I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
w
er
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
Sy
s
t
e
m
(
I
J
P
E
DS
)
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
64
~
72
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
p
ed
s
.
v
9
.
i
1
.
pp
64
-
72
64
J
o
ur
na
l ho
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ep
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g
e
:
h
ttp
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r
e.
co
m/jo
u
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ls
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d
ex
.
p
h
p
/
I
JP
E
DS
Direct
To
rque
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ntrol St
ra
tegy
of
PMSM
E
m
plo
y
ing
Ult
ra
Spa
rse Ma
trix Co
nv
erte
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uld
i Y
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endri
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A
hy
a
nu
a
rdi
2
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Asw
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rdi
3
De
p
a
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El
e
c
tri
c
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l
En
g
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e
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g
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iv
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rsitas
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g
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a
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Art
icle
I
nfo
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ST
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ticle
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y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
7
No
v
,
2
0
1
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R
ev
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ed
Dec
2
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A
cc
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ted
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an
7
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2
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1
8
M
a
tri
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c
o
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is
a
g
o
o
d
c
h
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ice
f
o
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P
e
rm
a
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t
M
a
g
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e
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S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
M
o
to
r
(P
M
S
M
)
d
riv
e
s,
b
e
c
a
u
se
it
h
a
s
h
ig
h
p
o
w
e
r
d
e
n
sity
a
n
d
d
o
e
s
n
o
t
r
e
q
u
ire
dc
-
li
n
k
e
n
e
rg
y
sto
ra
g
e
.
th
e
d
isa
d
v
a
n
tag
e
s
o
f
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter
is
u
sin
g
1
8
a
c
ti
v
e
sw
it
c
h
e
s,
so
it
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
e
x
p
e
n
siv
e
a
n
d
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
m
e
th
o
d
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
m
o
re
c
o
m
p
li
c
a
ted
th
a
n
b
a
c
k
to
b
a
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter.
T
o
m
in
i
m
ize
th
is
p
ro
b
lem
,
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
ro
p
o
se
s
v
a
riab
le
sp
e
e
d
d
riv
e
o
f
P
M
S
M
u
sin
g
Ultra
S
p
a
rse
M
a
tri
x
Co
n
v
e
rter
(USM
C)
b
a
se
d
o
n
Dire
c
t
T
o
rq
u
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
(DT
C)
m
e
th
o
d
s.
T
h
is
c
o
n
v
e
rter
u
se
s
o
n
ly
9
a
c
ti
v
e
s
w
it
c
h
e
s,
m
a
k
in
g
it
c
h
e
a
p
e
r
th
a
n
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter.
DT
C
is
d
e
si
g
n
e
d
b
a
se
d
o
n
S
p
a
c
e
V
e
c
to
r
M
o
d
u
lati
o
n
(S
V
M
)
to
re
d
u
c
e
to
rq
u
e
a
n
d
f
lu
x
rip
p
les
d
u
e
to
th
e
h
y
ste
r
e
sis
c
o
n
tro
l
in
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
DT
C.
T
h
e
si
m
u
latio
n
re
su
lt
s
sh
o
w
th
a
t
DT
C
b
a
s
e
d
S
V
M
u
si
n
g
USM
C
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
c
o
n
tro
ls
th
e
ro
to
r
sp
e
e
d
w
it
h
lo
w
to
rq
u
e
a
n
d
f
lu
x
rip
p
les
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
DT
C
P
MSM
Sp
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
SVM
UM
SC
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
8
In
s
t
it
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mu
ld
i Y
u
h
e
n
d
r
i,
Dep
ar
te
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Un
i
v
er
s
ita
s
Neg
er
i P
ad
an
g
,
J
l.
Ham
k
a
A
ir
T
a
w
ar
,
P
ad
an
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
E
m
ail:
m
u
ld
i
y
@
f
t.u
n
p
.
ac
.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
ec
en
t
l
y
,
P
er
m
a
n
en
t
Ma
g
n
et
S
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
Mo
to
r
(
P
MSM
)
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
f
o
r
v
ar
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
e
in
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
b
e
ca
u
s
e
it
h
as
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
s
u
c
h
as
h
i
g
h
p
o
w
er
d
en
s
it
y
w
it
h
co
m
p
ac
t
s
ize,
h
i
g
h
ef
f
icien
c
y
a
n
d
b
etter
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
th
a
n
i
n
d
u
ct
io
n
m
ac
h
in
e
s
[
1
-
7
]
.
