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Vo
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9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
201
8
,
p
p
.
1
3
9
7
~
14
05
I
SS
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-
8
694
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: 1
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.
1
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1397
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[
1
-
3
]
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f
f
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[
4
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[
8
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.
I
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[
13
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an
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[
14
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,
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I
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8
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694
I
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t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
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S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
3
9
7
–
14
05
1398
lin
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v
o
lt
ag
e
(
P
–
V
)
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
–
v
o
ltag
e
(
I
–
V
)
cu
r
v
es
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
b
y
p
ass
i
n
g
d
io
d
es
in
t
h
e
P
V
ar
r
ay
to
a
s
in
g
le
p
ea
k
.
H
o
w
e
v
er
,
th
is
m
et
h
o
d
is
n
o
t
p
r
ec
is
e
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
v
alu
e
s
o
f
ea
ch
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
ar
e
e
s
ti
m
ated
b
y
a
n
eq
u
atio
n
a
n
d
n
o
t
b
y
a
n
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
m
eter
,
w
h
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
h
i
g
h
ch
a
n
ce
o
f
o
b
tain
in
g
ac
c
u
r
ate
r
ea
d
in
g
s
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
i
m
p
le
m
en
tin
g
t
h
i
s
m
et
h
o
d
en
tai
ls
a
h
i
g
h
co
s
t
b
ec
au
s
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
ea
ch
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
[
17
]
.
B
ab
u
T
.
S.
et
a
l.
im
p
le
m
en
ted
p
ar
ticle
s
w
ar
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
P
SO)
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
m
atr
i
x
o
f
P
V
A
R
w
i
t
h
an
ar
r
a
y
s
ize
o
f
9
×
9
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
P
SO
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
ir
r
ad
i
an
ce
eq
u
al
izatio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
u
tili
ze
s
an
e
q
u
atio
n
to
esti
m
ate
t
h
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
v
al
u
es
.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
th
is
w
o
r
k
u
s
ed
th
e
P
SO
al
g
o
r
ith
m
a
s
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
i
za
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
,
th
e
P
VA
R
d
o
es n
o
t
y
ield
th
e
o
p
tim
al
e
n
er
g
y
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
ar
r
a
y
a
f
ter
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
i
s
s
t
ill
f
i
x
ed
at
9
×
9
,
an
d
th
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
v
alu
es
ar
e
n
o
t
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
ea
l
v
alu
es
[
18
]
.
R
am
ap
r
ab
h
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
P
SO
alg
o
r
ith
m
th
a
t
is
also
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
ed
in
P
VAR
an
d
w
h
o
s
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
p
o
w
er
m
a
x
i
m
izatio
n
.
T
h
e
v
ar
iab
le
o
f
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
i
s
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
v
a
lu
e
o
f
th
e
P
V
ar
r
ay
.
Nev
er
t
h
eles
s
,
t
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
P
SO
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
i
s
n
o
t
c
o
n
s
ta
n
t,
an
d
it
do
es
n
o
t
o
p
ti
m
all
y
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
[
19
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
s
o
m
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
in
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
b
y
u
t
iliz
i
n
g
d
i
f
f
er
en
tial
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
(
DE
)
alg
o
r
it
h
m
in
P
V
AR
.
T
h
e
P
VA
R
w
o
r
k
s
b
y
ch
a
n
g
in
g
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
r
eg
ar
d
less
of
its
p
h
y
s
ical
p
o
s
itio
n
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
cti
o
n
o
f
DE
in
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
is
s
i
m
il
ar
in
[
19
]
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
ch
a
n
g
in
g
th
e
s
w
i
tch
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
les.
On
l
y
o
n
e
o
f
ea
c
h
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
lta
g
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
is
n
ee
d
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
o
f
ea
c
h
p
o
p
u
latio
n
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
DE
-
b
ased
P
VAR
i
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
P
SO
to
an
al
y
z
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
b
o
t
h
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
B
o
th
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
ar
e
t
ested
o
n
a
3
×
3
P
V
ar
r
ay
u
n
d
er
9
s
h
ad
i
n
g
p
atter
n
s
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
/Si
m
u
lin
k
®
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
2.
B
ASI
C
P
RINC
I
P
L
E
T
h
is
w
o
r
k
u
s
e
s
M
A
T
L
A
B
/Si
m
u
lin
k
®
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
DE
-
b
ased
P
VAR.
