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l
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
b
et
w
ee
n
n
o
d
es
i
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
B
ac
k
-
o
f
f
al
g
o
r
ith
m
in
C
SM
A
/
C
D
is
u
s
ed
to
h
a
n
d
le
p
ac
k
et
co
llis
io
n
s
an
d
r
etr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
.
E
t
h
er
n
et
h
as
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
b
ein
g
t
h
e
lead
in
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
lo
n
g
ti
m
es
.
T
h
u
s
,
it is
p
r
ac
tical
in
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
,
e
x
p
en
d
ab
ilit
y
,
m
ain
t
ain
ab
ilit
y
an
d
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le.
I
t is also
lo
w
co
s
t d
u
e
to
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
a
v
ailab
le
an
d
s
i
m
p
le
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
[
6
]
.
Sin
ce
E
t
h
er
n
et
h
as
m
a
n
y
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
s
o
n
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
is
t
h
e
s
is
w
i
ll
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ate
o
n
E
th
er
n
et
a
n
d
C
SM
A/C
D.
B
ac
k
-
o
f
f
alg
o
r
it
h
m
a
ls
o
s
t
u
d
ied
d
ee
p
ly
to
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
m
o
d
if
ied
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
s
to
e
n
h
an
ce
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
esp
ec
iall
y
i
n
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
co
n
tr
o
l
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
A
r
ea
Net
w
o
r
k
(
C
A
N)
,
p
r
o
to
co
l
in
v
e
n
ted
b
y
B
o
s
ch
in
1
9
8
6
,
is
d
eter
m
i
n
is
ti
c
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
ai
n
l
y
f
o
r
au
to
m
o
tiv
e
ap
p
licatio
n
.
I
t
h
as
p
r
io
r
it
y
ar
b
itra
tio
n
to
h
an
d
l
e
co
llis
io
n
s
a
n
d
r
etr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
[
2
]
.
Sin
ce
C
A
N
p
r
o
to
co
l
is
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
ch
as
ca
r
A
B
S
s
y
s
te
m
,
it
i
s
d
eter
m
i
n
is
t
ic
d
u
e
to
p
r
io
r
ity
a
n
d
h
as
b
o
u
n
d
ed
ti
m
e
d
ela
y
.
C
A
N
p
r
o
to
co
l
o
n
l
y
n
ee
d
s
i
m
p
le
l
ow
-
co
s
t
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
to
i
m
p
le
m
en
t,
t
h
at
i
s
t
w
i
s
ted
p
air
w
ir
es
an
d
r
esi
s
to
r
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
i
s
th
e
s
is
a
ls
o
s
p
e
n
d
ef
f
o
r
t to
in
v
es
tig
a
te
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
C
AN
b
ein
g
u
s
e
a
s
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
n
tr
o
l s
y
s
te
m
.
2.
M
O
DE
L
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
u
s
ed
i
n
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
MA
T
L
A
B
.
MA
T
L
A
B
i
s
n
u
m
er
ical
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e,
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
Ma
th
W
o
r
k
s
an
d
h
as
lo
ts
o
f
to
o
lb
o
x
an
d
lib
r
ar
y
r
ea
d
y
to
u
s
e.
T
h
e
v
er
s
io
n
u
s
ed
is
MA
T
L
A
B
R
2
0
1
5
a.
Sim
u
li
n
k
is
a
g
r
ap
h
ical
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
th
at
h
as
w
el
l
in
te
g
r
ati
o
n
w
i
th
M
A
T
L
A
B
.
I
t
is
w
ell
k
n
o
w
n
f
o
r
m
u
lt
id
o
m
ai
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
m
u
latio
n
a
n
d
m
o
d
el
d
e
s
ig
n
i
n
f
ield
o
f
au
to
m
atio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
d
ig
ital
s
i
g
n
a
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
ical
b
lo
ck
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
to
o
l
an
d
b
lo
ck
lib
r
ar
y
in
Si
m
u
li
n
k
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
te
n
s
i
v
el
y
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el.