Var
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
MSM
t
y
p
icall
y
u
s
i
n
g
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
as
d
r
iv
er
.
Ma
tr
ix
co
n
v
er
ter
h
av
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
m
o
r
e
atte
n
tio
n
f
o
r
v
ar
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
e
o
f
P
MSM
at
la
s
t
d
ec
ad
e,
b
ec
au
s
e
i
t
h
as
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
f
r
ee
o
f
th
e
DC
-
l
in
k
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e,
h
ig
h
p
o
w
er
d
en
s
it
y
,
ad
j
u
s
tab
le
in
p
u
t
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
an
d
ca
n
g
e
n
e
r
ate
s
in
u
a
s
o
id
al
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
o
u
t
p
u
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
[
8
-
1
3
]
.
On
e
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
m
atr
i
x
co
n
v
e
r
ter
is
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
o
r
e
ac
ti
v
e
s
w
itc
h
es
a
n
d
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
b
ec
o
m
e
s
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
l
icate
d
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
i
n
m
atr
ix
f
o
r
m
.
T
o
s
o
lv
e
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
b
lem
,
s
ev
er
al
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
in
d
i
r
ec
t
m
atr
i
x
co
n
v
er
ter
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
[
9
]
.
On
e
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
is
a
Ultr
a
Sp
ar
s
e
Ma
tr
ix
C
o
n
v
er
ter
(
US
MC).
T
h
is
co
n
v
er
ter
u
s
es
o
n
l
y
9
ac
ti
v
e
s
w
itc
h
es,
w
h
ic
h
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
r
ec
ti
f
ier
s
tag
e
w
i
th
3
ac
ti
v
e
s
w
itc
h
es
an
d
th
e
in
v
er
ter
s
ta
g
e
w
it
h
6
ac
tiv
e
s
w
itc
h
es.
T
h
is
m
ak
e
s
UM
SC
co
s
t
les
s
ex
p
en
s
iv
e
th
a
n
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
m
atr
i
x
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
e
USM
C
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
co
n
s
i
s
ti
n
g
o
f
t
w
o
s
tag
e
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
s
m
ak
e
s
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
i
m
p
ler
t
h
an
co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
al
m
atr
i
x
co
n
v
er
ter
b
y
u
s
in
g
Sp
ac
e
Vec
to
r
Mo
d
u
latio
n
(
SVM)
m
eth
o
d
.
I
n
th
is
m
eth
o
d
,
th
e
r
ec
ti
f
ier
s
ta
g
e
is
m
o
d
u
lated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
v
ec
to
r
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
s
tag
e
i
s
m
o
d
u
lated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
.
Du
e
to
ad
v
an
ta
g
eo
u
s
f
ea
t
u
r
es,
t
h
e
USMC i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
as a
d
r
iv
er
o
f
a
P
MSM
.
Var
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
P
M
SM
g
en
er
all
y
u
s
i
n
g
v
ec
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
i.e
.
Field
Or
ien
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
FOC
)
[
4
-
6
]
an
d
D
ir
ec
t
T
o
r
q
u
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
DT
C
)
[
1
4
-
1
6
]
.
D
T
C
h
as
b
ee
n
w
id
el
y
ap
p
lied
f
o
r
v
ar
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
MSM
,
b
ec
au
s
e
it
h
as
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
s
u
ch
as
f
aster
to
r
q
u
e
d
in
a
m
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
s
i
m
p
ler
th
an
FOC
a
n
d
ea
s
y
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
[
1
4
-
1
7
]
.
DT
C
is
o
n
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
elec
tr
ic
m
ac
h
in
e
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
b
ased
o
n
d
ec
o
u
p
led
co
n
tr
o
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Dir
ec
t To
r
q
u
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l S
tr
a
teg
y
o
f P
MS
M E
mp
lo
yin
g
Ultr
a
S
p
a
r
s
e
Ma
tr
ix
C
o
n
ve
r
te
r
(
Mu
ld
i
Yu
h
en
d
r
i
)
65
o
f
to
r
q
u
e
a
n
d
f
l
u
x
.
