Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Enginee
r
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
12
,
No.
3
,
Decem
ber
201
8
, p
p.
1010
~
1019
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v1
2
.i
3
.pp
1010
-
1019
1010
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Compari
son of S
hield
ing Effecti
veness in
Comp
lex
Curved
Structur
e w
i
th Di
fferent
Nu
meric
al Metho
ds, FDT
D, MO
M and
Equ
ivalent Circu
it
A.
H. Po
urso
l
t
an
Mo
h
amm
adi
1
, M.
C
hehel
A
mi
r
an
i
2
, F
aghihi
3
1,2
Facul
t
y
of Electrical a
nd
Com
pute
r Engineerin
g
Urm
ia
Univer
s
ity
,
Urm
ia
-
Ira
n
3
Scie
nc
e and
Re
sea
rch
Br
anc
h
,
I
slamic
Aza
d
Uni
ver
sit
y
,
T
ehr
an
-
I
ran
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
J
un
8
, 201
8
Re
vised
A
ug
20
, 2
01
8
Accepte
d
Se
p
1
, 2
01
8
The
stud
y
of
th
e
eff
ec
t
of
shie
l
ding
on
high
fr
eque
nc
y
equi
pm
ent
is
v
er
y
important
in
the
el
e
ct
rom
agne
t
ic
compati
bilit
y
of
cont
rol
and
com
m
unic
at
ion
equi
pm
ent
.
In
th
is
pape
r
,
whil
e
p
rese
nti
ng
a
cur
v
ed
complex
stru
ct
ure
for
th
e
shiel
ding
enclo
sure,
th
e
diff
e
ren
t
num
ber
o
f
ape
r
ture
s
wit
h
diffe
r
ent
dimensions
has
bee
n
inv
esti
g
ate
d.
A
r
ec
t
angul
a
r
struct
ur
e
with
t
wo
cur
ved
par
ts
behi
nd
of
t
he
enc
l
osure
sim
ula
t
ed
base
d
on
num
eri
ca
l
m
et
ho
ds,
FD
TD,
MO
M
and
equi
valent
ci
rcu
it
for
be
tt
er
a
naly
s
is
of
e
lectr
om
agne
t
i
c
int
erf
ere
n
ce
.
Af
te
r
int
rodu
ci
ng
the
proposed
struct
ure
and
pre
sen
ti
ng
th
e
cur
vat
ur
e
the
or
y
,
sim
ulation
r
esult
s
are
displ
a
y
ed
and
compare
d
in
th
e
sele
c
te
d
fr
eque
n
c
y
ran
g
e
for
three
num
eri
c
al
m
e
t
hods.
It
h
as
be
en
show
n
tha
t
inc
re
asing
the
num
ber
of
ape
r
ture
s
b
y
red
u
cing
the
siz
e,
in
cre
ase
s
th
e
eff
ective
n
ess
of
the
prote
c
t
ive
shiel
d.
How
eve
r
,
inc
re
asing
the
num
ber
of
resona
nce
s
b
y
i
ncr
ea
sing
the
ap
ert
ure
s
indi
c
ates
the
importance
of
stud
y
in
g
the
equ
ipment
m
ore
pre
ci
se
l
y
bef
ore
choos
ing
the
stru
ct
ur
e
o
f
enclosure.
W
e
pre
sent
a
co
m
ple
x
struct
ure
for
the
enclosure
and
the
dif
f
er
ent
num
ber
and
dimensions
of
ape
r
ture
s
wi
th
diffe
r
ent
m
a
t
eri
a
ls
were
inves
ti
gat
ed
for
ana
l
y
z
ing
the
eff
ect
of
shiel
d
ing
on
el
ectro
m
agne
ti
c
in
te
rf
ere
nc
e.
Th
e
nec
essit
y
of
cho
osing
a
m
ore
eff
ec
t
ive
en
cl
osure
ac
cor
ding
to
th
e
fre
que
n
c
y
of
the
equi
pm
en
t
is
s
pecifi
ed.
Fi
nal
l
y
,
thr
ee
m
e
t
hods
of
num
eri
c
al
solut
ion,
FD
TD,
MO
M
and
ci
rcu
i
t
equal
compari
ti
on
wer
e
per
form
ed
wit
h
m
ea
sured
val
ue
.
Change
s
i
n
the
Shiel
ding
eff
ective
n
ess
and
the
num
ber
of
resona
nt
i
n
the
fre
qu
ency
r
a
nge
were
d
et
er
m
ine
d.
The
exact
ex
aminat
ion
of
equi
pm
en
t
req
uire
s
shie
lding
and
the
ir
fr
eque
nc
y
and
th
e
t
y
pe
of
insid
e
-
to
-
outsid
e
comm
unic
at
ion
devi
c
e
bef
ore
c
hoosing
shiel
di
n
is
important
.
W
e
used
a
compari
son
of
t
hre
e
num
erica
l
soluti
on
m
et
hod
s
for
exa
m
ini
ng
the
f
ield
distri
buti
on
in
a
complex
structure
enc
losur
e
with
diffe
r
ent
ap
e
rture
s
and
diffe
ren
t
m
at
eria
ls.
In
the
m
aj
ori
t
y
of
ca
ses,
th
e
proximit
y
of
th
e
m
ea
sured
val
ues
in
thi
s
fr
e
quency
r
ange
wi
th
the
MO
M
cur
ves
show
s
the
per
form
ance
of
thi
s m
et
hod
in
complex
struct
u
res.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Ap
e
rtu
r
es
Com
plex
struct
ur
e
Ele
ct
ro
m
agn
et
ic
interf
e
re
nce
Sh
ie
ldin
g
e
ffec
ti
ven
ess
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
A.