T
o
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
P
VA
R
,
a
s
u
i
tab
le
m
o
d
el
o
f
P
V
ce
ll
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
T
h
en
,
th
e
P
V
ce
lls
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
an
d
a
n
ar
r
a
y
.
No
r
m
a
ll
y
,
3
6
P
V
ce
ll
s
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
s
er
ies
to
f
o
r
m
a
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
a
s
i
n
g
le
-
d
io
d
e
P
V
m
o
d
el
i
s
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
el
th
e
s
i
m
p
le
y
et
ac
c
u
r
ate
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics
o
f
P
V
ce
lls
.
T
h
e
s
in
g
le
-
d
io
d
e
m
o
d
el
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
ex
ce
llen
t
q
u
alitat
iv
e
p
r
ed
ict
io
n
o
f
P
S
an
d
m
i
s
m
atc
h
e
f
f
ec
ts
[
9
,
2
0
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
eq
u
i
v
ale
n
t c
ir
cu
it o
f
th
e
s
i
n
g
le
-
d
io
d
e
P
V
m
o
d
el.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
P
V
ce
ll e
q
u
iv
alen
t c
i
r
cu
it
sh
S
PV
PV
T
PV
s
PV
o
PH
PV
R
R
I
V
aV
I
R
V
I
I
I
)
(
1
exp
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
I
PH
: li
g
h
t
-
g
e
n
er
ated
cu
r
r
en
t,
I
PV
: c
u
r
r
en
t g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
in
c
id
en
t li
g
h
t,
I
0
:
r
ev
er
s
e
s
atu
r
atio
n
cu
r
r
en
t,
R
s
: ser
ies
r
esis
ta
n
ce
,
R
sh
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ar
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r
esis
tan
ce
,
a
:
d
io
d
e
id
ea
lity
co
n
s
ta
n
t,
V
:
th
er
m
al
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
w
it
h
N
S
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t J
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t
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1399
c
ells
co
n
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ec
ted
in
t
h
e
s
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s
(
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s
kT
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o
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d
s
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t
h
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s
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cu
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t
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u
r
r
en
t
i
n
t
h
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
itio
n
I
SC
,
STC
,
t
h
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
G
,
an
d
t
h
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
o
f
t
h
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
itio
n
G
ST
C
,
as st
ated
i
n
(
2
)
sh
s
sh
S
T
C
i
S
T
C
SC
PH
R
R
R
G
G
T
K
I
I
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(
,
(
2
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K
i
is
t
h
e
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
co
ef
f
ici
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
∆T=
T
−
T
STC
,
w
h
er
e
T
is
t
h
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
th
e
PV
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
t
h
at
ha
v
e
b
ee
n
s
et
f
o
r
s
tan
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
itio
n
(
ST
C
)
ar
e
T
STC
=
2
5
°C
a
n
d
G
STC
=
1
,
000
W
/
m
2
.
As
i
n
d
icate
d
b
y
E
q
u
at
io
n
(
2
)
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
P
V
is
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
l
e
to
th
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
lev
el.
I
n
t
h
e
ca
s
e
o
f
P
SC
,
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
o
n
th
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
lev
els
is
s
et
co
n
s
ta
n
t
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
ST
C
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
o
f
th
e
P
V
ce
ll
f
o
r
th
is
p
ap
er
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
Natio
n
al
R
e
n
e
w
ab
le
E
n
er
g
y
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
is
w
o
r
k
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
9
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
(
A
P
I
1
5
6
P
-
2
3
0
)
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
ed
b
y
A
d
v
an
ce
So
l
ar
Hy
d
r
o
W
in
d
P
o
w
er
.
P
SC
ca
n
ca
u
s
e
th
e
h
o
ts
p
o
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le,
th
er
eb
y
ca
u
s
in
g
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
to
o
v
er
h
ea
t
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
d
a
m
a
g
e
d
en
tire
l
y
.
A
d
d
in
g
a
b
y
p
ass
d
io
d
e
in
th
e
an
ti
-
p
ar
allel
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
w
it
h
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
P
V1
is
th
e
m
o
d
u
l
e
th
at
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
s
P
S
C
.
Hen
c
e,
th
e
b
y
p
as
s
d
io
d
e
cr
ea
te
s
a
n
e
w
p
ath
f
o
r
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
s
h
ad
e
d
P
V
m
o
d
u
les to
f
lo
w
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
s
tr
i
n
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
w
it
h
b
y
p
ass
d
io
d
e
3.
