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p
a
g
atio
n
d
elay
w
as
1
.
8
0
9
p
s
an
d
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
was
1
8
3
.
6
u
W
at
1
8
0
n
m
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
2
an
d
T
ab
le
3
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
i
v
e
b
lo
ck
s
:
m
o
d
u
le
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
&
5
.
Mo
d
u
le
1
,
2
&
3
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
2
tr
an
s
is
to
r
m
u
ltip
lex
er
ci
r
cu
it
wh
ich
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
XOR
o
u
tp
u
t
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Mo
d
u
le
1
,
2
&
4
g
en
er
ates
th
e
co
m
p
lem
en
ted
s
u
m
a
n
d
m
o
d
u
l
e
3
&
5
g
e
n
er
ates
co
m
p
le
m
en
ted
ca
r
r
y
.
T
h
e
wid
th
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
in
ea
c
h
m
o
d
u
le
was
v
ar
ied
s
u
ch
th
at
th
e
d
esig
n
en
titi
es
lik
e
d
elay
,
ar
ea
an
d
PDP
wer
e
o
p
tim
ized
.
T
h
e
f
u
ll
lo
g
i
c
s
win
g
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
lev
els
was
o
b
tain
e
d
b
y
v
ar
y
in
g
th
e
wid
t
h
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
in
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
les
an
d
p
lacin
g
th
e
in
v
er
ter
s
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
es
e
in
v
er
ter
s
will
r
esto
r
e
th
e
lo
g
ic
lev
els
r
esu
lted
in
co
m
p
le
m
en
ted
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
e
ca
r
r
y
o
u
tp
u
t
was
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
u
s
in
g
2
tr
an
s
is
to
r
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
cir
cu
it
o
n
ly
[
1
3
-
1
5
]
.
T
h
is
c
ar
r
y
o
u
tp
u
t
cir
cu
it
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
MP4
&
MN
4
;
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
is
ca
r
r
y
m
o
d
u
le
was
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
in
v
er
te
r
to
ac
h
iev
e
co
m
p
lem
en
te
d
ca
r
r
y
.
T
h
e
in
v
e
r
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
f
u
ll swi
n
g
lo
g
ic
le
v
els.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
u
ll a
d
d
er
d
esig
n
3.
CIRCU
I
T
O
P
E
RAT
I
O
N
T
h
e
m
o
d
u
le
1
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
2
T
XOR
cir
cu
it
wh
ich
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
XOR
o
u
tp
u
t
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
(
a
)
.
T
h
is
2
T
XOR
(
m
o
d
u
le
1
)
ci
r
cu
it
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
MP1
(
PMOS)
&
MN
1
(
NM
OS)
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
B
u
t
th
er
e
was
a
v
o
ltag
e
d
e
g
r
ad
atio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
in
it.
T
o
o
v
e
r
co
m
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
th
e
wid
th
o
f
th
e
t
r
an
s
is
to
r
s
MP1
&
MN
1
ar
e
v
ar
ied
.
Mo
d
u
le
2
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
2
T
XOR
wh
er
e
in
p
u
ts
wer
e
C
in
an
d
XOR
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
m
o
d
u
le
1
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
u
le
2
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
MP2
&
MN
2
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
wh
o
s
e
ch
an
n
el
wid
th
s
w
er
e
also
v
ar
ied
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
[
1
6
,
1
7
]
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
(
a
)
2
T
m
u
ltip
lex
er
ci
r
cu
it; (
b
)
Pr
o
p
o
s
ed
1
0
T
f
u
llad
d
er
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Reco
n
f
ig
u
r
a
b
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4
8
6
4
Ultr
a
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
fu
ll a
d
d
er fo
r
b
io
med
ica
l
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
(
B
a
s
a
vo
ju
Ha
r
is
h
)
27
T
h
e
s
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
m
o
d
u
le
2
was
ap
p
lied
to
in
v
e
r
ter
t
o
g
i
v
e
co
m
p
lem
e
n
ted
s
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
wh
ich
h
as
f
u
ll
s
win
g
v
o
ltag
e
le
v
el.
