I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
w
er
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
Sy
s
t
e
m
(
I
J
P
E
DS
)
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
134
5
~
1
3
5
8
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
p
ed
s
.
v8
i
3
.
pp
1
3
4
5
-
135
8
1345
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
JP
E
DS
Sliding
Mo
de
O
bs
erver
s
-
b
a
sed
Fault
De
tect
io
n
a
nd Is
o
la
tion
for
Wind Turb
ine
-
d
r
iv
en Induction
G
e
nera
tor
T
.
Sella
m
i
1
,
H
.
B
er
riri
2
,
S.
J
ela
s
s
i
3
,
A.
M
Da
rc
herif
4
a
nd
M
.
F
.
M
im
o
u
ni
5
1
,
2,
4
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t,
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
M
o
n
a
stir
1,
2,
5
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t,
Ce
rg
y
-
P
o
n
t
o
ise
Un
iv
e
rsity
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Mar
1
7
,
2
0
1
7
R
ev
i
s
ed
J
u
n
2
0
,
2
0
1
7
A
cc
ep
ted
A
u
g
10
,
2
0
1
7
In
ter
-
tu
r
n
sh
o
rt
-
c
ircu
it
(IT
S
C)
f
a
u
lt
s
o
n
t
h
e
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
a
c
h
in
e
h
a
s
re
c
e
iv
e
d
m
u
c
h
a
tt
e
n
ti
o
n
in
th
e
re
c
e
n
t
y
e
a
rs.
Early
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
su
c
h
f
a
u
lt
s
in
w
in
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
sy
ste
m
s
w
o
u
ld
a
ll
o
w
to
a
v
o
id
f
lu
c
tu
a
ti
o
n
o
n
w
in
d
p
o
w
e
r
o
u
tp
u
tan
d
m
a
in
tain
th
e
re
li
a
b
il
it
y
lev
e
l.
In
t
h
is
p
a
p
e
r,
S
li
d
in
g
M
o
d
e
Ob
se
rv
e
rs
(S
M
O)
-
b
a
se
d
f
a
u
lt
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
is
o
la
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
is
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
f
o
r
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
(I
G
)
-
b
a
se
d
v
a
riab
le
-
sp
e
e
d
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
w
in
d
tu
rb
in
e
s.
F
irstl
y
,
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
th
e
w
in
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
a
n
d
IG
wa
s
g
iv
e
n
a
n
d
th
e
n
,
th
e
c
o
n
tro
l
w
a
s
m
a
d
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
P
o
w
e
r
P
o
i
n
t
T
ra
c
k
i
n
g
(M
P
P
T
)
m
e
th
o
d
.
T
h
e
IG
c
lo
se
d
-
lo
o
p
v
ia
In
d
irec
t
Ro
to
r
F
l
u
x
Orie
n
ted
Co
n
tr
o
l
(IRF
OC)
sc
h
e
m
e
wa
s
a
lso
d
e
sc
rib
e
d
.
He
n
c
e
,
t
h
e
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
w
in
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
sy
ste
m
a
n
d
th
e
sta
b
il
it
y
o
f
in
jec
ted
p
o
w
e
r
to
th
e
g
rid
w
e
re
a
n
a
l
y
z
e
d
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
IT
S
C
fa
u
lt
c
o
n
d
it
io
n
s.
T
h
e
c
o
n
tro
l
sc
h
e
m
e
s
w
e
re
p
ro
v
e
d
to
b
e
in
h
e
re
n
tl
y
u
n
sta
b
le
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
f
a
u
lt
y
c
o
n
d
it
io
n
s.
T
h
e
n
,
r
o
b
u
st
S
M
O
w
e
re
in
v
e
stig
a
ted
to
d
e
sig
n
a
n
IT
S
C
f
a
u
lt
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
is
o
latio
n
sc
h
e
m
e
.
F
in
a
ll
y
,
sim
u
latio
n
re
su
lt
s
o
f
IT
S
C
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
iso
latio
n
in
t
h
e
v
a
riab
le
-
sp
e
e
d
g
r
id
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
w
it
h
a
ff
e
c
ted
IG
c
o
n
f
ir
m
th
e
th
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
Fau
lt d
etec
tio
n
an
d
is
o
latio
n
I
n
ter
-
t
u
r
n
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
it
f
a
u
lt
R
esid
u
als
S
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
o
b
s
er
v
er
T
h
r
esh
o
ld
s
W
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
d
r
iv
e
n
i
n
d
u
cti
o
n
g
en
er
ato
r
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
7
I
ns
t
it
u
te o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
T
ak
w
a
Sella
m
i
,
Qu
ar
tz
-
L
ab
,
E
A
9
3
7
3
,
E
n
g
in
e
er
in
g
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t a
n
d
E
SIE
R
,
E
lectr
ical
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t
C
er
g
y
-
P
o
n
to
i
s
e
Un
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
,
C
er
g
y
9
5
0
0
0
,
Fra
n
ce
an
d
E
NI
M,
Mo
n
asti
r
5
0
0
0
,
T
u
n
is
ia.
E
m
ail:
ta
k
w
a.
s
el
la
m
i@
et
u
.
u
-
c
er
g
y
.
f
r
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
W
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
p
r
ese
n
t
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
c
h
alle
n
g
in
g
is
s
u
e
s
in
ac
ad
em
ic
r
esear
ch
es
ar
ea
.
Diag
n
o
s
tic
s
tr
ateg
ies
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
s
ettin
g
u
p
Fau
lt
Dete
ctio
n
a
n
d
I
s
o
latio
n
(
FD
I
)
m
eth
o
d
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
estab
lis
h
an
ef
f
icie
n
t
f
au
lt
to
ler
a
n
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e.
FDI
m
et
h
o
d
s
ar
e
t
w
i
s
ted
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
co
n
ti
n
u
it
y
o
f
s
er
v
ice
u
n
d
er
f
a
u
lt
y
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
an
d
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t [
1
]
.
A
g
r
ea
t
d
ea
l
o
f
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
h
a
s
b
ee
n
d
ev
o
ted
to
o
b
s
er
v
er
-
b
ased
FDI
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
[
2
]
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
o
b
s
er
v
er
s
av
o
id
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
f
o
r
ad
d
itio
n
al
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
an
d
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
er
f
au
lt
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ob
s
er
v
er
-
FDI
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
r
e
s
id
u
al
s
s
e
n
s
itiv
e
to
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
f
au
lts
[
3
]
.
On
ce
th
e
f
au
lt
is
p
r
ese
n
t,
t
h
e
i
n
d
ic
ato
r
s
ar
e
alar
m
ed
as
t
h
e
r
esi
d
u
al
ex
ce
ed
s
its
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
t
h
r
esh
o
ld
.
Sli
d
i
n
g
Mo
d
e
Ob
s
er
v
er
s
(
SMO)
ar
e
m
o
s
tl
y
ad
o
p
ted
in
th
e
i
n
d
u
s
t
r
ial
d
iag
n
o
s
i
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
y
ar
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
m
ea
n
s
ag
a
in
s
t
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
et
r
ic
v
ar
iatio
n
s
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
ir
m
ai
n
f
ea
t
u
r
es
ar
e
th
at
t
h
e
y
ar
e
ab
le
to
co
m
p
en
s
ate
t
h
e
f
au
lts
i
m
p
ac
ts
a
n
d
to
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
th
e
elec
tr
ical
an
d
m
ec
h
a
n
ic
al
s
ig
n
als
w
ith
o
u
t sto
p
p
in
g
t
h
e
s
er
v
ice.
