Intern
ati
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
of
P
o
we
r El
ec
tr
on
i
c
s
an
d D
r
i
v
e
S
y
stem
(I
JPE
D
S)
V
o
l.
11
, N
o
. 2, Jun
e
20
20
, pp
. 82
7
~
83
2
I
SSN
:
208
8-8
6
9
4
, D
O
I:
10.
115
91
/i
jp
e
d
s.v
1
1
.i2
.
p
p82
7-8
32
8
27
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: h
t
t
p
:/
/ijpe
d
s.
i
a
e
s
c
o
re.
c
o
m
Multi-objective solu
tion with
PSO algorithm for minimization
of torque ripple and
speed settling tim
e
by
using solar-fed 11,9
and 3-level
multi-level i
n
vert
er wi
th vector control
of
induction
motor
Sh
as
hi
bh
u
s
h
a
n G.
1
,
Sav
i
t
a
So
no
li
2
1
D
e
partmen
t
o
f
ECE, S
i
r M
V
IT, Bang
a
l
o
r
e, Kar
n
atak
a,
Ind
i
a
2
De
p
a
rtm
e
nt
of EC
E,
RYM
E
n
g
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
Co
ll
ege
,
Bal
l
ari, Karn
ata
k
a, Ind
i
a
A
r
ticle In
fo
A
B
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
tic
le
h
i
st
o
r
y:
Rec
e
i
v
ed
D
e
c
2
,
20
18
Rev
i
sed
No
v 22
, 20
19
A
c
ce
p
t
ed
Jan
13
, 20
20
T
h
e
11,
9 &
3-l
e
ve
l
c
a
s
ca
d
e
d m
u
lt
i-le
v
e
l
in
ve
rte
r
is
fe
d
with
v
e
ct
o
r
c
o
nt
ro
l
of
in
du
ction
mo
tor
.
The sp
eed p
e
rf
orman
c
e
o
f
the
mach
ine
is
d
e
pe
nd
ent
o
n
the
PI
contr
o
l
l
er
used for
speed cont
rol
.
Regu
l
a
tion
of speed
can
go
till 5% i
s
al
lowabl
e.
If
the
PI
cont
roller
paramete
rs
a
r
e n
o
t op
ti
m
a
l t
h
e
sp
eed
e
rro
r ge
t
s
i
n
crease. The torque r
i
pp
le
can
be r
e
duced
by us
i
n
g the
multileve
l
inver
t
er
.
M
o
re
th
an
th
at the P
I
con
t
ro
ller
outpu
t
is r
e
la
t
e
d
wi
th
t
o
r
q
u
e
.
S
o
,
t
h
e
p
r
ob
le
m
i
s
fo
rm
ula
t
e
d
with
re
d
u
c
t
i
on o
f
se
tt
li
ng t
i
m
e
of
sp
e
e
d
a
n
d
t
o
rq
ue
rip
p
l
e
.
T
h
e
M
u
l
t
i
-
ob
je
ct
i
v
e
P
a
rt
icl
e
S
w
ar
m Op
ti
miz
a
ti
o
n
(
M
P
S
O)
alg
o
r
i
t
h
m is
u
s
ed
to
so
lv
e the
pro
b
le
m. A
nd
the
pe
rf
ormanc
es
are
co
mp
ared
w
ith P
I
co
n
t
roller
a
n
d PSO-PI c
o
n
t
ro
l o
f
ve
ct
or c
ont
rol
d
r
i
v
e
.
MAT
L
A
B is use
d
to sol
v
e
the
e
n
ti
re
sy
st
e
m
.
Ke
yw
ords:
M
u
l
tile
v
e
l inv
e
rt
er
M
u
l
tile
v
e
l sp
a
c
e
v
e
c
t
or
pu
l
s
e
Wi
dt
h
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
i
on
PS
O
a
l
gorit
h
m
Torq
ue ri
p
p
le
r
e
duct
i
o
n
Th
is
is a
n
o
p
en
acces
s a
r
ticle
un
d
e
r the
C
C
B
Y
-SA
licens
e
.