Mo
d
u
le
3
also
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
2
T
XOR
wh
o
s
e
in
p
u
ts
wer
e
C
in
a
n
d
B
ap
p
lied
to
MP4
&
MN
4
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
wh
er
e
ch
an
n
el
wid
th
s
wer
e
also
v
ar
ied
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
u
le
3
w
as
g
iv
en
to
in
v
er
ter
wh
ich
y
ield
ed
c
o
m
p
lem
e
n
ted
ca
r
r
y
.
4.
P
E
RF
O
RM
A
NCE O
F
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
DE
SI
G
N
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
was
d
esig
n
ed
at
9
0
a
n
d
1
8
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
en
titi
es lik
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
co
u
n
t,
av
e
r
ag
e
p
o
wer
an
d
d
elay
was c
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
d
esig
n
s
[
1
8
,
1
9
]
.
I
t
was
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
in
th
is
d
esig
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
elay
was
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
less
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
in
th
e
cir
cu
it a
n
d
also
d
u
e
to
with
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
as sh
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
Fu
ll
v
o
ltag
e
s
win
g
was
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
ts
to
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
esto
r
atio
n
cir
cu
it
(
in
v
er
ter
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ad
d
e
r
was
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
o
t
h
er
ad
d
er
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
co
m
p
a
r
e
d
b
y
s
im
u
latin
g
all
th
e
ad
d
er
s
in
9
0
an
d
1
8
0
n
m
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
p
ar
am
eter
s
lik
e
PDP,
p
o
wer
a
n
d
o
p
e
r
atin
g
s
p
ee
d
with
th
e
s
u
p
p
ly
v
o
ltag
e
1
.
8
V
an
d
1
.
2
V
ar
e
d
r
awn
at
1
8
0
n
m
a
n
d
9
0
n
m
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
an
d
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
with
ex
is
tin
g
d
esig
n
s
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
T
ab
le
s
2
an
d
T
ab
le
3.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
r
a
n
s
is
to
r
ch
an
n
el
wi
d
th
s
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
u
ll a
d
d
er
Tr
a
n
s
i
st
o
r
N
a
m
e
W
i
d
t
h
(
1
8
0
n
m T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
)
W
i
d
t
h
(
9
0
n
m
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
)
M
N
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
N
2
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
N
3
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
N
4
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
N
5
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
P
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
P
2
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
P
3
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
P
4
2
0
0
1
2
0
M
P
5
2
0
0
1
2
0
5.
CALCU
L
A
T
I
O
N
O
F
P
RO
P
AG
AT
I
O
N
D
E
L
AY
AND
P
O
WE
R
DI
SS
I
P
AT
I
O
N
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
elay
in
an
a
d
d
er
is
g
o
v
er
n
e
d
b
y
th
e
o
v
er
a
ll
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
en
tire
ar
ith
m
etic
u
n
it
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
o
r
i
n
o
t
h
er
wo
r
d
s
o
v
er
all
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
d
esig
n
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
p
r
o
p
a
g
atio
n
d
elay
.
I
n
t
h
is
d
esig
n
th
e
ca
r
r
y
was
g
en
er
ate
d
u
s
in
g
2
T
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
lo
g
ic
cir
cu
it
wh
ich
ac
ted
lik
e
an
XOR
g
ate.
T
h
e
ca
r
r
y
in
p
u
ts
(
C
in
)
wer
e
g
iv
en
to
th
i
s
XOR
g
ate
(
ie.
,
m
o
d
u
le
2
)
.
T
o
o
v
e
r
co
m
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
s
win
g
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
th
e
ca
r
r
y
o
u
tp
u
t
was
g
iv
en
to
th
e
in
v
er
ter
cir
cu
it
wh
ich
ac
ted
as
lev
el
r
esto
r
er
.
I
n
t
h
is
d
esig
n
th
e
ca
r
r
y
in
p
u
t
was
p
r
o
p
ag
ate
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
n
ly
o
n
e
m
o
d
u
le
ie.
,
m
o
d
u
le
2
wh
ich
ac
ted
as
XOR
g
ate
as
s
aid
ab
o
v
e
an
d
h
en
ce
lead
s
to
v
er
y
less
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
elay
[
2
0
]
.