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
i
n
d
u
c
tio
n
m
ac
h
i
n
e
d
r
iv
e
s
ar
e
w
id
el
y
ad
o
p
ted
in
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
lik
e
elec
tr
i
ca
l
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
tr
ac
tio
n
d
r
iv
e
s
,
an
d
esp
ec
iall
y
i
n
h
i
g
h
-
p
o
w
er
v
ar
iab
le
-
s
p
ee
d
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
y
p
icall
y
,
I
n
d
ir
ec
t
R
o
to
r
Flu
x
Or
ie
n
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
I
R
FOC
)
m
et
h
o
d
co
n
tr
o
ls
I
n
d
u
c
tio
n
Ge
n
er
ato
r
(
I
G)
b
y
i
m
p
o
s
in
g
it
s
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
tab
ilit
y
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
t
n
es
s
w
er
e
p
r
o
v
ed
f
o
r
5
-
p
h
a
s
e
i
n
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
r
with
r
o
to
r
r
esi
s
ta
n
ce
v
ar
iatio
n
i
n
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
m
ain
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
th
i
s
m
e
th
o
d
is
t
h
at
it
ex
clu
d
es
t
h
e
lea
k
ag
e
r
ea
cta
n
c
e
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
s
tato
r
an
d
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
.
Nev
er
th
eles
s
,
it
h
as
to
b
e
v
er
i
f
ied
i
f
th
i
s
co
n
tr
o
l
s
c
h
e
m
e
i
s
s
u
f
f
ici
en
t
to
h
an
d
le
f
a
u
lts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
134
5
–
1
3
5
8
1346
p
r
esen
ce
o
r
h
av
e
to
b
e
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
an
o
th
er
m
o
r
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
s
c
h
e
m
e.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
r
esu
lts
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
[
6
]
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
i
n
f
ield
-
o
r
ie
n
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
led
m
ac
h
i
n
es
h
a
s
u
s
ef
u
l
f
ea
t
u
r
es
i
n
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
.
I
n
ter
-
T
u
r
n
S
h
o
r
t
-
C
ir
cu
it
(
I
T
SC
)
f
a
u
lt,
u
s
u
all
y
tr
ig
g
er
ed
b
y
p
ar
tial
d
is
ch
ar
g
e,
is
a
cr
itical
f
a
u
lt
af
f
ec
tin
g
t
h
e
s
tato
r
w
i
n
d
in
g
s
o
f
in
d
u
c
tio
n
m
ac
h
in
e
s
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
I
T
SC
f
au
lt
p
r
o
p
ag
ates
r
ap
i
d
ly
i
n
m
ac
h
in
e
s
an
d
g
r
o
w
s
to
tu
r
n
-
t
u
r
n
o
r
tu
r
n
-
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it.
I
n
ter
-
t
u
r
n
s
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it
f
a
u
lt
e
n
g
e
n
d
er
s
ad
d
itio
n
al
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
tr
ess
an
d
n
o
is
e
to
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
[
7
]
.
Sh
o
r
t
–
cir
cu
it
f
a
u
lt
ca
n
b
e
d
estru
cti
v
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
ac
h
in
e
in
a
q
u
ic
k
ti
m
e
[
8
]
.
I
n
[
9
]
,
th
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
s
s
t
u
d
ied
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
a
n
d
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
s
ig
n
a
ls
o
f
a
d
o
u
b
l
y
f
ed
i
n
d
u
ct
io
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
u
n
d
er
s
h
o
r
t
-
c
ir
cu
it
f
au
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
a
t
o
n
l
y
i
n
u
n
cr
itical
p
o
s
t
-
f
a
u
l
t
s
itu
at
io
n
s
,
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
es
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
es
ar
e
ab
le
to
r
esto
r
e
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
o
u
t
d
is
co
n
n
ec
t
io
n
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
f
au
lt
i
m
p
ac
t
in
cl
u
d
es
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
e
n
s
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
-
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
[
1
0
]
.
As a
r
esu
lt,
t
h
e
s
tab
ili
t
y
o
f
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lie
d
to
th
e
g
r
id
ca
n
b
e
d
is
tu
r
b
ed
.
Sh
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it
f
au
lts
m
o
d
i
f
y
t
h
e
I
G
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
b
y
ch
a
n
g
in
g
its
p
h
y
s
ical
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
[
1
1
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
th
e
d
is
t
u
r
b
ed
elec
tr
ical
an
d
m
ec
h
an
ica
l
s
i
g
n
al
s
ca
r
r
y
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
f
au
lt.
Stato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
th
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
s
i
g
n
al
s
th
e
m
o
s
t
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
I
T
SC
f
a
u
lt.
I
n
f
ac
t,
a
r
ec
en
t
s
t
u
d
y
[
1
2
]
o
f
a
5
0
Hz
4
p
o
le
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
u
n
d
er
h
e
alt
h
y
an
d
f
au
lt
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ass
es
s
e
d
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
b
ac
k
w
ar
d
s
s
eq
u
en
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
co
n
f
ir
m
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
n
e
g
ati
v
e
s
eq
u
en
c
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
i
s
a
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
f
o
r
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
in
ter
-
t
u
r
n
f
a
u
lt
s
.
Fro
m
h
er
e,
SMO
ar
e
ca
lled
to
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
e
s
tato
r
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
d
etec
t
an
d
is
o
late
th
e
f
a
u
lt
[
1
3
]
-
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
b
asic
id
ea
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDI
m
e
th
o
d
is
to
g
en
er
ate
r
esi
d
u
als
v
ia
SM
O
ab
le
to
ca
p
tiv
ate
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
s
tato
r
f
au
lt
s
.
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
ill
b
e
th
e
n
tr
an
s
m
it
ted
to
in
d
icato
r
s
i
n
o
r
d
e
r
to
tr
ig
g
er
t
h
e
alar
m
s
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
a
n
ized
as
f
o
ll
o
w
s
:
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
m
o
d
els
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ec
tio
n
.
I
n
th
e
t
h
ir
d
s
ec
tio
n
,
I
T
SC
f
a
u
lt
a
f
f
ec
tin
g
a
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
d
r
iv
e
n
I
G
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
i
n
g
MA
T
L
A
B
/SIM
U
L
I
NK.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
f
a
u
lt
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
th
e
e
l
ec
tr
ical
an
d
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
i
g
n
a
ls
o
f
t
h
e
v
ar
iab
le
-
s
p
ee
d
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
ar
e
ex
tr
a
cted
.
Stato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
cted
in
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
e
ctio
n
u
s
in
g
SMO.
Af
ter
w
ar
d
s
,
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDI
s
ch
em
e
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
u
n
d
er
b
o
th
h
ea
lt
h
y
a
n
d
f
a
u
lt
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
r
esid
u
als
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
eir
th
r
es
h
o
ld
s
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
claim
t
h
e
I
T
SC
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
is
o
l
a
te
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
y
p
h
ase.
