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ec
tio
n
5
g
iv
e
s
r
es
u
lts
a
n
d
last
l
y
s
ec
tio
n
6
is
co
n
clu
s
io
n
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
R
E
SU
RVE
Y
Data
au
th
e
n
ticatio
n
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
i
n
p
r
esen
t
d
ay
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
O
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
lar
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
ed
in
a
u
th
e
n
tica
tio
n
is
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es.
L
i
m
,
H
y
u
n
et.
al
h
a
s
u
s
ed
Dis
cr
et
co
s
in
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
an
d
L
ea
s
t
S
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
B
it
(
L
S
B
)
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
d
esig
n
i
n
v
i
s
ib
le
[
5
]
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
th
ed
i
g
ital
ca
m
er
a
s
an
d
it
is
te
s
ted
b
y
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
in
g
it
o
n
FP
G
A
k
it.
T
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
is
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
to
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
co
m
in
g
o
u
t
o
f
s
en
s
er
m
u
ch
f
a
s
ter
t
h
an
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
.
T
a
m
il
v
an
a
n
et.
al
ad
o
p
ted
DW
T
an
d
L
SB
tech
n
iq
u
e
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
a
n
d
p
er
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
w
at
er
m
ar
k
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
is
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
o
n
FP
GA
[
6
]
.
So
n
jo
b
De
b
R
o
y
,
et.
al
p
r
esen
t
s
a
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
a
d
i
g
ital
wate
r
m
ar
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
th
a
t
ca
n
i
n
s
er
t
i
n
v
is
ib
le,
s
e
m
i
f
r
ag
ile
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
to
co
m
p
r
es
s
ed
v
id
eo
s
tr
ea
m
s
in
r
ea
lti
m
e
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
d
is
cu
s
s
es
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
w
ater
m
a
r
k
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
u
s
in
g
d
is
cr
ete
co
s
in
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
d
o
m
ain
w
h
ich
u
s
u
all
y
co
n
s
u
m
es
h
ig
h
p
o
w
er
as
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
la
r
g
es
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
s
an
d
also
r
esu
lts
in
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
o
f
th
e
q
u
alit
y
.
E
n
as
D
h
u
h
r
i
Ku
s
u
m
a
an
d
et.
al
also
d
is
cu
s
s
es
DC
T
b
ased
im
ag
e
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
u
s
i
n
g
Har
d
w
ar
e
Descr
ip
tiv
e
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
(
HDL
)
f
o
r
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
ap
p
licatio
n
w
h
ic
h
in
tu
r
n
r
es
u
lts
i
n
h
ig
h
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
8
]
.
P
an
k
aj
U.
L
an
d
e
et.
al
d
escr
ib
ed
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
n
Dis
cr
ete
Had
a
m
ar
d
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
DHT
)
d
o
m
ai
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
v
is
u
al
s
y
s
te
m
(
HV
S
)
b
ased
o
n
DHT
.
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
co
n
s
u
m
ed
lar
g
e
r
ar
ea
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
,
th
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
o
f
alg
o
r
it
h
m
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
s
p
ee
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
a
p
er
also
d
is
cu
s
s
ab
o
u
t
a
DC
T
/I
DC
T
f
o
r
d
ig
ital
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
in
s
p
atial
d
o
m
ai
n
.
R
aj
esh
Kan
n
a
n
Me
g
ali
n
g
a
m
et.
al
d
escr
ib
es
[
10
]
th
ei
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
i
m
ag
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
m
eth
o
d
in
th
e
s
p
atial
d
o
m
ain
a
n
d
DC
T
u
s
i
n
g
Ma
tlab
,
Ver
ilo
g
HD
L
an
d
FP
GA
.
P
ea
k
s
ig
n
al
to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
(
P
SNR
)
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
f
o
r
b
o
th
d
o
m
ai
n
s
.
S.
So
w
m
y
a
et.
al
n
ar
r
ates
th
e
FP
GA
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
r
as
m
i
s
s
io
n
d
u
e
to
th
e
lo
s
s
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
w
er
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
o
n
x
c2
v
p
3
0
-
7
f
f
8
9
6
ta
r
g
et
d
ev
ice.
Nu
m
b
er
o
f
b
lo
ck
R
a
n
d
o
m
A
cc
e
s
s
Me
m
o
r
y
(
R
AM
)
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
ca
s
e
o
f
h
i
s
to
g
r
a
m
eq
u
al
izatio
n
i
s
l
ess
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
b
r
ig
h
t
n
es
s
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
co
n
tr
a
s
t
s
tr
etc
h
in
g
.
