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.
3
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tem
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er
201
6
,
p
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.
901
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©
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In
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4
,
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R
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IJ
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Vo
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3
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Sep
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2
0
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6
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901
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u
p
ll
y
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
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ad
.
T
h
ese
to
p
o
lo
g
ies h
av
e
co
m
p
lex
co
n
t
r
o
l
in
o
r
d
er
to
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t D
C
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
SIE
G
a
n
d
AC
v
o
ltag
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
l
y
v
ar
iab
le
r
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cti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
u
s
i
n
g
SVC
ME
R
S
(
m
ag
n
e
tic
en
er
g
y
r
ec
o
v
er
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
)
w
h
ic
h
h
as
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
to
co
n
tr
o
l
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
an
is
o
lated
s
m
all
-
s
ca
le
g
en
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
d
o
u
b
le
w
in
d
i
n
g
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
a
s
e
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
.
SVC
-
ME
R
S
h
a
s
s
o
m
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
s
u
c
h
as
s
i
m
p
le
co
n
tr
o
l,
lo
w
lo
s
s
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
d
u
e
to
ze
r
o
s
w
itch
in
g
co
n
tr
o
l a
n
d
s
m
all
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
2.
M
E
RS O
P
E
RATI
O
N
P
R
I
N
CIPL
E
ME
R
S
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
f
u
ll
-
b
r
id
g
e
s
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tch
e
s
an
d
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
es
ar
e
s
w
itc
h
ed
in
p
air
s
(
UV
an
d
XY)
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
ca
p
a
cito
r
ch
ar
g
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
b
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tu
r
n
in
g
t
h
e
m
o
n
a
n
d
o
f
f
at
a
ce
r
tain
f
ir
i
n
g
an
g
le.
Fig
u
r
e
1
a)
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
b
asic
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
ME
R
S.
I
t
m
ea
n
s
th
a
t
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
c
h
ar
g
i
n
g
ti
m
e
ca
n
b
e
s
et
b
y
ad
j
u
s
tin
g
t
h
e
f
ir
i
n
g
an
g
le.
C
a
p
ac
ito
r
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
ti
m
e
w
i
ll
d
e
te
r
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
g
e
n
er
ated
[
10
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
o
f
M
E
R
S
is
s
i
m
ilar
to
co
m
m
o
n
f
u
ll
-
w
a
v
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
b
u
t
t
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
d
if
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er
e
n
ce
s
.
Firs
t,
ME
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ca
n
b
e
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n
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ted
eith
er
in
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o
r
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u
n
t
w
it
h
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e
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y
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te
m
.
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o
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d
,
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al
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e
o
f
d
c
v
o
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n
t
h
e
ME
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ap
ac
ito
r
ca
n
b
e
ch
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y
n
a
m
icall
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ze
r
o
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
(
a)
C
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
o
f
ME
R
S
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
ME
R
S o
p
er
atin
g
s
tat
es.
(
a
)
C
ap
ac
ito
r
ch
ar
g
in
g
(
b
)
C
ap
ac
ito
r
d
is
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
(
c
)
C
ap
ac
ito
r
is
b
y
p
as
s
ed
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
a
s
e
f
u
ll
-
b
r
id
g
e
cir
cu
it,
th
e
ca
p
ac
ita
n
ce
o
f
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ca
n
b
e
s
ev
er
al
ti
m
e
s
s
m
aller
d
u
e
to
th
e
allo
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n
ce
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
to
v
ar
y
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d
e
v
e
n
b
ec
o
m
es
ze
r
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at
e
v
er
y
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u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
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le
(
5
0
Hz
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r
6
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Hz)
.
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n
th
e
o
t
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er
h
a
n
d
,
f
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ll
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b
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id
g
e
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
i
s
tr
y
in
g
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
a
lar
g
e
v
o
ltag
e,
s
o
th
a
t
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
c
e
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
ca
p
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ito
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s
b
ec
o
m
es
lar
g
e.
ME
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co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ati
o
n
also
u
tili
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s
th
e
lin
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
a
s
its
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
w
h
ich
m
ea
n
s
th
at
ea
ch
s
w
itc
h
is
o
n
l
y
t
u
r
n
ed
o
n
an
d
o
f
f
at
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
c
y
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le.
I
n
o
n
e
c
y
cle,
ME
R
S
h
as
t
h
r
ee
o
p
er
atin
g
s
ta
tes,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
y
s
w
itc
h
in
g
XY,
d
is
c
h
ar
g
in
g
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
y
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
UV
an
d
b
y
p
ass
in
g
w
h
e
n
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
is
ze
r
o
o
r
th
er
e
is
n
o
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ed
in
d
c
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
T
h
e
o
p
e
r
atin
g
s
ta
te
s
ar
e
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
co
m
p
en
s
a
te
th
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
,
a
ME
R
S
v
ar
iab
le
r
ea
ctan
ce
,
X
MERS
,
is
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
s
h
i
f
ti
n
g
t
h
e
p
h
ase
o
f
g
ate
s
i
g
n
als
to
t
h
e
p
h
ase
o
f
lin
e
v
o
lta
g
e.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
is
m
eth
o
d
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
m
o
d
es
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
th
at
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
e
d
,
i.e
.
b
alan
ce
,
d
c
-
o
f
f
s
et,
a
n
d
d
is
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
m
o
d
e
[
10
]
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
ac
h
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
e
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
(
V
c
)
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
o
n
e
i
s
d
is
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
m
o
d
e.