I
n
th
e
la
s
t sectio
n
,
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
.
2.
WI
ND
T
URB
I
N
E
SYS
T
E
M
M
O
DE
L
L
I
N
G
W
ith
in
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
i
n
p
o
w
er
-
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies,
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
es
to
th
e
g
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
,
v
ar
iab
le
-
s
p
ee
d
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
es
ar
e
n
o
w
a
d
ay
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
.
T
h
ese
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
es
ca
p
t
u
r
e
an
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
b
etter
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
t
h
an
f
i
x
ed
-
s
p
ee
d
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
p
r
esen
t
s
th
e
s
c
h
e
m
atic
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
d
r
iv
e
n
I
G.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
clu
d
e
s
a
tu
r
b
in
e,
d
r
iv
e
tr
ain
,
g
ea
r
b
o
x
,
I
G,
t
wo
b
ac
k
-
to
-
b
ac
k
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
in
ter
f
ac
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
AC
-
DC
-
AC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
(
s
tato
r
-
si
d
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
an
d
a
g
r
id
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
t
er
)
lin
k
ed
b
y
a
DC
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
(
E
)
,
p
e
r
m
i
t
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
elec
t
r
ical
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
r
id
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sch
e
m
atic
r
ep
r
esen
t
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
-
d
r
iv
e
n
I
G
co
n
tr
o
lle
d
b
y
IR
F
OC
s
tr
ateg
y
G
ri
d
Re
f
e
re
n
c
e
f
l
u
x
=
~
P
M
W
C
u
rr
e
n
t
i
s
d
c
o
n
t
ro
l
/
d
e
c
o
u
p
l
i
n
g
C
u
rr
e
n
t
i
s
q
c
o
n
t
ro
l
/
d
e
c
o
u
p
l
i
n
g
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
o
r
2
/
3
2
/
3
w
r
m
e
a
s
u
re
d
w
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
d
w
r
w
s
i
s
q
C
em
*
/i
s
q
*
i
s
q
i
s
d
ϴ
s
S
p
e
e
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
(
MP
PT)
V
s
abc
i
s
abc
IG
T
u
rb
i
n
e
~
=
i
s
d
*
i
s
d
V
s
d
*
V
s
q
*
V
s
abc
*
Fl
u
x
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
C
o
n
v
e
rt
e
r
i
ch
i
c
o
n
v
C
1
E
/2
1
2
3
C
2
C
3
E
/2
o
i
c
U
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
S
lid
in
g
Mo
d
e
O
b
s
ervers
-
B
a
s
e
d
F
a
u
lt De
tectio
n
a
n
d
I
s
o
la
tio
n
fo
r
W
in
d
Tu
r
b
in
e
-
Dri
ve
n
I
G
(
Ta
kwa
S
ella
mi
)
1347
T
h
e
ess
en
tial
p
o
i
n
ts
o
f
in
ter
e
s
t
o
f
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
es
d
r
iv
e
n
I
G
ar
e
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
g
r
id
-
p
o
w
er
(
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
tr
o
l)
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
g
r
id
-
p
o
w
er
co
n
tr
o
l
s
c
h
e
m
e
co
n
tr
o
ls
t
h
e
g
r
id
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
th
r
o
u
g
h
f
ee
d
in
g
it
s
P
u
l
s
e
W
id
th
-
Mo
d
u
lated
(
P
W
M)
b
y
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
v
o
lta
g
es
r
e
f
er
en
ce
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
also
f
o
r
ce
s
th
e
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
to
f
o
llo
w
its
r
ef
er
en
ce
.
T
h
e
I
G
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
t
y
p
ical
l
y
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
i
n
d
ir
ec
t
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
o
r
ien
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
.
I
R
FOC
m
et
h
o
d
co
n
t
r
o
ls
th
e
s
tato
r
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
th
r
o
u
g
h
f
ee
d
i
n
g
i
ts
P
W
M
b
y
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
s
r
ef
er
en
ce
[
1
5
]
.
2
.
1
.
T
urbin
e
M
o
del
T
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
i
s
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
an
i
n
er
tia
J
turbine
,
a
r
o
to
r
r
ad
iu
s
R
an
d
a
p
o
w
er
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
C
p
.
C
p
i
s
ca
lcu
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
p
it
ch
an
g
le
β
an
d
t
h
e
tip
s
p
ee
d
r
atio
λ
.
T
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
is
co
n
n
ec
te
d
to
a
g
en
er
ato
r
v
ia
a
g
ea
r
b
o
x
ad
ap
tin
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
.
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
r
o
to
r
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
an
i
n
er
tia
J
g
a
n
d
a
co
ef
f
icien
t
o
f
f
r
ictio
n
r
elati
v
e
to
th
e
s
h
a
f
t
f.
T
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
ac
cu
m
u
late
s
a
w
i
n
d
to
r
q
u
e
C
ar
.
T
h
en
,
it
tr
an
s
f
e
r
s
it
to
th
e
g
ea
r
b
o
x
.
A
to
r
q
u
e
C
g
i
s
th
e
n
d
eliv
er
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
ea
r
b
o
x
to
th
e
g
e
n
e
r
ato
r
.
T
h
e
g
en
er
ato
r
r
o
tatin
g
at
th
e
s
p
ee
d
Ω
mec
,
g
en
er
ate
s
an
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
e
tic
to
r
q
u
e
C
em
.
Su
b
j
ec
ted
to
th
e
w
i
n
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
a
s
p
ee
d
V
,
T
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
tip
s
p
ee
d
-
r
atio
λ
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
m
e
c
R
V
(
1
)
T
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
a
to
tal
in
er
tia
J
t
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
2
J
tg
JJ
G
(
2
)
T
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
eq
u
at
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
C
C
f
t
e
m
g
m
e
c
m
e
c
d
J
dt
(
3
)
W
h
er
e
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
C
g
is
d
e
f
in
e
d
b
y
23
1
R
,
2
m
e
c
m
e
p
a
r
r
g
c
a
VC
CP
C
G
G
G
(
4
)
C
ar
is
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
ae
r
o
d
y
n
a
m
ic
to
r
q
u
e
. P
ar
is
th
e
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
ae
r
o
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
o
w
er
.
ρ
is
th
e
air
d
en
s
it
y
o
f
th
e
air
.
2
.
2
.
I
nd
uct
io
n
G
ener
a
t
o
r
M
o
del
T
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
clo
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
m
o
d
el
is
s
et
u
p
in
P
ar
k
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
a
m
e
(
d
,
q
)
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
d
(
d
ir
ec
t
ax
is
)
a
n
d
q
(
q
u
ad
r
at
u
r
e
ax
i
s
)
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
r
r
a
n
d
r
s
th
e
p
h
ase
r
e
s
is
ta
n
ce
o
f
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
el
y
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
an
d
th
e
s
tato
r
o
f
th
e
p
p
air
s
o
f
p
o
les
I
G.
L
s
(
s
tato
r
in
d
u
ctan
ce
)
,
L
r
(
r
o
t
o
r
in
d
u
ctan
ce
)
an
d
M
s
r
(
s
tato
r
-
r
o
to
r
in
ter
ac
tio
n
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
)
ar
e
th
e
I
G
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
r
elati
v
e
to
(
d
,
q
)
-
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
a
m
e.
