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2
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ates
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u
r
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2
.
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h
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ig
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a
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4
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W
h
er
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s
th
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r
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r
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ca
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m
ated
as:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
DC
tr
a
ctio
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u
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3
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.
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1
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ab
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2
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p
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AB
60
°
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20
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(
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(
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Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
ese
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ig
u
r
es a
r
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(
a
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E
ig
h
teen
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p
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tifie
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s
f
o
r
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er
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,
(
b
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c
o
n
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tio
n
an
d
p
h
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r
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r
am
o
f
/Z
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−
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,
(
c)
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a
m
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=
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,
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=
(
(
+
°
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)
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∑
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=
(
(
−
120°
+
°
)
)
(
7
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=
∑
,
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=
(
(
−
240°
+
°
)
)
wh
er
e
I
m
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is
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h
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n
ts
,
,
co
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ld
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e
r
ef
er
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e
d
to
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r
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m
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y
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o
f
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s
f
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,
′
,
u
s
in
g
th
e
g
e
n
er
a
l tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
e
q
u
atio
n
as f
o
llo
ws:
′
=
1
(
8
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
12
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
22
88
–
2
298
2288
W
h
er
e
a
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
tu
r
n
r
atio
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
is
p
ar
am
eter
co
u
ld
b
e
s
u
b
s
titu
d
ed
b
y
(
2
)
,
(
3
)
,
o
r
(
6
)
m
ain
ly
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
win
d
in
g
s
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
g
r
id
cu
r
r
e
n
t,
i
g
,
ca
n
b
e
esti
m
ated
b
y
s
u
m
m
in
g
u
p
all
r
ef
er
r
ed
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
′
,
o
n
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
win
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
(
9
)
an
d
(
1
0
)
d
en
o
te
id
ea
lized
p
h
ase
-
a
g
r
id
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r
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e
n
t
ex
p
r
ess
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n
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o
r
1
2
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p
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ls
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d
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
y
s
tem
.
_
12
=
1
′
+
2
′
(
9
)
_
18
=
1
′
+
2
′
+
3
′
(
10
)
T
h
e
d
etails
d
er
iav
atio
n
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
ca
n
ellatio
n
b
as
ed
o
n
p
h
ase
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ted
i
n
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
eo
r
ec
tically
th
e
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics
o
f
a
p
-
p
u
ls
e
r
e
ctif
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
y
s
tem
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lar
ize
d
as:
ℎ
=
±
1
f
o
r
k
=
1
,
2
,
3
,
…
(
1
1
)
wh
er
e
k
r
ep
r
esen
ts
an
i
n
teg
er
.
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ce
,
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
h
ar
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o
n
ics
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n
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ts
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o
r
a
1
2
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o
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ld
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o
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th
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7
6
A.
T
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
h
a
r
m
o
n
is
d
is
to
r
tio
n
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
3
.
6
9
%.
Ho
we
v
er
,
a
d
d
itio
n
al
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
o
n
ten
ts
ar
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
in
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
at
th
e
o
r
d
er
o
f
5
th
,
7
th
,
1
1
th
,
a
n
d
1
3
th
(
as
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
iii.)
.
T
h
is
s
im
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
d
o
es
n
o
t
c
o
m
p
ly
with
t
h
e
t
h
eo
r
ec
tical
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
o
f
ac
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
e
q
u
atio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
f
u
r
th
e
r
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
is
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
ex
am
in
in
g
th
e
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
p
h
ase
-
s
h
if
tin
g
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
win
d
in
g
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
12
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
22
88
–
2
298
2290
Ph
ase
-
a
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
win
d
i
n
g
a
r
e
co
m
p
iled
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
a)
illu
s
tr
ates
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
d
elta
c
o
n
n
ec
te
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
win
d
in
g
,
i
s
1
.
Sin
ce
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
win
d
in
g
is
in
p
h
ase
with
p
r
im
ar
y
win
d
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
a
ty
p
ical
6
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
(
RL
-
lo
a
d
)
s
o
u
r
c
e
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
is
o
b
tain
ed
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
th
is
s
im
u
lated
wav
ef
o
r
m
is
ca
lcu
lated
as
1
1
5
4
.
0
A
with
its
THD
i
is
ca
p
tu
r
ed
at
3
1
.
2
7
%.
T
h
is
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
co
n
tain
s
o
d
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
ex
ce
p
t
tr
i
p
p
len
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
o
r
d
er
s
wh
ich
co
m
p
lies
to
th
e
th
eo
r
ec
tical
6
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tific
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
lo
ca
ted
at
2
5
0
Hz
(5
th
o
r
d
er
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with
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n
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
3
0
%
o
f
its
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
co
m
p
o
n
en
t.
