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D
ad
d
er
s
[
3
-
5
]
.
T
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
o
f
r
ev
er
s
ib
le
lo
g
ic
ad
d
er
s
is
th
at
it
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
w
ell
in
ter
m
s
o
f
p
o
w
er
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
an
d
lo
g
ic
co
u
n
t,
h
o
w
ev
er
it
i
s
p
r
o
n
e
to
h
ig
h
er
d
elay
.
I
n
a
p
io
n
ee
r
w
o
r
k
o
n
B
C
D
ad
d
itio
n
,
u
s
ed
m
u
lt
ip
lex
er
f
o
r
th
e
ad
d
i
tio
n
o
f
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
b
its
[6
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
x
er
s
f
o
r
co
n
s
tan
t
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
r
ed
u
ce
s
d
elay
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
s
tate
o
f
ar
t a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
B
C
D
ad
d
er
u
s
in
g
an
al
y
ze
r
cir
c
u
it
f
o
r
ca
r
r
y
g
e
n
e
r
atio
n
[7
]
.
T
h
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
ates
in
t
h
e
cr
itical
p
at
h
o
f
co
r
r
ec
ti
o
n
cir
cu
it
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
to
tal
d
el
a
y
o
f
t
h
e
c
ir
cu
it.
I
n
a
n
o
v
el
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
f
o
r
B
C
D
ad
d
itio
n
an
d
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
u
s
in
g
th
r
ee
m
aj
o
r
b
lo
ck
s
v
iz
[8
].
P
G
b
lo
ck
,
p
r
ef
ix
b
lo
ck
an
d
th
e
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
b
lo
ck
.
Sin
ce
t
h
e
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
cir
cu
i
t
i
s
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
e
-
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
b
lo
c
k
s
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
is
less
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
t
h
e
B
C
D
ad
d
er
in
[
9
].
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
o
v
el
d
e
s
ig
n
f
o
r
d
ec
i
m
al
(
B
C
D)
ad
d
er
u
s
i
n
g
T
er
ah
er
tz
Op
tical
As
y
m
m
etr
ic
De
m
u
ltip
lex
er
(
T
OA
D)
[
1
0
]
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
f
o
r
d
ec
i
m
al
ar
ith
m
etic
w
h
ic
h
c
an
also
p
er
f
o
r
m
b
in
ar
y
ad
d
itio
n
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
h
as
lo
w
er
d
ela
y
,
h
o
w
ev
er
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
p
o
s
t
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
cir
cu
itr
y
p
o
s
es
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
f
o
r
m
u
lt
i
-
b
it
o
p
er
an
d
s
.
I
n
a
p
i
o
n
ee
r
w
o
r
k
,
u
s
ed
C
ar
r
y
L
o
o
k
Ah
ea
d
(
C
L
A
)
ad
d
itio
n
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ta
g
e
b
ein
g
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
ca
r
r
y
n
et
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
lo
g
ic
i
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
an
d
th
ir
d
s
tag
e
s
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
in
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
b
etter
d
ela
y
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
ar
c
h
i
tectu
r
e
i
n
[
1
1
,
1
2
]
,
h
o
w
e
v
er
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ta
g
e
C
L
A
ad
d
er
in
cr
ea
s
es
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
m
p
lex
it
y
.
A
t
w
o
s
tag
e
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
f
r
ee
ad
d
er
f
o
r
B
C
D
ad
d
itio
n
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
s
ta
g
e
1
,
th
e
MSB
th
r
ee
b
its
o
f
a
f
o
u
r
b
it
B
C
D
n
u
m
b
er
ar
e
ad
d
ed
.
I
n
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tag
e
t
h
e
r
esu
lt
f
r
o
m
s
tag
e
1
is
ad
d
ed
w
ith
t
h
e
L
SB
.