H. P
ours
oltan m
oh
am
m
ad
i,
Faculty
of Elec
tric
al
an
d C
om
pu
te
r
E
ng
i
n
eer
ing
,
Ur
m
ia
U
niv
e
rs
it
y, Ur
m
ia
-
Ir
an
Em
a
il
:
ah.
pour
so
lt
an@gm
ai
l.
com
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
At
pr
e
sent,
t
he
us
e
of
m
et
a
l
enclos
ur
e
s
has
increase
d
f
or
dev
ic
es
operati
ng
at
high
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
[
1]
.
In
the
fr
e
que
nc
y
of
ope
rati
on,
i
f
the
wavel
eng
th
ra
nge
and
the
dim
ensi
on
s
of
t
he
e
nclos
ur
e
are
c
lose,
the ef
fect o
f
th
e enclos
ure in t
he
inter
fere
nce
shou
l
d be w
el
l
inv
est
igate
d.
Ele
ct
ro
m
agn
et
ic
interf
e
re
nce (EI)
i
s
a
com
plex,
co
ntinuo
us
a
nd
r
andom
sign
al
,
an
d
re
quires
accurate
a
naly
sis
and
m
easur
em
ent
[2
]
.
I
n
fact,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Compari
son
of
Shiel
ding Eff
e
ct
iv
eness
in C
omplex C
ur
ve
d S
truct
ur
e wi
th
…
(
A. H
.
P
our
so
lt
an
moh
ammadi
)
1011
the
pr
es
ence
of
aper
tu
res
in
a
m
et
al
enclosu
r
e
is
du
e
to
the
pr
ese
nce
of
co
nn
ect
or
s
a
nd
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
cables
in
the
sh
ie
ldi
ng
e
nclos
ure.
Diff
e
ren
t
m
e
thods
of
num
erical
so
luti
on
are
us
e
d
to
com
pu
te
Sh
ie
lding
eff
ect
ive
ness
(S
E
)
i
n
c
om
plex
com
par
tm
ents
[3
]
.
T
o
cal
c
ulate
the
S
E
in
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ism
,
nu
m
erical
so
lu
ti
on
m
et
ho
ds
s
uch
a
s
Me
thod
of
Mom
ents
(MOM)
,
Finit
e
-
dif
fer
e
nce
ti
m
e
-
do
m
ai
n
(FDTD
)
m
et
ho
d
a
nd
E
qu
i
valent
Ci
rc
uit
Me
thods
(
ECM
)
are
us
e
d.
S
olv
i
ng
t
he
integral
e
qu
at
i
on
s
i
n
el
ect
r
om
agn
et
ic
with
us
i
ng
num
erical
m
et
ho
ds
is
stud
ie
d
f
or
m
or
e
than
4
decad
es
.
Sim
ple
sh
a
pes
in
the
f
or
m
of
sq
ua
re
an
d
rectan
gu
la
r
cy
li
nd
e
rs,
ci
rcles
,
et
c.
ha
ve
bee
n
a
naly
zed
ov
e
r
deca
des
[
4].
The
us
e
of
bas
ic
functi
ons
in
m
any
of
these
num
erical
m
et
ho
ds
a
nd
tra
ns
f
or
m
ing
the
inte
gr
al
e
qu
at
io
n
i
nto
a
l
inear
syst
em
and
fi
nally
,
so
l
vi
ng
it
with
di
rect
m
e
thods
a
nd
rep
e
ti
ti
on
is
the
ide
al
so
luti
on
to
a
chieve
t
he
desi
red
goal
[5
]
.
T
he
sim
plest
m
e
thod
for
so
lvi
ng
el
e
ct
ro
m
agn
et
ic
pr
oble
m
s
is
the
FD
M
num
eric
al
so
luti
on
m
eth
od,
wh
ic
h
co
nv
e
rts
the
dif
fe
ren
ti
al
equ
at
io
n
int
o
pa
rtia
l
diff
ere
ntial
equ
at
io
ns
.
I
n
this
way,
the
whole
area
is
div
ide
d
int
o
no
des.
T
he
dif
fere
ntial
appr
ox
im
at
ion
of
the
ori
gina
l
equ
at
ion
is
wr
it
te
n
for
them
and
so
lv
ed
with
us
i
ng
al
geb
raic
al
ge
br
ai
c
equ
at
io
ns
m
at
rix.
T
his
m
at
rix
i
s
ver
y
la
r
ge
a
fter
the
s
olu
ti
on
an
d
do
e
s
not
support
the
op
en
re
gion,
w
hich
is
on
e
of
the
im
p
or
ta
nt
pro
blem
s
of
this
so
l
ution
[
6
-
7].
F
DT
D
is
a
hybri
d
nu
m
erical
m
eth
od
a
nd
us
ed
to
s
olve
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
prob
le
m
s.
B
ecause
the
ri
gor
ous
num
eric
al
m
et
ho
d
an
d
the
asym
pto
tic
schem
e
do
no
t
wor
k
well
,
the
com
bin
ed
m
et
ho
d
is
m
or
e
ef
fecti
ve
in
so
lvi
ng
pro
blem
s
in
co
m
plex
struct
ur
es
[
8
-
10]
.
In
t
he
m
et
hod
of
m
om
ents,
as
an
a
dvanc
ed
nu
m
erical
so
lu
ti
on
,
i
ns
te
ad
of
us
in
g
Ma
xwel
l
diff
e
re
ntial
equ
at
io
ns,
the
I
nteg
ral
respo
ns
e
s
of
Ma
xw
el
l’s
E
quat
ions
are
us
e
d.
F
or
this
rea
s
on,
I
f
G
ree
n'
s
fu
nctio
n
is
known
,
the
functi
on
of
th
e
MOM
m
et
ho
d
is
excell
ent
for
s
olv
in
g
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
pro
blem
s
in
com
plex
str
uc
tures
[
4]
an
d
[11].