T
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
p
er
io
d
in
ca
s
e
o
f
all
th
e
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
s
is
5
.
0
0
1
n
s
[
1
1
].
P
Kar
th
ig
aik
u
m
ar
a
et.
al
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
f
r
ag
i
le
an
d
s
e
m
i
f
r
ag
ile
w
ater
m
ar
k
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
a
n
d
s
o
m
e
s
er
io
u
s
d
i
s
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
s
lik
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
u
s
e
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
lar
g
er
ar
ea
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
s
,
an
d
h
ig
h
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
i
s
,
r
o
b
u
s
t in
v
i
s
ib
le
w
at
er
m
ar
k
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
i
s
u
s
ed
u
s
in
g
DW
T
[
1
2
].
W
ae
l
W
asfy
a
et.
al
d
is
c
u
s
s
es
a
b
o
u
t
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
s
p
ee
d
an
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
f
o
r
a
f
as
t
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
in
te
n
s
it
y
f
o
r
lo
w
lev
el
3
x
3
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
k
er
n
e
l
b
u
t
h
av
in
g
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
ar
a
llel
ca
lc
u
lat
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
is
ac
h
iev
ed
i
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
also
ex
p
lain
s
FP
GA
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
as
test
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
s
y
s
te
m
s
th
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
im
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
t
h
e
f
ast
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
i
m
a
g
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
DSP
s
lice
m
o
d
u
le
i
n
s
id
e
t
h
e
FP
G
A
[
1
3
].
T
h
e
a
d
v
a
n
ta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
D
SP
s
lice
i
s
a
f
aster
,
ac
cu
r
ate,
h
ig
h
er
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
its
i
n
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
.
U
s
in
g
a
h
ig
h
er
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
b
its
d
u
r
in
g
alg
o
r
it
h
m
ca
lc
u
latio
n
s
w
ill lea
d
to
a
h
ig
h
er
ac
cu
r
ac
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
s
a
m
e
i
m
a
g
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
lc
u
la
tio
n
s
w
it
h
le
s
s
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
i
t
s
,
also
r
ed
u
cin
g
FP
G
A
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
as
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
as p
o
s
s
ib
le.
Mo
h
a
m
m
ad
-
R
ez
a
Ke
y
v
a
n
p
o
u
r
a
d
is
cu
s
s
es
t
h
e
i
m
p
o
r
atan
ce
o
f
w
av
e
lets
f
o
r
w
ater
m
a
r
k
in
g
an
d
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
d
o
m
ai
n
tech
n
ic
h
es.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
d
is
cu
s
s
e
s
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
DW
T
in
d
esig
n
i
n
g
au
th
e
n
tica
ti
o
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
w
h
i
ch
f
ails
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
ar
ia
n
c
es
an
d
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
ali
ti
es.
Hen
ce
n
ee
d
o
f
w
a
v
let
s
lik
e
DT
C
W
T
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
ac
h
i
ev
e
h
i
g
h
er
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
f
r
ee
d
o
m
[
1
4
].
3.
T
H
E
I
M
AG
E
WAT
E
RM
ARK
I
NG
A
L
G
O
RI
T
H
M
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
n
g
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
i
n
g
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
b
ased
d
o
m
a
in
tech
n
iq
u
e.
I
n
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
d
o
m
ai
n
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
co
ef
f
icien
t
s
ar
e
m
o
d
i
f
ied
r
at
h
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
p
i
x
el
v
al
u
e.
T
o
d
etec
t
w
ater
m
ar
k
,
I
n
v
er
s
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
is
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
DT
C
W
T
is
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
d
o
m
ai
n
u
s
ed
i
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
L
SB
tech
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
em
b
ed
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
s
i
g
n
al
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
em
b
ed
d
in
g
an
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4
864
I
J
R
E
S
V
o
l.
7
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
l
y
201
8
:
82
–
90
84
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
ater
m
ar
k
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
a
n
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
alg
o
r
it
h
m
Fig
u
r
e1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
e
m
b
ed
d
i
n
g
an
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
es
e
s
tep
s
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
w
s
a.