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
win
d
in
g
ac
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
zig
za
g
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
et
with
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20
p
h
ase
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t,
i
s
2
.
T
h
is
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
is
b
ad
ly
d
i
s
to
r
ted
,
wh
ich
co
n
tain
s
o
d
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
co
m
p
o
n
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ts
.
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h
e
m
ea
s
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r
ed
THD
i
is
n
o
ted
at
9
3
.
8
8
%.
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h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
c
u
r
r
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n
t
o
f
i
s2
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co
m
p
u
t
ed
as
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0
4
.
4
A.
L
astl
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Fig
u
r
e
8
(
c)
d
ep
itch
es
an
o
th
er
zig
za
g
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
cu
r
r
en
t w
av
ef
o
r
m
with
th
e
d
is
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l
ac
em
en
t a
n
g
le
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et
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40
,
i
s3
.
T
h
e
r
m
s
cu
r
r
e
n
t a
n
d
THD
i
o
f
i
s3
is
s
im
u
lated
as 1
7
0
3
A
an
d
3
0
.
8
8
%.
I
n
s
u
m
m
ar
y
,
th
o
s
e
ad
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itio
n
al
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
o
n
ten
ts
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t
(
as
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
iii.)
ar
e
r
esu
lted
f
r
o
m
th
e
b
ad
ly
d
is
to
r
ted
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r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
i
n
th
e
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za
g
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an
s
f
o
r
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er
s
.
T
h
e
d
is
p
lace
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en
t
an
g
les,
-
20
an
d
-
40
,
s
elec
ted
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o
r
th
e
p
h
ase
-
s
h
if
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g
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
in
th
is
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a
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er
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ails
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e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
ca
n
ce
llatio
n
t
h
e
o
r
y
[
1
4
]
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
d
)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
ese
f
i
g
u
r
es a
r
e;
(
a
)
Simu
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
m
u
ltip
u
ls
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r
ec
tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
(
b
)
1
2
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
with
/
(0
)
a
n
d
/Y
(
3
0
)
,
(
c
)
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
r
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tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
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n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
with
/
(0
)
,
/Z
(
−
20
)
a
n
d
/Z
(
−
40
)
,
(
d
)
p
o
wer
cir
cu
it
o
f
6
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
DC
tr
a
ctio
n
p
o
w
er su
b
s
ta
tio
n
u
s
in
g
eig
h
teen
-
p
u
ls
e
r
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tifi
er t
r
a
n
s
fo
r
mer sy
s
tem
(
C
h
u
en
Lin
g
To
h
)
2291
i
ii
iii
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
r
ec
tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
(
a)
1
2
-
p
u
ls
e;
(
b
)
18
-
p
u
ls
e.
T
h
e
s
u
b
-
p
l
o
ts
s
h
o
w:
i.
Ph
ase
v
o
ltag
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
,
ii.
L
in
e
c
u
r
r
en
t w
av
ef
o
r
m
s
,
iii.
Har
m
o
n
i
c
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
p
h
ase
-
a
lin
e
c
u
r
r
en
t w
av
ef
o
r
m
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Ph
ase
-
a
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
win
d
in
g
c
u
r
r
en
t w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
o
f
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
y
s
tem
:
(
a)
i
s1
[
/
(0
)
]
,
(
b
)
i
s
2
[
/Z
(
−
20
)
]
,
a
n
d
(
c)
i
s
3
[
/Z
(
−
40
)]
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
ec
tifie
d
DC
v
o
ltag
es
a
n
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
r
ec
tifie
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
p
r
o
v
e
th
at
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
s
y
s
tem
o
f
f
er
s
b
etter
DC
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
q
u
ality
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
1
2
-
p
u
ls
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
FF
T
r
esu
lts
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
(
a)
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
av
e
r
ag
e
DC
v
o
ltag
es
ar
e
co
m
p
u
ted
a
s
7
4
4
.
2
V
a
n
d
7
5
8
.
6
V
f
o
r
1
2
-
p
u
ls
e
an
d
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
s
y
s
tem
s
.
As
co
m
p
ar
e,
th
e
v
o
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e
r
ip
p
les
h
av
e
b
ee
n
f
u
r
t
h
er
r
ed
u
ce
d
f
o
r
2
0
V
with
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
1
8
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifie
r
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y
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.
On
th
e
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d
,
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e
DC
cu
r
r
en
t
s
h
o
ws
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in
c
r
em
en
t
o
f
a
b
o
u
t
7
7
A.