To
analy
ze
the
fiel
d
distribu
t
ion
on
the
oute
r
and
in
ne
r
su
r
faces
of
a
m
et
al
enclosu
re
,
m
et
ho
d
of
m
om
ent
nu
m
erical
m
eth
od
is
a
n
e
ff
ic
ie
nt
m
e
tho
d.
I
n
this
m
et
hod,
by
a
pp
ly
in
g
boun
dar
y
c
ondit
ion
s
,
the
accu
r
acy
of
fiel
d
cal
culat
ion
s
ha
s
bee
n
i
m
pr
oved
[
12
]
.
A
n
el
ect
r
oma
gn
et
ic
c
om
patibil
it
y
analy
si
s
of
the
c
om
po
ne
nt
s
inside
the
enc
losure
is
easy
for
sim
ple
struct
ur
es
with
ordina
ry
ge
ome
tric
sh
a
pes.
Howe
ver,
the
pr
eci
s
e
analy
sis of the
perform
ance o
f
co
m
po
ne
nts in
the c
om
plex
struct
ur
e
with a
pe
rtur
e
s is
diff
ic
ult an
d
c
om
ple
x i
n
te
rm
s
of
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
interfe
ren
ce
.
S
o
it
need
s
t
o
be
r
eviewe
d
an
d
c
om
pu
te
d.
W
it
h
the
adv
a
ncem
ent
of
te
chnolo
gy,
th
e
grow
t
h
of
el
ect
ronic
eq
uipm
ent
is
faster
than
befor
e
[13].
Ele
ct
ro
m
agn
et
ic
interfe
re
nce
ha
s
beco
m
e
m
or
e
and
m
or
e
com
plex
i
n
the
e
nvir
on
m
ents,
an
d
as
a
res
ult,
t
he
im
po
rtance
of
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
com
patibil
ity analy
sis has
inc
reased
.
Fo
r
this
reas
on,
the
perf
or
m
ance
a
naly
sis
of
com
plex
str
uc
tures
with
dif
f
eren
t
num
ber
of
a
pe
rtu
res
and
dif
fer
e
nt
s
hap
e
s
will
pro
vid
e
a
m
or
e
accurate
un
derst
and
i
ng
of
t
he
de
structive
e
ff
ect
s
of
el
ect
r
om
a
gn
et
ic
interfe
ren
ce
.
T
he
enclo
sure
w
it
h
com
plex
structu
re,
with
diff
e
ren
t
dim
ension
s
of
a
per
t
ur
e
s,
has
bee
n
stu
died
and
com
par
e
d
with
dif
fer
e
nt
num
erical
m
e
thods
t
o
in
ves
ti
gate
the
inte
rf
e
ren
ce
ef
fects
of
the
eq
uipm
ent
instal
le
d
in
th
e
enclos
ure.
T
he
in
ve
sti
gate
d
s
hieldin
g
ca
n
create
good
conditi
ons
f
or
accurate
op
e
ra
ti
on
of
high
-
fr
e
quency
circuits i
n c
om
pr
essed
a
nd
confine
d
s
pace
s [1, 2].
2.
ANALYZ
ING
S
HIEL
D
IN
G
E
FFECTI
VE
NESS WIT
H
D
IFFE
RENT
N
U
MER
IC
A
L
M
ET
HO
DS
At
pr
ese
nt,
dif
fer
e
nt
sh
a
pes
of
m
et
al
enclosu
res
a
re
us
e
d
to
reduce
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
interfe
re
nce.
Sh
ie
ldin
g
e
ff
e
ct
iveness
is
an
i
m
po
rta
nt
pa
r
a
m
et
er
for
design
an
d
sel
ect
io
n
of
t
he
e
nclos
ur
e
.
T
his
c
oeff
ic
ie
nt
can
be
cal
c
ulate
d by usi
ng e
quat
ions
1
a
nd 2 [
12
]
,
[
14
]
.
=
20
10
|
|
(1)
=
20
10
|
|
(2)
2
.
1.
In
ves
tig
at
i
on
of
El
ect
rom
agnetic
In
terferenc
e
in
Co
m
plex
Cu
r
ved
St
ruc
tu
re
w
ith
A
pert
ur
es
b
y
Equi
va
le
nt
Ci
rcui
t Meth
od
The
c
om
plex
s
tructu
re
of
the
enclo
sure
is
s
how
n
in
Fig
ure
1.
Co
ns
ide
ri
ng
the
a
ppeara
nce
of
these
enclos
ur
e
s,
it
can
be
e
xp
ect
ed
that
c
onditi
on
s
will
be
prov
i
ded
to
us
e
functi
onal
an
d
com
pact
encl
os
ures
instea
d
of
sim
ple
rectan
gula
r
and
s
quare
e
nc
losures
in
t
he
fu
t
ur
e.
The
i
nt
ern
al
cu
rv
at
ure
in
both
si
des
of
th
e
enclos
ur
e
s
an
d
the
dif
fer
e
nt
nu
m
ber
of
a
pe
rtur
e
s
m
akes
the
analy
ti
cal
cal
culat
ion
s
c
om
plex
and
s
pe
ci
fic.
The
ape
rtu
res
act
as
the
actu
al
m
od
el
fo
r
the
arr
ival
a
nd
de
par
t
ur
e
of
com
m
un
ic
at
i
on
e
quipm
ent
in
th
e
enclos
ur
e
s.
T
he
eff
ect
of
this
structu
ral
f
orm
on
the
el
ect
ric
fiel
d
a
nd
t
he
intensit
y
of
t
he
fiel
d
a
re
s
how
n
in
Fig
ure
2
[
15]
.
