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Sep
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201
8
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947
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I
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694
I
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P
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&
Dr
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t
,
Vo
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9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
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b
er
2
0
1
8
:
947
–
9
5
6
948
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an
d
d
y
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m
ic
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er
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r
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an
ce
s
.
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b
s
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tl
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m
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ar
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ed
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e
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r
eq
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ir
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m
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ler
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r
ith
m
tech
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iq
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e
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est
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m
ate
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ta
n
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ce
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r
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en
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n
tr
o
l
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s
,
d
q
-
co
o
r
d
in
ate
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
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an
d
s
ep
ar
ate
P
W
M
v
o
ltag
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
as
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
y
th
e
VOC.I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
er
e
is
n
o
ess
en
tial
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
ac
tiv
e
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
.
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
p
ap
er
is
f
o
cu
s
s
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
t
u
d
ies
r
elate
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to
th
e
V
F
-
DP
C
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
P
W
M
ac
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
w
ill
b
e
ev
al
u
ated
u
n
d
er
s
tead
y
s
tate
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
’
s
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
t
u
d
y
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
ev
al
u
ati
n
g
t
h
e
tr
an
s
ie
n
t r
esp
o
n
s
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
o
f
DC
v
o
ltag
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
a
n
d
lo
ad
r
esis
tan
ce
.
2.
M
O
DE
L
L
I
N
G
O
F
T
H
RE
E
-
P
H
ASE
AC
-
DC
CO
NV
E
R
T
E
R
T
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
to
p
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
o
f
a
n
ac
-
d
c
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
n
v
er
ter
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
a
c
s
u
p
p
l
y
a
n
d
f
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c
h
p
h
a
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e
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er
ies
b
r
a
n
ch
o
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d
u
cto
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d
in
ter
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al
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esi
s
t
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R
h
as
b
ee
n
co
n
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ted
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ter
th
e
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o
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r
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o
r
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er
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esen
ts
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h
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ter
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al
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m
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ce
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h
en
,
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e
s
i
x
I
GB
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s
w
h
ich
ar
e
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ar
allel
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r
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ar
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in
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ec
ti
f
y
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t
h
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
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es.
No
w
ad
a
y
a
s
,
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h
e
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
p
o
w
er
d
io
d
e
an
d
th
y
r
i
s
to
r
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ec
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ier
s
f
o
r
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t
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n
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o
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lem
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m
is
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io
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d
d
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ib
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tio
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th
e
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ar
m
o
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ic
s
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
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cu
r
r
en
ts
t
h
e
y
i
n
j
ec
t
in
to
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e
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y
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te
m
.
P
er
h
ap
s
,
th
e
n
o
n
-
s
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u
s
o
id
al
s
h
ap
e
o
f
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
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r
r
e
n
t
d
r
a
w
n
b
y
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
ac
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
(
r
ec
tif
ier
s
)
g
e
n
er
ates
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ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
h
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m
o
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ics
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m
p
o
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t
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ic
h
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e
th
e
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e
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atin
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til
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ip
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ch
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e
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er
ato
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,
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an
s
m
i
s
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tr
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n
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s
.
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r
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i
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s
u
lated
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ate
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ip
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lar
tr
an
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ter
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ate
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h
i
g
h
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
[
7
]
.
I
n
s
tead
,
t
h
is
p
o
w
er
s
w
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tch
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n
b
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ter
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ati
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Har
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Dis
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d
h
ig
h
er
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er
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to
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n
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t
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.
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in
all
y
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e
c
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ito
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n
n
e
cted
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ar
allel
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o
s
m
o
o
th
e
n
t
h
e
o
u
tp
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t o
f
DC
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o
ltag
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Fig
u
r
e
1
.
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h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
P
W
M
r
ec
tif
ier
s
y
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te
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h
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Fl
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o
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s
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ate
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h
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in
p
u
t
o
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i
n
s
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ta
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s
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tiv
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d
r
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ctiv
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er
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as
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ell
as
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h
e
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r
ee
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p
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ase
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h
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t
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ir
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ase
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ter
[
8
]
.
A
n
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ates b
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ated
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(
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o
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d
R
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st
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e
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e
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h
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c
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b
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eg
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lat
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h
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h
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ca
n
b
e
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h
iev
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b
y
u
s
i
n
g
a
P
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co
n
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A
s
i
m
p
le
P
I
co
n
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co
n
s
tr
u
cted
as
s
h
o
w
n
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Fig
u
r
e
5
.
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h
e
P
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tr
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is
f
ed
b
y
th
e
DC
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li
n
k
an
d
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ef
er
en
ce
v
o
ltag
e.