Var
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
MSM
b
ased
o
n
DT
C
h
as
b
ee
n
ap
p
lied
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
m
atr
i
x
co
n
v
er
ter
in
[
3
,
1
3
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
D
T
C
is
ap
p
lied
b
y
u
s
in
g
USM
C
,
s
o
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
co
s
t
ca
n
b
e
m
i
n
i
m
ized
.
Mo
d
u
latio
n
o
f
m
a
tr
ix
co
n
v
er
ter
i
n
[
3
]
is
d
esig
n
e
d
b
ased
o
n
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
tab
le
s
with
to
r
q
u
e
an
d
f
l
u
x
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
h
y
s
ter
i
s
is
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
.
it
m
a
k
es
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
alg
o
r
it
h
m
b
ec
o
m
es
co
m
p
licated
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
h
ig
h
to
r
q
u
e
an
d
f
lu
x
r
ip
p
l
es.
T
o
m
in
i
m
ize
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
co
m
p
lex
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
,
th
e
DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
u
s
i
n
g
SV
M
m
et
h
o
d
to
r
ep
lace
th
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
tab
le
i
n
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
DT
C
.
T
h
is
m
e
th
o
d
ca
n
also
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
an
d
f
l
u
x
r
ip
p
les [
1
4
]
.
2.
DIRE
CT
T
O
RQ
UE
CO
N
T
RO
L
O
F
P
M
S
M
USI
NG
U
L
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ased
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1
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u
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Dir
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t To
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q
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e
C
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n
tr
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l S
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a
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(
Mu
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69
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ased
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ased
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ased
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ased
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I
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&
Dr
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Dir
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r
q
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C
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n
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l S
tr
a
teg
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f P
MS
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tr
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ve
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r
(
Mu
ld
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Yu
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71
th
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s
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o
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h
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p
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r
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r
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USM
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in
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u
r
e
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in
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icate
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ter
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tp
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4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
p
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p
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ed
v
ar
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
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o
f
P
MSM
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s
in
g
SV
M
-
b
ased
DT
C
b
y
e
m
p
lo
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g
USMC
h
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s
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ee
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d
is
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n
th
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s
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et
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e
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MSM
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p
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d
is
ad
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ted
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eg
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lati
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tr
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a
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etic
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P
I
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o
ller
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h
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ad
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eth
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ased
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P
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p
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h
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s
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s
e
a
s
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ell.
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h
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s
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ased
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to
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p
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DT
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b
ased
s
w
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in
g
tab
le
s
h
a
s
b
ee
n
ac
h
iev
ed
.
USMC
u
s
a
g
e
h
as
also
b
ee
n
ab
le
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
o
w
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q
u
alit
y
o
f
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MSM
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s
b
y
o
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tain
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n
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p
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f
ac
to
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th
e
in
p
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t
s
id
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s
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n
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a
s
o
id
al
in
p
u
t a
n
d
o
u
tp
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t
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
s
.
AP
P
E
NDI
X
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
o
f
P
MSM
ar
e
:
Flu
x
li
n
k
ag
e
o
f
p
er
m
a
n
en
t
m
ag
n
et
ψ
f
=
0
.
1
7
5
W
b
,
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
o
le
p
air
p
=
4
,
s
tato
r
r
esis
tan
ce
R
s
=
0
.
2
Ω
,
d
q
-
ax
is
o
f
s
tato
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in
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u
cta
n
ce
L
d
=
L
q
=
8
.
5
m
H,
m
o
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e
n
o
f
i
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=
0
.
0
8
9
k
g
m
2
,
f
r
ictio
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co
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icie
n
t B
=
0
.
0
0
5
N.
m
.
s
/r
ad
.
P
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
: 2
2
0
Vo
lt 5
0
H
z.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
J.
Ja
n
g
,
M
.
H
u
m
z
a
,
B.
Ki
m
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
a
v
a
riab
le
-
f
lu
x
p
e
r
m
a
n
e
n
t
m
a
g
n
e
t
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
m
o
to
r
f
o
r
a
d
ju
sta
b
le
sp
e
e
d
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
5
2
,
p
p
.
2
9
9
6
-
3
0
0
4
,
J
u
li
2
0
1
6
.
[
2
]
C.
S
a
in
,
A
.
Ba
n
e
rjee
a
n
d
P
.