The
sp
eci
ficat
ion
of
the
e
nclosure
wall
i
ncl
ud
e
s
is,
K
t
he
co
nductivit
y,
δ
ef
fect
of
the
wall
thickne
ss,
an
d
ε
r
the
relat
iv
e
pe
rm
eabil
i
ty
coeffic
ie
nt.
F
or
e
xc
it
ing
tw
o
s
hort
m
on
opoles
A
nten
na
a
re
us
e
d
in
the
coor
din
at
e
s
(x
1
,
y
1
,
0)
a
nd
(
x
2
,
y
2
,
0).
L
is
le
ng
th
of
the
An
te
nna
and
r
is
the
ra
diu
s
of
the
A
nt
enn
a.
The
c
har
act
eri
sti
cs
of
the
pr
ob
e
s
an
d
Pa
ra
m
et
ers
for
desi
gn
of
the
e
ncl
os
ure
a
re
s
hown
i
n
Ta
ble
1.
W
e
us
e
Coaxial
cable
for
supp
ly
[
16]
.
Me
ta
l
sh
ie
lding
is
on
e
of
the
m
ai
n
too
ls
f
or
pr
e
vent
ing
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
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4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1010
–
1019
1012
interfe
ren
ce
,
w
hich
is
a
gu
a
ra
ntee
of
el
ect
r
om
agn
et
ic
com
patibil
it
y
in
el
ect
ronic
eq
uipm
ent.
SE
c
oe
f
fici
ent
sp
eci
fies
t
he
s
hieldin
g
e
ff
ic
i
ency
of
a
m
etal
enclos
ure.
The
pr
e
sence
of
ape
rtu
res
on
the
w
al
l
of
enclos
ur
e
changes
the
be
hav
i
or of the
s
hields.
Figure
1
.
The
Com
plex
Curv
ed
St
ru
ct
ur
e
wi
th Ape
rtur
e
s
Figure
2
.
Distri
bu
ti
on
of m
agnet
ic
(
a) a
nd ele
ct
ric
(b) fi
el
d
i
n
a c
om
plex
s
pe
ci
al
stru
ct
ure
Table
1.
C
har
a
ct
erist
ic
s co
m
plex
str
uctu
re e
nclos
ur
e
Cav
iti
Cu
rr
en
t Pr
o
b
e 1
Cu
rr
en
t Pr
o
b
e 2
L
x
=4
0
0
m
m
L
y
=5
0
0
m
m
X
1
=9
0
m
m
y
1
=1
1
0
m
m
X
2
=1
2
0
m
m
y
2
=3
0
0
m
m
L
z
=3
0
0
m
m
r
0
=1
0
0
m
m
L
1
=1
m
m
L
2
=1
m
m
∈
r
=
2
.
2
k
=
10
5
s
/
m
The
sim
ulati
on
of
the
SE
coeffic
ie
nt
in
com
plex
struc
tures
with
a
pe
rtur
e
s
is
co
m
pl
ic
at
ed
by
consi
der
i
ng
t
he
so
luti
on
of
wav
e
guide.
T
he
refor
e
,
it
is
necessary
to
use
the
best
m
e
t
hod
f
or
cal
c
ulati
ng
th
e
SE
coe
ff
ic
ie
nt
in
encl
osu
re
w
hen
res
on
a
nce
pro
blem
s
occu
r
f
or
la
r
ge
el
ect
ric
fiel
ds
[3
]
.
The
eval
uatio
n
and
com
pu
ta
ti
on
of
fiel
d
pa
ram
e
te
rs
at
com
m
o
n
boun
dar
ie
s
betwee
n
tw
o
diff
e
re
nt
ph
ysi
cal
env
ir
on
m
ents
is
necessa
ry. T
he
boun
dar
y c
on
diti
on
s
are sh
own
in
Fig
ure
3.
Figure
3. Bo
undar
y c
onditi
on
s in
a
co
m
plex st
ru
ct
ure
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Ind
on
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c Eng &
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Sci
IS
S
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25
02
-
4752
Compari
son
of
Shiel
ding Eff
e
ct
iv
eness
in C
omplex C
ur
ve
d S
truct
ur
e wi
th
…
(
A. H
.
P
our
so
lt
an
moh
ammadi
)
1013
The
ta
nge
ntial
fiel
d
com
pone
nts
E
are
co
ntinuo
us
al
on
g
the
w
hole
bo
unda
ry
(E
qu
at
ion
3).
T
he
Ver
ti
cal
fiel
d
com
po
ne
nts
is
cal
culat
ed
at
the
bo
unda
ry
of
the
tw
o
m
at
e
rial
s
of
E
quat
ion
9,
w
her
e
D
is
the
densi
ty
o
f
t
he f
lux
a
nd
ρ
is t
he surface
elec
tric
al
ch
ar
ge de
ns
i
ty
[
18
,
19]
.
∇
.
=
(3)
∇
×
=
0
(4)
1
=
2
(
)
(5)
1
−
2
=
(
2
)
(6)
′
=
"
=
∫
.
,
=
∫
.
̅
,
=
∫
̅
(7)
The
boun
dar
y
conditi
ons
of
B
and
H
vect
ors
analy
sis
are
necessary
in
env
i
ronm
ents
with
diff
e
ren
t
ph
ysi
cal
pr
operti
es.
The
sta
ti
c
m
agn
et
is
cha
racteri
z
e
d
by
fun
dam
ental
eq
uations
as
Eq
uatio
ns
8.
Since
di
verge
nc
e
of
B
is
ze
ro
in
Eq
uatio
n
9,
we
co
ncl
ud
e
t
hat
the
ver
ti
cal
com
po
ne
nt
of
B
is
con
ti
nu
ous
to
cro
ss
es
the
bo
unda
ries.