DE
V
E
L
O
P
M
E
NT
O
F
T
H
E
P
V
ARRA
Y
RE
CO
NF
I
G
UR
AT
I
O
N
(
P
VAR
)
T
o
b
u
ild
a
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
P
VA
R
cir
cu
it,
t
h
e
b
asic
to
p
o
lo
g
y
o
f
th
e
cir
c
u
it
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
s
tatic
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
Mo
s
t
r
esear
ch
er
s
p
r
o
v
ed
th
at
t
h
e
T
C
T
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
is
th
e
b
est
s
tat
ic
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
tio
n
u
n
d
er
P
SC
w
it
h
less
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
[
2
1
,
2
2
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
th
e
P
V
AR
co
n
n
ec
t
io
n
i
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
ased
o
n
a
T
C
T
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
.
E
ac
h
s
er
ie
s
o
f
co
n
n
ec
ted
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
is
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
w
it
h
a
cr
o
s
s
–
tie
(
C
T
)
ac
r
o
s
s
ea
ch
j
u
n
ctio
n
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
w
ir
i
n
g
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
P
V
AR
t
h
at
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
s
a
s
w
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h
in
g
m
atr
i
x
th
at
i
s
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n
tr
o
lled
b
y
a
d
i
g
ital
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
it.
T
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
in
th
e
P
V
AR
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
P
V1
to
P
V9
.
T
h
e
g
r
ee
n
li
n
es
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
i
t
to
ea
ch
s
e
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
m
atr
i
x
.
T
h
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
also
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
.
He
n
ce
,
t
h
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
ca
n
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
o
f
th
e
P
VA
R
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
m
atr
ix
r
ea
r
r
an
g
ed
th
e
elec
tr
ical
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
r
ee
r
o
w
s
i
n
th
e
P
V
AR
to
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
n
e
w
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
in
t
h
e
P
V
A
R
s
w
i
tch
ed
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
to
th
e
f
ir
s
t
r
o
w
w
h
en
t
h
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
it
s
et
t
h
e
co
m
m
an
d
“
1
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to
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
m
atr
i
x
,
t
h
en
to
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
r
o
w
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
co
m
m
a
n
d
is
s
et
to
“
2
,
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an
d
t
h
en
to
t
h
e
th
ir
d
r
o
w
w
h
en
t
h
e
co
m
m
a
n
d
is
s
et
to
“
3
.
”
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ate
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
m
atr
i
x
o
f
P
VAR
ch
an
g
ed
th
e
elec
tr
ical
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les.
P
V7
an
d
P
V
9
ar
e
s
h
ad
ed
.
T
h
e
in
itia
l
p
h
y
s
ical
p
o
s
itio
n
s
an
d
elec
tr
ical
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
P
V7
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
3
9
7
–
14
05
1400
an
d
P
V9
ar
e
in
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
ir
d
r
o
w
s
,
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
Af
ter
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
it
s
e
t
t
h
e
co
m
m
a
n
d
to
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h
e
s
w
itc
h
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g
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atr
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ased
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n
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h
e
m
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x
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m
u
m
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tp
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t
p
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h
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ical
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n
n
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n
s
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et
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n
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V7
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d
P
V9
ar
e
ch
an
g
ed
to
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h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
an
d
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ir
s
t r
o
w
s
,
r
esp
ec
ti
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el
y
,
w
it
h
o
u
t a
lter
in
g
th
eir
p
h
y
s
ical
p
o
s
itio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
W
ir
in
g
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
P
VAR
cir
cu
i
t
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
VA
R
cir
cu
it b
ef
o
r
e
an
d
af
ter
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
4.
DIFF
E
R
E
N
T
I
A
L
E
VO
L
U
T
I
O
N
B
ASE
D
P
VAR
So
lv
i
n
g
f
o
r
th
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
m
at
r
ix
o
f
th
e
P
V
ar
r
ay
is
co
m
p
lic
ated
u
n
d
er
ce
r
tain
s
h
ad
i
n
g
p
at
ter
n
s
,
an
d
s
ev
er
al
iter
atio
n
s
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
to
o
b
tain
th
e
r
esu
lt.