Corres
p
o
n
din
g
A
u
t
h
or:
S
h
ash
i
bhu
sh
an G.,
Depa
rt
eme
n
t
o
f
El
ect
roni
c
s
a
n
d
C
o
mmuni
ca
ti
on E
n
gi
nee
r
i
n
g
,
S
i
r
M
V
I
T
, Ba
ng
a
l
or
e,
Ka
rn
atak
a
,
In
d
i
a
,
Ema
i
l
:
s
h
ash
i
gad
i
g
i
123
4@gm
ai
l.c
o
m
1.
IN
TR
O
DUCTION
In
rece
nt
day
s
t
h
e s
p
eed
c
ont
rol
of t
h
e
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
on ma
chi
n
e
n
eede
d
t
o
be
fa
s
t
er
a
n
d
a
c
c
u
rat
e
for ma
ny
sensi
t
i
v
e a
ppl
i
cat
i
ons. The
v
ect
or c
o
nt
rol
of
i
n
d
u
ct
i
o
n mac
h
i
n
e
p
r
ovi
des
bet
t
e
r
c
o
n
t
rol
o
v
e
r
s
p
e
e
d
. T
h
e
p
r
ob
le
m
i
n
v
ecto
r
c
o
n
t
ro
l
is
se
ttl
in
g
t
i
me
.
To
i
m
pr
ov
e th
e set
tlin
g
ti
me ma
n
y
re
se
ar
ch
es
a
r
e
c
a
rr
ied
ou
t. In [1
]
th
e
5
-
l
e
v
e
l
ca
sc
ad
e
d
mu
lt
ile
ve
l i
n
ver
t
e
r
is use
d
fo
r p
u
mp
in
g lo
ad
. Th
e
PI
con
t
r
o
ll
er i
s
re
p
l
a
ced
w
ith fu
z
z
y
base
d P
S
O
al
go
ri
thm
in
[2
]
for
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
st
a
b
i
l
i
t
y. O
n
l
y
t
y
pe-
2
fuzz
y i
s
use
d
i
n
[3,
4
]. P
S
O
t
une
d P
I
c
o
n
t
r
o
lle
r
is
u
s
ed
in [5
] fo
r
PM
SM
m
a
c
h
i
n
e a
n
d
in [6
] GA-
PSO
is
used for
t
h
e s
p
e
e
d
and
cu
rr
e
n
t con
t
ro
l fo
r
vec
t
o
r
c
o
ntr
o
l of in
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
mot
o
r. P
S
O
b
a
sed o
n
l
i
n
e
ve
ct
or
c
ontr
o
l i
s
al
so carri
e
d
o
u
t
in [
7
]. The
vect
o
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l o
f
th
ree
s
t
ag
e
mu
lt
ile
v
e
l
in
ve
rte
r
i
s
d
i
sc
u
s
se
d
in
[8]
.
To
r
e
du
c
e
th
e
h
a
rmon
ic
s mu
lt
ile
v
e
l i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
i
s
use
d
in
vec
t
or c
ont
rol t
e
c
hni
q
u
e
i
n
[9
]. Ma
ny
new
t
y
pes
o
f
i
nve
rt
ers a
r
e
u
s
ed t
o
c
o
n
t
rol
t
h
e mot
o
r a
n
d
whi
c
h
are di
scusse
d i
n
[1
0-2
5
].
In t
h
is
p
a
p
e
r Ph
o
t
o
-
Vo
lta
ic
(PV
)
fed c
a
s
cad
e
d
mu
lt
ile
v
e
l
in
v
e
rt
er
w
ith
11
,9
&
3
le
v
e
l
an
d t
h
e
sp
e
e
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
i
nduc
tio
n
mo
t
o
r w
i
t
h
v
e
c
t
or
co
n
t
ro
l
u
s
i
n
g
M
P
SO
op
tim
iz
ed
PI to
min
i
mi
ze
th
e se
tt
lin
g
tim
e a
n
d
re
duc
e
t
h
e
t
o
rq
ue
ri
p
p
le
i
s
p
r
o
pos
ed
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
: 2
088
-8
6
94
Int
J
P
o
w
Ele
c
& D
r
i
S
y
st, V
o
l
.
1
1
,
N
o
.
2, Ju
ne
20
2
0
:
8
2
7
–
832
82
8
2.