T
h
e
c
y
cli
c
m
u
tu
al
i
n
d
u
c
tan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
s
t
ato
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
eq
u
iv
alen
t p
h
as
es
M
(
M
=3
/2
M
sr
).
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
p
is
t
h
e
r
o
tatin
g
v
ec
to
r
an
g
le.
s
is
t
h
e
r
o
t
atin
g
v
ec
to
r
an
g
le
r
elativ
e
to
t
h
e
s
t
ato
r
f
r
a
m
e
(
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
s
p
ee
d
)
.
s
is
t
h
e
r
o
tatin
g
v
ec
to
r
an
g
le
r
elativ
e
to
th
e
r
o
to
r
f
r
a
m
e.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
s
p
,
s
a
n
d
r
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
a
s
t
h
e
d
er
iv
a
tiv
e
o
f
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
t
h
e
a
n
g
les
p
,
s
an
d
.
r
is
ca
lled
t
h
e
m
ac
h
in
e
elec
t
r
ic
s
p
ee
d
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
=
m
ec
,
w
h
er
e
mec
is
th
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
p
ee
d
.
A
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
P
ar
k
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
o
th
e
s
tato
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
v
o
ltag
e
E
q
u
ati
o
n
s
of
t
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
ac
h
in
e
s
y
s
te
m
b
ec
o
m
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
134
5
–
1
3
5
8
1348
0
0
s
s
s
s
s
d
d
d
p
q
s
q
s
s
s
q
s
q
p
d
r
r
r
r
d
d
p
q
r
q
r
r
r
q
p
d
d
V
r
i
dt
d
V
r
i
dt
d
ri
dt
d
ri
dt
(
5
)
T
h
e
s
tato
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
eq
u
at
io
n
s
ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
s
s
r
d
s
d
d
s
s
r
q
s
q
q
r
r
s
d
r
d
d
r
r
s
q
r
q
q
L
i
M
i
L
i
M
i
L
i
M
i
L
i
M
i
(
6
)
T
h
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
C
em
is
e
x
p
r
es
s
ed
b
y
s
s
s
s
e
m
d
q
q
d
r
M
C
p
i
i
L
(7
)
3
.
2
.
P
W
M
P
o
w
er
Co
nv
er
t
er
M
o
del
T
h
e
s
tato
r
-
s
id
e
an
d
g
r
id
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
en
s
u
r
e
d
ec
o
u
p
l
in
g
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
an
d
t
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
ies.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
i
n
c
lu
d
es
t
h
r
ee
leg
s
as
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
,
ea
ch
o
n
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
t
w
o
-
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
es
w
it
h
an
tip
ar
allel
co
n
n
ec
ted
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
d
io
d
es.
E
b
ein
g
th
e
DC
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
in
v
er
ter
.
A
P
W
M
b
l
o
c
f
ee
d
s
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
-
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
le
g
ar
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
v
ia
g
a
te
s
i
g
n
a
ls
C
i
(
i
=
1
,
2
,
3
)
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
C
i
i
s
a
b
in
ar
y
f
u
n
ctio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
th
e
s
tate
o
f
th
e
i
th
leg
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
o
n
its
o
w
n
to
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ize
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
an
e
n
tir
e
leg
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
s
w
i
tch
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
le
g
ar
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
in
a
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
tar
y
m
a
n
n
er
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
av
o
id
a
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it o
f
t
h
e
in
p
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
(
U
c
=
E)
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
C
i
co
n
tr
o
lli
n
g
t
h
e
i
th
le
g
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as f
o
llo
w
s
a.
C
i
=1
I
f
th
e
to
p
s
w
itc
h
is
clo
s
e
d
an
d
th
e
b
o
tto
m
s
w
itc
h
is
o
p
en
b.
C
i
=0
I
f
th
e
to
p
s
w
itc
h
is
o
p
en
an
d
th
e
b
o
tto
m
s
w
i
tch
i
s
clo
s
e
d
.
Fo
r
a
b
alan
ce
d
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
lo
ad
,
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
a
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
IG
,
th
e
r
elatio
n
li
n
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
v
ec
to
r
s
V
s
a
,
V
s
b
an
d
V
s
c
to
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l s
ig
n
al
s
C
1
,
C
2
a
n
d
C
3
ar
e
g
i
v
en
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
m
atr
ix
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
1
'
1
2
'
2
3
'
3
2
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
2
s
a
N
s
c
bN
s
N
c
V
VC
U
V
V
C
VC
V
(
8
)
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
cu
r
r
en
t o
u
tp
u
t
i
ch
ca
n
th
e
n
b
e
ca
lcu
la
ted
,
af
ter
L
ap
lace
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
b
y
c
h
c
o
n
c
i
i
C
s
U
(
9
)
W
h
er
e
C
is
t
h
e
b
u
s
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
3.
WI
N
D
T
URB
I
N
E
CO
NT
RO
L
SCH
E
M
E
3.
1
.
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
P
o
w
er
P
o
int
T
ra
c
k
ing
(
M
P
P
T
)
Co
ntr
o
l
Fo
r
ev
er
y
o
p
er
atin
g
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
a
m
ax
i
m
u
m
w
in
d
p
o
w
e
r
ca
n
b
e
tr
ac
k
ed
r
elativ
el
y
to
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
(
C
pmax
)
.
Hen
ce
,
f
o
r
ev
er
y
w
i
n
d
p
r
o
f
ile,
t
h
er
e
is
a
n
o
p
ti
m
u
m
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
S
lid
in
g
Mo
d
e
O
b
s
ervers
-
B
a
s
e
d
F
a
u
lt De
tectio
n
a
n
d
I
s
o
la
tio
n
fo
r
W
in
d
Tu
r
b
in
e
-
Dri
ve
n
I
G
(
Ta
kwa
S
ella
mi
)
1349
en
s
u
r
in
g
a
n
o
p
ti
m
al
tip
s
p
ee
d
r
atio
λ
opt
.
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
P
o
w
er
P
o
in
t
T
r
ac
k
in
g
(
MP
PT
)
tech
n
i
q
u
es
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
w
h
ile
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
a
f
i
x
ed
p
itch
an
g
l
e
β
f
o
r
ex
tr
ac
ti
n
g
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
M
P
PT
s
ch
e
m
e,
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
is
b
ased
o
n
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
v
ia
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
en
s
u
r
e
a
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
p
o
w
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l stru
ct
u
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
s
p
ee
d
MP
PT
m
et
h
o
d
is
b
ased
o
n
f
o
r
cin
g
th
e
tip
r
atio
λ
to
its
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
v
al
u
e
λ
opt
.
T
h
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
s
p
ee
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
is
th
en
ca
lc
u
lated
b
y
r
e
f
opt
m
e
c
V
R
(
1
0
)
T
h
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
C
p
is
t
h
e
n
i
m
p
o
s
ed
to
its
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
v
al
u
e
C
pmax
.