T
o
s
o
lv
e
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
a
n
d
to
r
ea
ch
th
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
th
e
P
V
ar
r
a
y
,
th
e
DE
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
s
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
e
th
e
s
w
itch
in
g
m
atr
i
x
.
DE
w
as
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
[
2
3
]
an
d
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
w
e
r
f
u
l
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
o
p
ti
m
iz
atio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
DE
is
a
s
i
m
p
le
al
g
o
r
ith
m
t
h
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
f
e
w
co
n
tr
o
l
p
ar
a
m
ete
r
s
,
an
d
i
t
w
o
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k
s
b
y
cr
ea
ti
n
g
a
n
e
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ca
n
d
id
ate
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o
lu
tio
n
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n
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er
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d
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er
en
t
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atio
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h
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i
f
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er
e
n
t
tech
n
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es
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o
r
a
p
r
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at
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ir
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ai
n
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n
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g
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e
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ize
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f
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
n
e
w
ca
n
d
id
ate
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d
th
e
e
x
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ti
n
g
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
th
e
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est
f
it
n
es
s
f
o
r
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
cti
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
.
T
h
e
ch
o
s
en
s
o
l
u
ti
o
n
s
ta
y
s
in
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
u
n
ti
l th
e
n
ex
t p
r
ef
er
r
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
ta
k
es p
lace
.
T
h
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
ai
m
s
to
o
p
ti
m
i
ze
a
p
r
o
b
lem
o
r
an
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
X.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
DE
alg
o
r
it
h
m
i
s
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
o
f
P
V
AR
.
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
P
i
n
DE
h
a
s
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
th
at
ar
e
NP
r
ea
l
-
v
a
lu
ed
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ar
a
m
eter
v
ec
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
s
o
l
u
tio
n
ca
n
d
id
ate
is
f
o
r
m
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
in
d
iv
id
u
als o
f
th
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
an
d
ca
n
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
as (
3
)
ma
x
,
..
.
,
2
,
1
,
,
..
.
,
2
,
1
,
G
G
NP
i
X
P
G
i
G
(
3
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Differ
en
tia
l E
vo
lu
tio
n
B
a
s
ed
S
o
la
r
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h
o
to
v
o
lta
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r
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fig
u
r
a
tio
n
…
(
M.
A
.
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.
A
.
Ta
z
a
lly
)
1401
T
h
e
DE
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
ize
i
s
s
e
t
at
10
,
an
d
each
i
n
d
i
v
id
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al
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n
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h
e
p
o
p
u
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n
h
a
s
its
o
w
n
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i
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en
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io
n
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ize,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
s
et
to
9
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
P
V
A
R
cir
c
u
it
h
as
9
P
V
m
o
d
u
les.
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
w
o
r
k
s
a
s
an
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
th
at
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
t
h
e
p
o
ten
t
ial
ca
n
d
id
ate
i
n
s
o
lv
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
iz
atio
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
.
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r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
g
en
er
at
io
n
G
i
s
s
et
at
2
5
,
w
h
er
ei
n
10
i
n
d
iv
id
u
als i
n
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
w
ill
iter
at
e
2
5
ti
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es.
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m
e
n
tio
n
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i
n
th
e
p
r
ev
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u
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tio
n
,
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
in
t
h
e
PVAR
cir
cu
it
n
ee
d
s
to
s
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e
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m
m
a
n
d
s
“
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2
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d
“
3
.
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T
h
er
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o
r
e,
th
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
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et
i
n
t
h
is
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o
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k
ar
e
1
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o
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th
e
lo
w
er
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o
u
n
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ar
y
a
n
d
3
f
o
r
th
e
u
p
p
er
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
b
ased
o
n
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
.
D
R
H
L
H
X
L
,
:
(
4
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Giv
e
n
t
h
at
DE
is
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
a
s
ed
alg
o
r
it
h
m
,
th
e
i
n
it
ia
li
za
tio
n
o
f
th
e
p
o
p
u
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n
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
d
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r
in
g
o
p
tim
izatio
n
.
