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4
.
RE
F
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R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
T
.
T
a
k
u
m
a
,
O.
Ya
m
a
m
o
to
a
n
d
S
.
Ha
m
a
d
a
,
"
G
a
se
s as
a
Die
l
e
c
tri
c
"
,
G
a
se
o
u
s Die
lec
tri
c
s X
,
p
p
.
1
9
5
–
2
0
4
,
2
0
0
4
.
[2
]
L
.
G
.
Ch
risto
p
h
o
r
o
u
,
J.
K.
Olth
o
f
f
,
D.
S
.
G
re
e
n
,
U.
S
.
G
.
P
.
Off
ice
,
a
n
d
E.
D.
a
n
d
P
.
M
.
Div
isio
n
,
“
G
a
se
s
f
o
r
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
In
su
latio
n
a
n
d
A
rc
In
terru
p
ti
o
n
:
P
o
ss
ib
le
P
re
se
n
t
a
n
d
F
u
t
u
re
A
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
s
to
p
u
re
S
F
6
”
,
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
In
stit
u
te
o
f
S
tan
d
a
r
d
s an
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
1
9
9
7
.
[3
]
V.
M
.
Ib
ra
h
im
,
Z.
A
.
M
a
lek
a
n
d
N.
A
.
M
u
h
a
m
a
d
,
“
Ch
e
m
ic
a
l
B
y
-
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
Dia
g
n
o
stic
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
G
a
s
In
su
late
d
S
w
it
c
h
g
e
a
r
Co
n
d
it
io
n
M
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
”
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tric
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
(
IJ
EE
CS
)
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
8
-
2
8
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
IP
CC
Co
re
W
rit
in
g
T
e
a
m
,
W
o
rk
in
g
G
ro
u
p
1
:
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h
e
P
h
y
sic
a
l
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
Ba
sis,
“
Err
a
ta
o
f
IP
CC
F
o
u
rth
A
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
Re
p
o
rt:
Cli
m
a
te Ch
a
n
g
e
2
0
0
7
”
,
2
0
1
2
.
[5
]
M
.
S
.
Ka
m
a
r
u
d
in
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
re
ss
u
rize
d
CF
3
I
-
CO
2
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a
s
M
ix
tu
re
u
n
d
e
r
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ig
h
tn
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g
Im
p
u
lse
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n
d
it
s
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o
li
d
By
-
P
ro
d
u
c
ts”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
f
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lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
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e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
3
0
8
8
-
3
0
9
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[6
]
M
.
S
.
Ka
m
a
ru
d
in
,
M
.
A
lb
a
n
o
,
P
.
Co
v
e
n
try
,
N.
Ha
rid
,
a
n
d
a
.
Ha
d
d
a
d
,
“
A
su
rv
e
y
o
n
th
e
p
o
ten
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ial
o
f
CF
3
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g
a
s
a
s
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n
a
lt
e
rn
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ti
v
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f
o
r
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6
i
n
h
ig
h
v
o
l
tag
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
,
i
n
4
5
t
h
I
n
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Un
ive
rs
it
ies
Po
we
r
En
g
in
e
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rin
g
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n
fer
e
n
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e
(
UPEC
2
0
1
0
.
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
,
2
0
1
0
.
[7
]
F
.
Ha
o
a
n
d
Z.
Ju
n
m
in
,
“
Te
m
p
e
ra
tu
re
Rise
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
S
witch
g
e
a
r
in
S
F
6
,
N2
,
a
n
d
A
ir”,
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
7
–
1
3
8
2
,
2
0
1
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
0
8
8
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8
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I
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P
o
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&
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t
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Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
873
–
879
878
[8
]
M
.
S
.
Ka
m
a
ru
d
in
,
H.
Zai
n
u
d
d
i
n
,
A
.
Ha
d
d
a
d
,
N.
H.
Ra
d
z
i,
A
.
P
o
n
n
iran
,
a
n
d
A
.
Zah
a
ri,
“
P
u
r
p
o
se
-
B
u
il
t
T
e
st
Rig
f
o
r
G
a
s
In
su
latio
n
Bre
a
k
d
o
w
n
T
e
st
s
u
n
d
e
r
L
ig
h
tn
in
g
I
m
p
u
lse
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Po
w
e
r
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
(
PE
CON)
,
p
p
.