Si
m
E
v
en
ts
is
also
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
i
n
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
Sim
E
v
en
ts
is
a
d
is
cr
ete
ev
e
n
t
s
i
m
u
latio
n
t
o
o
l
th
at
ad
d
ev
e
n
t
-
b
ased
s
i
m
u
latio
n
en
g
i
n
e
a
n
d
b
u
ild
i
n
g
b
lo
ck
s
to
Si
m
u
li
n
k
.
MA
T
L
A
B
,
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
a
n
d
Si
m
E
v
e
n
t
s
f
o
r
m
a
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
to
cr
ea
te
a
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
m
o
d
el
n
ee
d
ed
in
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
s
tar
t
s
w
it
h
E
t
h
e
r
n
et
m
o
d
el
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
in
it
ial
E
t
h
er
n
et
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
i
s
t
d
ef
a
u
lt
b
ac
k
-
o
f
f
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
,
t
h
at
is
B
E
B
alg
o
r
ith
m
an
d
it
h
a
s
o
n
l
y
th
r
ee
n
o
d
es.
T
h
en
e
v
al
u
atio
n
an
d
v
al
id
atio
n
ta
k
e
p
lace
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
m
o
d
el
i
s
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
as
i
n
te
n
d
ed
.
T
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
tep
i
s
r
u
n
s
i
m
u
latio
n
an
d
co
llect
d
ata.
T
o
c
o
m
p
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
b
ac
k
-
o
f
f
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
t
h
e
b
ac
k
-
o
f
f
alg
o
r
it
h
m
i
n
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
is
r
ep
lace
d
to
lin
ea
r
b
ac
k
-
o
f
f
,
ex
p
o
n
e
n
tia
l
l
in
ea
r
b
ac
k
-
o
f
f
,
an
d
lo
g
ar
it
h
m
b
ac
k
-
o
f
f
.
T
o
s
i
m
u
late
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
h
e
n
h
ig
h
er
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
ar
e
p
r
esen
t,
ten
n
o
d
es
an
d
f
if
tee
n
n
o
d
es
m
o
d
el
s
ar
e
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
,
ev
alu
ated
,
v
alid
ated
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
lated
.
F
in
all
y
,
w
h
o
le
d
ata
co
llecte
d
is
a
n
al
y
ze
d
a
n
d
r
ep
o
r
t
an
d
is
g
en
er
ated
.
B
esid
es E
th
er
n
et
m
o
d
el,
C
A
N
m
o
d
el
is
also
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
i
n
g
s
i
m
ilar
f
lo
w
.
2
.
1
.
E
m
be
dd
ed
E
t
hernet
T
h
r
ee
n
o
d
es
E
th
er
n
et
m
o
d
el
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
er
e
a
r
e
th
r
ee
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
b
lo
c
k
s
i
n
t
h
e
m
o
d
el,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
A
p
p
licatio
n
,
M
AC
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
an
d
T
-
J
u
n
ctio
n
.
Ap
p
licatio
n
B
lo
ck
is
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
el
th
e
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
E
t
h
er
n
et
d
ata
p
ac
k
et.
M
AC
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
b
lo
ck
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
n
o
d
e’
s
u
s
e
o
f
s
h
a
r
ed
ch
an
n
el.
T
-
J
u
n
ctio
n
b
lo
ck
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
n
ec
t
n
o
d
e
to
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
T
h
er
e
ar
e
o
th
er
b
lo
ck
s
f
o
r
li
n
k
i
n
g
an
d
ter
m
i
n
atio
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
s
u
c
h
a
s
C
ab
le
an
d
T
er
m
in
a
to
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
is
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
b
as
ic
E
t
h
er
n
et
m
o
d
el
w
it
h
3
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
E
th
er
n
et
m
o
d
el
is
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
in
a
w
a
y
t
h
at
it
ca
n
b
e
e
x
t
en
d
ed
.