P
R
OB
LE
M ID
EN
T
I
F
I
CATIO
N
The
ve
ct
o
r
c
o
n
t
rol
ha
s a s
p
e
e
d
c
ont
rol
lo
o
p
wi
t
h
P
I
c
ont
rol
l
e
r t
o
prod
uce
pr
opo
rti
onal
t
o
rq
ue
va
lue
for
el
ec
troma
gnet
i
c
t
o
rq
ue re
fer
e
nce
t
o
c
ont
rol
t
h
e
t
o
rque
o
f
t
h
e mot
o
r.
It c
a
n
be
deri
ved
as
foll
ow
s
∗
(1
)
Whe
n
a
p
pli
e
d t
o
P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
l
l
e
r
i
t
ca
n
be
d
e
fi
ne
d
as
,
,
∗
(2
)
S
o
, t
h
e
t
o
r
q
ue
re
sult
s a
r
e t
o
t
a
l
l
y
de
pe
ndi
ng
on
t
h
e
K
p
a
n
d
Ki
va
lue
s
o
f
P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
l
l
e
r
.
B
y
c
h
a
n
gin
g
t
h
e val
u
es
o
f
PI co
nt
roll
e
r
, t
h
e t
o
rq
ue ri
pp
l
e
s ca
n
be
c
h
a
nge
d.
So
,
i
t
is fo
rme
d
as a di
sc
ret
e
o
p
t
i
mi
za
t
i
o
n
equa
ti
o
n
w
i
t
h
set
t
l
i
ng
t
i
m
e
as
a
not
he
r
obje
c
t
i
v
e
. S
o
,
the
probl
e
m
i
s
fo
rmul
at
ed
as
mini
miz
a
t
i
on o
f
t
o
rque
a
n
d
set
t
l
i
ng t
i
m
e of
spee
d o
f
t
h
e
D
i
rec
t
tor
que
C
o
nt
rol
(D
TC) i
s
do
ne
by
c
o
nsi
d
erin
g
an
a
r
bi
t
r
a
r
y l
i
mi
t
f
o
r
K
p
and
Ki
va
l
u
e
s
.
3.
OBJ
E
C
T
IV
E FUNC
TION
O
b
j
e
ct
ive
func
ti
on use
d
here i
s
don
e
fo
r
t
o
rq
ue mi
ni
miz
a
t
i
on
wi
th
re
duc
ti
o
n
o
f
set
t
l
i
ng ti
me o
f
spe
e
d
. B
o
t
h
t
h
e o
b
je
ct
i
v
es
a
r
e ma
de
as mul
t
i
-
o
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
as
give
n
i
n
(1)
mi
n
(3
)
ℎ
1
,
2
ℎ
Const
r
ai
nt
s
,
,
(4)
,
,
(5
)
4.
M
U
LT
I-O
B
JE
C
T
IV
E PARTIC
L
E
SWAR
M
O
P
T
I
M
I
ZA
T
I
ON
MP
S
O
i
s
base
d on t
h
e
be
ha
v
i
or
of t
h
e
fo
od
search
in a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
fi
sh
or
b
e
e
s
o
r
bi
rds
.
T
h
e
proce
d
ure
of the
al
go
ri
t
h
m i
s
gi
ve
n
a
s
fol
l
ow
s.
St
ep
1.
Ass
u
m
e
t
h
e si
ze
of
t
h
e
swa
r
m o
r
part
i
c
l
e
(m).
us
ual
l
y
si
ze
of
20 t
o
3
0
pa
rt
ic
l
e
s
a
r
e use
d
.
St
ep
2.
Ge
ne
ra
t
e
the
i
n
i
t
i
a
l p
o
pula
t
i
o
n of
X
in t
h
e
ra
n
g
e
X(l
)
a
n
d
X
(
u
)
ran
d
o
m
ly a
s
X1
,X
2,…
X
N.
St
ep
3.
Eval
uat
e
the
obj
ec
ti
ve
fu
nct
i
o
n
val
u
e
usin
g
(3
).
S
t
e
p
4
.
F
i
nd
t
h
e
v
e
l
o
c
i
ti
es
of
p
a
rt
ic
le
s.
A
l
l vel
o
ci
tie
s
a
r
e
in
i
t
ia
lly
ass
u
me
d
a
s
z
e
r
o
.
Al
l
p
a
rtic
le
s
mov
e
t
o
w
a
rd
s
th
e
op
tim
al
p
o
i
n
t
.