B
esid
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th
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
i
p
p
le
is
also
f
u
r
th
er
m
in
im
ized
f
o
r
ab
o
u
t
1
3
A.
B
o
th
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le
f
ac
to
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s
d
o
n
o
t
ac
h
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e
5
0
%
r
ed
u
ctio
n
m
ain
ly
d
u
e
to
th
is
s
im
u
latio
n
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
t
th
e
in
d
u
ctiv
e
l
o
ad
f
o
r
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
DC
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
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en
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h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
co
n
ten
ts
f
o
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th
e
1
2
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p
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e
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ti
f
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y
s
tem
is
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o
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n
d
at
1
2
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,
2
4
th
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an
d
3
6
th
o
r
d
er
s
f
o
llo
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th
e
th
eo
r
ec
tical
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
.
Un
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o
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n
ately
,
th
e
1
8
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p
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ls
e
s
y
s
tem
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v
o
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g
e
an
d
cu
r
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t
h
ar
m
o
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e
x
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o
r
d
er
o
f
s
ix
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m
u
lt
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.
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h
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itio
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ar
m
o
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ic
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as
h
ig
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h
ted
in
Fig
u
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e
1
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(
b
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ar
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m
ain
ly
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ig
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
12
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
22
88
–
2
298
2292
i
ii
(a
)
(b
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F
ig
u
r
e
9
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Simu
latio
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(
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tifie
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A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
DC
tr
a
ctio
n
p
o
w
er su
b
s
ta
tio
n
u
s
in
g
eig
h
teen
-
p
u
ls
e
r
ec
tifi
er t
r
a
n
s
fo
r
mer sy
s
tem
(
C
h
u
en
Lin
g
To
h
)
2293
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
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NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
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s
ar
e
p
leased
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o
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ess
th
eir
ap
p
r
ec
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n
to
th
e
U
n
iv
er
s
iti
T
en
ag
a
N
asio
n
al
f
o
r
s
p
o
n
s
o
r
in
g
th
e
B
OL
D
R
esear
ch
Gr
an
t
2
0
2
0
(
B
OL
D
2
0
2
0
)
an
d
B
OL
D
R
ef
r
esh
2
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2
5
t
o
c
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n
d
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ct
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.
Pro
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C
o
d
e:
R
J
O1
0
5
1
7
8
4
4
/0
8
5
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
R.
J.
Hill
,
“
El
e
c
tr
ic
ra
il
wa
y
trac
ti
o
n
.
P
a
rt
3
.
Trac
ti
o
n
p
o
we
r
su
p
p
li
e
s,
”
in
Po
we
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
7
5
-
2
8
6
,
De
c
.
1
9
9
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/p
e
:
1
9
9
4
0
6
0
4
.
[
2
]
G
.
A
b
a
d
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
e
le
c
tr
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
e
l
e
c
t
r
ic
d
r
i
v
e
s
f
o
r
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
a
p
p
l
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c
a
t
io
n
s
,
”
J
o
h
n
W
i
l
e
y
&
S
o
n
s
.
L
t
d
.
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
-
3
6
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
R.
D.
Wh
i
te,
“
AC/
DC
ra
il
wa
y
e
lec
tri
fica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
2
0
0
8
IET
Pro
fes
sio
n
a
l
De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t
c
o
u
rs
e
o
n
El
e
c
tric T
ra
c
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
2
5
8
-
3
0
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/i
c
:2
0
0
8
0
5
1
7
.
[4
]
“
IEE
E
Re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
d
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
a
n
d
Re
q
u
irem
e
n
ts
fo
r
Ha
rm
o
n
ic
Co
n
tr
o
l
in
El
e
c
tri
c
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
s,
”
in
IEE
E
S
t
d
519
-
2
0
1
4
(Rev
isio
n
o
f
IE
EE
S
t
d
5
1
9
-
1
9
9
2
)
,
v
o
l
.
,
n
o
.
,
p
p
.
1
-
2
9
,
1
1
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/I
EE
ES
TD
.
2
0
1
4
.
6
8
2
6
4
5
9
.
[5
]
T.
S
h
u
d
a
re
k
,
“
Ha
rm
o
n
ic
m
it
ig
a
ti
o
n
i
n
v
a
ria
b
le
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
ri
v
e
s:
6
-
p
u
lse
d
riv
e
s
wit
h
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
fil
t
e
r
v
s.
1
8
-
p
u
lse
d
riv
e
,
”
M
T
E
C
o
rp
o
ra
ti
o
n
,
p
p
.
1
-
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[6
]
M
.
Ae
b
e
rh
a
rd
,
C
.
Co
u
rto
is
a
n
d
P
.