Si
n
ce
th
e
c
ir
cu
it
d
o
esn
’
t
h
a
v
e
a
n
y
ex
tr
a
cir
cu
it
f
o
r
co
n
s
ta
n
t
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
t
h
e
late
n
c
y
is
v
er
y
l
e
s
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
I
m
p
le
m
en
ted
a
n
e
w
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
B
C
D
ad
d
e
r
u
s
i
n
g
6
-
in
p
u
t
L
UT
s
an
d
f
ast
ca
r
r
y
ch
a
in
s
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
b
etter
cr
itical
p
ath
d
ela
y
r
ed
u
ctio
n
h
o
w
ev
er
th
e
cir
cu
it
is
p
r
o
n
e
to
m
o
r
e
p
o
w
er
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
e
w
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
e
f
o
r
B
C
D
ad
d
itio
n
u
s
in
g
f
la
g
b
it
g
en
er
a
tio
n
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
u
s
es
f
lag
b
it
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
a
n
d
f
l
ag
i
n
v
er
s
io
n
lo
g
ic
to
g
en
er
ate
t
h
e
d
ec
i
m
al
eq
u
i
v
alen
t
f
o
r
o
u
tp
u
ts
e
x
ce
ed
in
g
9
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
ar
c
h
ite
ctu
r
e
is
h
i
g
h
d
u
e
to
u
s
e
o
f
C
ar
r
y
Select
A
d
d
er
(
C
S
L
A
)
[
1
6
]
an
d
C
SK
ad
d
er
[
17
]
f
o
r
f
ir
s
t
s
ta
g
e
ad
d
itio
n
,
h
o
w
e
v
er
it
is
p
r
o
n
e
to
h
ig
h
p
o
w
er
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
.
T
h
e
b
asic
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
wo
r
k
is
to
r
ed
u
ce
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
laten
c
y
i
n
B
C
D
ad
d
itio
n
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
B
E
S
C
in
s
tead
o
f
4
-
b
it
R
ip
p
le
C
ar
r
y
A
d
d
er
(
R
C
A
)
a
s
i
n
co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
al
d
esi
g
n
f
o
r
th
e
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
co
n
s
ta
n
t
ad
d
itio
n
f
o
r
d
ec
i
m
al
o
u
tp
u
t
s
e
x
ce
ed
in
g
9
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e
d
er
iv
ed
is
r
ea
l
izatio
n
o
f
B
E
SC
w
it
h
less
er
n
u
m
b
er
g
ates
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
a
4
b
it
R
C
A
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e
ad
d
er
s
an
d
B
E
SC
b
lo
ck
ar
e
p
ass
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
m
u
ltip
le
x
er
.
T
h
e
s
elec
t
s
i
g
n
al
f
o
r
th
e
m
u
lt
ip
lex
er
i
s
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
a
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
g
ic
w
h
ic
h
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
1
f
o
r
s
u
m
v
al
u
es
e
x
ce
ed
in
g
9
an
d
0
else.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
Se
ctio
n
2
g
iv
e
s
a
b
r
ief
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
B
C
D
ad
d
itio
n
an
d
th
e
ar
ch
itec
tu
r
e
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
B
C
D
ad
d
er
.
Sectio
n
3
d
is
cu
s
s
e
s
ab
o
u
t
th
e
d
es
ig
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
lo
w
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
e
n
er
g
y
e
f
f
icie
n
t
B
E
SC
-
B
C
D
ad
d
er
.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
ese
n
ts
t
h
e
B
E
SC
lo
g
ic
an
d
its
d
etailed
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
T
h
e
ar
ea
an
d
d
elay
e
v
al
u
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
co
n
v
en
tio
n
a
l
d
ec
i
m
al
d
esi
g
n
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
I
n
s
ec
tio
n
6
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
B
C
D
ad
d
er
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
d
etail
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
f
o
r
a
2
d
ig
it
ad
d
itio
n
i
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
i
n
s
ec
t
io
n
7
.
Sect
io
n
8
g
i
v
es
a
b
r
ief
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
k
d
o
n
e.
2.
O
VE
RVI
E
W
O
F
B
CD
ADD
I
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
t
w
o
d
ec
i
m
al
d
i
g
its
in
B
C
D,
to
g
e
t
h
er
w
it
h
a
p
o
s
s
ib
le
ca
r
r
y
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
least
s
i
g
n
if
ican
t
d
i
g
its
(
as
s
u
m
i
n
g
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
v
a
lu
e
f
o
r
in
p
u
t
d
ig
its
)
v
iz
,
9
+9
+1
w
o
u
ld
r
e
s
u
lt
i
n
1
9
.