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h
e
in
it
ial
p
o
p
u
latio
n
P
0
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
g
e
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er
ati
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th
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is
r
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d
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m
l
y
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ated
ac
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r
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to
E
q
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atio
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L
j
L
j
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j
j
i
x
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x
r
a
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x
P
,
,
,
0
,
0
)
)
.(
1
,
0
(
(
5
)
T
h
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
o
f
r
an
d
(
0
,
1
)
g
en
er
ates
a
r
an
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
r
an
g
e
0
–
1
,
w
h
er
e
0
,
j
i
x
is
th
e
v
ec
to
r
o
f
th
e
in
i
tial
g
e
n
er
atio
n
,
i
-
th
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
p
o
p
u
latio
n
,
an
d
j
-
th
co
n
tr
o
l
v
ar
iab
les
o
r
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
th
at
is
g
en
er
ated
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
t o
f
u
p
p
er
li
m
it
U
j
x
,
an
d
lo
w
er
li
m
it
L
j
x
,
.
Mu
tatio
n
is
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
a
n
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
-
b
a
s
e
d
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
m
u
tatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
.
Mu
tan
t
v
ec
to
r
G
i
V
is
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
f
o
r
m
a
n
e
w
ca
n
d
id
ate
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
ex
is
ti
n
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
ca
n
d
id
ate,
w
h
ich
i
s
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
tar
g
et
v
ec
to
r
G
i
X
.
Fiv
e
m
u
ta
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
DE
to
g
en
er
ate
G
i
V
in
ea
ch
g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
H
o
w
e
v
er
,
o
n
l
y
o
n
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
s
tr
ate
g
y
is
u
tili
ze
d
in
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
,
w
h
ic
h
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
E
q
u
a
tio
n
(
6
)
,
an
d
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
tial c
o
n
s
ta
n
t is
s
et
as
F
=
0
.
9
.
DE
/ r
an
d
/ 1
)
.(
3
2
1
G
r
G
r
G
r
G
i
x
x
F
x
V
(
6
)
C
r
o
s
s
o
v
er
o
p
er
atio
n
i
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
to
s
h
u
f
f
le
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
i
n
t
h
e
m
u
tan
t
an
d
tar
g
e
t
v
ec
to
r
s
,
t
h
er
eb
y
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
a
ch
o
s
e
n
v
ec
to
r
t
h
a
t
is
k
n
o
w
n
as
tr
ial
v
ec
to
r
G
i
U
.
T
h
e
s
ch
e
m
e
o
f
th
e
cr
o
s
s
o
v
er
r
at
e
C
R
is
s
et
a
s
0
.
5
in
th
is
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
tr
ial
a
n
d
tar
g
e
t
v
ec
t
o
r
s
g
o
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
ch
o
o
s
i
n
g
th
e
v
ec
to
r
th
at
w
ill
s
u
r
v
i
v
e
i
n
th
e
n
e
x
t
iter
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
elec
ti
o
n
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
P
VAR.
Af
ter
th
e
iter
atio
n
o
f
th
e
g
e
n
er
atio
n
is
co
m
p
leted
,
th
e
b
es
t
co
m
b
i
n
ati
o
n
ca
s
e
s
will
b
e
s
e
lecte
d
as
t
h
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
w
h
o
le
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
DE
-
b
a
s
ed
P
VA
R
i
s
ex
p
lai
n
e
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
I
llu
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
DE
m
u
tan
t v
ec
to
r
(
DE
/r
an
d
/1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
3
9
7
–
14
05
1402
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t o
f
t
h
e
DE
o
p
tim
iza
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
5.
P
E
RF
O
RM
ANCE O
F
DE
A
ND
P
SO
B
ASE
D
P
VAR
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
DE
-
b
ased
P
VAR
i
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
th
e
P
SO
alg
o
r
it
h
m
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
t
h
eir
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e.
Si
m
i
lar
to
DE
,
P
SO
is
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
T
h
u
s
,
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
b
o
t
h
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
ir
f
it
n
es
s
a
n
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
i
n
o
p
ti
m
izi
n
g
P
V
A
R
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
u
n
d
er
P
SC
i
s
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le.
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
,
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
,
a
n
d
g
e
n
er
atio
n
f
o
r
b
o
th
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
s
et
s
i
m
ilar
l
y
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
o
f
DE
-
an
d
P
SO
-
b
ased
P
VAR ar
e
test
ed
o
n
n
in
e
s
h
ad
i
n
g
p
atter
n
s
to
s
i
m
u
late
t
h
e
r
ea
l P
SC
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
in
t
h
e
P
VAR
ar
e
s
et
w
i
th
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
v
alu
e
s
o
f
3
0
0
,
5
0
0
,
7
0
0
,
an
d
1
,
0
0
0
W
/m
2
.
