d
itio
n
al
s
in
g
le
k
e
y
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
o
f
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
its
el
f
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
s
ec
u
r
it
y
i
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
to
s
ec
u
r
e
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
f
r
o
m
m
alici
o
u
s
u
s
er
.
First
k
e
y
i
s
e
x
tr
ac
t
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
ize
o
f
en
cr
y
p
ted
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
o
b
j
ec
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
as
P
ixels
.
Seco
n
d
an
d
th
i
r
d
k
e
y
s
ar
e
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
e
n
cr
y
p
ted
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
ar
e
as
R
o
w
s
a
n
d
C
o
ls
.
Fo
u
r
t
h
k
e
y
,
s
a
y
S
ym
metric
,
is
d
e
p
en
d
u
p
o
n
th
e
t
h
e
p
er
m
u
tatio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
lu
m
n
an
d
s
h
all
b
e
u
s
ed
to
en
cr
y
p
t
th
e
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
u
s
in
g
d
o
u
b
le
co
lu
m
n
tr
an
s
p
o
s
itio
n
m
et
h
o
d
[
2
1
]
.
4
.
2
.
Cre
a
t
io
n o
f
v
ec
t
o
r
a
rr
a
y
o
f
i
-
f
ra
m
es
T
h
e
o
r
ig
in
al
v
id
eo
is
s
e
g
r
eg
a
t
ed
in
to
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
ict
u
r
es
(
GOP
)
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
I
,
P
an
d
B
-
f
r
a
m
es.
T
h
e
g
en
er
al
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
o
f
MP
E
G
-
2
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
to
h
av
e
1
0
f
r
a
m
e
s
i
n
s
i
n
g
le
G
OP
an
d
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
a
ch
ain
o
f
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
an
d
B
-
f
r
a
m
es
b
u
t
it
d
o
esn
’
t
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
t
o
f
o
llo
w
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
.
I
t
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
t
h
at
h
a
v
e
d
r
asti
ca
ll
y
ch
an
g
e
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
f
r
a
m
e
w
h
eth
er
it
m
a
y
b
e
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
o
r
B
-
f
r
a
m
e.
T
h
er
e
m
a
y
b
e
th
e
s
tate
w
h
en
P
-
f
r
a
m
e
m
a
y
h
av
e
e
x
tr
e
m
el
y
d
ev
iate
f
r
o
m
th
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o
mp
r
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ed
d
o
ma
in
b
a
s
ed
r
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id
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1163
4
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3
.
Wa
t
er
m
a
r
k
e
m
b
edd
ing
pro
ce
s
s
Sin
ce
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
ar
e
h
av
i
n
g
les
s
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
r
atio
an
d
h
i
g
h
d
en
s
it
y
o
f
DC
T
b
lo
ck
s
as
co
m
p
ar
e
to
P
an
d
B
f
r
am
e
s
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
e
u
s
e
s
th
e
s
a
m
e
ty
p
e
o
f
f
r
a
m
e
s
to
in
s
er
t
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
its
b
y
litt
le
m
o
d
if
y
i
n
g
th
e
DC
a
n
d
AC
v
al
u
e
o
f
ea
ch
p
lain
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
Y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
i
n
v
ie
w
o
f
th
a
t
th
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
it
y
o
f
v
id
eo
n
o
t
b
e
s
p
o
iled
ex
p
r
e
s
s
i
v
el
y
.
T
h
e
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
is
d
e
f
i
n
ed
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
1)
R
ea
d
en
cr
y
p
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
m
ag
e
an
d
s
to
r
e
its
en
tire
b
its
in
t
o
v
ec
to
r
ar
r
ay
as
W
-
B
its
.
Up
d
ate
W
-
B
its
b
y
ad
d
in
g
th
e
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t b
its
s
o
th
a
t to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
its
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
is
ib
le
b
y
t
h
r
ee
.
2)
I
n
itialize
t
h
e
v
ec
to
r
ar
r
a
y
I
-
fr
a
mesArr
a
y
a
n
d
o
b
atin
ed
th
e
to
ta
l n
u
m
b
er
o
f
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
an
d
s
to
r
e
in
N
.
3)
P
ick
th
r
ee
ad
j
ac
en
t
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
its
f
r
o
m
W
-
B
it
s
to
b
e
ad
j
u
s
te
d
in
to
o
n
e
D
C
a
n
d
t
w
o
AC
co
ef
f
icien
ts
i
n
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
tl
y
s
elec
ted
p
lain
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
.