T
h
e
eq
u
iv
alen
t
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
m
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
0
to
1
9
in
b
in
ar
y
i
s
0
0
0
0
to
1
0
0
1
1
a
n
d
in
B
C
D
i
s
0
0
0
0
to
1
1
0
0
1
(
MSB
1
is
ca
r
r
y
a
n
d
n
ex
t
f
o
u
r
L
SB
s
i
s
B
C
D
d
i
g
it
s
u
m
)
a
n
d
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
I
t
is
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
T
ab
le
1
,
th
at
f
o
r
th
e
b
in
ar
y
s
u
m
eq
u
al
to
o
r
less
th
an
1
0
0
1
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
B
C
D
d
ig
it
is
th
e
s
a
m
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
b
in
ar
y
s
u
m
e
x
ce
ed
s
1
0
0
1
,
th
e
r
esu
lt
is
in
v
a
lid
B
C
D
a
n
d
n
ee
d
s
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
6
(
0
1
1
0
)
2
to
th
e
b
i
n
ar
y
s
u
m
co
n
v
er
t
s
it
to
th
e
co
r
r
ec
t
d
ig
it
an
d
a
ca
r
r
y
[
3
]
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
ab
o
v
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
t
h
e
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
e
o
f
a
1
d
ig
it
B
C
D
ad
d
er
[
3
]
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
d
i
g
its
in
b
i
n
ar
y
ar
e
A
(
A
3
A
2
A
1
A
0
)
a
n
d
B
(
B
3
B
2
B
1
B
0
).
S
3
’
S
2
’S
1
’S
0
’
ar
e
th
e
s
u
m
o
u
tp
u
ts
o
f
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ta
g
e
4
b
it
ad
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:
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4864
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187
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I
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N
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0
8
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4
.
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I
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4864
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(
N
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S
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r
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va
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ku
ma
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189
0
0
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6
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1
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7
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0
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5.
AREA
AN
D
DE
L
AY
E
VA
L
UA
T
I
O
N
O
F
P
R
O
P
O
SE
D
B
E
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B
CD
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DDER
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D
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NVEN
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I
O
NA
L
B
CD
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r
ea
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n
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d
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v
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n
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n
s
ar
e
d
o
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e
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ased
o
n
th
e
ir
eq
u
iv
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n
t
N
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i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
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T
h
e
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N
D
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
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n
o
f
b
asic
ele
m
e
n
ts
v
iz.
,
Fu
ll
A
d
d
er
(
F
A
)
,
NOT
,
A
ND
a
n
d
OR
g
ate
s
u
s
e
d
in
t
h
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p
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d
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C
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Fi
g
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r
e
5
.
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e
ass
u
m
e
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h
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d
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y
o
f
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ate
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e
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u
n
it
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n
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ar
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eq
u
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to
1
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u
n
t.
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h
e
g
ates
in
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ar
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et
w
ee
n
d
o
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es
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o
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m
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ar
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d
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n
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e
g
ate
d
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i
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t
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s
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f
w
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it/ele
m
e
n
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ased
o
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e
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f
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d
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m
e
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at
m
ak
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p
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h
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p
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d
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h
o
w
n
in
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ab
le
3
.
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h
e
ar
ea
co
u
n
t
a
n
d
w
o
r
s
t
ca
s
e
d
ela
y
o
f
t
h
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p
r
o
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ed
an
d
co
n
v
e
n
tio
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al
B
C
D
ad
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d
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ig
n
s
ar
e
ca
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lated
as
f
o
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ws.
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h
e
w
o
r
s
t
ca
s
e
d
ela
y
i
s
f
o
u
n
d
b
y
co
u
n
ti
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
N
AND
g
ates
in
t
h
e
cr
itical
p
at
h
a
n
d
th
e
a
r
ea
is
ev
al
u
ated
b
y
co
u
n
tin
g
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
N
A
ND
g
ates t
h
at
m
ak
e
u
p
th
e
cir
cu
it.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4864
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
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g
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&
E
m
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s
t
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l.