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
it
is
ex
t
en
d
ed
to
1
0
n
o
d
es,
an
d
1
5
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
ai
m
is
to
ev
alu
ate
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
w
h
e
n
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
in
cr
ea
s
es.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
f
u
n
ct
io
n
o
f
A
p
p
licatio
n
B
lo
ck
is
to
m
o
d
el
th
e
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
E
th
er
n
e
t
d
ata
p
ac
k
et.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
b
lo
ck
s
t
h
at
h
a
n
d
le
p
ac
k
et
g
en
er
atio
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.
E
v
e
n
t
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B
ased
R
an
d
o
m
N
u
m
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er
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g
et
s
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ac
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ate
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r
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o
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ee
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p
u
t
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ar
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ate
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e
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o
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T
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ter
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ill
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m
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ased
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n
tit
y
g
en
er
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r
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er
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8
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Fig
u
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T
h
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ee
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Fig
u
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e
2
.
P
ac
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et
g
en
er
atio
n
b
l
o
ck
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Set
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ttrib
u
te
b
lo
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s
et
s
at
tr
ib
u
tes
to
t
h
e
e
n
tit
y
.
Attr
ib
u
tes
i
s
n
u
m
er
ical
d
ata
attac
h
ed
to
t
h
e
e
n
tit
y
.
T
h
e
en
tit
y
h
er
e
is
t
h
e
p
ac
k
et
a
n
d
th
e
attr
ib
u
te
s
o
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p
ac
k
et
ar
e
P
ac
k
etS
ize,
Ser
v
i
ce
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im
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a
n
d
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im
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Fo
r
P
ac
k
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ze
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it
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s
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h
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s
ize
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p
ac
k
et
i
n
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it.
E
v
en
t
-
B
ased
R
an
d
o
m
N
u
m
b
er
1
is
u
s
ed
t
o
g
en
er
ate
r
a
n
d
o
m
n
u
m
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er
o
f
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it
f
r
o
m
u
n
i
f
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tr
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tio
n
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Si
g
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g
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ai
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p
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k
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itter
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#
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eg
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m
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Fig
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3
.
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(
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ig
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I
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Fig
u
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u
r
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5
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r
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ith
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Fig
u
r
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s
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a
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et
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ak
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k
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Me
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ess
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b
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.
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r
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s
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it
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p
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r
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ce
s
s
,
it
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s
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m
itated
b
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T
r
an
s
m
is
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io
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B
u
f
f
er
,
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o
n
tr
o
l
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o
n
tr
o
ller
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lo
ck
.
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r
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ll
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d
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is
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a
k
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m
itated
b
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n
f
i
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ite
Ser
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er
b
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n
d
C
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MA
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D
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lo
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r
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ac
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o
f
f
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ith
m
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it i
s
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itated
Sin
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ller
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.
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e
th
e
k
e
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lo
ck
s
t
h
at
i
m
itate
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h
e
C
SM
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p
r
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l
in
E
th
er
n
et.
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t,
th
e
f
u
n
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h
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lo
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u
s
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M
AC
C
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ller
w
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ll b
e
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p
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.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Stru
ct
u
r
e
o
f
M
A
C
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
b
lo
ck
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
nt
J
R
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
ab
le
&
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m
b
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4864
P
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n
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(
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in
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h
ia
Leo
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)
41
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t o
f
C
SM
A
/
C
D
p
r
o
to
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l
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h
e
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C
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o
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eg
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a
n
s
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itt
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.
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r
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ter
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eg
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ctio
n
is
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n
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ased
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p
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f
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tr
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ter
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h
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in
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tter
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llis
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r
.
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ter
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h
at,
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n
f
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ite
Ser
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lo
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p
u
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k
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ld
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ased
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t t
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ee
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u
r
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.
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g
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u
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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43
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