4)
A
p
p
l
y
t
h
e
F
ib
o
n
ac
ci
s
er
iesal
g
o
r
ith
m
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
n
u
m
b
er
as
F
N
o
in
s
u
c
h
a
w
a
y
th
at
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
m
u
s
t b
e
u
n
iq
u
e,
n
o
t r
ep
ea
ted
a
n
d
less
t
h
a
n
o
r
eq
u
al
to
N
5)
P
u
t th
e
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
F
N
o
in
t
h
e
ar
r
a
y
S
eq
R
a
n
S
elec
ted
I
-
F
r
a
mes
.
a)
F
N
O
is
ca
te
g
o
r
ized
in
to
lu
m
i
n
an
ce
(
Y
)
,
C
h
r
o
m
a
b
l
u
e
(
C
b
)
a
n
d
C
h
r
o
m
a
R
ed
(
C
r
)
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
.
b)
C
h
o
o
s
e
Y
c
h
an
n
el
as t
h
i
s
is
t
h
e
m
o
s
t l
u
m
in
a
n
ce
p
ar
t
co
n
tain
s
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
n
er
g
y
c)
Sp
lit th
e
Y
m
atr
i
x
in
to
t
he
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
s
a
m
e
s
ize
(
8
x
8
)
f
o
r
ap
p
l
y
i
n
g
D
C
T
f
o
l
lo
w
ed
b
y
q
u
a
n
ti
za
tio
n
.
d)
C
h
ec
k
t
h
e
q
u
an
tized
DC
T
f
o
r
p
lain
t
y
p
e.
I
f
n
o
t
, t
h
e
n
s
elec
t
n
ex
t a
d
j
ac
en
t D
C
T
b
lo
ck
.
e)
T
o
in
s
er
t
th
r
ee
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
its
at
a
tim
e,
f
o
llo
w
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
tep
s
.
First
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
f
r
o
m
a
s
et
o
f
th
r
ee
b
its
,
w
ill
b
e
i
n
s
er
ted
i
n
t
o
DC
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
b
y
ad
j
u
s
ti
n
g
its
v
a
lu
e.
C
h
ec
k
t
h
e
D
C
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
f
o
r
ev
en
o
r
o
d
d
.
I
f
it
is
o
d
d
i
n
teg
er
an
d
th
e
p
ick
ed
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
b
it
is
1
or
if
it
i
s
e
v
en
an
d
t
h
e
p
ick
e
d
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
is
0
t
h
en
n
o
ch
a
n
g
e
in
D
C
v
al
u
e
.
P
ick
r
est
t
w
o
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it j
o
in
tl
y
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
m
a
y
b
e
0
0
,
0
1
,
1
0
o
r
1
1
.
P
ic
k
u
p
t
w
o
AC
v
al
u
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
(
7
,
8
)
an
d
(
8
,
8
)
.
I
f
b
o
th
th
e
s
e
v
alu
e
s
ar
e
al
s
o
ze
r
o
th
e
n
n
o
ch
an
g
e
at
all
a
n
d
it
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
b
o
th
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
h
a
v
e
b
e
en
i
n
s
er
te
d
o
th
er
w
is
e
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
m
ze
r
o
el
s
e
if
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
s
ar
e
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
0
1
t
h
en
c
h
ec
k
if
(
7
,
8
)
is
lo
w
er
t
h
an
(
8
,
8
)
th
e
n
n
o
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
A
C
v
al
u
e
s
a
n
d
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
t
w
o
v
al
u
es
a
r
e
en
ter
ed
o
th
er
w
is
e
m
a
k
e
(
7
,
8
)
m
u
s
t
b
e
less
th
an
(
8
,
8
)
else
if
th
e
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
b
its
ar
e
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
at
io
n
o
f
1
0
th
en
c
h
ec
k
if
(
7
,
8
)
is
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
an
(
8
,
8
)
th
en
n
o
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
AC
v
alu
e
s
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
th
e
p
air
o
f
1
0
is
in
s
er
ted
o
th
er
w
i
s
e
m
ak
e
(
7
,
8
)
g
r
ea
ter
th
a
n
(
8
,
8
)
else
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
in
g
o
p
tio
n
is
th
e
p
ai
r
o
f
b
its
ar
e
1
1
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
in
s
er
ted
if
b
o
th
AC
v
a
lu
e
ar
e
n
o
n
ze
r
o
an
d
eq
u
al.