Ho
wev
er
th
e
wid
th
s
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
at
1
8
0
n
m
a
n
d
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
b
ein
g
ch
a
n
g
ed
t
o
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
p
r
o
p
a
g
atio
n
d
elay
[
2
1
]
.
Po
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
VL
SI
c
ir
cu
its
is
d
u
e
to
s
witch
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
an
d
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it
s
.
T
h
e
to
tal
p
o
wer
is
g
iv
en
as
Pto
tal
=
Vd
d
.
Fclk
.
∑i
Vswin
g
.
C
lo
ad
.
Pi +
Vd
d
.
∑i
I
s
c
+
Vd
d
.
I
l
W
h
er
e
Vd
d
=
s
u
p
p
l
y
v
o
ltag
e,
Vswin
g
=
v
o
ltag
e
s
win
g
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
C
lo
ad
=i
lo
ad
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
Fclk
=
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
I
s
c=
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it c
u
r
r
en
t
I
l=
leak
ag
e
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
p
o
we
r
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
was
ca
lcu
lated
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
at
1
8
0
n
m
a
n
d
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
T
h
e
s
u
p
p
ly
v
o
ltag
e
at
1
8
0
n
m
a
n
d
9
0
n
m
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
was
1
.
8
v
a
n
d
1
.
2
v
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
wid
th
s
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
at
1
8
0
n
m
an
d
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
wer
e
2
0
0
n
m
a
n
d
1
2
0
n
m
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
o
f
th
e
d
esig
n
at
two
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
was
g
iv
en
in
th
e
T
ab
le
s
2
an
d
T
a
b
le
3
.
I
t
was
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
av
e
r
ag
e
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
d
es
ig
n
at
9
0
n
m
was
less
wh
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
1
8
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
2
2
,
2
3
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4
8
6
4
I
n
t J Reco
n
f
ig
u
r
a
b
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
2
0
2
1
:
25
–
31
28
T
ab
le
2
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
at
1
8
0
n
m
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
D
e
si
g
n
A
v
g
P
o
w
e
r
(
u
W
)
D
e
l
a
y
(
n
s)
P
D
P
(
f
J)
Tr
a
n
s
i
st
o
r
C
o
u
n
t
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
C
M
O
S
6
.
2
1
9
9
2
9
2
.
1
1
.
8
1
6
8
3
28
[
4
,
1
8
]
M
i
r
r
o
r
6
.
0
7
9
7
2
8
1
.
6
1
1
.
7
1
2
1
0
28
[
1
8
]
C
P
L
7
.
7
1
9
8
1
8
3
.
9
7
1
.
4
2
0
2
2
32
[
5
,
6
]
TFA
8
.
2
4
9
1
2
8
7
.
1
2
.
3
6
8
3
1
16
[
2
1
]
TG
A
8
.
4
7
1
9
2
9
3
.
9
2
.
8
9
8
9
20
[
7
,
8
]
1
4
T
1
2
.
7
2
1
3
8
1
.
7
4
.
8
5
5
8
7
14
[
1
0
]
1
0
T
1
4
.
3
4
4
1
3
2
.
5
9
1
.
9
0
2
0
6
10
[
2
4
]
H
P
S
C
6
.
3
7
9
8
2
7
3
.
7
1
.
7
4
6
1
5
22
[
1
1
]
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
B
a
se
d
6
.
3
2
2
7
1
8
5
.
4
1
.
1
7
2
2
2
--
[
2
3
]
2
4
T
1
5
.
9
1
3
1
4
.
2
4
.
9
9
8
24
[
1
]
F
A
_
H
y
b
r
i
d
5
.
9
7
8
2
5
2
.
3
1
.
5
0
8
24
[
2
]
F
A
_
D
P
L
1
9
.
5
6
2
2
6
.
6
4
.
4
3
2
22
[
1
9
]
F
A
_
S
R
-
C
P
L
2
0
.
7
8
2
2
0
.
6
5
4
.
4
3
2
20
[
1
9
]
C
M
O
S
&
TG
4
.