K.
B
isw
a
s
,
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
stu
d
y
f
o
r
c
lo
se
d
lo
o
p
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
a
n
a
d
ju
sta
b
le
sp
e
e
d
p
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
m
a
g
n
e
t
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
w
it
h
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
rs
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
5
-
1
0
9
9
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
.
[
3
]
N.
F
a
z
li
a
n
d
J.
S
iah
b
a
lae
e
,
“
Dir
e
c
t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
wi
n
d
e
n
e
rg
y
c
o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
sy
ste
m
wit
h
p
e
r
ma
n
e
n
t
ma
g
n
e
t
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
a
n
d
ma
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rte
r
,
”
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
o
f
8
th
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
s
&
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(P
EDS
T
C
2
0
1
7
)
,
p
p
.
1
6
6
-
1
7
1
,
F
e
b
2
0
1
7
.
[
4
]
M
.
Yu
h
e
n
d
ri,
M
.
A
sh
a
ri
a
n
d
M
.
H.
P
u
rn
o
m
o
,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
se
n
so
rles
s
M
P
P
T
f
o
r
w
in
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs
u
sin
g
v
e
r
y
sp
a
rse
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter
b
a
se
d
o
n
h
y
b
rid
in
telig
e
n
t
c
o
n
tr
o
l
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Rev
iew
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
2
3
3
-
2
4
3
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
5
.
[
5
]
M
.
Yu
h
e
n
d
ri
,
M
.
A
sh
a
ri
a
n
d
M
.
H.
P
u
r
n
o
m
o
,
“
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
t
y
p
e
-
2
f
u
z
z
y
slid
in
g
m
o
d
e
c
o
n
tro
l
f
o
r
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
w
in
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
u
sin
g
v
e
r
y
sp
a
r
se
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ren
e
wa
b
le
En
e
rg
y
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
5
,
p
p
.
6
6
8
-
6
7
6
,
A
u
g
u
st 2
0
1
5
.
[
6
]
F
.
Am
in
,
E.
B.
S
u
laim
a
n
,
W
.
M
.
U
to
m
o
,
H.A
.
S
o
o
m
ro
,
M
.
Je
n
a
l,
a
n
d
R.
Ku
m
a
r,
”
M
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
n
d
S
i
m
u
latio
n
o
f
F
ield
Orie
n
ted
Co
n
tr
o
l
b
a
se
d
P
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
M
a
g
n
e
t
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
M
o
to
r
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
,
”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
6
,
p
p
.
3
8
7
-
3
9
5
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
7
.
[
7
]
C.
S
a
in
,
A
.
Ba
n
e
rjee
,
a
n
d
P
.
K.
Bis
w
a
s,
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
S
tu
d
y
f
o
r
Clo
se
d
L
o
o
p
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
a
n
A
d
ju
sta
b
le
S
p
e
e
d
P
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
M
a
g
n
e
t
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
M
o
to
r
Driv
e
w
it
h
Di
f
fe
re
n
t
Co
n
tro
ll
e
rs,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m
(
IJ
PE
DS
),
v
o
l.
7
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
5
-
1
0
9
9
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
.
[
8
]
D.
X
iao
a
n
d
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
“
S
e
n
so
rles
s
d
irec
t
to
rq
u
e
a
n
d
f
lu
x
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
I
P
M
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
m
a
c
h
i
n
e
fe
d
b
y
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter o
v
e
r
a
w
id
e
sp
e
e
d
ra
n
g
e
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
In
d
u
stri
a
l
In
fo
rm
a
t
ics
,
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
1
8
5
5
-
1
8
6
7
,
No
v
2
0
1
3
.
[
9
]
J.W
.
Ko
lar
,
F
.
S
c
h
a
fm
e
ister
,
S
.
D
.
Ro
u
n
d
a
n
d
H.
Ert
l
,
“
No
v
e
l
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
A
C
–
A
C
sp
a
rse
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rters
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ic
s
,
v
o
l.
2
2
,
p
p
.
1
6
4
9
-
1
6
6
1
,
S
e
p
tem
b
e
r
2
0
0
7
.
[
1
0
]
M
.
Yu
h
e
n
d
ri,
M
.
A
sh
a
ri,
a
n
d
M
.
H.