6)
I
f
en
tire
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
b
its
h
av
e
n
o
t
ex
h
au
s
ted
t
h
en
Go
to
s
tep
v
-
d
to
p
ick
n
e
x
t
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
to
in
s
er
t
n
ex
t
th
r
ee
ad
j
ac
en
t b
it
7)
A
d
j
u
s
te
Seq
R
a
n
S
elec
ted
I
-
fr
a
me
to
th
eir
o
r
ig
in
al
s
eq
u
e
n
tia
l
o
r
d
er
an
d
r
e
p
l
ac
ed
w
ater
m
a
r
k
ed
I
-
f
r
a
m
es
w
it
h
o
r
ig
i
n
al
o
n
e.
C
o
n
ti
n
u
e
w
i
th
MP
E
G
alg
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
g
et
W
ater
m
ar
k
ed
Vid
eo
as W
tr
Vd
o
.
4
.
4
.
Wa
t
er
m
a
r
k
e
x
t
ra
ct
io
n pro
ce
s
s
1)
R
ea
d
W
ater
m
ar
k
ed
Vid
eo
W
t
r
V
d
o
to
g
et
th
e
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
en
t
ir
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
s
.
2)
A
p
p
l
y
th
e
Fib
o
n
ac
ci
s
er
ie
s
alg
o
r
it
h
m
to
s
elec
t
t
h
e
ac
t
u
al
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
ed
f
r
a
m
e
n
u
m
b
er
as
F
N
o
in
s
u
c
h
a
w
a
y
t
h
at
th
e
v
al
u
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
u
n
iq
u
e,
n
o
t
r
ep
ea
ted
a
n
d
les
s
t
h
a
n
o
r
eq
u
al
to
N
u
n
til
t
h
e
lo
o
p
co
m
p
leted
th
e
r
o
u
n
d
eq
u
al
to
N.
3)
T
h
e
ch
o
s
en
I
-
f
r
a
m
e
F
N
O
is
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
to
th
r
ee
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
ar
e
Y,
C
b
an
d
C
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
a)
C
h
o
o
s
e
Y
c
h
an
n
el
a
n
d
s
p
lit in
t
o
eq
u
al
s
ize
o
f
b
lo
ck
s
a
n
d
ap
p
l
y
DC
T
.
b)
Fo
r
ea
ch
DC
T
b
lo
ck
,
ch
ec
k
f
o
r
s
m
o
o
th
t
y
p
e
o
f
DC
T
b
lo
ck
.
I
f
n
o
t p
ick
a
n
o
th
er
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
.
c)
T
h
e
o
d
d
v
alu
e
o
f
DC
ex
tr
ac
te
d
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
b
it
1
else
0
.
T
w
o
m
o
r
e
lo
ca
tio
n
s
(
7
,
8
)
an
d
(
8
,
8
)
ar
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
to
g
eto
n
e
p
air
o
f
b
i
ts
.
I
f
b
o
th
A
C
v
al
u
es
ar
e
also
ze
r
o
th
en
in
cr
e
m
en
t
th
e
v
ec
to
r
ar
r
ay
o
f
ex
tr
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
a
s
0
0
i
n
t
o
2
m
o
r
e
ad
j
ac
en
t
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
an
ar
r
a
y
.
if
(
7
,
8
)
is
lo
w
er
t
h
an
(
8
,
8
)
th
e
n
au
g
m
e
n
ted
t
h
e
ar
r
a
y
w
it
h
0
1
else
i
f
(
7
,
8
)
is
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
a
n
(
8
,
8
)
th
en
f
illed
t
h
e
ar
r
a
y
o
f
n
e
x
t
t
wo
lo
ca
tio
n
w
it
h
1
0
else
if
b
o
th
AC
v
alu
e
ar
e
n
o
n
ze
r
o
t
h
en
in
cr
e
m
en
t
th
e
ar
r
a
y
o
f
e
x
tr
ac
te
d
b
its
w
it
h
11.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
ex
tr
ac
ted
th
r
e
e
b
its
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
DC
T
b
lo
ck
.
d)
C
h
o
o
s
e
a
n
o
th
er
D
C
T
b
lo
ck
to
ex
t
r
ac
t
t
h
r
ee
m
o
r
e
b
its
.