1
5
6
3
2
2
4
0
.
9
3
1
16
[
1
9
]
Pr
o
p
o
sed
1
8
3
.
6
0
.
0
0
1
8
0
9
0
.
3
3
10
P
r
e
sen
t
6.
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
A
T
I
O
N
O
F
3
2
-
B
I
T
RCA
T
h
e
wo
r
k
was
ex
ten
d
ed
b
y
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
a
3
2
-
b
it
R
C
A
i
n
1
8
0
an
d
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
.
T
h
e
s
u
m
an
d
ca
r
r
y
o
u
tp
u
ts
o
f
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
in
ea
ch
s
tag
e
d
ep
en
d
o
n
ca
r
r
y
o
f
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tag
e
wh
ich
r
esu
l
ts
in
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
th
e
f
in
al
ca
r
r
y
with
m
o
r
e
d
elay
.
I
n
th
is
cir
cu
it
th
e
d
elay
wa
s
v
er
y
less
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
t
h
e
r
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
esig
n
s
.
Ov
er
all
d
elay
o
f
th
e
R
C
A
ad
d
er
ca
n
b
e
m
in
im
ized
b
y
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
esig
n
.
Fro
m
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
it
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
a
t
th
e
o
v
er
all
d
elay
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
3
2
-
b
it
R
C
A
in
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
at
1
.
2
V
s
u
p
p
ly
v
o
ltag
e)
is
1
9
8
.
8
p
s
an
d
in
1
8
0
n
m
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
at
1
.
8
V
s
u
p
p
l
y
v
o
ltag
e)
is
9
3
.
7
p
s
.
32
-
b
it
f
u
llad
d
er
u
s
in
g
1
-
b
it
f
u
ll a
d
d
er
m
u
ltip
lex
er
cir
cu
it
a
s
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
3
2
-
b
it
f
u
llad
d
e
r
u
s
in
g
1
-
b
it
f
u
ll a
d
d
e
r
m
u
ltip
lex
e
r
cir
cu
it
T
ab
le
3
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
at
9
0
n
m
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
D
e
si
g
n
A
v
g
P
o
w
e
r
(
u
W
)
D
e
l
a
y
(
n
s)
P
D
P
(
f
J)
Tr
a
n
s
i
st
o
r
C
o
u
n
t
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
C
M
O
S
1
.
5
7
9
9
0
.
1
2
6
9
0
.
2
0
0
4
28
[
4
,
1
8
]
M
i
r
r
o
r
1
.
5
7
0
1
0
.
1
2
2
6
0
.
1
9
2
4
28
[
1
8
]
C
P
L
1
.
7
5
9
8
0
.
0
7
9
1
0
.
1
3
9
2
32
[
5
,
6
]
TFA
1
.
7
3
6
3
0
.
3
1
9
8
0
.
5
5
5
2
16
[
2
1
]
TG
A
1
.
7
6
1
9
0
.
2
3
1
7
0
.
4
0
8
2
20
[
7
,
8
]
1
4
T
3
.
3
2
9
7
0
.
3
3
8
9
1
.
1
2
8
4
14
[
1
0
]
1
0
T
---
---
---
10
[
2
4
]
H
P
S
C
1
.
5
6
0
.
2
2
0
7
0
.
3
4
4
2
22
[
1
1
]
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
B
a
se
d
1
.
5
7
5
1
0
.
0
9
3
9
0
.
1
4
7
9
--
[
2
3
]
2
4
T
7
.
7
0
7
0
.
1
4
0
6
1
.
0
8
3
6
24
[
1
]
F
A
_
H
y
b
r
i
d
6
.
2
1
0
.
1
4
3
0
.
8
8
8
24
[
2
]
F
A
_
D
P
L
7
.
3
4
0
.
2
5
4
1
.
8
6
4
22
[
1
9
]
F
A
_
S
R
-
C
P
L
7
.
4
0
.
1
6
7
1
.
2
3
5
20
[
1
9
]
C
M
O
S
&
TG
1
.
1
7
0
.
0
9
1
3
0
.