T
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
s
o
f
th
e
f
u
ll
y
ir
r
ad
iated
p
atter
n
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ar
e
s
i
m
ilar
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
o
n
l
y
ei
g
h
t
r
e
m
ain
in
g
p
atter
n
s
w
ill b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
.
Oth
er
w
is
e,
t
h
e
f
u
ll
y
ir
r
ad
iated
p
atter
n
b
ec
o
m
es a
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
p
atter
n
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
o
f
DE
an
d
P
SO
ar
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
es
o
f
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
e
s
(
%P
L
)
.
T
o
an
al
y
ze
%P
L
,
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
DE
-
an
d
P
SO
-
b
ased
P
VA
R
s
u
n
d
er
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
p
atter
n
s
(
P
m
a
x
)
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
th
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
p
atter
n
(
P
m
a
x
r
ef
)
,
as st
a
ted
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
7
)
%
100
m
ax
m
ax
m
ax
%
r
e
f
r
e
f
P
P
P
PL
(
7
)
T
h
e
f
itn
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
is
a
n
al
y
ze
d
,
an
d
th
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
ec
t
io
n
.
E
ac
h
g
en
er
atio
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
a
s
elec
te
d
P
VA
R
w
ith
it
s
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
,
an
d
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
e
r
is
ass
u
m
ed
to
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ac
h
ie
v
ed
w
h
e
n
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
co
n
v
er
g
e
s
.
T
h
e
b
est
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
h
o
u
ld
c
o
n
v
er
g
e
f
as
ter
w
it
h
h
ig
h
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Differ
en
tia
l E
vo
lu
tio
n
B
a
s
ed
S
o
la
r
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
A
r
r
a
y
R
ec
o
n
fig
u
r
a
tio
n
…
(
M.
A
.
I
.
A
.
Ta
z
a
lly
)
1403
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Sh
ad
in
g
p
atter
n
s
6.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
DE
-
b
ased
P
V
A
R
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
es
u
lt
o
f
th
e
an
al
y
s
e
s
.
A
f
ter
2
5
g
en
er
atio
n
s
o
f
DE
a
n
d
P
SO
al
g
o
r
i
th
m
s
ar
e
co
m
p
le
ted
,
th
e
P
–
V
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
b
o
th
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
,
a
s
i
llu
s
tr
ated
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
%P
L
o
f
t
h
e
DE
-
b
ased
P
VAR
o
n
t
h
e
d
iag
o
n
al
an
d
lo
n
g
,
s
h
o
r
t,
lo
n
g
,
cr
o
s
s
,
s
tep
,
an
d
U
p
atter
n
s
ar
e
lo
w
er
t
h
an
t
h
at
o
f
t
h
e
P
SO
-
b
ased
P
VAR.
T
h
e
r
e
m
ain
in
g
p
atter
n
s
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
%P
L
f
o
r
b
o
th
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
i
s
s
i
m
ilar
.
T
o
s
u
m
m
ar
ize,
DE
-
b
ased
P
VA
R
is
th
e
id
ea
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
y
ield
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
P
V
ar
r
ay
b
ec
au
s
e
it
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
P
m
a
x
an
d
h
a
s
lo
w
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
es
u
n
d
er
m
o
s
t P
S p
atter
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
P
o
w
er
lo
s
s
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
es
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
th
e
f
as
test
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
DE
-
b
ased
P
VAR
is
a
t
Gen
er
atio
n
=
7
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
p
atter
n
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
P
SO
co
n
v
er
g
e
s
f
a
s
ter
at
Gen
er
atio
n
=1
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
tep
p
atter
n
.
Fo
r
all
p
atter
n
s
,
P
SO
co
n
v
er
g
e
s
to
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
ea
r
lier
th
an
DE
.
H
o
w
e
v
er
,
its
s
o
lu
t
io
n
is
n
o
t
o
p
ti
m
al
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
is
n
o
t
at
m
ax
i
m
u
m
.
T
h
u
s
,
DE
h
as
b
etter
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
o
p
ti
m
u
m
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
.
P
SO
co
n
v
er
g
e
s
f
as
ter
b
u
t
lack
s
ac
cu
r
ac
y
a
n
d
h
as
a
te
n
d
en
c
y
to
b
e
tr
ap
p
ed
at
lo
ca
l
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s
.