I
f
s
iz
e
o
f
ex
tr
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
s
e
q
u
al
to
th
e
s
ize
o
f
k
e
y
S
I
ZE
th
e
n
s
to
p
th
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
th
er
w
i
s
e
s
elec
t n
ex
t a
d
j
ac
en
t D
C
T
b
lo
ck
.
4)
C
o
n
v
er
t
v
ec
to
r
ar
r
a
y
i
n
to
2
-
d
i
m
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ater
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
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J
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&
C
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p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
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2
,
Feb
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u
r
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Fra
m
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1
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ig
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,
(
b
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o
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ater
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ar
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c)
f
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d
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al
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w
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m
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v
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5
.
1
.
P
er
ce
ptibility
T
h
e
p
er
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
f
ac
to
r
m
ea
s
u
r
es
t
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
v
id
eo
w
it
h
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
v
id
eo
.
I
t is d
ef
in
ed
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
o
r
m
u
la.
∑
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
P
SNR
L
=
1
0
lo
g
10
2
5
5
/
MSE
K
ter
m
ed
as
P
ea
k
Si
g
n
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to
No
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e
R
a
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SNR
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ea
s
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r
es
b
et
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n
L
th
o
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ig
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al
f
r
a
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a
n
d
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th
W
ater
m
ar
k
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Vid
eo
f
r
am
e
a
n
d
MSE
i
t
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
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r
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r
b
et
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th
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t
w
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d
ef
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y
th
e
f
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llo
w
i
n
g
f
o
r
m
u
la
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(
2
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M
x
N
is
t
h
e
m
a
g
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itu
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o
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v
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f
r
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o
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ater
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o
f
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ater
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ar
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id
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f
r
a
m
e.
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h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
lcu
lated
t
h
e
P
SN
R
b
et
w
ee
n
o
r
ig
i
n
al
an
d
w
ater
m
a
r
k
ed
v
id
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h
a
n
d
w
i
th
o
u
t a
t
tack
s
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
th
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T
ab
le
1
.
5
.
2
.
Ro
bu
s
t
ne
s
s
1)
No
r
m
a
lized
co
o
r
elatio
n
:
T
h
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
ca
lc
u
lat
e
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
s
i
m
ilar
i
t
y
b
et
w
ee
n
e
x
tr
ac
ted
an
d
o
r
ig
i
n
al
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
.
I
t is d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
t
h
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
co
r
r
elatio
n
as d
ef
i
n
ed
b
elo
w
:
∑
∑
∑
∑
(
3
)
2)
B
it E
r
r
o
r
R
ate
(
B
E
R
)
: I
t m
ea
s
u
r
ed
th
e
d
is
s
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m
i
lar
ities
b
et
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n
th
e
e
x
tr
ac
ted
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d
ac
tu
al
w
a
t
er
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ar
k
i
m
a
g
e.
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n
g
e
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it is
n
o
t k
n
o
w
n
t
h
e
th
r
es
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ld
v
al
u
e
f
o
r
w
h
i
ch
th
e
v
al
u
e
is
ac
ce
p
tab
le
∑
∑
(
4
)
T
h
e
o
r
ig
in
al
w
ater
m
ar
k
is
an
d
ex
tr
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
is
.
A
x
B
is
th
e
s
ize
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f
w
ater
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ar
k
i
m
a
g
e.
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h
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
i
s
ev
al
u
ated
b
y
e
v
al
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ati
n
g
N
C
an
d
B
E
R
b
o
th
.
T
h
e
ass
o
ciatio
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b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
m
i
s
th
a
t
B
E
R
is
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tl
y
p
r
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p
o
s
itio
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to
NC
.
A
s
N
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cr
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es
B
E
R
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ed
u
ce
s
s
h
o
w
s
t
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at
t
h
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o
b
u
s
t
n
ess
r
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lt
s
ar
e
g
o
o
d
w
ith
r
esp
ec
t
to
r
o
b
u
s
t
n
e
s
s
.
Si
m
p
l
y
,
w
h
e
n
NC
eq
u
i
v
al
en
t
to
ze
r
o
an
d
B
E
R
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
o
n
e
r
e
v
ea
ls
t
h
at
eith
er
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
n
o
t
p
r
ese
n
t
o
r
it
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
.