3
3
3
–
3
3
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[9
]
J.M
a
,
Q.Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
S
tu
d
y
o
n
In
su
latio
n
Ch
a
ra
c
teristic o
f
G
IS
u
n
d
e
r
Co
m
b
in
e
d
Vo
lt
a
g
e
o
f
DC a
n
d
L
i
g
h
tn
in
g
Im
p
u
lse
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Die
lec
tr.
El
e
c
tr.
I
n
s
u
l.
,
v
o
l.
2
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
8
9
3
–
9
0
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
0
]
P
las
ti
c
sEu
ro
p
e
,
“
T
h
e
P
l
a
stic
P
o
rtal
-
P
o
ly
c
a
rb
o
n
a
te
”
,
2
0
1
0
.
[
On
li
n
e
].
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:
//
ww
w
.
p
las
ti
c
se
u
ro
p
e
.
o
rg
/w
h
a
t
-
is
-
p
las
ti
c
/t
y
p
e
s
-
o
f
p
las
ti
c
s/p
o
ly
c
a
rb
o
n
a
te.as
p
x
.
[
A
c
c
e
s
se
d
:
1
7
-
Ju
n
-
2
0
1
3
]
.
[1
1
]
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
El
e
c
tro
tec
h
n
ica
l
Co
m
m
issio
n
,
“
IEC
6
0
1
3
7
-
I
n
su
late
d
Bu
sh
i
n
g
f
o
r
A
lt
e
rn
a
ti
n
g
V
o
lt
a
g
e
s
A
b
o
v
e
1
0
0
0
V
”
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
2
]
Eu
ro
p
e
a
n
Co
m
m
it
te
f
o
r
El
e
c
tro
tec
h
n
ica
l
S
tan
d
a
r
d
iza
ti
o
n
,
“
BS
EN
6
0
0
6
0
-
1
:
2
0
1
0
BS
I
S
tan
d
a
rd
s
P
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
Hig
h
-
v
o
lt
a
g
e
T
e
st
Tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
P
a
rt
1
:
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
De
f
in
it
io
n
s an
d
T
e
st Req
u
irem
e
n
ts
”
,
2010
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ay
u
a
m
ir
a
Za
h
a
r
i
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
Co
n
tr
o
l
,
In
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
)
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
n
M
e
lak
a
(UT
e
M
)
in
2
0
1
4
.
S
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
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p
u
rsu
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h
e
r
M
S
c
in
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tri
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l
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in
e
e
ri
n
g
a
t
UT
e
M
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
f
o
c
u
s
m
a
in
ly
o
n
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
g
a
s in
su
la
ti
o
n
.
H
id
a
y
a
t
Za
in
u
d
d
in
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
i
s
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r'
s
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
in
2
0
0
3
.
He
th
e
n
o
b
tain
e
d
h
is
M
a
ste
r
o
f
S
c
ie
n
c
e
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
Bu
sin
e
ss
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
trath
c
l
y
d
e
,
G
la
s
g
o
w
,
in
2
0
0
5
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
o
u
t
h
a
m
p
to
n
in
2
0
1
3
.
He
h
a
s
se
rv
e
d
a
s
a
n
a
c
a
d
e
m
i
c
sta
ff
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
(
UTe
M
)
sin
c
e
2
0
0
3
a
n
d
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
n
A
s
so
c
iate
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
a
n
d
De
p
u
ty
De
a
n
(S
tu
d
e
n
t
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t)
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
UT
e
M
.
He
is
a
lso
th
e
He
a
d
o
f
th
e
Hig
h
V
o
lt
a
g
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Re
se
a
rc
h
L
a
b
o
ra
to
ry
(HV
ER
L
a
b
),
UT
e
M
.
He
w
a
s
th
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
o
f
Ce
n
tre
o
f
Ex
c
e
ll
e
n
c
e
f
o
r
Ro
b
o
ti
c
s
a
n
d
In
d
u
str
ial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
(Ce
RIA
)
a
t
U
T
e
M
f
ro
m
2
0
1
4
to
2
0
1
6
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
l
u
d
e
g
re
e
n
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
in
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
s
y
ste
m
,
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
in
su
lati
o
n
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
,
f
a
il
u
re
a
n
a
l
y
sis,
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
ti
o
n
.