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h
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o
r
e,
DE
is
co
n
s
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ed
t
h
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m
o
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t
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alg
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m
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i
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
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I
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t J
P
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w
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lec
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Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
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3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
3
9
7
–
14
05
1404
p
r
im
ar
y
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
is
wo
r
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to
ex
tr
ac
t
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
a
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tp
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t
p
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t
h
e
P
V
ar
r
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d
u
r
in
g
P
S
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cc
u
r
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en
ce
s
.
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ab
le
1
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Nu
m
b
er
Of
Gen
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ati
o
n
s
T
o
A
ch
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v
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Stead
y
State
P
a
t
t
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r
n
N
u
mb
e
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o
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g
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t
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o
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r
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4
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3
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l
19
3
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11
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13
6
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
w
s
t
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e
r
ep
r
esen
t
atio
n
o
f
P
V
A
R
af
ter
t
h
e
DE
alg
o
r
it
h
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
th
e
o
p
ti
m
izat
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
.
A
s
s
tated
in
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
p
o
s
itio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
r
e
m
ai
n
un
ch
a
n
g
ed
.
Oth
er
w
i
s
e,
th
e
elec
tr
ical
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
ar
e
ch
an
g
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
r
o
w
s
in
t
h
e
P
V
A
R
to
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
also
p
r
o
v
ed
th
at
t
h
e
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
eq
u
ilib
r
iu
m
tech
n
iq
u
e,
as
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
in
th
e
li
ter
atu
r
e,
is
i
m
p
r
ac
tical.
T
h
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
h
o
u
ld
h
av
e
m
o
r
e
o
p
tio
n
s
fo
r
P
VAR
to
o
p
ti
m
ize
t
h
e
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
a
n
d
f
i
n
d
t
h
e
b
est
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
.
L
ast
l
y
,
DE
-
b
as
ed
P
VA
R
i
s
s
i
m
p
le,
ac
cu
r
ate,
p
r
ac
tical
,
an
d
co
n
s
is
t
en
t in
e
x
tr
ac
ti
n
g
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
u
n
d
er
P
SC
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
R
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
P
VAR a
f
ter
DE
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
7.
CO
NC
L
U
SI
O
N
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
w
o
r
k
to
y
ield
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
n
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
a
p
a
r
tiall
y
s
h
ad
ed
P
V
ar
r
a
y
h
as
b
ee
n
ac
h
iev
ed
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
ll
y
.
DE
-
b
a
s
ed
P
VA
R
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
w
e
ll
,
as
p
r
o
v
en
b
y
v
ar
io
u
s
P
S
p
atter
n
s
.
DE
-
b
ased
P
V
A
R
ex
tr
ac
ted
m
o
r
e
p
o
w
er
th
a
n
P
S
O
-
b
ased
P
V
A
R
a
n
d
s
ta
tic
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
DE
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
lo
w
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
es,
t
h
er
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y
h
elp
i
n
g
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
th
e
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
f
o
r
PV
in
v
e
s
to
r
s
.
DE
-
b
ased
P
VAR
is
s
i
m
p
le
a
n
d
ea
s
y
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
i
n
p
r
ac
ti
c
e
.
T
h
e
P
VA
R
cir
c
u
it i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
I
–
V
tr
ac
er
to
r
ec
o
r
d
th
e
d
ata.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
t
ca
n
b
e
co
n
d
u
c
ted
u
n
d
er
a
r
ea
l
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
v
al
u
e
an
d
P
SC
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
DE
-
b
ased
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VA
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in
cr
ea
s
e
s
a
w
ar
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ess
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y
.
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h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
s
ex
p
ec
ted
to
en
co
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r
ag
e
m
o
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e
in
v
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to
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to
s
h
o
w
i
n
ter
est
i
n
th
e
P
V
in
d
u
s
tr
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Differ
en
tia
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vo
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B
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v
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r
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fig
u
r
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tio
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(
M.
A
.
I
.
A
.
Ta
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)
1405
ACK
NO
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F
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RE
F
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NC
E
S
[1
]
M
.
A
z
h
a
r
Kh
a
n
,
M
.
Zah
ir
Kh
a
n
,
K.
Za
m
a
n
,
a
n
d
L
.