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h
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o
u
tp
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
P
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co
n
tr
o
ller
is
th
e
r
e
f
er
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ti
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e
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ref
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h
w
ill
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m
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e
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s
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s
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to
o
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r
o
r
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P
err
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h
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p
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w
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r
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r
is
o
n
e
o
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h
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ar
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te
r
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m
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e
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s
w
itc
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tate
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
r
te
r
.
Valu
es
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
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tio
n
al
g
ain
,
K
p
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e
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te
g
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g
ai
n
,
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o
s
en
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ased
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n
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ial
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K
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ar
e
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et
to
5
an
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2
5
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
5.
Su
b
s
y
s
te
m
f
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r
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
5
.
RE
SUL
T
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
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ter
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te
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i
s
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i
m
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lated
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th
e
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tlab
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li
n
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e
n
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t
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o
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y
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er
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n
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er
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tate
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n
d
d
y
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iti
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n
s
.
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h
e
o
u
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t
d
c
v
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o
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tain
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ter
th
e
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m
p
le
m
en
ta
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DP
C
m
et
h
o
d
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
th
er
e
i
s
a
n
i
n
cr
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
r
i
s
in
g
ti
m
e
a
n
d
s
ettli
n
g
ti
m
e
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
ea
c
h
es
t
h
e
s
tead
y
s
tate.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
t
o
th
e
tu
n
in
g
o
f
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
w
h
ich
i
n
v
o
lv
e
s
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
v
a
lu
e
o
f
K
p
an
d
K
i
.
T
h
en
,
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
is
r
ep
r
es
en
t
th
e
s
i
m
u
lated
o
f
b
asic
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ig
n
al
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r
o
m
i
n
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u
t
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d
cu
r
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w
a
v
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m
s
p
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“
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asicall
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at
th
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r
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pf
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A
d
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h
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tr
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l
s
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r
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m
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o
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d
ir
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t
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o
l
(
DP
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.
T
h
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o
r
e
Fig
u
r
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8
h
a
s
r
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b
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th
r
ee
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p
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ase
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r
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n
t
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g
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tate
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itio
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b
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VF
-
DP
C
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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P
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Dr
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N:
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u
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ase
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n
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ig
u
r
e
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h
r
ee
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h
ase
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t c
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r
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t b
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n
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r
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t
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en
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m
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n
t
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s
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n
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tin
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t
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o
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ar
m
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ic
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to
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s
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h
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r
e,
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ar
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e
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ar
m
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Fig
u
r
e
9
.
I
t
is
ap
p
ar
en
t
to
s
ee
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
e
s
u
l
t,
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
r
ate
o
f
v
ir
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f
l
u
x
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4
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1
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s
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ig
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er
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h
an
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ates
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m
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w
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e
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g
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en
c
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
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3
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Fig
u
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9
.
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m
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ic
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m
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n
t g
e
n
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ated
b
y
VFDP
C
Hen
ce
,
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
(
a)
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
e
tr
an
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ien
t
r
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o
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e
w
h
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h
a
n
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s
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d
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ac
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u
r
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1
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n
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t c
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n
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ith
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ated
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ated
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er
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n
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r
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th
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1
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s
ar
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allel
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ip
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ased
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u
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s
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s
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ase
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ce
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ize
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m
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s
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an
th
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f
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p
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is
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to
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e
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r
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en
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w
a
v
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s
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h
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in
s
t
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d
y
f
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y
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m
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f
o
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m
a
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ce
f
o
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th
e
v
ar
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in
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D
C
v
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e
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,
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o
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at
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clo
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Me
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t
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ac
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p
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cir
cu
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w
h
ic
h
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ed
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ce
s
t
h
e
o
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er
all
lo
ad
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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694
I
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P
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Dr
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S
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RE
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NC
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[1
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M
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G
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Ko
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e
1
,
2
0
1
7
[5
]
No
r
A
z
iza
h
Yu
so
f
f
,
A
z
z
id
d
in
M
.
Ra
z
a
li
,
Ka
sru
l
A
b
d
u
l
Ka
rim
,
A
u
z
a
n
i
Jid
i
n
,
T
o
le
S
u
ti
k
n
o
,
“
A
Co
n
c
e
p
t
o
f
Virtu
a
l
f
lu
x
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
Th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
A
C
-
D
C
Co
n
v
e
rter
,
“
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
s (IJP
EDS
),
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
7
7
6
-
1
7
8
4
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
7
,
[6
]
A
.
M
.
Ra
z
a
li
,
M
.