T
h
u
s
,
h
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
e
tic
to
r
q
u
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
w
r
itte
n
b
y
23
m
a
x
1
R
2
r
e
f
opt
em
p
V
R
V
C
C
(
1
1
)
T
o
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
s
p
ee
d
,
L
ap
la
ce
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
is
u
s
ed
.
Neg
lecti
n
g
t
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
t
o
r
q
u
e
C
g
,
th
e
s
p
ee
d
eq
u
atio
n
b
ec
o
m
es
C
()
m
e
c
em
t
J
s
f
(
1
2
)
T
h
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
w
r
itte
n
b
y
)
(
i
p
k
C
s
k
s
(
1
3
)
K
p
is
th
e
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
r
ep
l
y
ti
m
e.
K
i
is
th
e
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
in
te
g
r
al
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
o
v
er
ta
k
in
g
.
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
v
al
u
es
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
s
p
ee
d
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
ar
e
f
i
x
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
d
esire
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
(
d
esir
ed
d
am
p
i
n
g
r
atio
ξ
a
n
d
n
at
u
r
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
0
)
.
A
s
i
m
p
le
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
id
en
tif
y
i
n
g
th
ese
p
ar
a
m
et
er
s
(
ξ a
n
d
0
)
f
o
r
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
[
1
6
]
.
3
.
2
.
I
nd
irec
t
Ro
t
o
r
F
lux
O
rient
ed
Co
ntr
o
l Sche
m
e
I
n
d
ir
ec
t
R
o
to
r
Flu
x
Or
ien
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
I
R
FO
C
)
is
a
w
ell
-
u
s
ed
tec
h
n
iq
u
ef
o
r
I
G
co
n
tr
o
l
b
ec
au
s
e
it
en
s
u
r
es
a
n
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
b
o
t
h
d
ec
o
u
p
led
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
an
d
to
r
q
u
e.
T
h
e
s
c
h
e
m
e
co
n
tr
o
ls
d
an
d
q
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
b
ased
o
n
im
p
o
s
in
g
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
d
-
a
x
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
0
r
r
q
dr
(
14
)
Fo
r
cin
g
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
(
0
r
q
)
,
L
ap
l
ac
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
lead
s
to
me
c
r
e
f
)
(
i
p
k
k
s
+
-
1
()
t
J
s
f
mec
e
m
r
e
f
C
em
C
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
134
5
–
1
3
5
8
1350
()
()
s
r
s
s
q
r
q
s
q
s
r
s
s
d
s
s
s
s
dd
s
s
s
r
s
V
r
i
i
Vr
M
s
L
s
i
L
M
L
i
L
sL
L
(
15
)
Dev
elo
p
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
eq
u
ati
o
n
s
,
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l e
q
u
atio
n
s
ar
e
t
h
en
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
1
r
r
e
m
q
r
rq
r
s
d
s
r
s
s
m
e
c
r
M
M
Cp
i
M
i
L
p
i
(
16
)
T
o
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
a
n
d
th
e
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
,
P
I
co
n
tr
o
lle
r
s
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
I
G
clo
s
e
-
lo
o
p
b
ased
o
n
I
R
FOC
te
ch
n
iq
u
e
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
i
m
p
o
s
ed
f
l
u
x
r
g
en
er
ates
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
d
*
.
T
h
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
i
s
d
g
e
n
er
ates
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
o
ltag
e
V
s
d
*
.
T
h
e
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
i
s
q
g
e
n
er
ates
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
V
s
q
*
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
ac
h
i
ev
ed
b
y
th
e
MP
PT
tech
n
i
q
u
e,
g
e
n
er
ates
a
n
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
C
em
*
.
T
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
f
lu
x
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
P
I
-
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
ar
e
ch
o
s
en
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
i
v
is
io
n
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e,
w
el
l
d
escr
ib
ed
i
n
[
1
7
]
,
an
d
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
d
esire
d
I
G
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
(
d
esire
d
d
am
p
in
g
r
atio
ξ
an
d
n
atu
r
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
0
).
I
t
is
n
o
ted
t
h
at
I
R
FO
C
s
ch
e
m
e
co
n
tr
o
ls
t
h
e
s
tato
r
-
s
id
e
c
o
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
g
e
n
e
r
ates
t
h
r
ee
-
v
o
ltag
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
V
s
abc
*
us
ed
f
o
r
P
u
ls
e
W
id
t
h
-
Mo
d
u
lated
(
P
W
M)
f
ee
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
g
r
id
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
i
s
al
s
o
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
a
P
W
M
s
u
p
p
lie
d
b
y
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
v
o
lta
g
e
s
r
ef
er
en
ce
V
grid
abc
*
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
is
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
1
5
]
.
A
g
r
id
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
(
ac
ti
v
e
-
r
ea
ct
iv
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
tr
o
l
m
e
th
o
d
)
en
s
u
r
e
s
t
h
e
ad
j
u
s
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
D
C
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
g
e
n
er
ate
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
V
grid
abc
*
[
1
8
]
.
4.
I
T
S
C
F
AUL
T
I
M
P
ACT
4
.
1
.
I
G
M
o
del
un
der
I
T
SC f
a
ult
W
in
d
in
g
f
a
u
lts
m
o
d
if
y
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
b
y
c
h
an
g
i
n
g
its
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
A
d
etailed
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
I
T
SC
m
o
d
ellin
g
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
in
s
u
latio
n
f
ail
u
r
e
in
th
e
w
in
d
i
n
g
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
a
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it
f
a
u
lt
g
en
er
ate
s
a
n
i
n
s
u
latio
n
r
esis
t
an
ce
r
f
.
A
cu
r
r
e
n
t
i
f
cir
c
u
lati
n
g
i
n
t
h
e
r
esi
s
ta
n
ce
r
f
,
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
s
e
v
er
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
f
au
lt.
I
T
SC
f
au
lt
i
s
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
in
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
h
ase
s
1
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
N
s
tu
r
n
s
n
u
m
b
er
.
N
s
f
t
u
r
n
s
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
ited
.
s
1
-
p
h
a
s
e
is
t
h
e
n
d
iv
id
ed
i
n
to
a
s
u
b
-
w
i
n
d
in
g
h
ea
lth
y
p
o
r
tio
n
(
as
1
)
an
d
a
s
u
b
-
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
f
au
l
t
y
p
o
r
tio
n
(
bs
1
)
.
T
h
e
f
ac
to
r
k
cc
ca
n
b
e
th
en
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
d
iv
id
in
g
N
s
f
b
y
N
s
(
k
cc
=
N
s
f
/
N
s
)
.
r
s
1b
a
n
d
L
s
1b
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
r
e
s
is
ta
n
ce
a
n
d
s
el
f
-
in
d
u
c
tan
ce
o
f
f
a
u
lt
y
w
i
n
d
in
g
.
M
1a,
2
an
d
M
1a,
3
ap
p
ea
r
as
m
u
tu
al
in
d
u
ctan
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
as
1
an
d
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
th
e
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
s
2
a
n
d
s
3
.
M
1a,
1b
,
M
1b,
2
an
d
M
1b,
3
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
cr
ea
ted
as
m
u
t
u
a
l
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
bs
1
a
n
d
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
as
1
,
s
2
a
n
d
s
3
.