1
0
7
4
16
[
1
9
]
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
2
5
.
7
4
0
.
0
0
8
2
4
5
0
.
2
1
2
2
10
P
r
e
sen
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Reco
n
f
ig
u
r
a
b
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4
8
6
4
Ultr
a
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
fu
ll a
d
d
er fo
r
b
io
med
ica
l
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
(
B
a
s
a
vo
ju
Ha
r
is
h
)
29
7.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
I
n
th
is
wo
r
k
1
5
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
s
wer
e
co
m
p
ar
e
d
in
ter
m
s
o
f
av
er
ag
e
p
o
wer
,
d
ela
y
an
d
PDP
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
1
0
T
f
u
ll
ad
d
e
r
was
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
u
ll
ad
d
e
r
s
v
iz
2
8
T
C
MO
S
,
2
8
T
Mir
r
o
r
ad
d
e
r
,
3
2
T
C
PL,
1
6
T
T
FA,
2
0
T
T
GA,
1
4
T
Fu
llad
d
er
,
1
0
T
f
u
ll
ad
d
er
,
HPSC
,
m
ajo
r
ity
b
ased
,
2
4
T
Fu
ll
ad
d
er
,
2
4
T
FA_
Hy
b
r
id
,
2
2
T
FA_
DPT,
FA_
SR
C
PL,
1
6
T
C
MO
S
&
T
G
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
p
ar
a
m
etr
ic
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
wid
th
s
o
f
t
h
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
s
o
th
at
p
r
o
p
e
r
v
o
ltag
e
s
win
g
was
o
b
tain
ed
with
less
d
elay
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
d
esig
n
a
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
was
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
ed
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
th
e
d
elay
o
f
t
h
e
cir
cu
it
was
g
r
ea
tly
o
p
tim
ized
wh
en
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
all
o
th
er
d
esig
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
d
elay
p
r
o
d
u
ct
(
PDP)
was a
ls
o
o
p
tim
ized
d
u
e
to
v
er
y
lo
w
p
r
o
p
ag
ati
o
n
d
ela
y
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
u
llad
d
er
cir
c
u
i
t
was
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
u
s
in
g
1
0
t
r
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
s
ch
em
atic
o
f
th
e
f
u
llad
d
er
was
d
esig
n
ed
at
1
8
0
n
m
a
n
d
9
0
n
m
C
MO
S
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
u
s
in
g
C
ad
en
ce
Vir
tu
o
s
o
to
o
l.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
wid
th
s
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
at
1
8
0
n
m
an
d
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ies.
T
ab
les
2
an
d
3
s
h
o
w
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
PDP,
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
el
ay
an
d
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Fro
m
T
ab
le
2
it
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
e
r
v
ed
th
at
th
e
PDP
was
3
5
.
4
%
ef
f
icien
t
with
th
e
b
est
d
esig
n
r
ep
o
r
t
at
1
8
0
n
m
.
Als
o
f
r
o
m
th
e
T
ab
le
s
2
&
3
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
elay
was
v
er
y
less
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
all
o
th
er
cir
cu
i
ts
at
1
8
0
n
m
&
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
es
5
an
d
6
.
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
PDP
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
f
u
lla
d
d
er
s
with
th
e
p
r
esen
t
wo
r
k
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
e
r
a
3
2
-
b
it
R
C
A
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
ur
e
3
wa
s
im
p
lem
en
ted
as
an
e
x
ten
s
io
n
to
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wo
r
k
.
I
n
th
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
R
C
A
o
n
ly
th
e
d
elay
was
ca
lcu
lated
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ev
alu
atio
n
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
1
8
0
n
m
an
d
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wn
th
at
th
e
o
v
er
all
d
elay
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
3
2
-
b
it
R
C
A
i
n
9
0
n
m
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
at
1
.
2
V
s
u
p
p
ly
v
o
ltag
e)
is
1
9
8
.
8
p
s
an
d
in
1
8
0
n
m
tech
n
o
lo
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F
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NC
E
S
[1
]
X.
S
.