8
,
No
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3
,
No
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em
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er
2
0
1
9
: 1
8
5
–
1
9
3
190
(d
)
(e
)
(
f
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
NA
N
D
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
,
(
a)
Fu
ll a
d
d
er
s
u
m
,
(
b
)
Fu
ll a
d
d
er
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r
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y
,
(
c)
NOT
lo
g
ic
,
(
d
)
A
ND
lo
g
ic
,
(e
)
OR
lo
g
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(
f
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2
:1
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x
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3
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ea
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d
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e
n
ts
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f
B
C
D
ad
d
er
im
p
le
m
e
n
ted
u
s
in
g
N
A
ND
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g
ic
El
e
me
n
t
A
r
e
a
W
o
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st
c
a
se
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e
l
a
y
Fu
l
l
a
d
d
e
r
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u
m:
8
+
C
a
r
r
y
:
4
=
1
2
3
N
O
T
1
1
AN
D
2
2
OR
3
2
2
:
1
M
u
x
4
3
5
.
1
.
Are
a
co
un
t
ev
a
lua
t
i
o
n
T
h
e
s
tep
s
th
at
lead
to
th
e
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e
a
co
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t
e
v
alu
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tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
B
C
D
ad
d
er
d
esig
n
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
2
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
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m
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
it
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
4
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A
(
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st
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D
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d
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R
(
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o
r
r
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tio
n
cir
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it)+
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A
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ta
g
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er
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ak
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u
p
t
h
e
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
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C
D
ad
d
er
.
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n
g
T
ab
le
3
th
e
NA
ND
eq
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iv
ale
n
t
g
ate
co
u
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
i
m
al
ad
d
er
in
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g
u
r
e
1
is
f
o
u
n
d
to
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e
(
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8
+
4
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+
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0
3
.
Usi
n
g
a
s
i
m
ilar
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p
r
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h
,
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e
ar
ea
co
u
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
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o
s
ed
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E
SC
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C
D
ad
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er
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h
o
w
n
in
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g
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r
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2
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s
e
v
alu
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ted
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A
(1
st
s
tag
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d
e
r)+
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ND
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n
d
2
OR
(
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ar
r
y
g
e
n
er
ato
r
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NOT
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d
3
A
ND
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n
d
1
O
R
(
B
E
SC
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6
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ND
(4
–
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m
u
x
)
w
it
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
N
A
N
D
eq
u
i
v
ale
n
t
co
u
n
t
b
ein
g
8
3
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
4
.
I
t
is
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
T
ab
le
4
th
at
th
e
N
A
ND
eq
u
i
v
ale
n
t
Gate
co
u
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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E
SC
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B
C
D
ad
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er
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
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y
2
0
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
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C
D
ad
d
er
.
W
o
r
s
t
ca
s
e
d
elay
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ti
m
ates
(
i
n
NA
N
D
eq
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i
v
alen
t)
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f
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o
n
v
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n
tio
n
al
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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E
SC
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B
C
D
ad
d
er
s
as s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
5
.
T
ab
le
4
.
A
r
ea
co
u
n
t (
in
N
AN
D
eq
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iv
ale
n
t)
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f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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E
SC
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B
C
D
ad
d
er
an
d
c
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
d
esi
g
n
B
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l
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k
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N
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2
:
1
m
u
x
-
-
4
N
A
N
D
16
T
o
t
a
l
1
0
3
83
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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191
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5
.
W
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3
T
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t
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l
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24
5
.
2
.
Dela
y
ev
a
lua
t
io
n
W
e
h
av
e
ev
al
u
ated
th
e
w
o
r
s
t
ca
s
e
d
elay
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
d
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
B
C
D
ad
d
er
d
esig
n
s
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
T
h
e
d
elay
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
t
io
n
al
B
C
D
ad
d
er
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
is
4
FA
ca
r
r
y
(
1
st
s
tag
e
ad
d
itio
n
)
+
1
A
ND
an
d
1
OR
(
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
cir
cu
it)+
4
FA
ca
r
r
y
(
2
nd
s
ta
g
e
ad
d
itio
n
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.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
co
n
s
id
er
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n
o
f
th
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ela
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v
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f
o
r
in
d
iv
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e
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s
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eq
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t
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m
p
le
m
en
t
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n
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s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
3
,
th
e
w
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r
s
t
ca
s
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d
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r
is
esti
m
ated
to
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1
2
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+
1
2
)
2
8
.