Na
z
,
"
G
lo
b
a
l
e
stim
a
tes
o
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n
e
rg
y
c
o
n
su
m
p
ti
o
n
a
n
d
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e
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se
g
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s e
m
is
sio
n
s,"
Ren
e
wa
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le
a
n
d
S
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sta
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n
e
rg
y
Rev
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v
o
l.
2
9
,
p
p
.
3
3
6
-
34
4
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
]
S
.
R.
P
e
n
d
e
m
a
n
d
S
.
M
ik
k
il
i,
"
M
o
d
e
ll
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n
g
a
n
d
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o
rm
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o
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ti
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it
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te t
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e
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is
m
a
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h
in
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p
o
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r
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e
s,"
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o
la
r E
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r
g
y
,
v
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l.
1
6
0
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p
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1
,
2
0
1
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5
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8
.
[3
]
M
.
F
.
N.
T
a
ju
d
d
i
n
,
N.
A
.
Ra
h
im,
I.
Da
u
t,
B.
Ism
a
il
,
a
n
d
M
.
F
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
"
S
tate
sp
a
c
e
a
v
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ra
g
in
g
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
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rter w
it
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ig
it
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c
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IEE
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Co
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fer
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e
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0
0
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,
p
p
.
1
-
6.
[4
]
M
.
Dh
im
ish
,
V
.
Ho
lm
e
s,
B.
M
e
h
rd
a
d
i,
M
.
Da
les
,
a
n
d
P
.
M
a
t
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e
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V
o
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tp
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p
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tec
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iq
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e
s f
o
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t
s
p
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s a
n
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p
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l
ly
sh
a
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d
so
lar ce
ll
s,"
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e
c
tric P
o
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r S
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ms
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a
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h
,
v
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l.
1
5
8
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p
.
15
-
2
5
,
2
0
1
8
/0
5
/0
1
/
2
0
1
8
.
[5
]
M
.
A
.
I.
A
.
T
a
z
a
ll
y
,
M
.
F
.
N.
T
a
ju
d
d
in
,
A
.
A
z
m
i,
M
.
U.
M
a
a
z
,
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.
S
a
ra
v
a
n
,
P
.
S
a
n
jee
v
ik
u
m
a
r
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
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e
a
k
p
re
d
ictio
n
m
e
th
o
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o
f
m
a
x
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m
u
m
p
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e
r
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in
t
f
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r
se
ries
-
p
a
ra
ll
e
l
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
a
rra
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n
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p
a
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a
d
i
n
g
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o
n
d
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ti
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,
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in
2
0
1
7
S
e
c
o
n
d
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
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fer
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n
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e
o
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El
e
c
trica
l
,
Co
m
p
u
te
r
a
n
d
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mm
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n
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ti
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(
ICECCT
)
,
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,
p
p
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6.
[6
]
M
.
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.
M
.
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m
li
,
S
.
Tw
a
h
a
,
K.
Ish
a
q
u
e
,
a
n
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Y.
A
.
A
l
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u
rk
i,
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re
v
ie
w
o
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m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
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p
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sy
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it
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En
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iews
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v
o
l.
6
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,
p
p
.
1
4
4
-
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5
9
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//
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
C.
Ra
h
m
a
n
n
,
V
.
V
it
tal,
J.
A
sc
u
i,
a
n
d
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Ha
a
s,
"
M
it
ig
a
ti
o
n
Co
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tr
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l
Ag
a
in
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a
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h
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d
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Ef
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c
ts
in
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c
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le
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o
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la
n
ts,"
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ra
n
s
a
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o
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s
o
n
S
u
sta
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a
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e
rg
y
,
v
o
l.
7
,
p
p
.
1
7
3
-
1
8
0
,
2
0
1
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.
[8
]
M
.
F
.
N.
T
a
ju
d
d
in
,
S
.
M
.
Ay
o
b
,
a
n
d
Z.
S
a
lam
,
"
G
lo
b
a
l
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
we
r
p
o
in
t
trac
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f
P
V
s
y
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m
u
sin
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m
ic
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4
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6
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8
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0
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.
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1
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s,
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.
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2
]
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s,
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.
[2
3
]
R.
S
t
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rn
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n
d
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.
P
rice
,
"
Dif
fe
re
n
ti
a
l
Ev
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lu
t
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n
:
A
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p
le
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n
d
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o
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s
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p
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s,"
ICS
I,
U
S
A,
T
e
c
h
.
Rep
.
T
R
-
95
-
0
1
2
,
1
9
9
5
.
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