Li
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
An
a
ly
sis
a
n
d
sim
p
li
fica
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
re
e
-
d
ime
n
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n
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l
sp
a
c
e
v
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to
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WM
fo
r
th
re
e
-
p
h
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se
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r
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le
g
in
v
e
rters
,
"
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
In
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l
.
5
8
,
p
p
.
4
5
0
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4
6
4
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e
b
2
0
1
1
.
[2
]
Tu
n
g
,
S
h
ieh
,
“
A
lo
w
-
p
o
we
r
h
ig
h
-
sp
e
e
d
h
y
b
rid
CM
OS
f
u
ll
a
d
d
e
r
fo
r
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
s
y
ste
m
,
”
IEE
E
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
De
sig
n
Dia
g
n
o
stics
E
C
S
y
ste
ms
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
A
p
r.
2
0
0
7
.
[3
]
Ba
y
o
u
m
i,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
r
o
b
u
st,
e
n
e
r
g
y
e
fficie
n
t
fu
ll
a
d
d
e
rs
f
o
r
d
e
e
p
-
s
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b
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icro
m
e
ter
d
e
sig
n
u
si
n
g
h
y
b
ri
d
-
CM
OS
lo
g
ic
sty
le,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s (V
L
S
I)
.
,
v
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1
4
,
De
c
.
2
0
0
6
.
[4
]
Wes
te,
CM
OS
V
L
S
I
d
e
sig
n
,
3
rd
e
d
.
De
lh
i
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In
d
ia:
P
e
a
rso
n
P
u
b
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ish
e
r
s,
2
0
0
6
.
[5
]
J.
M
.
Ra
b
a
e
y
,
D
ig
i
ta
l
in
teg
r
a
ted
c
irc
u
it
s
,
P
e
a
rso
n
P
u
b
li
sh
e
rs,
2
0
0
3
.
[6
]
D.
R
k
ris
h
n
a
n
,
“
Lo
w
-
v
o
lt
a
g
e
lo
w
-
p
o
we
r
CM
OS
f
u
ll
a
d
d
e
r,
”
IE
EE
Circ
u
it
s De
v
ice
s S
y
ste
ms
.
,
v
o
l.
1
4
8
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
0
1
.
[7
]
R.
Zi
m
m
e
rm
a
n
n
,
“
Lo
w
-
p
o
we
r
l
o
g
ic
st
y
les
:
CM
OS
v
e
rsu
s
p
a
ss
-
tran
sisto
r
lo
g
ic,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
o
li
d
S
ta
te
Circ
u
it
s
,
IEE
E,
v
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l.
3
2
,
J
u
l.
1
9
9
7
.
[8
]
Ch
a
n
g
,
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A
re
v
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0
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1
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μm
fu
ll
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a
n
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s
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tu
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d
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rit
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m
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ti
c
c
ircu
it
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
t
io
n
s
o
n
V
L
S
I
,
v
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l.
1
3
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
0
5
.
[9
]
M
.
S
h
a
m
s
a
n
d
M
.
A,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
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ly
sis
o
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lo
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r
1
-
b
it
CM
OS
fu
l
l
a
d
d
e
r
c
e
ll
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
VL
S
I
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
0
2
.
[1
0
]
Ba
e
z
,
“
Hy
b
rid
a
d
d
e
rs
fo
r
h
ig
h
-
sp
e
e
d
a
rit
h
m
e
ti
c
c
ircu
it
s:
A
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
,
”
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
7
t
h
IE
E
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
.
,
NM,
USA,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
0
.
[1
1
]
Ve
ste
rb
a
c
k
a
,
“
A
1
4
-
tran
sisto
r
C
M
OS
fu
ll
a
d
d
e
r
wit
h
f
u
ll
v
o
lt
a
g
e
sw
in
g
n
o
d
e
s,”
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
IE
EE
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
S
ig
n
a
l
Pro
c
e
ss
,
Taiwa
n
,
Oc
t.
1
9
9
9
.
[1
2
]
Zh
a
n
g
,
“N
o
v
e
l
h
y
b
ri
d
p
a
ss
lo
g
ic
with
sta
ti
c
CM
OS
o
u
tp
u
t
d
riv
e
f
u
ll
-
a
d
d
e
r
c
e
ll
,
”
in
Pro
c
e
d
e
e
in
g
s
o
f
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m Ci
rc
u
it
s
,
M
a
y
2
0
0
3
.