O
n
t
h
e
co
n
tr
ar
y
,
i
f
NC
ex
h
ib
it
to
o
n
e
a
n
d
B
E
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to
ze
r
o
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en
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
n
o
ticea
b
le
alte
r
atio
n
a
m
id
t
h
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l a
n
d
th
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
C
o
mp
r
ess
ed
d
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ma
in
b
a
s
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b
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1165
T
h
e
d
ig
ital
v
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ter
m
ar
k
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et
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p
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at
tack
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k
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s
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o
b
u
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o
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o
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ed
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o
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ith
m
s
h
as b
ee
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te
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ted
th
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o
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g
h
s
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m
u
l
atio
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o
f
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
at
tack
s
:
3)
Sp
atial
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
attac
k
s
a)
Geo
m
etr
ic
A
ttac
k
s
:
C
r
o
p
p
in
g
,
R
o
tatio
n
,
R
e
s
ize
b)
No
is
e
Attack
s
:
Ga
u
s
s
ian
No
i
s
e,
Sp
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k
le
No
is
e,
Salt
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ep
p
er
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ter
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ttac
k
s
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lt
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t
tack
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Fil
ter
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ttac
k
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4)
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em
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o
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y
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ch
r
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u
s
attac
k
s
a)
Vid
eo
Ma
n
ip
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latio
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A
ttac
k
s
:
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m
es i
n
s
er
tio
n
,
d
eletio
n
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er
a
g
in
g
,
s
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n
d
r
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m
en
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Data
C
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A
ttac
k
:
C
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ak
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ttac
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ap
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f
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s
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ar
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.
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lace
m
e
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ater
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ar
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h
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t
h
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h
e
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o
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p
r
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ater
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ar
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e
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w
ater
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ar
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e
r
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lt
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ar
e
g
o
o
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th
e
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m
all
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e
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
v
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d
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s
f
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a
s
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eo
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ce
r
n
t
w
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m
p
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t
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s
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est
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lt
s
o
f
ex
tr
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w
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m
ar
k
in
th
i
s
al
g
o
r
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m
ar
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s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
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1
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h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
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s
f
r
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i
tf
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y
e
x
tr
ac
te
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en
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y
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1
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th
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h
e
cr
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p
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NC
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6.
ST
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T
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ased
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i
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s
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h
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r
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p
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p
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m
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w
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ll
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o
th
at
t
h
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ex
p
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m
en
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lts
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n
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e
tr
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l
y
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m
p
ar
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o
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th
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e
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ated
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n
l
y
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o
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l
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b
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ater
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ar
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ap
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g
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v
ar
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ties
o
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m
a
g
e
an
d
v
id
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p
r
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c
ess
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n
g
attac
k
s
.
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h
e
th
ir
d
p
ar
am
eter
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s
to
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alu
ate
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e
p
a
y
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ad
ca
p
ac
ity
i
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e.
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h
r
ee
w
at
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m
ar
k
b
its
f
r
o
m
a
s
in
g
le
q
u
a
n
tized
DC
T
b
lo
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w
ill b
e
in
s
er
ted
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h
e
f
o
llo
w
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g
o
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s
er
v
atio
n
w
e
r
e
m
ad
e.
a)
T
h
e
b
etter
r
e
s
u
lt
s
w
er
e
o
b
tain
ed
th
a
n
t
h
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s
ch
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s
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m
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el
attac
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s
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attac
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s
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b)
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h
e
p
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ce
p
tib
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y
o
f
w
ater
m
a
r
k
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id
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s
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tr
a
s
t
w
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th
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h
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o
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e
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ested
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o
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test
to
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co
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p
o
s
ite
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d
a
m
b
ig
u
it
y
attac
k
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
.
S
.
Be
d
i
a
n
d
S,
V
e
rm
a
,
“
A
d
e
sig
n
o
f
se
c
u
re
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ter
m
a
r
k
in
g
s
c
h
e
m
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o
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m
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g
e
s
in
sp
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ti
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l
d
o
m
a
in
,
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c
e
e
d
in
g
s
An
n
u
a
l
IEE
E
I
n
d
ia
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o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
0
6
.
[2
]
S
.
S
.
Be
d
i,
R
.
Ba
n
o
,
a
n
d
S
,
V
e
rm
a
,
“
S
e
c
u
re
d
ig
it
a
l
im
a
g
e
wa
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
sc
h
e
m
e
f
o
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h
t
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ro
te
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
b
u
y
e
r
f
in
g
e
rp
rin
ti
n
g
,
”
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c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
t
h
e
W
o
rld
Co
n
g
re
ss
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
W
CE,
L
o
n
d
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
,
20
08
.