By
t
he
inte
gr
al
for
m
of
the
Kear
l
eq
uation,
the
bounda
ry
c
ondi
ti
on
s
of
t
he
ta
ng
e
n
ti
al
m
agn
et
ic
f
ie
ld
com
po
ne
nt ar
e
calc
ulate
d fro
m
Eq
uation 1
0, w
hich
J
sn
is t
he
s
urface
flo
w de
ns
it
y [18
-
20]
.
∇
×
=
0
(8)
1
=
2
(9)
1
−
2
=
(
)
(10)
ℎ′
=
ℎ
"
=
∫
.
,
=
∫
.
̅
,
=
∫
̅
(11)
ℎ
=
+
,
=
−
,
=
0
,
=
(12)
In
t
he
eq
ui
valent
ci
rcu
it
m
et
ho
d,
the
c
urve
d
vo
l
um
e
at
the
beh
i
nd
of
the
c
om
plex
struct
ure
is
excit
ed
by
curre
nt
pro
bes.
T
he
eq
uiva
le
nt
i
m
ped
an
ce
betwee
n
the
se
probes
is
obta
ined
by
usi
ng
the
po
wer
ba
la
nce.
An
al
ysi
s
of
t
he
Helm
ho
lt
z
equ
at
io
n
f
or
a
c
urve
d
s
urface
with
a
volum
e
V
a
nd
a
c
onta
ct
su
r
face
S
ha
s
bee
n
perform
ed.
T
he
el
ect
ric
Fiel
d
is
di
vid
e
d
i
n
t
wo
sect
io
ns
,
a
ro
ta
ti
onal
pa
rt
with
a
zer
o
di
verge
nce
(
E
n
)
an
d
a
non
-
r
otati
on
al
Secti
on
w
it
h
a
zero
C
ur
l
(
F
m
).
Fi
nally
,
the
total
m
agn
et
ic
fiel
d
is
com
pu
te
d
an
d
dis
play
ed.
T
he
total
el
ect
ric
fi
el
d
equ
at
io
n
is
giv
en
(
Eq
uation
13).
Since
t
he
non
-
r
otati
onal
par
t
is
zero,
we
nee
d
to
stud
y
the
ro
ta
ti
onal
sec
ti
on
.
T
his
form
ula
based
on
the
Helm
ho
lt
z
e
qu
at
io
n
is
as
fo
ll
ow
s
(E
quat
io
n
14).
Give
n
E
quat
io
ns
(
13)
an
d
(
14)
,
E
quat
io
n
(
15)
is
obta
ine
d.
Be
cau
se
E
n
an
d
F
m
are
or
th
ogon
al
,
e
qu
at
io
ns
16
and
17
a
re
cal
c
ulate
d.
Usi
ng
the
el
ect
ric
fiel
d
e
xp
a
ns
i
on
m
od
el
(E
qu
at
i
on
13)
an
d
us
in
g
Eq
uations
16
a
nd
17
,
we
can
cal
cul
at
e
the
total
im
ped
ance
of
the
w
hole
syst
e
m
(
Z
IJ
)
as
a
tw
o
-
port
net
wor
k
with
ports
I
a
nd
J,
wh
ic
h
is s
how
n
in
E
qu
at
io
n 1
9.
=
∑
+
∞
0
(13)
∇
×
∇
×
−
2
=
−
(14)
∑
−
(
2
−
2
)
,
<
,
>
(
−
2
)
=
−
∞
=
0
(15)
=
(
2
−
2
)
,
<
,
>
(16)
=
1
,
<
,
>
(17)
=
∗
∑
<
,
>
<
,
∗
>
(
2
−
2
)
,
∞
=
0
+
1
∗
∑
<
,
>
<
,
∗
>
,
∞
=
0
(18)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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S
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:
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4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1010
–
1019
1014
2
.
2
.
Shiel
din
g
eff
ec
tive
ness
by
FDT
D Met
ho
d
Finit
e
Diff
e
re
nce
Tim
e
Do
m
ai
n
Me
tho
d
(F
D
TD
)
is
an
eff
ic
ie
nt
m
eth
od
f
or
so
l
ving
Ma
xwel
l'
s
equ
at
io
ns.
T
he
m
a
in
wea
kn
e
ss
of
this
m
eth
od
is
t
he
dive
rg
e
nce
e
rror,
w
hich
a
ff
ect
s
the
ac
c
ur
acy
of
t
he
nu
m
erical
so
lu
ti
on
.
T
he
pres
ence
of
sta
irs
and
c
urves
in
com
plex
struct
ur
es
has
a
ne
ga
ti
ve
eff
ect
on
the
conve
rg
e
nce
of
this
m
e
tho
d.
To
so
l
ve
this
prob
le
m
,
the
com
bin
at
ion
of
this
m
e
tho
d
with
the
H
O
m
et
ho
d
(h
i
gh
e
r
order
FD
T
D)
is
use
d
[
15
]
.
I
n
Fi
g
ure
4.
the
c
oor
di
nates
of
t
he
e
nc
losure
in
the
bounda
ry
re
gi
on
are
visible.
Figure
4. Co
ordinates
of the
e
nclos
ur
e
in
t
he B
oundary
reg
i
on
It
is
assum
ed
that
the
bounda
ry
sp
eci
fie
d
wi
th
n
̂
=
(
n
̂
u
,
n
̂
v
,
n
̂
w
)
in
Fi
gure
4
is
a
norm
al
un
it
vecto
r
.
The
c
om
po
ne
nt
s
of
t
he
c
ov
a
riance
of
t
he
el
e
ct
ric
and
m
agn
et
ic
fiel
ds
E
cv
mt
an
d
H
cv
mt
on
the
boun
da
ry
betwee
n
the tw
o regi
ons A
a
nd B a
nd
for
the
v
al
ues of
μ
mt
and
ε
mt
are cal
culat
ed
as
foll
ows.
̂
×
=
̂
×
̂
.
=
̂
.