Lad
o
u
x
,
“
Ra
il
wa
y
trac
ti
o
n
p
o
we
r
su
p
p
l
y
fro
m
t
h
e
sta
te
o
f
th
e
a
rt
to
fu
t
u
re
tren
d
s,
”
S
PE
EDAM
2
0
1
0
,
2
0
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
3
5
0
-
1
3
5
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
S
P
EE
DA
M
.
2
0
1
0
.
5
5
4
2
0
9
3
.
[7
]
“
IEE
E
G
u
id
e
fo
r
th
e
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
S
p
e
c
ifi
c
a
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
Tes
ti
n
g
o
f
P
h
a
se
-
S
h
ift
i
n
g
Tran
sfo
rm
e
rs,
”
in
IEE
E
S
td
C5
7
.
1
3
5
-
2
0
1
1
(Rev
isio
n
o
f
IEE
E
S
t
d
C5
7
.
1
3
5
-
2
0
0
1
)
,
v
o
l.
,
n
o
.
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
0
,
1
9
Au
g
.
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/I
EE
ES
TD
.
2
0
1
1
.
5
9
9
3
4
6
2
.
[8
]
L.
G
a
o
,
X.
Xu
,
Z.
M
a
n
a
n
d
J.
L
e
e
,
“
A
3
6
-
P
u
lse
Dio
d
e
-
Bri
d
g
e
R
e
c
ti
fier
Us
in
g
Du
a
l
P
a
ss
iv
e
Ha
rm
o
n
ic
Re
d
u
c
t
io
n
M
e
th
o
d
s
a
t
DC
Li
n
k
,
”
in
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
s
,
v
o
l.
3
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
2
1
6
-
1
2
2
6
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TP
EL
.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
3
5
5
1
1
.
[9
]
Y.
Li
,
K.
Xu
,
Y.
Li
a
n
,
W.
Ya
n
g
a
n
d
S
.
Ya
n
g
,
“
A n
o
v
e
l
3
6
-
p
u
lse
re
c
ti
fier wit
h
a
lo
w l
o
ss
in
ter
p
h
a
se
c
o
n
v
e
rter at
DC
sid
e
,
”
2
0
1
7
IE
EE
T
ra
n
s
p
o
rt
a
ti
o
n
El
e
c
trif
ica
ti
o
n
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
E
x
p
o
,
Asia
-
P
a
c
if
ic
(I
T
EC
Asia
-
P
a
c
if
ic)
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/I
TE
C
-
AP.
2
0
1
7
.
8
0
8
0
8
7
8
.
[1
0
]
Y.
Zh
a
n
g
,
Z.
Ch
e
n
,
B.
L
i
a
n
d
Y.
He
,
“
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
L
o
w
Ha
rm
o
n
ic
1
8
-
P
u
lse
Re
c
ti
fier
P
o
we
r
S
u
p
p
ly
fo
r
Ra
d
a
r
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
,
”
in
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
6
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
0
-
1
0
8
8
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TIE
.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
3
1
1
8
8
.
[1
1
]
Q.
Li
,
F
.
M
e
n
g
a
n
d
H.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
A
S
e
ries
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
1
8
-
p
u
lse
Re
c
ti
fier
Us
in
g
Iso
late
d
Tra
n
sfo
rm
e
r,
”
2
0
1
9
2
2
n
d
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
trica
l
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
s
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
(ICEM
S
)
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/IC
EM
S
.
2
0
1
9
.
8
9
2
2
3
3
9
.
[1
2
]
E.
S
o
k
o
l
,
V.
Zam
a
ru
iev
,
V.
I
v
a
k
h
n
o
,
Y.
V
o
it
o
v
y
c
h
,
O.
B
u
to
v
a
a
n
d
V.
M
a
k
a
ro
v
,
“
18
-
P
u
lse
Re
c
ti
fier wit
h
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
P
h
a
se
S
h
ift
i
n
g
a
n
d
P
u
lse
Wi
d
t
h
M
o
d
u
latio
n
,
”
2
0
1
8
IEE
E
3
rd
I
n
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
telli
g
e
n
t
En
e
rg
y
a
n
d
Po
we
r S
y
ste
ms
(IE
PS
)
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
2
9
0
-
2
9
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/I
EP
S
.
2
0
1
8
.
8
5
5
9
5
3
0
.
[1
3
]
A.
A
wa
ll
u
d
i
n
a
n
d
C
.
L.