[3
]
A
.
Ha
j,
A
li
,
a
n
d
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
,
“
Cr
y
p
to
-
w
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
o
f
tran
s
m
it
ted
m
e
d
ica
l
i
m
a
g
e
s
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
d
ig
it
a
l
ima
g
in
g
,
v
o
l.
3
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
6
-
3
8
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
A
.
H
a
j,
A
li
,
a
n
d
H
.
A
.
Na
b
i
,
"
Dig
it
a
l
i
m
a
g
e
se
c
u
rit
y
b
a
se
d
o
n
d
a
ta
h
id
i
n
g
a
n
d
c
r
y
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to
g
ra
p
h
y
,
"
In
2
0
1
7
3
r
d
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
i
n
fo
r
ma
ti
o
n
ma
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
(
ICIM
),
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
4
3
7
-
4
4
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[5
]
S
.
A
l
m
u
z
a
i
r
a
i
a
n
d
N
.
I
n
n
a
b
,
“
V
i
d
e
o
w
a
t
e
r
m
a
r
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
o
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c
o
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h
t
p
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t
i
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n
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
m
o
v
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g
p
a
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t
s
a
n
d
s
i
l
e
n
c
e
d
e
l
e
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
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d
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n
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t
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d
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s
,
v
o
l
1
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
6
4
0
-
655,
2019.
[6
]
M.
Jia
n
g
,
Z
.
M
a
a
,
X
.
Niu
a
,
Y
.
Y
a
n
g
a
,
a
n
d
Y
.
X
ian
,
“
V
i
d
e
o
w
a
term
a
rk
in
g
sc
h
e
m
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
m
p
e
g
-
2
f
o
r
c
o
p
y
rig
h
t
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
Pr
o
c
e
d
ia
En
v
iro
n
me
n
ta
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
pp.
8
4
3
-
8
4
8
,
2
0
1
1
.
[7
]
M
.
A
sik
u
z
z
a
m
a
n
a
n
d
M
.
R
.
P
ic
k
e
rin
g
,
"
A
n
o
v
e
rv
ie
w
o
f
d
ig
it
a
l
v
id
e
o
w
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
,
"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Circ
u
it
s
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
fo
r
V
id
e
o
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
2
8
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
2
1
3
1
-
2
1
5
3
,
S
e
p
t
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
CS
V
T
.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
1
2
1
6
2
.
[8
]
Dh
a
o
u
,
Do
r
ra
,
S
.
B
.
Ja
b
ra
,
a
n
d
E
.
Zag
ro
u
b
a
,
"
A
m
u
lt
i
-
sp
rit
e
-
b
a
se
d
a
n
a
g
l
y
p
h
3
d
v
id
e
o
w
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
ro
b
u
st ag
a
in
st co
ll
u
sio
n
,
"
3
D
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
2
1
,
2
0
1
9
.
[
9
]
A
h
u
ja,
Ra
k
e
sh
,
M
.
J
.
Ha
q
u
e
,
S
.
T
a
n
w
a
r,
N.
G
a
u
ta
m
,
a
n
d
A
.
Ra
n
a
.
"
S
e
c
u
re
a
n
d
ro
b
u
st
w
a
ter
m
a
r
k
in
g
sc
h
e
m
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
m
o
ti
o
n
f
e
a
tu
re
s
f
o
r
v
id
e
o
o
b
j
e
c
t
,
"
2
0
2
0
8
th
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Relia
b
i
li
ty,
In
f
o
c
o
m
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
a
n
d
Op
ti
miza
ti
o
n
(
T
re
n
d
s a
n
d
F
u
tu
re
Dire
c
ti
o
n
s) (
ICRIT
O).
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
1
4
6
-
1
5
1
,
2
0
2
0
.
[
10
]
V
.
D.
M
e
e
r
.
,
"
M
P
EG
‐1
S
y
ste
m
s:
L
a
y
in
g
th
e
M
P
EG
‐2
f
o
u
n
d
a
ti
o
n
,
”
Fu
n
d
a
me
n
t
a
ls
a
n
d
Evo
lu
ti
o
n
o
f
M
PE
G
-
2
S
y
ste
ms
:
Pa
v
in
g
th
e
M
PE
G R
o
a
d
,
W
il
e
y
,
2
0
1
4
.