[1
3
]
W
a
iry
a
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
a
ly
sis o
f
XO
R
(4
T)
b
a
se
d
lo
w v
o
lt
a
g
e
CM
OS
fu
ll
a
d
d
e
r
c
ircu
it
,
”
in
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
IEE
E
Nirma
Un
iv
,
(NU
iCONE),
De
c
.
2
0
1
1
.
[1
4
]
G
o
e
l,
“
No
v
e
l
d
e
sig
n
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
-
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
XO
R
-
XN
OR
c
ircu
it
d
e
sig
n
,
”
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f.
1
6
th
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m In
teg
r
a
ti
o
n
Circ
u
it
s
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
0
3
.
[1
5
]
Wan
g
,
“
Ne
w
e
fficie
n
t
d
e
sig
n
s
fo
r
XO
R
a
n
d
XN
OR
fu
n
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
t
h
e
tran
sisto
r
le
v
e
l,
”
IEE
E
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
o
li
d
S
ta
t
e
Circ
u
it
s
,
v
o
l.
2
9
,
Ju
l
.
1
9
9
4
.
[1
6
]
P
ra
sh
a
n
th
,
“
Arc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
o
f
a
d
d
e
r
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
s
p
e
e
d
,
a
re
a
a
n
d
p
o
we
r
d
issip
a
ti
o
n
,
”
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
W
o
rld
Co
n
g
re
ss
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
1
.
[1
7
]
B.
Ha
rish
,
K.
S
i
v
a
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
S
.
Ru
k
m
in
i,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
p
e
rfo
r
m
a
n
c
e
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
a
m
o
n
g
v
a
rio
u
s
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
a
d
d
e
r
to
p
o
l
o
g
ies
,
”
2
0
1
9
3
rd
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
M
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
ies
a
n
d
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
(ICCM
C)
,
Ero
d
e
,
I
n
d
ia,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
7
2
5
-
7
3
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICCM
C.
2
0
1
9
.
8
8
1
9
7
7
9
.
[1
8
]
B.
Ha
rish
,
K.
S
iv
a
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
S
.
Ru
k
m
in
i
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
h
ig
h
s
p
e
e
d
e
fficie
n
t
p
a
ra
ll
e
l
p
re
fix
b
r
e
n
t
-
k
u
n
g
a
d
d
e
r
a
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Gr
e
e
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
3
5
0
8
-
3
5
1
9
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
2
0
.
[1
9
]
B.
Ha
rish
,
K.
S
iv
a
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
S
.
Ru
k
m
i
n
i,
“
Im
p
lem
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
fr
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
e
fficie
n
t
m
u
lt
i
p
lex
e
r
b
a
se
d
CORD
IC
o
n
F
P
G
A,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
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l
.
2
9
,
n
o
.
0
5
,
p
p
.
7
5
3
-
7
6
2
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
0
.
[2
0
]
B.
Ha
rish
,
K.
S
iv
a
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
S
.
S
.
Ru
k
m
in
i
,
“
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
v
a
ri
o
u
s
C
M
OS
fu
ll
a
d
d
e
rs,
”
2
0
1
7
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
E
n
e
rg
y
,
Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
,
Da
t
a
An
a
lytics
a
n
d
S
o
ft
Co
m
p
u
t
in
g
(ICE
CDS
)
,
Ch
e
n
n
a
i,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
3
7
8
9
-
3
7
9
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
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1
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0
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CDS.
2
0
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7
.
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3
9
0
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7
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[2
1
]
P
.
Ba
jp
a
i,
P
.
M
it
tal,
A.
Ra
n
a
a
n
d
B.
An
e
ja,
“
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
a
l
o
w
p
o
we
r
h
ig
h
sp
e
e
d
fu
ll
a
d
d
e
r,
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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B
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31
B
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RAP
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RS
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Tec
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sig
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A
n
d
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n
d
ia.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.