(19
)
̂
×
=
̂
×
̂
.
=
̂
.
(20
)
If
i
n
the
FDTD
m
e
tho
d,
we
as
sign
t
he
(
i
,
j
,
k
)
≡
(
i
∆
u
,
j
∆
v
,
k
∆
w
)
cha
ra
ct
er t
o
t
he
cel
l’
s coordinate
s a
s
in
F
ig
ure
4.
W
e
assign
a
para
m
et
er
to
each
cel
l
with
respec
t
to
it
s
distance
f
ro
m
the
wall
.
This
c
oe
ff
ic
ie
nt
β
i
,
j
,
k
mt
de
pends
on
t
he
geo
m
et
ric
sh
ape
of
t
he
bo
unda
ries.
By
a
pp
ly
in
g
t
he
ce
ntral
finite
di
f
fer
e
nce
a
nd
th
e
above
def
i
niti
ons,
t
he
discrete
form
of
the
M
axw
el
l
e
qu
at
io
ns
is
as
f
ollows.
T
hese
f
orm
ulas
are
prese
nt
ed
f
or
H
u
in
tw
o
re
gion
s
A
a
nd
B
.
W
e
exte
nd
H
u
B
by
us
in
g
Eq
uatio
n
21.
All
Ma
xwel
l
e
qu
at
io
ns
are
s
olv
e
d
by
nu
m
erical
m
eth
ods,
a
nd the a
naly
sis o
f
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
int
erf
e
ren
ce
b
y t
he
SE
is
possibl
e
[
15
]
.
(
,
,
)
=
(
1
+
,
,
)
(
−
1
2
,
,
)
+
,
,
(
−
3
2
,
,
)
(21)
4
(
,
,
)
=
̆
(
,
−
1
2
,
−
1
2
)
+
̆
(
,
+
1
2
,
−
1
2
)
+
̆
(
,
+
1
2
,
+
1
2
)
+
̆
(
,
−
1
2
,
+
1
2
)
(22)
2
(
,
,
)
=
̆
(
,
+
1
2
,
)
+
̆
(
,
−
1
2
,
)
(23)
(
,
,
)
=
̆
(
,
+
1
2
,
)
+
∆
(
(
,
+
1
2
,
+
1
)
−
(
,
+
1
2
,
)
∆
−
(
,
+
1
2
,
+
1
)
−
(
,
,
+
1
2
)
∆
)
(24)
2
.
3
.
S
hiel
ding
Ef
fecti
venes
s by MO
M M
eth
od
:
The
c
urve
d
sec
ti
on
in
t
his
en
c
losure
need
s
a
ccur
at
e
a
naly
sis
an
d
sim
ple
nu
m
erical
m
e
tho
ds
will
not
be
res
pons
i
ve.
The
MOM
num
erical
so
lutio
n
m
et
ho
d
ca
n
so
l
ve
this
pr
ob
le
m
.
The
w
ay
of
so
l
ving
in
this
m
et
ho
d
is
the
basic
e
qu
at
i
ons
of
el
ect
r
om
a
gn
et
ic
fiel
ds
,
wh
ic
h
fiel
ds
a
r
e
obta
ine
d
i
n
a
boun
dar
y
co
ndit
ion
by
nu
m
erical
so
lu
ti
on
of
the
se
e
qu
at
io
ns.
Final
ly
,
so
lvin
g
the
m
at
rix
(d
e
pe
nding
on
t
he
ty
pe
of
pro
blem
and
it
s
conve
rg
e
nce)
i
s
done
by
nu
m
erical
so
luti
on
.
T
o
so
lv
e
th
e
div
er
ge
nce
pro
blem
of
the
integral
ex
pa
nsi
on
at
high
f
reque
ncies,
the
com
bina
ti
on
of
physi
cal
op
ti
cs
an
d
MOM
is
us
ed
in
si
m
ulati
on
.
This
sim
ulati
o
n
has
been
perform
e
d
at
0
-
3
gig
a
her
tz
of
fr
e
qu
ency
range
so
we
can
say
that
the
com
bin
at
ion
of
MO
M
and
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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on
esi
a
n
J
E
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m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Compari
son
of
Shiel
ding Eff
e
ct
iv
eness
in C
omplex C
ur
ve
d S
truct
ur
e wi
th
…
(
A. H
.
P
our
so
lt
an
moh
ammadi
)
1015
ph
ysi
cal
op
ti
c
s
will
res
pond
to
the
sim
u
la
ti
on
of
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
fie
lds
in
com
plex
str
uctu
re
at
high
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
[17].
T
he
fiel
d
equ
at
io
n
ca
n
be
wr
it
te
n
as
Eq
uation
25
wh
it
c
on
si
der
i
ng
the
e
xisten
ce
of
E
i
i
(
−
M
s
)
+
E
t
i
(
J
i
)
=
0
in
the
encl
os
ure
a
nd
E
t
0
(
J
in
c
)
+
E
t
0
(
M
s
)
+
E
t
0
(
J
0
)
=
0
ou
t
of
the
e
nclos
ur
e
.
Helm
ho
lt
z
'
s
eq
uation
f
or
c
orr
ect
ion
of
el
ect
r
ic
fiel
d
is
us
e
d
in
tw
o
pa
rts
of
r
otati
onal
wit
h
a
z
er
o
div
e
rgence
(
E
n
)
an
d
non
-
r
ot
at
ion
a
l
with
a
zero
C
ur
l
(
F
m
).
T
he
m
agn
et
ic
fi
el
d
an
d
t
otal
el
ect
ric
fiel
d
a
re
cal
culat
ed
a
nd
represe
nted
with
us
in
g
the
He
l
m
ho
lt
z
equ
at
i
on.