T
h
e
h
o
s
t a
n
d
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
m
a
g
es o
f
a
n
y
s
ize
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
to
g
r
a
y
s
ca
le
an
d
t
h
en
r
e
s
ized
to
s
m
al
ler
v
al
u
e
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
of
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e.
b.
Du
al
tr
ee
co
m
p
lex
w
av
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
i
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
to
g
e
n
e
r
ate
8
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
L
a
L
a,
L
a
L
b
,
L
a
Ha,
L
b
Hb
,
L
aHa
,
L
b
Hb
,
HaH
a
an
d
Hb
Hb
.
c.
T
h
eL
aL
a
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
an
d
P
r
in
cip
le
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t a
n
al
y
s
is
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
th
i
s
L
a
L
a
s
u
b
b
an
d
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t
s
.
d.
L
ea
s
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t b
it tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
u
s
ed
to
e
m
b
ed
th
e
w
ater
m
a
r
k
s
i
g
n
al
i
n
h
o
s
t i
m
ag
e.
e.
T
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
i
m
ag
e
ca
n
b
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
u
s
in
g
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
h
ich
i
s
a
r
ev
er
s
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
[
4
].
P
ec
ep
tib
ilit
y
is
c
h
ec
k
ed
b
y
ca
l
cu
lati
n
g
p
ea
k
s
ig
n
al
to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
b
et
w
ee
n
o
r
ig
i
n
al
h
o
s
t i
m
a
g
e
an
d
t
h
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
i
m
ag
e.
T
h
e
ex
t
r
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
s
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
ith
o
r
ig
i
n
al
w
ater
m
ar
k
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
el
y
.
B
esid
e
s
u
b
j
ec
tiv
el
y
j
u
d
g
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
f
id
elit
y
,
w
e
h
av
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
an
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
m
e
asu
r
e
o
f
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
w
a
ter
m
ar
k
an
d
th
e
e
x
tr
ac
ted
w
ater
m
ar
k
.
Fo
r
in
s
ta
n
ce
a
p
p
ly
in
g
an
y
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
c
ess
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
to
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
i
m
a
g
e
t
h
at
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
lo
w
p
ass
f
il
ter
in
g
(
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
,
r
esizin
g
)
,
w
ill
r
esu
lt
in
lo
s
s
o
f
m
u
ltis
ca
le
DT
-
C
W
T
co
e
f
f
icien
ts
i
n
h
i
g
h
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
s
o
f
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
ca
s
e,
m
u
lti
s
ca
l
e
DT
-
C
W
T
c
o
ef
f
icie
n
ts
i
n
lo
w
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
to
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
w
h
e
th
er
s
u
s
p
ec
ted
i
m
ag
e
co
n
tain
s
w
ater
m
ar
k
s
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
a
ls
ar
e
u
s
u
al
l
y
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
in
to
th
e
p
er
ce
p
tu
al
l
y
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
t
h
e
h
o
s
t
i
m
a
g
e
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
b
a
lan
ce
o
f
p
er
ce
p
tu
al
q
u
alit
y
a
n
d
R
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
.
3
.
1
.
DT
CWT
Co
m
p
uta
t
io
n
Du
al
-
tr
ee
co
m
p
lex
d
is
cr
ete
w
a
v
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
DT
C
W
T
)
p
r
o
v
id
es
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
o
v
er
th
e
cr
iticall
y
s
a
m
p
led
DW
T
f
o
r
s
ig
n
al,
i
m
a
g
e,
an
d
v
id
eo
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
DT
C
W
T
lev
el
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
T
h
e
D
T
C
W
T
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
r
o
m
is
i
n
g
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
s
t
h
at
h
a
s
an
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
o
f
g
o
o
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
alit
y
,
p
h
ase
i
n
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
,
p
er
f
ec
t
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
an
d
li
m
ited
r
ed
u
n
d
an
c
y
.
T
h
e
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
s
o
f
DW
T
is
s
atis
f
ac
to
r
il
y
r
e
m
o
v
ed
i
n
t
h
e
d
u
al
-
tr
ee
co
m
p
lex
w
av
ele
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
DT
C
W
T
)
[
4
]
.
T
w
o
cla
s
s
ical
w
a
v
elet
tr
ee
s
(
w
it
h
r
ea
l
f
ilter
s
)
ar
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
in
p
ar
allel,
w
it
h
th
e
w
a
v
elet
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
(
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ate)
Hilb
er
t
p
air
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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R
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S
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SS
N:
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leme
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85
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ter
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et
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th
e
t
w
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ee
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o
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th
e
DT
C
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as
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e
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ea
l
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d
im
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g
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ar
y
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ar
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e
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m
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le
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e
let.