[
11
]
C
.
T
.
Hsu
a
n
d
J
.
L
.
Wu
,
“
DCT
-
b
a
se
d
wa
ter
m
a
r
k
in
g
f
o
r
v
id
e
o
,
”
Co
n
su
me
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
4
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
0
6
-
2
1
6
,
1
9
9
8
[
12
]
B.
G
.
M
o
b
a
ss
e
ri
.,
"
A
sp
a
ti
a
l
d
ig
it
a
l
v
id
e
o
w
a
ter
m
a
r
k
th
a
t
su
rv
iv
e
s
M
P
EG
,
"
In
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
:
Co
d
in
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
IE
EE
,
p
p
.
6
8
-
73
,
2
0
0
0
.
[
13
]
Y
.
R
.
L
in
,
H
.
Y
.
Hu
a
n
g
;
W
.
H
.
H
su
,
“
A
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
m
a
r
k
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
in
v
id
e
o
f
o
r
c
o
p
y
rig
h
t
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
ICPR
.
1
8
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Pa
tt
e
rn
Rec
o
g
n
it
i
o
n
,
v
o
l.
4
,
p
p
.
7
9
5
-
7
9
8
,
2
0
0
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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1167
[1
4
]
S
.
Bisw
a
s,
S
.
R.
Da
s
,
a
n
d
E.
M
.
P
e
tri
u
,
“
A
n
a
d
a
p
ti
v
e
c
o
m
p
re
ss
e
d
M
P
EG
-
2
v
id
e
o
w
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
sc
h
e
m
e
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
i
n
stru
me
n
t
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
me
a
s
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re
me
n
t
,
v
o
l.
5
4
,
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o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
8
5
3
-
1
8
6
1
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
5
]
L
.
Jia
n
fe
n
g
,
Y
.
Zh
e
n
h
u
a
,
Y
.
F
a
n
,
L
.
L
i,
“
A
M
P
EG
2
v
id
e
o
w
a
term
a
rk
in
g
a
l
g
o
rit
h
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
DCT
d
o
m
a
in
,
”
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
Di
g
it
a
l
M
e
d
ia
a
n
d
Dig
it
a
l
Co
n
ten
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t,
pp
.
194
-
1
9
7
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
6
]
R
.
A
h
u
ja,
S
.
S
b
e
d
i
,
“
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
b
li
n
d
v
id
e
o
w
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
a
l
g
o
rit
h
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
M
P
EG
-
2
s
tru
c
tu
re
,
”
.
In
IEE
E
p
ro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
pp.
1
0
4
8
-
1
0
5
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
7
]
Y.
Ue
n
o
.
,
“
A
d
ig
it
a
l
v
id
e
o
w
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
b
y
a
ss
o
c
iatin
g
w
it
h
th
e
m
o
ti
o
n
e
stim
a
ti
o
n
,
”
IE
EE
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
.
ICS
P,
7
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
ig
n
a
l
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
v
o
l.
3
,
p
p
.
2
5
7
6
-
2
5
7
9
,
2
0
0
4
[1
8
]
Y
.
Y
.
Ch
u
n
g
,
F
.
F
.
Xu
,
F
.
C
h
o
y
,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
d
ig
it
a
l
v
id
e
o
w
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,
p
p
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,
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.
[
19
]
D
.
Cro
ss
a
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d
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.
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.
M
o
b
a
ss
e
ri,
"
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p
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,
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ter
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v
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2
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[
20
]
A
.
K
.
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h
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m
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a
n
d
Y
.
M.
P
e
rv
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j
,
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i
m
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r S
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o
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0
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0
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1
.
[2
1
]
S
.
V
in
o
d
,
S
.
M
o
r
,
a
n
d
A
.
Da
g
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rb
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h
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n
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se
c
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f
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p
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8
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2
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[
[
22
]
R
.
A
h
u
ja
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n
d
S
S
.
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d
i.
,
“
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[
23
]
H.
H.
M
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D.
T
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Y.
Na
g
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ta,
Z.
Na
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o
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it
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[
24
]
Y
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G
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M
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L
u
,
L
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F
a
n
,
Y
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st,
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EL
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R,
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p
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[2
5
]
L
.
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jab
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.
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.
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ti
b
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A
.
A
.
Ha
j,
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p
r
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d
in
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pp
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B
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RAP
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larly
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4
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