M
sr1
,
M
sr2
ap
p
ea
r
as
m
u
tu
al
i
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
an
d
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
as
1
an
d
bs
1
.
M
s
an
d
M
r
p
r
esen
t
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
t
h
e
s
tato
r
m
u
tu
al
i
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
m
u
t
u
al
i
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
.
T
h
e
n
eu
tr
a
l
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
(
V
NN’
=0
V)
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
o
t
h
er
p
h
ases
(
s
2
a
n
d
s
3
)
r
esis
ta
n
ce
r
s
an
d
s
el
f
-
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
L
s
m
ain
tai
n
ed
n
o
t
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
f
au
l
t.
Fo
r
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
ch
e
m
e,
it
is
al
s
o
n
o
t
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
w
it
h
a
r
o
to
r
p
h
ase
r
esis
tan
ce
r
r
an
d
a
s
el
f
-
in
d
u
ctan
ce
L
r
.
T
o
s
t
u
d
y
th
e
I
T
SC
f
au
lt,
it is
o
b
lig
a
to
r
y
to
d
ev
elo
p
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
eq
u
at
i
o
n
s
in
t
h
e
(
abc
)
-
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
a
m
e
[
1
9
]
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
()
0
(
)
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
r
r
a
b
c
f
a
b
c
f
a
b
c
a
b
c
f
a
b
c
f
a
b
c
f
a
b
c
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
s
s
a
b
c
a
b
c
a
b
c
a
b
c
a
b
c
a
b
c
f
a
b
c
f
dd
V
R
i
L
i
M
i
d
t
d
t
dd
V
R
i
L
i
M
i
d
t
d
t
(
17
)
W
h
er
e
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t v
ec
to
r
s
ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
S
lid
in
g
Mo
d
e
O
b
s
ervers
-
B
a
s
e
d
F
a
u
lt De
tectio
n
a
n
d
I
s
o
la
tio
n
fo
r
W
in
d
Tu
r
b
in
e
-
Dri
ve
n
I
G
(
Ta
kwa
S
ella
mi
)
135
1
0
[]
s
s
s
a
T
s
abcf
bc
V
V
V
V
,
[]
r
r
r
abc
T
r
abc
V
V
V
V
,
[]
s
s
s
a
b
c
f
T
s
abcf
i
i
i
i
i
an
d
[]
r
r
r
abc
T
r
abc
i
i
i
i
1
11
00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(
)
ss
b
s
s
a
b
c
f
s
ss
b
b
f
rr
r
R
r
r
r
r
,
00
00
00
r
rr
abc
r
r
Rr
r
,
2
2
2
22
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
33
22
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
33
22
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
33
22
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
c
o
s
(
)
33
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
sr
abcf
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
W
h
er
e
s
a
b
c
f
R
,
r
abc
R
an
d
sr
a
b
c
f
M
p
r
esen
t
r
esp
ec
t
iv
el
y
th
e
s
ta
to
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
n
e
w
p
ar
am
etr
ic
r
esi
s
tan
ce
a
n
d
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
m
atr
ice
s
.
ss
a
b
c
f
L
an
d
rr
a
b
c
f
L
p
r
esen
t
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
t
h
e
s
tat
o
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
n
e
w
p
ar
a
m
etr
i
c
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
m
atr
ices d
ef
i
n
ed
1
,
2
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
,
3
1
1
1
,
1
1
,
2
1
,
2
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
,
3
1
,
3
1
1
1
,
1
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
1
s
s
s
s
a
b
a
b
b
b
a
b
s
s
s
a
b
b
ss
a
b
c
f
s
s
s
a
b
b
s
s
s
s
b
b
a
b
a
a
b
b
L
l
M
M
M
M
L
l
M
M
M
L
l
M
M
L
M
M
M
L
l
M
L
l
M
M
M
L
l
,
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
abc
r
r
r
r
L
l
M
M
L
M
L
l
M
M
M
L
l
4
.
2
.
I
T
SC
F
a
ult
I
m
pa
ct
o
n
Wind
T
urbi
ne
Sy
s
t
e
m
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
ex
a
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
u
les
w
h
en
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
-
ci
r
cu
it
f
au
l
t
ap
p
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
r
ea
lized
u
s
in
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
/
SIM
U
L
I
NK
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
W
e
h
a
v
e
ap
p
lied
a
s
tead
y
p
r
o
f
ile
f
o
r
w
i
n
d
(
V
=1
0
m
/
s
)
o
v
er
a
p
er
i
o
d
o
f
2
s
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
I
T
SC
f
au
lt
i
m
p
ac
t.
T
h
e
test
ed
s
y
s
te
m
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
a
1
4
m
-
r
ad
iu
s
tu
r
b
in
e.
T
h
e
t
u
r
b
in
e
p
ar
a
m
ete
r
s
ar
e
opt
=
5
an
d
C
pmax
=
0
.
4
4
.
I
t
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
1
1
k
W
IG
r
o
tatin
g
w
i
th
1
4
5
0
tr
/
m
i
n
n
o
m
i
n
al
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
e
test
ed
I
G
is
a
m
ac
h
i
n
e
o
f
4
-
p
o
le
s
,
5
0
Hz
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
an
d
3
8
0
/6
6
0
V
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
I
G
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
is
i
s
0
=
4
A
a
n
d
th
e
I
G
r
ated
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
n
=
1
1
.
3
2
A
.
I
t
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
s
tato
r
tu
r
n
s
n
u
m
b
er
N
s
=
4
8
an
d
r
o
to
r
tu
r
n
s
n
u
m
b
er
N
r
=
3
2
.
T
h
e
s
tato
r
r
esis
tan
ce
r
s
an
d
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
L
s
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
1
.
5
Ω
an
d
0
.
1
4
H
.
T
h
e
r
o
to
r
r
esis
ta
n
ce
r
r
a
n
d
in
d
u
ctan
ce
L
r
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
0
.
7
Ω
an
d
0
.
2
8
H
.
First,
n
o
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
ited
tu
r
n
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
.
T
h
en
,
at
th
e
in
s
tan
t
t
=
1
.
5
s
,
I
T
SC
f
au
lt
is
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
3
0
%
o
f
t
h
e
t
u
r
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
h
ase
(
s
1
)
ar
e
s
h
o
r
t
-
ci
r
cu
i
t
ed
(
k
cc
=
0
.
3
)
.
r
f
w
a
s
f
i
x
ed
to
0
Ω
d
u
e
to
th
e
q
u
ick
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
o
f
th
e
i
n
s
u
latio
n
r
esis
ta
n
ce
r
f
i
n
m
o
s
t
m
ac
h
in
e
m
ater
ials
[
2
0
]
.
F
ig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
s
s
i
g
n
als
o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
ied
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
s
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
s
p
ee
d
me
c
an
d
it
s
r
ef
er
en
ce
mec
*
elab
o
r
ated
b
y
th
e
MP
PT
tech
n
iq
u
e
i
s
p
lo
tted
w
h
ile
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
t
h
e
I
T
SC
f
au
lt
at
t
=
1
.