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h
e
r
eq
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ir
e
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en
t
f
o
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th
e
d
u
al
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tr
ee
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etti
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Hilb
er
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an
s
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air
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th
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ell
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k
n
o
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n
h
al
f
s
a
m
p
le
d
ela
y
co
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
co
m
p
lex
w
a
v
elet
is
th
e
n
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
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al
y
tic
(
i.e
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ap
p
r
o
x
im
ate
l
y
o
n
e
s
id
ed
in
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
ai
n
)
.
I
t
h
as
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
iate
p
o
s
itiv
e
an
d
n
eg
at
iv
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies.
I
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
s
ix
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
o
r
ien
ted
in
±
1
5
,
±
4
5
,
±
7
5
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
DT
C
W
T
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
o
f
t
w
o
tr
ee
s
w
h
ich
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
r
ea
l
an
d
im
a
g
i
n
ar
y
p
ar
ts
.
T
h
e
Ma
tlab
s
i
m
u
latio
n
o
f
1
-
lev
el
DT
C
W
T
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
is
av
ailab
le
at
L
a
L
a
b
an
d
an
d
r
em
ai
n
i
n
g
s
u
b
b
an
d
s
h
as
h
ig
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
Sin
ce
h
u
m
a
n
e
y
es
ar
e
n
o
t
s
en
s
iti
v
e
to
s
m
all
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
th
e
ed
g
es
an
d
th
e
tex
t
u
r
es
o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e,
L
a
L
a
s
u
b
b
an
d
i
s
s
elec
ted
to
e
m
b
ed
w
ater
m
ar
k
s
ig
n
a
l
e
f
f
icien
tl
y
an
d
i
n
v
is
ib
il
it
y
o
f
th
e
w
ater
m
ar
k
is
k
ep
t a
t lo
w
r
eso
lu
t
io
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
1
-
L
e
v
el
DT
C
W
T
4.
ARCH
I
T
E
C
T
UR
E
O
F
T
H
E
WAT
E
RM
ARK
I
NG
A
L
G
O
RIT
H
M
S.
T
h
e
Desig
n
ed
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
lated
w
ater
m
ar
k
ed
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
u
s
i
n
g
MA
T
L
A
B
i
s
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
o
n
th
e
Sp
ar
ta
n
6
Dilig
e
n
t
Atl
y
s
FP
GA
k
i
t to
ch
ec
k
th
e
ar
ea
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
,
s
p
ee
d
an
d
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
.
T
h
e
VHDL
an
d
Ver
ilo
g
co
d
e
ca
n
b
e
au
to
m
at
icall
y
g
e
n
er
ated
f
o
r
Xilin
x
FP
G
A
s
f
r
o
m
M
A
T
L
A
B
u
s
in
g
HD
L
C
o
d
er
,
Si
m
u
lin
k
,
an
d
Statef
lo
w
m
o
d
els.HD
L
C
o
d
er
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
co
d
e
g
en
er
atio
n
f
o
r
Si
m
u
li
n
k
m
o
d
els
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
w
it
h
a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
b
lo
ck
s
f
r
o
m
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
an
d
Xilin
x
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
b
lo
ck
s
et
s
f
r
o
m
s
y
s
te
m
g
e
n
er
ato
r
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
g
e
n
er
ato
r
Su
b
s
y
s
te
m
b
lo
ck
in
HD
L
c
o
d
er
en
ab
les
to
in
clu
d
e
m
o
d
els
b
u
ilt
w
ith
s
y
s
te
m
g
en
er
at
o
r
in
Sim
u
li
n
k
as
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
HD
L
C
o
d
er
u
s
e
s
s
y
s
te
m
g
e
n
er
ato
r
to
g
en
er
ate
co
d
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
b
l
o
ck
s
an
d
i
n
te
g
r
ates
th
e
co
m
p
lete
d
esi
g
n
in
to
s
y
n
th
esizeab
le
HDL
.
4
.
1
.
Wa
t
er
m
a
r
k
E
m
be
dd
ing
a
nd
E
x
t
ra
ct
io
n Sy
s
t
e
m
Si
m
u
li
n
k
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
w
ater
m
a
r
k
e
m
b
ed
d
in
g
an
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
I
m
p
o
r
t
h
o
s
t
an
d
w
ater
m
ar
k
i
m
a
g
es
o
f
an
y
s
ize.