St
ep
5.
F
i
nd
t
h
e hi
sto
r
ic
al
b
e
st
va
l
u
e
of t
h
e
pa
rti
c
l
e
s, w
h
i
c
h is
kn
ow
n
a
s
l
o
ca
l
best
, or
pa
rti
c
l
e
be
st
(P
best
)
and
fi
nd
t
h
e
b
e
st
pa
rt
ic
le
s o
f
al
l
t
h
e
p
r
e
v
i
o
us i
t
era
t
io
ns
ca
ll
e
d
as
gl
o
b
al
best
or G
b
e
s
t
.
Fi
nd
t
h
e
vel
o
ci
t
i
e
s
of
t
h
e
pa
rt
ic
l
e
s
j
i
n
it
h it
erat
io
n a
s
foll
ows
,
Vj(i) =
V
j
(
i
-
1
)
+
c1r1[Pbes
t
–
X
j
(
i
-1)]+c2r
2
[G
best
-
X
j
(
i-
1)] (
6
)
Whe
r
e,
j
=
1,2,
…N
.
c1, c
2
=
l
e
a
r
ni
n
g
fa
ct
or
ass
u
me
d as
2
r1
, r2
=
U
n
i
f
ormly
di
st
ri
b
u
t
e
d
ra
nd
om
n
u
m
b
ers
ran
g
e
0
a
n
d 1
.
No
w f
i
nd
th
e po
si
tion
o
r
c
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
ti
o
n
of
th
e
jth
p
a
r
t
icl
e
in
th
e it
h
it
er
a
t
io
n
X
j
(
i
)
=
Xj
(i
-1
)
+V
j(
i)
(7
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
o
w
Elec &
Dri Sy
st
I
SSN
: 2
0
8
8
-8
69
4
M
u
lt
i
-
O
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
sol
u
t
i
on
wi
t
h
PS
O
alg
o
ri
thm
f
o
r
mi
ni
mizat
i
o
n
of
t
o
r
que
ri
ppl
e
and
… (
S
has
hi
bh
usha
n
G)
8
29
No
w
e
v
al
ua
te
t
h
e
obje
c
t
i
ve
va
lue
s
of
t
h
e
a
bove
Xj
.
S
t
ep 6
.
Che
c
k
t
h
e c
o
nve
r
g
e
n
c
e
of
t
h
e c
u
r
r
e
n
t
sol
u
t
i
o
n
,
if
t
h
e p
o
si
ti
o
n
s o
f
al
l
part
i
c
l
e
s c
onve
rge
t
o
the
same
se
t of
va
lue
s
t
h
e
me
th
o
d
i
s
a
ssu
me
d
t
o
ha
ve
co
n
v
er
ge
d el
se
i
n
c
r
e
m
e
n
t
t
h
e i
t
e
ra
ti
on
nu
mb
e
r
a
nd e
v
al
uat
e
step 5.
5.
RE
S
U
LT
S
A
N
D
DI
SC
US
S
I
ON
Fi
gu
re
1.
s
h
o
w
s t
h
e
El
e
v
en
l
e
ve
l c
a
sca
d
e
d
m
u
lt
i
-
l
e
ve
l i
nve
r
t
e
r
fe
d i
n
duc
ti
o
n
mac
h
i
n
e
w
i
t
h
s
o
la
r
MP
P
T
.
Fi
gu
re
2.
s
h
ows t
h
e
Con
v
er
ge
nce
of P
S
O
t
e
c
hni
que
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
show
s
t
h
e
S
p
e
e
d
cu
r
v
e
o
f
P
S
O
-
P
I
co
n
t
ro
l
l
e
d
w
i
t
h
11
-l
ev
e
l
,9-
l
ev
el
a
n
d
3-l
e
v
e
l v
e
c
t
or
con
t
rol.
PSO
-P
I co
n
t
r
o
lle
r pu
lls
th
e se
ttl
in
g
ti
me
f
a
st
er
co
mp
ar
ed
t
o
PI c
o
n
t
ro
ll
er
. t
h
e P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
l
l
e
r
se
tt
les
in
0
.
3
3
4
sec
wh
ere
as
PS
O-PI co
n
t
rol
l
er
se
ttl
es t
h
e
s
p
eed
i
n
0.