Usi
n
g
a
s
i
m
ilar
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
h
e
d
ela
y
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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E
SC
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C
D
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d
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s
h
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w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
is
4
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A
ca
r
r
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e
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d
itio
n
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1
A
N
D/1
OR
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d
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n
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r
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1
NO
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d
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A
ND
an
d
1
OR
(
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E
SC
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3
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2
:1
Mu
x
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w
it
h
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
N
A
N
D
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
d
ela
y
to
b
e
(
1
2
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+5
+3
)
2
4
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
ev
alu
a
tio
n
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
5
.
I
t
is
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
T
ab
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5
th
at
th
e
d
ela
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
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s
ed
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C
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ec
r
ea
s
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b
y
4
u
n
its
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m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
co
n
v
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n
tio
n
al
B
C
D
ad
d
er
[
1
8
]
.
6.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
NT
A
L
RE
SUL
T
S
T
h
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p
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p
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u
s
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n
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s
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Alter
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Qu
ar
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s
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h
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2
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3
5
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2
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6
d
ev
ice.
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
BC
D
ad
d
er
[
1
9
]
,
C
o
r
r
ec
tio
n
f
r
ee
B
C
D
ad
d
er
[
1
3
]
,
C
ar
r
y
s
k
ip
B
C
D
ad
d
er
[
2
0
]
an
d
Flag
g
ed
B
C
D
ad
d
er
[
1
5
]
ar
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
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m
p
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o
n
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
s
u
s
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f
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ar
e
also
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s
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d
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t
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lte
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Qu
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s
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I
w
ith
th
e
s
a
m
e
d
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ice.
T
h
e
ar
ea
,
d
elay
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n
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t
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tal
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d
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s
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r
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f
p
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w
n
i
n
T
ab
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6
.
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t
is
s
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n
f
r
o
m
T
ab
le
6
,
th
at
th
e
p
r
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p
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e
d
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as lo
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r
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ce
d
d
elay
.
T
ab
le
6
.
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m
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[
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11
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C
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29
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02
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C
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.
RE
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NC
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S
[1
]
Be
h
ro
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S
h
iraz
i,
Da
v
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n
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a
n
d
Ch
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De
sig
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Ro
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ich
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5
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.
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Ha
f
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n
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ter
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o
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V
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S
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e
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VL
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ID)
,
2
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0
5
.
[4
]
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n
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T
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a
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ra
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B
S
rin
iv
a
s,
“
N
o
v
e
l
BCD
A
d
d
e
rs
a
n
d
th
e
ir
Re
v
e
rsib
le
L
o
g
ic
Im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
f
o
r
IEE
E
7
5
4
r
F
o
rm
a
t”,
P
ro
c
.
o
f
th
e
1
9
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
VL
S
I
De
sig
n
(
VL
S
ID’0
6
)
2
0
0
6
.
[5
]
Him
a
n
sh
u
T
h
a
p
li
y
a
l
a
n
d
Na
g
a
r
a
jan
Ra
n
g
a
n
a
th
a
n
,
“
A
Ne
w
Re
v
e
rs
ib
le
De
sig
n
o
f
B
CD
A
d
d
e
r”
,
in
P
ro
c
.
o
f
De
si
g
n
,
Au
to
m
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
T
e
st i
n
E
u
ro
p
e
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
&
Exh
ib
it
io
n
(
DAT
E),
p
p
.
1
-
4
,
2
0
1
1
.
[6
]
S
re
e
h
a
ri
V
e
e
ra
m
a
c
h
a
n
e
n
i,
M
.
Kir
th
i
Kris
h
n
a
,
L
in
g
a
m
n
e
n
i
A
v
in
a
sh
,
S
re
e
k
a
n
th
Re
d
d
y
M
.
B.
S
ri
n
iv
a
s,
“
No
v
e
l,
Hig
h
-
S
p
e
e
d
1
6
-
Dig
it
BCD
A
d
d
e
rs
Co
n
f
o
rm
in
g
to
IEE
E
7
5
4
r
F
o
rm
a
t”
IEE
E
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
o
c
iety
A
n
n
u
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
on
V
L
S
I
(IS
V
L
S
I'
0
7
),
2
0
0
7
.
[7
]
A
lp
A
rsla
n
Ba
y
ra
k
c
i
a
n
d
A
h
m
e
t
Ak
k
a
s,
“
Re
d
u
c
e
d
De
la
y
BC
D
A
d
d
e
r”
,
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
S
p
e
c
if
ic
S
y
st
e
ms
,
A
r
c
h
it
e
c
tu
re
s
a
n
d
P
r
o
c
e
ss
o
rs(A
S
A
P
),
M
o
n
trea
l,
Qu
e
.