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
u
fi
K
a
m
a
r
u
d
i
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
D
De
g
re
e
in
Hig
h
V
o
l
tag
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Ca
rd
iff
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
UK
in
2
0
1
4
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
M
.
S
c
.
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r
o
f
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
)
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
si
a
in
2
0
0
3
a
n
d
2
0
0
5
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
S
e
n
io
r
L
e
c
tu
re
r
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
a
t
Un
iv
e
r
siti
T
u
n
Hu
ss
ien
On
n
(UT
HM).
He
is
a
P
r
o
f
e
ss
io
n
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
r
(Ir
.
)
re
g
istere
d
w
it
h
th
e
b
o
a
rd
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rs
M
a
la
y
sia
(BEM
).
He
is
a
lso
a
co
rp
o
ra
te
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
In
stit
u
ti
o
n
o
f
e
n
g
in
e
e
rs
M
a
la
y
si
a
(IE
M
).
His
re
se
a
r
c
h
in
tere
st
in
c
lu
d
e
g
a
s
d
isc
h
a
rg
e
,
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
su
rg
e
a
rre
ste
rs as
w
e
ll
a
s d
iele
c
tri
c
,
a
n
d
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
in
su
lati
o
n
sy
ste
m
.
Nu
r
Fa
r
h
a
n
i
A
m
b
o
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
e
r
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(In
d
u
strial
P
o
w
e
r)
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Tek
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
in
2
0
1
6
.
S
h
e
is
c
u
rr
e
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
in
g
h
e
r
M
a
ste
r
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts in
c
lu
d
e
g
a
s d
isc
h
a
rg
e
s,
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
in
su
lati
o
n
sy
ste
m
s an
d
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
ts.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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a
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h
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h
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m
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p
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n
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h
a
h
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la
m
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is
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m
a
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g
e
r,
d
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n
e
r
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e
n
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in
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r
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h
m
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th
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n
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y
e
a
rs
o
f
e
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p
e
rien
c
e
in
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lec
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c
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
in
d
u
stry
.
His
c
a
r
e
e
r
p
a
th
b
e
g
a
n
in
1
9
8
4
a
s
a
n
E
n
g
in
e
e
r;
b
e
c
a
m
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
r
in
1
9
8
9
a
n
d
l
a
ter
o
n
in
1
9
9
6
a
p
p
o
i
n
ted
a
s
M
a
n
a
g
in
g
Dire
c
to
r.
He
h
a
d
w
id
e
e
x
p
o
su
re
a
n
d
e
x
ten
siv
e
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
s
in
h
ig
h
v
o
lt
a
g
e
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
a
n
d
tran
sm
issio
n
p
ro
jec
ts
w
it
h
h
i
g
h
ly
e
n
g
in
e
e
re
d
s
y
st
e
m
s
w
h
ich
r
e
q
u
ire
d
e
e
p
u
n
d
e
rsta
n
d
in
g
o
f
c
rit
ica
l
b
u
sin
e
ss
d
riv
e
rs
in
m
u
l
ti
p
le
m
a
r
k
e
ts
a
n
d
in
d
u
stries
.
He
led
a
n
d
m
o
ti
v
a
ted
te
a
m
s
c
o
m
p
rise
d
o
f
m
o
re
th
a
n
2
0
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e
m
p
lo
y
e
e
s
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
d
P
&
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f
o
r
b
u
si
n
e
ss
d
iv
isio
n
s
e
x
c
e
e
d
in
g
RM
1
0
0
m
il
li
o
n
re
v
e
n
u
e
.
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m
r
a
n
S
u
t
a
n
Cha
ir
u
l
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(In
d
u
strial
P
o
w
e
r)
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
(U
T
e
M
)
in
2
0
0
8
.
I
n
2
0
1
2
,
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
M
a
ste
r
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
n
a
g
a
Na
sio
n
a
l.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
i
s
a
P
h
D
c
a
n
d
id
a
te
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
si
a
M
e
lak
a
(U
TeM)
.
His
re
se
a
r
c
h
in
t
e
re
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
li
q
u
id
a
n
d
g
a
s
in
su
lati
o
n
a
s w
e
ll
a
s co
n
d
i
t
io
n
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.