Th
e
non
-
ci
rcu
la
r
pa
rt
is
em
pt
y,
so
the
st
ud
y
of
the
ci
rc
ulati
on
sect
ion
is
s
uffi
ci
ent.
T
he
ba
sic
idea
of
M
O
M
is
that
t
he
unkn
own
quanti
ty
f
is
ex
pande
d
to
a
set
of
L
inear
Inde
pende
nt
F
un
ct
io
ns
w
hich
is
ap
prox
im
ated
by
the
fo
ll
owin
g
li
m
it
ed
series
(E
quat
ion
26).
α
n
is
the
we
ight
factor.
Af
te
r
con
si
der
i
ng
the
bounda
ry
cond
it
ion
s,
we
de
fi
ne
the
inter
nal
m
ul
ti
plica
ti
on
or
a
m
o
m
ent
b
et
ween
the fu
nd
am
ental
f
unct
io
n
f
n
(
r
′
)
an
d
the
w
ei
gh
t
f
unct
ion
f
m
(
r
)
wh
ic
h i
s
shown i
n
E
qu
at
ion
27
[
12, 1
6]
.
0
(
)
+
0
(
)
+
0
(
0
)
=
(
−
)
+
(
)
(25)
≈
∑
=
1
(26)
〈
,
〉
=
∫
(
)
.
∫
(
′
)
′
(27)
3.
S
IM
ULATI
O
N AND
C
O
M
PUTIN
G
Var
i
ou
s
m
agn
et
ic
m
at
erial
s
su
c
h
as
i
ron,
coppe
r
a
nd
zi
nc
a
re
c
omm
o
nly
us
e
d
for
e
qu
i
pm
ent
as
passive
s
hielding.
T
he
acc
ura
te
us
e
of
the
shi
el
din
g
m
et
hod
can
be
us
e
d
as
a
way
t
o
redu
ce
an
d
el
im
ina
te
the
destr
uctive
ef
f
ect
s
of
el
ect
r
om
agn
et
ic
fiel
ds
on
eq
uip
m
ent.
Sh
ie
ldi
ng
ca
n
be
place
d
ar
ound
ci
rc
uits,
syst
e
m
s,
wires
or
c
omm
un
ic
at
ion
cables
[
23
]
.
T
he
reducti
on
of
the
ra
diant
el
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
fiel
d
in
the
s
hielding
i
s
determ
ined
by
the
SE
c
oeffici
ent
[
24
-
27
]
.
A
n
e
nclos
ur
e
wi
th
dim
ension
s
of
20*2
0*40
is
si
m
ulat
ed
with
th
e
aper
t
ur
e
an
d
t
he
sim
ulati
on
of
S
hieldin
g
e
ff
ect
ive
ness
is
pe
rfor
m
ed
by
us
i
ng
th
ree
m
et
ho
ds
of
nu
m
erical
so
luti
on,
F
DT
D,
MOM
a
nd
equ
i
valent
ci
r
cuit
in
a
Curv
ed
encl
osure
with
A
per
t
ur
e
s.
This
sim
ulati
on
is
perform
ed
in
f
our
ste
ps
i
n
th
e
enclos
ur
e
.
O
ne
tim
e,
this
si
m
ulati
on
was
perform
ed
with
a
la
rg
e
10*2
0
cm
wide
a
per
t
ur
e
(F
ig
ure
5)
an
d
then
with
12,
36
an
d
60
s
m
al
l
aper
tures
(F
ig
ure
7
-
9).
The
SE
cu
rv
e
for
the
m
agn
et
ic
an
d
el
ect
ric
fiel
d
is
show
n
in
Fig
ure
6.
Finall
y,
the
val
ues
of
di
ff
ere
nt
num
er
ic
al
so
lvin
g
m
et
hods
are c
om
par
ed wit
h
the
m
easur
ed
v
al
ues
a
nd
are s
how
n
in
F
ig
ure
10.
Figure
5. Re
ct
angular
en
cl
os
ure
with a lar
ge
aper
t
ur
e i
n
it
s
center
Figure
6. SE c
urve
for (a)
the
m
agn
et
ic
f
ie
ld (b)
t
he
el
ect
ric
f
ie
ld
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1010
–
1019
1016
Figure
7. Encl
os
ure
with
12 a
per
t
ur
es
(2*2 c
m
)
(b
) SE c
urv
e
Figure
8. Encl
os
ure
with
36 a
per
t
ur
es
(2*2 c
m
)
(b
) SE c
urv
e
Figure
9. Encl
os
ure
with
60 a
per
t
ur
es
(2*2 c
m
)
(b
) SE c
urv
e
Figure
10. C
om
par
ison
betw
een three
num
e
rical
so
luti
on
m
et
ho
ds wit
h
m
easur
ed
v
al
ue
s of SE c
urve
with
60
aper
t
ur
es
(2*2
c
m
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Compari
son
of
Shiel
ding Eff
e
ct
iv
eness
in C
omplex C
ur
ve
d S
truct
ur
e wi
th
…
(
A. H
.
P
our
so
lt
an
moh
ammadi
)
1017
In
the
final
sec
ti
on
,
we
at
tempt
to
eval
uate
the
SE
with
us
i
ng
dif
fer
e
nt
m
at
erial
s
and
m
easur
e
t
heir
i
m
pact
on
th
e
qual
it
y
of
th
e
enclos
ure
ef
fici
ency.
We
hav
e
ch
os
e
n
t
hr
ee
m
at
erial
s,
Iro
n,
C
oppe
r
an
d
Mu
-
Me
ta
l. S
i
m
ula
ti
on
of
SE
curves
w
it
h di
ff
e
ren
t m
at
erial
s is shown i
n Fi
gures 1
1
-
13.