P
u
rn
o
m
o
,
“
L
in
e
a
r
q
u
a
d
r
a
ti
c
re
g
u
la
t
o
r
d
e
sig
n
f
o
r
mo
d
u
l
a
r
ma
trix
c
o
n
v
e
rte
r
u
sin
g
g
e
n
e
ti
c
a
lg
o
rith
m
,”
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
o
f
2
0
1
1
I
EE
E
3
rd
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
a
n
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
s (ICCS
N),
p
p
.
1
7
5
-
1
7
9
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
1
.
[
1
1
]
T
.
S
h
i,
X
.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
S
.
A
n
,
Y.
Ya
n
a
n
d
C.
X
ia
,
“
Ha
rm
o
n
ic
su
p
p
re
ss
io
n
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
stra
teg
y
f
o
r
u
lt
ra
-
sp
a
rse
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter
,
”
IET
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ic
s
,
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
5
8
9
–
5
9
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[
1
2
]
J.
S
c
h
o
n
b
e
rg
e
r,
T
.
F
rie
d
li
,
S
.
D.
Ro
u
n
d
,
a
n
d
J.
W
.
Ko
lar
,
“
Dire
c
t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
in
ter
i
o
r
p
e
r
ma
n
e
n
t
ma
g
n
e
t
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
mo
to
r
wit
h
ma
x
imu
m
to
rq
u
e
p
e
r
a
mp
e
re
,”
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
v
e
rsio
n
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
1
-
8
,
A
p
ril
2
0
0
7
.
[
1
3
]
F
.
S
a
f
a
r
g
h
o
li
,
“
Un
it
y
p
o
w
e
r
f
a
c
t
o
r
a
t
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
su
p
p
ly
sid
e
f
o
r
m
a
tri
x
c
o
n
v
e
rter
f
e
d
P
M
S
M
d
riv
e
s
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
4
,
p
p
.
1
3
8
-
1
4
4
,
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
1
4
.
[
1
4
]
Y.
Ya
n
g
,
R.
Hu
n
a
g
,
Y.
Yu
a
n
d
S
.
W
a
n
g
,
“
Dir
e
c
t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
p
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
ma
g
n
e
t
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
mo
to
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
sp
a
c
e
v
e
c
to
r
mo
d
u
la
ti
o
n
c
o
n
tr
o
l
,”
2
0
1
6
IEE
E
8
th
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
M
o
ti
o
n
Co
n
tro
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(IP
EM
C
-
ECCE
A
sia
)
,
p
p
.
1
8
1
8
-
1
8
2
1
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
&
Dr
i S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
8
:
64
–
72
72
[
1
5
]
Z.
X
i
n
g
h
u
a
,
T
.
Qitai
a
n
d
W
.
T
in
g
,
“
Dire
c
t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
in
te
rio
r
p
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
ma
g
n
e
t
sy
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
mo
t
o
r
wit
h
ma
x
imu
m
to
rq
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e
p
e
r
a
mp
e
re
,”
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
o
f
2
0
1
6
IE
EE
1
1
th
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
In
d
u
str
ial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s (ICIE
A
)
,
p
p
.
1
5
1
9
-
1
5
2
4
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
6
.
[
1
6
]
J.
S
in
g
h
1
,
B.
S
in
g
h
,
S
.
P
.
S
in
g
h
,
“
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Dire
c
t
T
o
rq
u
e
Co
n
tro
l
w
it
h
P
e
r
m
a
n
e
n
t
M
a
g
n
e
t
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
M
o
to
r,
”
B
u
ll
e
ti
n
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
r
ma
ti
c
s
,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
1
6
5
-
1
7
8
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
2
[
1
7
]
L
.
Ya
o
h
u
a
,
L
.
Jin
g
y
u
,
M
.
Jia
n
a
n
d
Y.
Qia
n
g
,
“
A
S
i
m
p
li
f
ied
v
o
lt
a
g
e
v
e
c
to
r
se
lec
ti
o
n
stra
teg
y
f
o
r
d
irec
t
to
r
q
u
e
c
o
n
tro
l
,
”
T
E
L
KOM
NIKA
,
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
5
3
9
-
546
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
1
.
[
1
8
]
C.
X
ia,
S
.
L
i,
Y.
Ya
n
a
n
d
T
.