T
h
e
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
co
n
v
er
t
s
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
al
u
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
R
'
G
'
B
'
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
to
in
ten
s
it
y
.
T
h
e
s
e
t
w
o
i
m
a
g
es
ar
e
r
esized
to
s
m
aller
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
s
to
m
ak
e
th
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
ea
s
ier
an
d
r
esizi
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
ed
h
er
e
i
s
b
ili
n
ea
r
in
ter
p
o
latio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esized
o
u
tp
u
t
i
s
p
a
d
d
ed
w
i
th
co
n
s
ta
n
t
v
alu
e
s
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
e
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e.
T
h
e
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
in
cl
u
d
es
tr
a
n
s
p
o
s
i
n
g
,
2
D
to
1
D
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
,
f
r
a
m
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
an
d
t
h
en
u
n
b
u
f
f
er
o
r
co
n
v
er
t to
s
ca
lar
s
a
m
p
le
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p
p
.
9
3
1
-
9
4
1
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
0
2
.
[2
]
N.
Nik
o
laid
is,
I.
P
it
a
s,
“
Ro
b
u
s
t
Im
a
g
e
Wate
r
m
a
r
k
in
g
in
S
p
a
ti
a
l
Do
m
a
in
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
si
g
n
a
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
6
6
(3
),
3
8
5
-
4
0
3
,
1
9
8
8
.
[3
]
X
in
L
i,
Yo
n
a
tan
S
h
o
sh
a
n
,
e
t
.
a
l.
“
Ha
rd
wa
re
imp
lem
e
n
ta
ti
o
n
f
o
r
v
id
e
o
wa
ter
ma
rk
in
g
”
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
2
0
0
8
,
V
a
rn
a
,
Bu
lg
a
ria,
Ju
n
e
-
Ju
ly
2
0
0
8
.
[4
]
S
u
d
h
a
,
M
.
S
.
,
a
n
d
T
.
C.
T
h
a
n
u
ja.
"
A
Ro
b
u
st
Im
a
g
e
W
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
u
sin
g
DT
CWT
a
n
d
P
CA
.
"
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
1
2
.
1
9
(
2
0
1
7
):
8
2
5
2
-
8
2
5
6
.
[5
]
L
i
m
,
H
y
u
n
,
W
a
n
-
H
y
u
n
Ch
o
.
"
FP
GA
imp
lem
e
n
t
a
ti
o
n
o
f
ima
g
e
wa
ter
ma
rk
in
g
a
l
g
o
rit
h
m
f
o
r
a
d
ig
it
a
l
c
a
me
ra
.
"
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
Co
m
p
u
ters
a
n
d
sig
n
a
l
P
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
2
0
0
3
.
P
A
CRIM
.
2
0
0
3
IEE
E
P
a
c
if
ic
Rim
Co
n
fe
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
V
o
l
.
2
.
IEE
E,
2
0
0
3
.
[6
]
T
a
m
il
v
a
n
a
n
,
K.,
a
n
d
R.
B.
S
e
lv
a
k
u
m
a
r.
"
F
P
G
A
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
d
ig
it
a
l
w
a
ter
m
a
r
k
in
g
s
y
ste
m
.
"
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
M
o
b
il
e
C
o
mp
u
t
in
g
(
IJ
CS
M
C)
3
.
4
(2
0
1
4
):
1
3
2
1
-
7.
[7
]
S
o
n
j
o
y
De
b
Ro
y
,
X
in
L
i,
Y
o
n
a
t
a
n
S
h
o
s
h
a
n
,
A
lex
a
n
d
e
r
F
ish
,
M
e
m
b
e
r,
IEE
E,
a
n
d
Orly
Ya
d
id
-
P
e
c
h
t,
“
Ha
rd
w
a
re
Im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
Dig
it
a
l
W
a
te
rm
a
rk
in
g
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
V
id
e
o
A
u
th
e
n
ti
c
a
ti
o
n
”
,
1
0
5
1
-
8
2
1
5
,
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
2
.
[8
]
En
a
s
Dh
u
h
ri
Ku
s
u
m
a
,
T
h
o
m
a
s
S
ri
W
id
o
d
o
,
“
F
P
G
A
Im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
P
i
p
e
li
n
e
d
2
D
-
DCT
a
n
d
Qu
a
n
ti
z
a
ti
o
n
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
f
o
r
JPE
G
I
m
a
g
e
Co
m
p
re
ss
io
n
”
,
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
0
.