5
s
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
a)
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
(
r
)
an
d
its
r
ef
er
en
ce
elab
o
r
ated
b
y
th
e
I
R
F
OC
m
e
th
o
d
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
s
tato
r
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
(
i
s
d
,
i
s
q
)
an
d
th
eir
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
(
i
s
d
*
,
i
s
q
*
)
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
el
y
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
c)
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
d
)
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
t
h
at
f
l
u
ct
u
atio
n
s
ap
p
ea
r
in
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
u
tp
u
t
s
o
n
ce
th
e
f
a
u
lt
is
p
r
ese
n
t.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
s
h
o
r
t
-
c
ir
cu
it
f
a
u
lt lea
d
s
to
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t i
n
s
tab
il
it
y
o
f
I
R
FO
C
s
ch
e
m
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
a
n
d
v
o
lta
g
es
co
n
tai
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
ab
o
u
t
s
ta
to
r
f
a
u
lts
.
T
i
m
e
-
d
o
m
ai
n
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es a
n
al
y
s
is
is
a
g
o
o
d
to
o
l f
o
r
ev
alu
ati
n
g
I
T
SC
f
a
u
lt i
m
p
ac
t
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
e)
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
f
)
p
r
esen
t
t
h
e
s
u
p
p
lied
s
tato
r
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e
(
V
s
a
,
V
s
b
a
n
d
V
s
c
)
.
I
t
is
n
o
ticed
t
h
at,
t
h
e
s
tato
r
v
o
lta
g
es
ar
e
b
alan
ce
d
u
n
d
er
h
ea
lt
h
y
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
(
[
0
.
.
.
1
.
5
s
]
in
ter
v
al)
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
o
n
ce
I
T
SC
f
au
lt
ta
k
es
a
p
lace
,
an
u
n
b
ala
n
ce
ap
p
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
m
a
g
n
i
tu
d
e
o
f
th
e
s
tato
r
f
a
u
lt
y
v
o
lta
g
e
V
s
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
es.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
th
e
t
w
o
-
p
h
a
s
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
(
V
s
b
an
d
V
s
c
)
in
cr
ea
s
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
134
5
–
1
3
5
8
1352
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
(
a)
m
ec
h
an
ica
l sp
ee
d
mec
an
d
its
r
ef
er
en
ce
mec
*
,
(
b
)
esti
m
ated
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
r
an
d
its
r
e
f
er
en
ce
r
*
,
(
c)
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
d
an
d
its
r
e
f
er
en
ce
i
s
d
*
,
(
d
)
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
q
an
d
it
s
r
ef
er
en
ce
i
s
q
*
,
(
e)
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
tato
r
v
o
ltag
e
s
V
s
abc
an
d
(
f
)
a
n
d
th
eir
zo
o
m
s
at
t
=
1
.
5
s
o
f
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
I
G
w
it
h
I
T
SC
f
a
u
lt
o
f
3
0
% o
f
s
1
-
p
h
ase
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
p
r
esen
t
t
h
e
s
tato
r
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
c
u
r
r
en
ts
(
i
s
a
,
i
s
b
a
n
d
i
s
c
)
.
I
t
is
n
o
ticed
th
at,
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
i
m
b
ala
n
ce
d
in
f
au
lt
y
m
ac
h
in
e
s
(
[
1
.
5
s
.
.
.
2
s
]
in
ter
v
a
l)
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
a
,
cir
cu
latin
g
i
n
th
e
f
a
u
lt
y
p
h
ase
(
s
1
)
,
r
is
es
s
i
g
n
i
fi
ca
n
tl
y
at
t
=1
.
5
s
.
T
h
e
o
th
er
t
w
o
-
p
h
as
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
(
i
s
b
a
n
d
i
s
c
)
a
ls
o
in
cr
ea
s
e
b
u
t
w
it
h
lo
w
er
m
ag
n
it
u
d
es c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
i
s
a
m
ag
n
i
tu
d
e.
T
h
is
r
esu
lt c
an
b
e
u
s
ed
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
f
au
l
t
y
p
h
a
s
e
in
FDI
s
c
h
e
m
es.
I
t
is
also
n
o
ted
th
at
t
h
e
ai
m
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
es
i
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
f
l
u
ctu
a
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
I
G
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
C
em
p
r
esen
te
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
c)
a
r
e
r
ef
lecte
d
o
n
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
q
u
ali
t
y
d
eli
v
er
ed
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
d
)
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
e)
a
n
d
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
f
)
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
in
s
tab
il
it
y
o
s
ci
llatio
n
s
ap
p
ea
r
in
th
e
s
tato
r
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
i
ch
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
d
ed
u
cted
th
at
t
h
e
f
a
u
l
t
i
m
p
ac
t
af
f
ec
t
s
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
s
tar
tin
g
w
it
h
s
ta
to
r
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
t
h
e
in
j
ec
ted
p
o
w
er
to
th
e
g
r
id
P
is
d
is
tu
r
b
ed
.
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
-6
0
-4
0
-2
0
0
20
40
60
T
i
m
e
(s
)
Vs
a
b
c
(V)
Vs
a
Vs
b
Vs
c
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
T
i
m
e
(s
)
W
m
e
c
a
n
d
W
m
e
c
*
(r
d
/
s
)
W
m
e
c
W
m
e
c
*
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
0
0
.
2
0
.
4
0
.
6
0
.
8
1
1
.
2
1
.
4
T
i
m
e
(s
)
R
o
to
r
fl
u
x
p
h
i
a
n
d
p
h
i
*
(W
b
)
p
h
i
*
phi
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
0
5
10
15
20
25
T
i
m
e
(s
)
is
d
a
n
d
i
s
d
*
(A
)
is
d
*
is
d
0
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
1
5
0
.
0
2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
T
i
m
e
(s
)
W
m
e
c
a
n
d
W
m
e
c
*
(r
d
/
s
)
Sta
r
tin
g
m
o
d
e
I
T
SC
1
1
.
2
1
.
4
1
.
6
1
.
8
2
1
.
2
6
2
1
.
2
6
4
1
.
2
6
6
1
.
2
6
8
1
.
2
7
1
.
2
7
2
1
.
2
7
4
T
i
m
e
(s
)
R
o
to
r
fl
u
x
p
h
i
a
n
d
p
h
i
*
(W
b
)
I
T
SC
1
.
3
1
.
4
1
.
5
1
.
6
1
.
7
3
.
8
4
4
.
2
4
.
4
4
.
6
4
.
8
5
T
i
m
e
(s
)
is
d
a
n
d
i
s
d
*
(A
)
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
2
.
5
T
i
m
e
(s
)
is
q
a
n
d
i
s
q
*
(A
)
is
q
*
is
q
1
.
4
1
.
4
5
1
.
5
1
.
5
5
1
.
6
1
.
6
5
-2
0
-1
5
-1
0
-5
0
5
10
15
20
I
T
SC
I
T
SC
I
T
SC
V
s
a
(
a
)
(
c
)
(
b
)
(
d
)
(
e
)
(
f
)
a
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
S
lid
in
g
Mo
d
e
O
b
s
ervers
-
B
a
s
e
d
F
a
u
lt De
tectio
n
a
n
d
I
s
o
la
tio
n
fo
r
W
in
d
Tu
r
b
in
e
-
Dri
ve
n
I
G
(
Ta
kwa
S
ella
mi
)
1353
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
(
a)
)
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
i
s
abc
,
(
b
)
th
eir
zo
o
m
s
,
(
c)
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
C
em
,
(
d
)
th
e
s
u
p
p
lied
p
o
w
er
P
to
th
e
g
r
id
,
(
e)
s
tato
r
-
s
i
d
e
co
n
v
er
ter
cu
r
r
en
t
i
ch
a
n
d
(
f
)
its
zo
o
m
at
t
=1
.