,
p
p
.
2
6
6
-
2
7
1
,
2
0
0
7
.
[8
]
A
n
sh
u
l
S
in
g
h
,
A
m
a
n
G
u
p
ta,
S
re
e
h
a
ri
V
e
e
ra
m
a
c
h
a
n
e
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
B
.
S
rin
iv
a
s,
“
A
Hig
h
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
Un
if
ied
BCD
a
n
d
Bin
a
ry
A
d
d
e
r/
S
u
b
trac
to
r”
,
IEE
E
Co
m
p
u
ter S
o
c
iety
A
n
n
u
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
V
L
S
I,
p
p
.
2
1
1
-
2
1
6
2
0
0
9
.
[9
]
S
re
e
h
a
ri
V
e
e
ra
m
a
c
h
a
n
e
n
i.
M
,
Kirth
i
Kris
h
n
a
.
V
,
P
ra
tee
k
G
.
S
,
S
u
b
r
o
to
.
S
,
B
h
a
ra
t,
M
.
B.
S
r
in
iv
a
s,
“
A
No
v
e
l
Ca
rr
y
-
L
o
o
k
Ah
e
a
d
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
to
a
Un
if
ied
BCD
a
n
d
Bin
a
ry
A
d
d
e
r/S
u
b
trac
to
r”
,
2
1
st
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
VL
S
I
De
sig
n
2
0
0
8
,
p
a
g
e
s 5
4
7
-
5
5
2
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
0
8
.
[1
0
]
G
a
y
e
n
D.K,
Bh
a
tt
a
c
h
a
ry
y
a
A
,
P
a
l
R
.
K,
Ro
y
,
J.N
“
A
ll
o
p
ti
c
a
l
b
in
a
ry
c
o
d
e
d
d
e
c
ima
l
a
d
d
e
r”
in
P
r
o
c
.
o
f
4
th
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
s a
n
d
De
v
ice
s fo
r co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
,
K
o
lk
a
ta,
p
p
.
1
-
4
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
Ch
e
tan
Ku
m
a
r
V
,
S
a
i
P
h
a
n
e
e
n
d
r
a
P
,
S
y
e
d
Ersh
a
d
A
h
m
e
d
,
S
re
e
h
a
ri
V
e
e
ra
m
a
c
h
a
n
e
n
i,
N,
M
.
B
S
rin
i
v
a
s,“
A
Un
if
ied
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
f
o
r
BCD
a
n
d
Bin
a
ry
A
d
d
e
r/S
u
b
trac
to
r”
,
in
P
r
o
c
.
o
f
1
4
t
h
Eu
r
o
mic
ro
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Dig
it
a
l
S
y
ste
m
De
sig
n
p
p
.
4
2
6
-
4
2
9
2
0
1
1
.
[1
2
]
S
u
n
d
a
re
sa
n
C,
Ch
a
it
a
n
y
a
CV
S
,
P
R
V
e
n
k
a
tes
w
a
r
a
n
,
S
o
m
a
sh
e
k
a
ra
Bh
a
t
a
n
d
M
o
h
a
n
Ku
m
a
r
J,
“
M
o
d
if
ied
Re
d
u
c
e
d
De
la
y
BC
D
A
d
d
e
r”
,
P
ro
c
.
o
f
IEE
E4
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Bi
o
me
d
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
(
BM
EI)
2
0
1
1
,
p
a
g
e
s 2
1
4
8
-
2
1
5
1
.
[1
3
]
Os
a
m
a
A
l
-
Kh
a
le
e
l,
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
l
-
Kh
a
lee
l,
Zak
a
ria
A
l
-
Qu
d
a
h
,
C
h
risto
s
A
.
P
a
p
a
c
h
risto
u
a
n
d
Kh
a
ld
o
o
n
M
h
a
id
a
t
,
a
n
d
F
ra
n
c
is
G
.
W
o
lff
,
“
F
a
st
Bi
n
a
ry
/D
e
c
i
m
a
l
A
d
d
e
r
/
S
u
b
trac
to
r
w
it
h
a
No
v
e
l
Co
rre
c
ti
o
n
-
F
re
e
BCD
A
d
d
it
io
n
”
P
r
o
c
.
o
f
1
8
th
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
Circu
it
s
a
n
d
S
y
ste
m
s(IC
ECS
),
Be
iru
t
,
p
p
.