[9
]
P
a
n
k
a
j
U.
L
a
n
d
e
,
S
a
n
jay
N.
Talb
a
r,
G
.
N.
S
h
in
d
e
,
“
F
P
G
A
I
m
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
Im
a
g
e
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
W
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
Us
in
g
Hu
m
a
n
V
is
u
a
l
M
o
d
e
l”,
IC
GS
T
-
PDCS
J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
Vo
l
u
m
e
9
,
I
ss
u
e
1
,
Oc
to
b
e
r
2
0
0
9
.
[1
0
]
Ra
jes
h
Ka
n
n
a
n
M
e
g
a
li
n
g
a
m
,
M
it
h
u
n
M
u
ra
li
d
h
a
ra
n
Na
ir,
Ra
h
u
l
S
rik
u
m
a
r,
V
e
n
k
a
t
Krish
n
a
n
Ba
las
u
b
ra
m
a
n
ian
,
V
in
e
e
t
h
S
a
rm
a
V
e
n
u
g
o
p
a
la
S
a
rm
a
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
No
v
e
l,
Ro
b
u
st
S
p
a
ti
a
l
Do
m
a
in
Dig
it
a
l
Im
a
g
e
W
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
w
it
h
th
e
Co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
Do
m
a
in
W
a
ter
m
a
rk
in
g
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s”
,
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
1
]
S
o
wm
y
a
,
S
.
,
a
n
d
R
o
y
P
a
il
y
.
"
FP
GA
imp
lem
e
n
ta
t
io
n
o
f
im
a
g
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
me
n
t
a
l
g
o
rit
h
ms
."
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
S
ig
n
a
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
(ICCS
P
)
,
2
0
1
1
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
.
IE
E
E
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
2
]
Ka
rth
ig
a
ik
u
m
a
r,
P
.
,
a
n
d
K.
Ba
s
k
a
ra
n
.
"
F
P
GA
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
Hig
h
S
p
e
e
d
L
o
w
A
re
a
D
WT
b
a
se
d
in
v
isib
le
im
a
g
e
w
a
t
e
r
m
a
r
k
in
g
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
.
"
P
r
o
c
e
d
ia E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
3
0
(2
0
1
2
):
2
6
6
-
2
7
3
.
[1
3
]
W
a
s
fy
,
W
a
e
l,
a
n
d
Ho
n
g
Zh
e
n
g
.
"
G
e
n
e
ra
l
stru
c
tu
re
d
e
sig
n
f
o
r
f
a
st
ima
g
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
b
a
s
e
d
u
p
o
n
F
P
G
A
DSP
slice
.
"
P
h
y
sic
s P
ro
c
e
d
ia
3
3
(
2
0
1
2
):
6
9
0
-
6
9
7
.
[1
4
]
Ke
y
v
a
n
p
o
u
r
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
-
Re
z
a
,
a
n
d
F
a
rn
o
o
s
h
M
e
rrik
h
-
Ba
y
a
t
"
R
o
b
u
st
d
y
n
a
m
ic
b
lo
c
k
-
b
a
se
d
im
a
g
e
wa
ter
m
a
r
k
in
g
in
DW
T
d
o
m
a
in
.
"
P
ro
c
e
d
ia C
o
m
p
u
ter S
c
ien
c
e
3
(2
0
1
1
):
2
3
8
-
2
4
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
IE
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
M
rs
S
u
d
h
a
M
S
is
w
o
rk
ig
a
s
As
sitan
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
d
e
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
a
t
S
a
p
a
th
a
g
iri
c
o
ll
e
g
e
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Ba
n
g
a
lo
re
.
He
r
Re
se
a
rc
h
In
ste
re
sts
a
re
Dig
it
a
l
im
a
g
e
w
a
t
e
r
m
a
r
k
in
g
.
Dr.
T
.
C
T
h
a
n
u
ja
is
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
p
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
V
L
S
I
a
n
d
Em
b
e
d
d
e
d
sy
ste
m
,
V
T
U
Be
lag
u
a
m
.
He
r
re
s
e
a
rc
h
in
ste
re
sts a
re
Dig
it
a
l
ima
g
e
wa
ter
m
a
r
k
in
g
a
n
d
Na
n
o
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
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