A
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
G
l
y
n
G
e
o
rg
e
,
“
A
n
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
tro
l
f
o
r
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
A
C
-
DC
Co
n
v
e
rter,” i
n
I
n
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s S
o
c
iety
A
n
n
u
a
l
M
e
e
ti
n
g
(IA
S
),
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
2
IEE
E
[7
]
A
.
M
.
Ra
z
a
li
,
M
.
A
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
G
ly
n
G
e
o
rg
e
a
n
d
N.
A
.
Ra
h
im
“
An
a
ly
sis
a
n
d
De
sig
n
o
f
Ne
w
S
w
it
c
h
in
g
L
o
o
k
u
p
T
a
b
le
f
o
r
V
irt
u
a
l
F
l
u
x
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
G
rid
-
Co
n
n
e
c
ted
T
h
re
e
-
P
h
a
se
P
W
M
A
C
-
DC
Co
n
v
e
rter,”
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
I
n
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
5
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
1
8
9
-
1
1
9
9
,
2
0
1
5
[8
]
Bo
u
z
id
i
M
a
n
so
u
r
,
Bo
u
a
f
ia
S
a
b
e
r,
Bo
u
z
id
i
A
li
,
Be
n
a
issa
A
b
d
e
lk
a
d
e
r,
Ba
rk
a
t
S
a
id
,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Ba
c
k
ste
p
p
in
g
to
th
e
V
i
rtu
a
l
F
lu
x
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
F
iv
e
-
P
h
a
se
S
h
u
n
t
A
c
ti
v
e
P
o
w
e
r
F
il
ter”
In
te
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
(IJ
P
ED
S
),
v
o
l
.
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
7
3
-
1
9
1
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
4
[9
]
M
.
M
a
li
n
o
w
sk
i,
M
.
P
.
Ka
z
m
i
e
rk
o
w
sk
i,
S
.
Ha
n
se
n
,
F
.
Blaa
b
jerg
a
n
d
G
.
D.
M
a
rq
u
e
s
“
V
irt
u
a
l
-
F
l
u
x
-
Ba
se
d
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
T
h
re
e
-
P
h
a
se
P
W
M
Re
c
ti
f
iers
,
”
in
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
I
n
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l.
3
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
0
1
9
-
1
0
2
7
,
2
0
0
1
[1
0
]
A
.
M
.
Ra
z
a
li
,
M
.
A
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
“
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
T
h
re
e
-
P
h
a
se
P
W
M
Re
c
ti
f
ier
Us
in
g
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l,
”
in
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
El
e
c
tri
c
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
s &
Driv
e
s Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(IE
M
DC),
p
p
.
1
6
0
3
-
1
6
0
8
,
2
0
1
1
I
EE
E
[1
1
]
A
.
M
.
Ra
z
a
li
,
M
.
A
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
“
V
i
rtu
a
l
G
rid
F
lu
x
Orie
n
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l
M
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
F
ro
n
t
-
En
d
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
Bo
o
st
Ty
p
e
V
o
l
tag
e
S
o
u
rc
e
Re
c
ti
f
ier,” i
n
IEE
E
Ca
n
a
d
ian
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(C
CECE
),
2
0
1
2
[1
2
]
F
.
Bu
ss
c
h
o
ts,
R
.
Be
lm
a
n
s
a
n
d
W
.
G
e
y
se
n
,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
F
ie
ld
Orie
n
ted
Co
n
tr
o
l
in
Cra
n
e
D
riv
e
s”
In
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s S
o
c
iety
a
n
n
u
a
l
m
e
e
t
in
g
,
p
p
.
3
4
7
-
3
5
3
,
1
9
9
1
[1
3
]
Y.
Zh
a
n
g
,
Y.
P
e
n
g
,
a
n
d
C.
Qu
,
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
S
tu
d
y
o
f
M
o
d
e
l
P
re
d
ictiv
e
Co
n
tro
l
a
n
d
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l
f
o
r
P
W
M
Re
c
ti
f
ie
rs
W
it
h
A
c
ti
v
e
P
o
w
e
r
Rip
p
le
M
in
im
iza
ti
o
n
”
in
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
v
e
rsio
n
Co
n
g
re
ss
a
n
d
Ex
p
o
siti
o
n
(ECCE
),
2
0
1
5
IEE
E,
p
p
.
3
8
2
3
-
3
8
3
0
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
4
]
G
.
Esc
o
b
a
r,
A
.
M
.
S
tan
k
o
v
ic,
J.
M
.
Ca
rra
sc
o
,
E
.
G
a
lv
a
n
a
n
d
R.