S
h
i
,
“
Re
se
a
rc
h
o
n
L
in
e
a
r
Ou
tp
u
t
V
o
l
tag
e
T
ra
n
sfe
r
Ra
ti
o
f
o
r
Ultra
S
p
a
rse
M
a
tri
x
Co
n
v
e
rter,
”
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
o
n
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
3
1
,
p
p
.
1
8
1
1
-
1
8
1
5
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
6
.
[
1
9
]
J.
S
c
h
o
n
b
e
rg
e
r,
T
.
F
ried
l
i,
S
.
D.
Ro
u
n
d
,
a
n
d
J.
W
.
Ko
lar
,
“
An
u
lt
ra
sp
a
rs
e
ma
trix
c
o
n
v
e
rte
r
wit
h
a
n
o
v
e
l
a
c
ti
v
e
c
la
mp
c
irc
u
it
,
”
2
0
0
7
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
v
e
rsio
n
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
7
8
4
-
7
9
1
,
A
p
ril
2
0
0
7
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
M
u
ld
i
Yuh
e
n
d
r
i
w
a
s
b
o
rn
in
Ag
a
m
,
W
e
st
S
u
m
a
tera
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
8
1
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsitas
Ne
g
e
ri
P
a
d
a
n
g
(U
NP
),
P
a
d
a
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
2
0
0
5
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
M
.
T
.
a
n
d
Dr.
d
e
g
re
e
s
i
n
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
In
stit
u
t
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
S
e
p
u
lu
h
N
o
p
e
m
b
e
r
(IT
S
)
,
S
u
ra
b
a
y
a
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
2
0
0
9
a
n
d
2
0
1
7
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
He
h
a
s
jo
in
e
d
U
n
iv
e
rsitas
Ne
g
e
ri
P
a
d
a
n
g
a
s
a
lec
tu
re
r
in
th
e
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
sin
c
e
2
0
0
6
.
His
p
rim
a
r
y
re
s
e
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
re
p
o
w
e
r
e
le
c
tro
n
ic
a
n
d
d
r
iv
e
s,
re
n
e
wa
b
le en
e
rg
y
a
n
d
in
telli
g
e
n
t
c
o
n
tro
l
sy
ste
m
Ah
y
a
n
u
a
r
d
i
wa
s
b
o
rn
in
P
a
d
a
n
g
,
W
e
st
S
u
m
a
tera
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
i
n
1
9
5
9
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
b
a
c
h
e
l
o
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsita
s
Ne
g
e
ri
P
a
d
a
n
g
(UN
P
),
P
a
d
a
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
8
3
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
M
T
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
In
stit
u
t
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
(IT
B
)
,
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
9
9
.
He
h
a
s
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
i
s
Dr.
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsitas
Ne
g
e
ri
Yo
g
ja
k
a
rta i
n
2
0
1
6.
P
re
se
n
tl
y
h
e
is w
o
rk
in
g
a
s a
n
As
sista
n
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
t
h
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsitas
Ne
g
e
ri
P
a
d
a
n
g
.
His
p
rim
a
r
y
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
a
re
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
e
rg
y
c
o
n
v
e
rsio
n
sy
ste
m
,
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
m
a
c
h
in
e
s
a
n
d
v
o
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
.
As
w
a
r
d
i
w
a
s
b
o
rn
i
n
A
g
a
m
,
W
e
s
t
S
u
m
a
tera
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
i
n
1
9
5
9
.
H
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
b
a
c
h
e
lo
r
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsitas
Ne
g
e
ri
P
a
d
a
n
g
(UN
P
),
P
a
d
a
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
8
3
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
M
T
d
e
g
re
e
s
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
In
stit
u
t
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
(IT
B
)
,
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
1
9
9
9
a
n
d
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
w
o
rk
in
g
to
w
a
rd
s
th
e
Dr.
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
a
c
u
lt
y
,
Un
iv
e
rsita
s
Ne
g
e
ri
P
a
d
a
n
g
,
P
a
d
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
.
His
p
rim
a
r
y
r
e
se
a
r
c
h
in
tere
sts a
re
p
o
w
e
r
e
lec
tro
n
ic an
d
d
riv
e
s,
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
m
a
c
h
in
e
s
a
n
d
v
o
c
a
ti
o
n
a
l
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.