T
o
h
,
,
“
Ha
rm
o
n
ic
M
it
i
g
a
ti
o
n
i
n
Trac
ti
o
n
S
u
p
p
l
y
S
u
b
sta
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
Ca
sc
a
d
e
d
H
-
Brid
g
e
Co
n
v
e
rter,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
7
4
5
-
1
7
5
4
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
j
p
e
d
s.v
9
.
i
4
.
p
p
1
7
4
5
-
1
7
5
4
.
[1
4
]
Bin
W
u
a
n
d
M
.
Na
rima
n
i,
“
Hig
n
-
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
a
n
d
AC d
ri
v
e
s,
”
J
o
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s
,
p
p
.
3
7
-
9
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
5
]
B.
S
in
g
h
,
G
.
Bh
u
v
a
n
e
sw
a
ri
a
n
d
V.
G
a
rg
,
“
A
No
v
e
l
P
o
l
y
g
o
n
Ba
se
d
1
8
-
P
u
lse
AC
–
DC
C
o
n
v
e
rter
fo
r
Ve
c
to
r
Co
n
tr
o
ll
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
M
o
to
r
Dri
v
e
s,
”
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
2
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
4
8
8
-
4
9
7
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
0
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
P
EL
.
2
0
0
6
.
8
8
9
9
0
3
.
[1
6
]
Z.
Ch
e
n
g
a
n
d
B.
W
u
,
“
Du
a
l
1
8
-
p
u
lse
re
c
ti
fier
fo
r
h
i
g
h
-
p
o
we
r
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rters
,
”
3
1
st
A
n
n
u
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
f
IEE
E
In
d
u
stri
a
l
E
lec
tro
n
ics
S
o
c
iety
,
2
0
0
5
.
IECON 2
0
0
5
,
2
0
0
5
,
p
p
.
6
p
p
.
-
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/I
ECON.2
0
0
5
.
1
5
6
8
9
6
0
.
[1
7
]
D.
L.
M
o
n
-
Nz
o
n
g
o
,
P
.
G
.
Ip
o
u
m
-
Ng
o
m
e
,
T.
Jin
a
n
d
J.
S
o
n
g
-
M
a
n
g
u
e
ll
e
,
“
A
n
Im
p
r
o
v
e
d
T
o
p
o
lo
g
y
fo
r
M
u
lt
i
p
u
lse
AC/
DC
Co
n
v
e
rters
Wi
th
i
n
HV
DC
a
n
d
VFD
S
y
ste
m
s:
O
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
in
De
g
ra
d
e
d
M
o
d
e
s,
”
i
n
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l
.
6
5
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
3
6
4
6
-
3
6
5
6
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
IE
.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
6
2
6
4
6
.
[1
8
]
F
.
Ch
e
n
g
,
L.
Ya
o
,
K.
Ji,
C.
Di
n
g
,
Q.
Wan
g
a
n
d
J.
De
n
g
,
“
En
h
a
n
c
e
d
Dio
d
e
-
re
c
ti
fier
HV
DC
fo
r
Offs
h
o
re
Wi
n
d
P
o
we
r
Tran
sm
issio
n
,
”
2
0
1
9
4
t
h
IEE
E
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
t
h
e
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
Gr
id
(e
GRID)
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/eG
RID4
8
4
0
2
.
2
0
1
9
.
9
0
9
2
6
5
7
.
[1
9
]
Y.
Vo
it
o
v
y
c
h
,
V.
M
a
k
a
ro
v
a
n
d
I.
P
ich
k
a
l
o
v
,
“
18
-
p
u
lse
R
e
c
ti
fier
with
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
P
h
a
se
S
h
ift
i
n
g
wit
h
Au
to
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
in
In
v
e
rter an
d
Re
c
ti
fier M
o
d
e
,
”
2
0
1
8
IEE
E
6
t
h
W
o
r
k
sh
o
p
o
n
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s in
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
,
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
a
n
d
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(AI
EE
E)
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/A
IEE
E.
2
0
1
8
.
8
5
9
2
4
4
6
.
[2
0
]
Y.
Zh
a
n
g
e
t
a
l.
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
P
re
d
ictio
n
o
f
th
e
Re
li
a
b
il
it
y
A
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
a
n
1
8
-
P
u
lse
Re
c
ti
fier
P
o
we
r
S
u
p
p
l
y
f
o
r
Airc
ra
ft
Ba
se
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
”
in
I
EE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
8
,
p
p
.
4
7
0
6
3
-
4
7
0
7
1
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ACCE
S
S
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
7
7
1
9
7
.
[2
1
]
S
.
Li
,
D.
Wan
g
,
C.
Li
a
n
d
Y.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
T
h
e
S
tea
d
y
S
tate
Li
m
it
s
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
1
8
-
p
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