5
s
o
f
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
I
G
w
it
h
I
T
SC
f
au
lt o
f
3
0
% o
f
s
1
-
p
h
a
s
e
5.
F
AULT
D
E
T
E
C
T
I
O
N
A
ND
I
SO
L
A
T
I
O
N
S
CH
E
M
E
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDI
s
ch
e
m
e
in
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
i
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
f
l
u
ctu
a
tio
n
s
in
th
e
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
as
e
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
w
ill
b
e
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
in
r
es
id
u
als
g
e
n
er
atio
n
b
a
s
ed
o
n
SMO
.
T
h
e
n
t
h
e
r
es
i
d
u
als
a
n
al
y
s
is
w
ill
allo
w
d
etec
tin
g
th
e
I
T
SC
f
a
u
lt
an
d
is
o
late
it
[
2
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
p
r
es
en
ts
th
e
SM
O
-
b
ased
f
au
lt d
etec
tio
n
an
d
i
s
o
latio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
SMO
-
b
ased
f
a
u
lt d
et
ec
tio
n
an
d
is
o
latio
n
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
d
r
iv
e
n
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
clo
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
s
y
s
te
m
Tu
r
b
in
e
IR
F
OC
C
o
n
tr
o
l
P
WM
C
o
n
ve
r
ters
Gea
r
b
o
x
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer
MPP
T
Gri
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l
G
en
era
to
r
P
WM
S
ta
to
r
-
s
id
e
Gri
d
-
s
id
e
D
C
b
u
s
E
Re
si
d
u
a
l
S
l
i
d
i
n
g
M
o
d
e
O
b
serv
e
r
i
s
abc
Ob
si
s
abc
I
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
A
lar
m
Gri
d
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
T
i
m
e
(s
)
C
e
m
(N
.
m
)
C
e
m
0
0
.5
1
1
.5
2
-
1
0
0
-
5
0
0
50
100
150
T
i
m
e
(s
)
i
c
h
(A
)
i
c
h
(
d
)
(
f
)
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
-
7
0
0
0
-
6
0
0
0
-
5
0
0
0
-
4
0
0
0
-
3
0
0
0
-
2
0
0
0
-
1
0
0
0
0
1000
T
i
m
e
(s
)
P
(W
)
P
g
r
i
d
1
.
3
1
.
3
5
1
.
4
1
.
4
5
1
.
5
1
.
5
5
1
.
6
1
.
6
5
1
.
7
-
6
5
-
6
0
-
5
5
-
5
0
-
4
5
0
0
.5
1
1
.5
2
-
2
0
-
1
5
-
1
0
-5
0
5
10
15
20
T
i
m
e
(s
)
is
a
b
c
(A
)
is
b
is
c
is
a
1
.
4
1
.
4
5
1
.
5
1
.
5
5
1
.
6
1
.
6
5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
is
a
b
c
(A)
I
T
SC
Sta
r
tin
g
m
o
d
e
I
T
SC
IT
SC
I
T
SC
Sta
r
tin
g
m
o
d
e
i
s
a
Sta
r
tin
g
m
o
d
e
(
c)
(
e)
(
a
)
(
b
)
Sta
r
tin
g
m
o
d
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
134
5
–
1
3
5
8
1354
5
.
1
.
Sli
din
g
M
o
de
O
bs
er
v
er
s
Dev
elo
p
m
e
nt
T
h
e
aim
o
f
t
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
i
s
to
d
ev
elo
p
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
o
b
s
er
v
er
s
ab
le
to
co
m
p
en
s
ate
s
tato
r
f
au
l
t
i
m
p
ac
ts
.
SMO
r
ec
r
ea
te
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
n
o
t
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
f
au
l
t
th
a
n
k
s
to
L
y
ap
u
n
o
v
th
eo
r
y
[
2
2
]
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
L
y
ap
u
n
o
v
f
u
n
ctio
n
en
s
u
r
e
s
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
c
lo
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
s
tab
ilit
y
.
I
t
f
o
r
ce
s
th
e
s
i
g
n
als
to
f
o
llo
w
th
e
ir
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
d
esp
ite
t
h
e
f
au
lts
p
r
esen
ce
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
f
iv
e
-
o
r
d
er
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
th
e
I
G
ca
n
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
in
th
e
s
ta
to
r
(
α
β
)
-
s
ta
tio
n
ar
y
r
ef
er
en
ce
b
y
[]
X
A
X
B
U
Y
C
X
(
1
8
)
W
h
er
e
th
e
in
p
u
t,
o
u
tp
u
t a
n
d
s
t
ate
v
ec
to
r
s
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
ss
T
V
U
V
,
[]
T
ss
ii
Y
an
d
[]
s
a
T
s
r
r
ii
X
T
h
e
m
atr
ice
s
A
,
B
an
d
C
ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
as f
o
llo
w
s
1
3
2
1
2
3
54
54
0
0
0
0
a
a
a
a
a
a
A
aa
aa
;
0
0
00
00
b
b
B
;
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
C
a
i
(
i
=1
,
.
.
,
8
)
an
d
b
ar
e
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
1
11
()
sr
a
,
2
1
sr
a
M
,
3
1
s
r
r
M
a
,
4
1
r
a
,
5
r
r
s
M
a
,
2
6
sr
gr
PM
a
JL
,
7
g
f
a
J
,
8
g
P
a
J
,
1
s
b
L
,
2
1
sr
sr
M
LL
,
s
s
s
L
r
,
r
r
r
L
r
.
SMO
eq
u
atio
n
s
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
s
g
n
(
)
ˆˆ
[]
i
X
A
X
B
U
S
Y
C
X
(
1
9
)
W
h
er
e
th
e
p
ar
a
m
etr
ic
v
ec
to
r
λ
is
w
r
i
tten
b
y
λ
=
[
λ
1
,
λ
2
,
λ
3
,
λ
4
]
T
w
h
er
e
[
λ
1
]
=
[
λ
1
1
λ
12
]
, [
λ
2
]
=
[
λ
21
λ
22
]
,
[
λ
3
]
=
[
λ
31
λ
32
]
an
d
[
λ
1
]
=
[
λ
41
λ
42
]
.
T
o
esti
m
ate
t
h
e
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
an
d
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
d
y
n
a
m
ics er
r
o
r
s
,
esti
m
ated
er
r
o
r
s
e
i
(
i
=1
.
.
4
)
a
r
e
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
1
2
3
4
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ˆ
ss
ss
rr
rr
e
i
i
e
i
i
e
e
(
2
0
)
S
i
(
i
=1
,
2
)
ca
r
r
y
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
ed
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
.
I
t is d
ef
i
n
ed
b
y
11
21
ˆ
ˆ
ss
ss
S
e
i
i
S
e
i
i
(2
1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.