T
h
is
m
o
d
e
o
c
cu
r
s
wh
en
t
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ch
a
r
g
in
g
a
n
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
is
s
h
o
r
ter
th
an
t
h
e
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
p
er
io
d
o
r
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
h
al
f
-
w
a
v
e
p
er
io
d
.
I
n
th
e
d
is
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
m
o
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e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
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n
o
t
ch
ar
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f
o
r
a
m
o
m
e
n
t,
s
o
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h
at
th
e
e
n
er
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i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
s
to
r
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b
y
t
h
e
ca
p
a
cito
r
is
r
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ce
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
li
m
it t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ated
b
y
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
c)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
an
d
ME
R
S
v
o
lta
g
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
i
n
d
is
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n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
d
e.
T
h
e
d
is
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
m
o
d
e
w
ill
o
c
cu
r
if
X
MER
S
i
s
les
s
th
an
Xc.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
n
e
is
b
ala
n
ce
m
o
d
e
.
T
h
is
m
o
d
e
o
cc
u
r
s
w
h
e
n
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ch
ar
g
in
g
a
n
d
d
is
ch
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g
in
g
ti
m
e
eq
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t
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s
w
itc
h
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n
d
a
m
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tal
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al
f
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p
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.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
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ed
b
y
th
e
ca
p
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r
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th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
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g
e
w
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l
b
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m
a
x
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m
u
m
li
m
it
b
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o
n
i
t
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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PEDS
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SS
N:
2088
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8
694
V
o
lta
g
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l o
f S
i
n
g
le
-
P
h
a
s
e
Tw
o
W
in
d
in
g
S
E
I
G
u
s
in
g
S
V
C
-
MER
S
fo
r
I
s
o
la
ted
…
(
F
.
Da
n
a
n
g
W
ija
ya
)
903
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
v
a
lu
e.
F
ig
u
r
e
3
(
a)
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
an
d
ME
R
S
v
o
ltag
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
in
b
alan
ce
m
o
d
e.
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h
e
b
alan
ce
m
o
d
e
w
ill o
cc
u
r
i
f
X
M
ERS
eq
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als to
Xc.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Sch
e
m
atic
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
th
e
ME
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n
v
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io
u
s
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a
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t r
ea
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n
ce
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h
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e
s
a
m
e
cu
r
r
en
t (
cu
r
r
en
t,
ME
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o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
g
ate
s
i
g
n
al
o
f
UY
w
ith
p
h
ase
s
h
i
f
t a
n
g
le
(
δ)
: (
a)
d
is
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
d
e
(
X
MER
S
< X
C
)
,
(
b
)
b
alan
ce
m
o
d
e
(
X
MER
S
=X
C
)
,
(
c)
dc
-
o
f
f
s
et
m
o
d
e
(
X
M
ER
S
>
X
C
)
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
last
o
n
e
is
a
d
c
-
o
f
f
s
et
m
o
d
e.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
tip
s
o
f
ca
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ito
r
h
as
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o
f
f
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et
v
alu
e.
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h
is
i
s
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u
e
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e
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m
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f
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ch
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n
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o
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m
p
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h
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as
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lr
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d
y
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h
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So
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ito
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er
g
y
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th
e
f
o
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m
o
f
d
c
-
o
f
f
s
et
v
o
lta
g
e.
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
an
d
ME
R
S
v
o
ltag
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
in
d
c
-
o
f
f
s
e
t
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h
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c
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et
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is
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Fig
u
r
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4
s
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n
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ter
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ito
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ati
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[
1
1
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ito
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u
r
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5
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n
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ar
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e
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m
p
le
m
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n
tatio
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f
SVC
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a
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Fig
u
r
e
6
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6
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d
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1
)
ex
cita
tio
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p
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d
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h
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n
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d
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m
ai
n
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I
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PEDS
I
SS
N:
2088
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8
694
V
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905
4.
RE
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a
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b
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n
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p
p
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–
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8
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.
[3
]
Y.H.A
.
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.
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a
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d
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I.
A
l
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.
M
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se
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-
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stig
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s
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–
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3
.
[5
]
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.
F
.
Ch
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o
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lf
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l.
1
0
,
p
p
.
5
0
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–
5
0
7
,
1
9
9
5
.
[6
]
B.
S
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g
h
,
S
.
S
.
M
u
rth
y
,
a
n
d
S
.
G
u
p
ta,
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n
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c
tro
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ic
Vo
lt
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re
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ro
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p
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in
P
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2
0
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5
,
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p
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4
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–
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5
.
[7
]
T
.
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sh
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.
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VA
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.