Figure
11. SE
E and
H fie
ld c
urves
i
n
the
Iron e
nclos
ur
e
Figure
12. SE
E and
H fie
ld c
urves
i
n
the
M
u
-
Me
ta
l encl
osure
Figure
13. SE
E and
H fie
ld c
urves
i
n
the
Co
pp
e
r
e
nclos
ure
4.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
In
t
his
pa
per,
the
ef
fect
of
diff
e
re
nt
ape
r
tures
a
nd
m
ater
ia
l
on
t
he
s
hieldin
g
ef
fect
iveness
i
n
a
com
plex
struc
ture
has
be
en
accom
plished
by
three
m
eth
ods
of
num
e
rical
so
luti
on,
FD
T
D,
M
O
M
an
d
equ
i
valent
ci
rc
uit.
The
c
om
pl
ex
str
uctu
r
e
of
the
enclos
ure,
desp
it
e
it
s
curvatu
re
in
the
e
nclos
ur
e
,
al
lo
ws
the
equ
i
pm
ent
to
be
m
ini
m
iz
ed
and
opti
m
iz
es
the
dim
ensions.
in
fact,
T
he
us
e
of
ape
rtu
r
es
in
the
wall
of
t
he
enclos
ur
e
is
due
to
the
m
od
el
ing
of
the
co
nn
ect
io
n
of
ca
bles
an
d
ve
ntil
at
ion
.
T
he
encl
os
ure
sim
ulatio
n
was
perform
ed
to
determ
ine
the
sh
ie
ldi
ng
ef
f
ect
iveness
i
n
four
di
ff
e
ren
t
com
par
tm
ent
s
an
d
t
hr
ee
di
ff
ere
nt
m
at
erial
s
in
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
range
of
0
-
3
gi
gah
e
rt
z.
Wh
at
is
cl
ea
rly
visible
is
t
he
high
le
vel
of
eff
ect
ive
ness
a
t
low
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
1010
–
1019
1018
fr
e
qu
e
ncies i
n al
l t
hr
ee n
um
erical
m
et
ho
ds
. I
ncr
easi
ng the
num
ber
of a
per
t
ur
es
and
decr
e
asi
ng
it
s
dim
ension
s
,
m
akes
the
sh
ie
lding
bette
r,
but
the
num
ber
of
resona
nce
points
al
so
i
ncr
e
ases.
The
sim
u
la
ti
on
show
s
th
at
the
MOM
m
et
ho
d
is
cl
os
er
to
t
he
m
easur
ed
val
ues
for
m
o
st
of
the
sel
ect
ed
f
reque
ncy
ra
nge,
w
hich
e
xp
la
ins
on
the accu
racy
of this m
et
ho
d
i
n com
plex
str
uc
tures.
The
us
e
of
different
m
at
erial
s
in
the
product
ion
of
the
encl
os
ure
sho
ws
th
at
the
Mu
-
m
e
t
al
enclosure
is
bette
r
an
d
the
SE
in
t
his
enclos
ur
e
is
optim
al
ly
increased
th
rou
ghout
the
entire
f
reque
ncy
rang
e.
Th
e
pr
ese
nce
of
r
eso
nan
t
points
in
f
re
qu
e
ncy
range
,
T
he
i
m
po
rtance
of
ch
oo
si
ng
the
exact
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
of
equ
i
pm
ent is sh
ow
n.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Lo
y
a
S,
Khan
H
.
Anal
y
sis
Of
Sh
ie
ldi
ng
Eff
ectiveness
In
The
El
ectric
Fi
el
d
And
Magne
tic
Fiel
d
And
Plane
W
ave
For Infi
nite
She
e
t
Met
al
s
.
Inte
rna
ti
onal Journal
o
f
Elec
tromagnet
i
cs
and
App
lications
.
2007
;
6
(2):
31
-
41.
[2]
Li
W
,
W
ei
G,
Pan
X,
Lu
X
.
E
lectr
om
agne
t
ic
Com
pat
ibi
lit
y
Pred
i
ct
ion
Method
U
nder
th
e
Mult
ifr
eque
nc
y
in
-
B
an
d
Inte
rfe
r
ence Env
ironment
.
IEEE T
rans
act
ions o
n
El
e
ct
rom
agnet
i
c
Compatibi
l
ity.
2
018
;
6
(
2
):
341
-
3
55.
[3]
Dehkhoda
P,
T
a
vakol
i
A,
Moin
i
R.
Fast
Calcul
a
ti
on
of
Th
e
Shie
ldi
ng
Eff
ec
t
ive
n
ess
For
A
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tangular
En
cl
osur
e
Of
Finit
e
W
al
l
Thi
ckn
ess
And
W
it
h
Num
ero
us
Sm
al
l
Ap
ert
ure
s
.
Progress
In
El
e
ct
rom
agnet
i
c
s
Re
search.
200
8
;
PIER
86
:
241
-
25
0.
[4]
Varm
azy
ar
S,
Moghada
s
H
M
N,
Masouri
Z.
A
m
o
m
ent
m
et
hod
sim
ula
ti
on
o
f
El
e
ct
rom
agnet
ic
sca
tt
er
ing
fro
m
Conduct
ing
bodi
es
.
Progress
in
El
e
ct
rom
agnet
i
c
s R
ese
arch
.
200
8
;
PIER
89
:
99
-
1
19
.
[5]
Delve
s
L
M,
Moham
ed
J
L.
Co
m
puta
ti
onal
Met
hods
for
Inte
gra
l
Equations
.
Ca
mbr
idge
Unive
r
sity
Press
.
198
5
;
Cambridge.
[6]
Tofl
ove
A,
Hag
ness
S
C.
Com
puta
ti
on
E
le
c
tro
d
y
nami
cs:
Th
e
Finit
e
Dif
fer
en
c
e
T
ime
Dom
ai
n
Method
.
Art
ech
Hous
e
,
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ood.
[7]
Tofl
ove
A,
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