4
5
5
-
4
5
9
2
0
1
1
.
[1
4
]
S
h
u
l
i
G
a
o
,
A
l
-
k
h
a
li
li
,
D,
Ch
a
b
i
n
i
N,
“
A
n
i
m
p
ro
v
e
d
BCD
a
d
d
e
r
u
sin
g
6
-
L
UT
F
P
GA
s”
P
ro
c
.
o
f
1
0
th
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Ne
w
c
irc
u
i
ts
a
n
d
sy
ste
ms
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(
NE
W
CAS
)
,
M
o
n
trea
l,
QC,
p
p
.
1
3
-
1
6
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
5
]
V
ij
e
y
a
k
u
m
a
r,
K.N,
S
u
m
a
th
y
,
V
.
Din
e
sh
b
a
b
u
,
A
.
El
a
n
g
o
S
.
a
n
d
S
a
ra
v
a
n
a
k
u
m
a
r
,
S
.
“
F
P
GA
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
lo
w
p
o
w
e
r
Ha
rd
w
a
r
e
e
ff
icie
n
t
F
lag
g
e
d
Bin
a
ry
Co
d
e
d
De
c
ima
l
A
d
d
e
r”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
V
o
l
4
6
,
N
o
.
1
4
,
p
p
.
4
1
-
4
5
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
2
.
[1
6
]
B.
Ra
m
k
u
m
a
r
a
n
d
Ha
rish
M
Kitt
u
r,
“
L
o
w
-
P
o
w
e
r
a
n
d
A
re
a
-
E
ff
ici
e
n
t
Ca
rry
S
e
le
c
t
A
d
d
e
r”
,
IEE
E
t
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
V
e
ry
L
a
r
g
e
S
c
a
le
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
(V
L
S
I)
sy
st
e
m
s,
V
o
l
.
2
0
,
No
.
2
,
p
p
.
3
7
1
-
3
7
5
,
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
1
2
.
[1
7
]
M
in
C
h
a
Earl.
E.
S
w
a
rtzla
n
d
e
r,
Jr.
“
M
o
d
if
ied
c
a
rry
-
sk
ip
a
d
d
e
r
f
o
r
re
d
u
c
in
g
f
irst
b
l
o
c
k
d
e
lay
”
,
P
r
o
c
.
o
f
4
3
rd
M
i
d
w
e
st s
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
c
ircu
it
s an
d
sy
ste
m
s,
A
u
g
u
st 2
0
0
0
.
[1
8
]
V
ib
h
u
ti
Da
v
e
,
Erd
a
l
Oru
k
lu
a
n
d
Ja
f
a
r
S
a
n
ii
e
,
“
C
o
n
sta
n
t
a
d
d
it
io
n
w
it
h
f
lag
g
e
d
b
in
a
ry
a
d
d
e
r
a
rh
it
e
c
tu
re
s”
,
In
teg
ra
ti
o
n
t
h
e
V
L
S
I
jo
u
rn
a
l,
Vo
l
.
4
3
,
p
p
.
2
5
8
–
2
6
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
9
]
M
o
ris
M
a
n
o
-
Dig
it
a
l
d
e
sig
n
3
r
d
e
d
it
io
n
P
re
n
ti
c
e
Ha
ll
P
u
c
li
c
a
ti
o
n
2
0
0
1
.
[2
0
]
A
sh
is
Ku
m
e
r
Bis
wa
s,
M
d
.
M
a
h
m
u
d
u
l
Ha
sa
n
,
M
o
sh
a
d
d
e
k
Ha
sa
n
,
A
h
sa
n
Ra
ja
Ch
o
w
d
h
u
ry
a
n
d
Ha
f
i
M
d
.
Ha
sa
n
Ba
b
u
,
“
A
No
v
e
l
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
t
o
De
sig
n
BCD
A
d
d
e
r
a
n
d
c
a
rry
S
k
ip
BCD
A
d
d
e
r”
,
2
1
st
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
VL
S
I
De
sig
n
p
p
.
5
6
6
-
5
7
1
2
0
0
8
.
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