Orte
g
a
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
sis
a
n
d
De
sig
n
o
f
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tr
o
l
(D
P
C)
f
o
r
A
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
Re
c
ti
f
ier
V
ia
Ou
tp
u
t
Re
g
u
latio
n
S
u
b
s
p
a
c
e
s,”
in
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
,
v
o
l.
1
8
,
p
p
.
8
2
3
-
8
3
0
,
2
0
0
3
[1
5
]
B.
S
in
g
h
,
B.
N.
S
i
n
g
h
,
A
.
Ch
a
n
d
ra
,
K.
A
l
-
Ha
d
d
a
d
,
A
.
P
a
n
d
e
y
a
n
d
D.
P
.
Ko
t
h
a
ri
“
A
R
e
v
ie
w
o
f
T
h
re
e
-
P
h
a
se
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
ty
A
C
-
DC
Co
n
v
e
rters
,
”
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
I
n
d
u
stry
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
5
1
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
6
4
1
-
6
5
9
,
2
0
0
4
[1
6
]
T
.
No
g
u
c
h
i,
H.
T
o
m
ik
i,
S
.
Ko
n
d
o
,
a
n
d
I.
T
a
k
a
h
a
sh
i
“
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
P
W
M
C
o
n
v
e
rter
w
it
h
o
u
t
P
o
w
e
r
-
S
o
u
rc
e
V
o
l
tag
e
S
e
n
so
r,
”
in
In
d
u
st
ry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
,
v
o
l.
3
4
,
p
p
.
4
7
3
-
4
7
9
,
1
9
9
8
.
[1
7
]
J.
El
o
y
-
G
a
rc
ia
a
n
d
R.
A
lv
e
s,
“
DSP
-
b
a
se
d
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
V
S
C
w
it
h
V
o
lt
a
g
e
A
n
g
l
e
Esti
m
a
ti
o
n
,
”
i
n
T
ra
n
s
m
issio
n
&
Distrib
u
ti
o
n
Co
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
Ex
p
o
sit
io
n
:
L
a
ti
n
A
m
e
rik
a
,
T
DC
IEE
E/
P
ES
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
Ju
l.
2
0
0
6.
[1
8
]
M
.
Cirri
n
c
io
n
e
,
“
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
V
S
Is
f
o
r
t
h
e
M
in
im
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
Co
m
m
o
n
-
M
o
d
e
Emm
is
sio
n
i
n
Distrib
u
te
d
G
e
n
e
ra
ted
S
y
ste
m
,
”
E
lec
tri
c
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
se
m
.
Re
se
a
rc
h
.
,
v
o
l.
8
1
,
p
p
.
8
3
0
–
8
3
9
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
1
.
[1
9
]
R.
W
u
,
S
.
B.
De
w
a
n
a
n
d
G
.
R.
S
le
m
o
n
“
A
n
a
l
y
sis o
f
a
n
A
C
to
DC Vo
lt
a
g
e
S
o
u
rc
e
Co
n
v
e
rter u
sin
g
P
W
M
w
it
h
P
h
a
se
a
n
d
Am
p
li
tu
d
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l,
”
i
n
In
d
u
str
y
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
S
o
c
iety
A
n
n
u
a
l
M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
1
9
8
9
,
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
Re
c
o
rd
o
f
th
e
1
9
8
9
IEE
E,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
5
6
-
1
1
6
3
,
1
9
8
9
.
[2
0
]
B.
T
.
Oo
i,
J.
C.
S
a
l
m
o
n
,
J.
W
.
Di
x
o
n
,
a
n
d
A
.
B.
Ku
lk
a
rn
i
“
A
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
Co
n
tro
ll
e
d
-
Cu
rre
n
t
P
W
M
Co
n
v
e
rter
w
it
h
L
e
a
d
in
g
P
o
w
e
r
F
a
c
to
r,
”
In
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
,
v
o
l.
IA
-
2
3
,
p
p
.
7
8
-
8
4
,
1
9
8
7
.
[2
1
]
L
.
A
.
S
e
rp
a
,
S
.
P
o
n
n
a
l
u
ri,
P
.
M
.
Ba
rb
o
sa
,
a
n
d
J.
W
.
Ko
lar,
“
A
M
o
d
if
ied
Dire
c
t
P
o
w
e
r
Co
n
tro
l
S
tr
a
teg
y
A
ll
o
w
in
g
th
e
Co
n
n
e
c
ti
o
n
o
f
T
h
re
e
-
P
h
a
se
In
v
e
rters
to
th
e
G
rid
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
L
CL
F
il
ters
,
”
in
I
n
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
,
v
o
l.
4
3
,
p
p
.
1
3
8
8
-
1
4
0
0
,
2
0
0
7
.
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