32
5
s
e
cs f
o
r
1
1
-
l
e
v
el
. A
nd Fi
gu
re 4.
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
t
o
r
q
u
e
c
u
rve
of
PS
O base
d
P
I
c
o
ntr
o
ll
er
vec
t
o
r
cont
rol
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
5.
s
h
ow
s t
h
e
s
p
e
e
d
c
u
r
v
e
of
P
I
c
o
nt
r
o
ll
e
r-ba
s
e
d
vect
or
co
nt
r
o
l
Fi
g
u
r
e
6.
s
h
o
w
s t
h
e
t
o
r
q
ue
c
u
rve
of
P
I
c
ont
r
o
ll
er
-bas
e
d
ve
ct
o
r
c
o
nt
r
o
l
.
I
t
ca
n
be
se
en t
h
at
t
h
e
PS
O-P
I
pe
r
f
o
r
m
s
fast
er
a
n
d
wi
th l
e
ss
ri
ppl
e
i
n
t
o
r
q
ue
c
o
mpa
r
e
d
to
P
I
c
o
nt
rol
l
e
r
.
T
h
e
Spee
d
re
s
pons
e
of
P
I
an
d
P
S
O
-
P
I
c
ont
r
o
l
l
e
d
vec
t
or
-co
n
t
r
ol
l
e
d d
r
i
v
e
,
Mot
o
r
sp
e
c
if
ic
a
tion
,
P
S
O A
l
g
o
r
ithm
p
a
r
a
me
ter
s
ar
e sh
own
in
Tab
l
e
1-3
r
e
sp
e
c
t
iv
e
l
y
.
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
El
eve
n
l
e
ve
l c
a
s
c
a
de
d m
u
lt
i
-
l
e
vel
i
nve
rt
er
fe
d
in
du
c
tio
n
ma
ch
in
e w
ith
so
la
r M
a
x
i
mu
m Pow
e
rPo
i
n
t
Trac
ki
ng
(
M
P
P
T
)
Fi
gu
re
2.
C
onv
e
r
ge
nc
e
o
f
P
S
O
t
ech
ni
q
u
e
F
i
gur
e
3.
S
p
ee
d c
u
r
v
e
of
P
S
O
base
d
PI
c
o
nt
r
o
l
l
e
r
ve
ct
o
r
c
ontr
o
l
F
i
gu
re
4.
t
o
r
q
u
e
cu
rve
s
o
f
PS
O ba
se
d
P
I
c
o
n
t
r
o
ll
e
r
ve
ct
o
r
c
ont
r
o
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
: 2
088
-86
94
I
n
t J
P
o
w
El
ec
&
D
r
i S
y
st
,
V
o
l
.
11,
N
o
.
2,
J
u
ne
20
2
0
:
8
27
– 83
2
83
0
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
.
Sp
eed
cu
rv
e o
f
PI
co
n
t
r
o
lle
r-b
a
s
ed v
e
c
t
or
cont
rol
F
i
gu
r
e
6.
t
o
r
q
u
e
cu
r
v
e
o
f
P
I
c
ont
r
o
ll
er
ve
ct
o
r
c
ontr
o
l
Tab
l
e 1
.
Sp
e
e
d r
e
sp
on
se of
P
I
a
n
d
P
S
O-
P
I
c
o
ntr
o
ll
e
d
v
e
c
t
or
-c
o
n
t
r
ol
l
e
d dr
i
v
e
P
I
PS
O
-
PI
Ris
e
T
i
m
e
(s
e
c
)
0.
2560
9
0.
2492
8
Se
ttlin
g
T
i
me
(
s
e
c
)
0.
3342
1
0.
3250
2
S
e
tt
lin
g
Min (ra
d/se
c)
93.
106
90.
564
Se
ttlin
g
Ma
x (
r
ad/sec
)
105.
38
100.
65
O
v
er
shoot in %
186.
93
2.
114
U
nder
s
hoot in %
5.
0487
5.
1904
Pea
k
(r
a
d
/sec)
105.
38
100.
65
Pe
ak T
i
m
e
in se
c
0.
4106
4
1.
5337
Tabl
e 2. M
o
to
r
spec
ific
at
i
o
n
Mo
t
o
r p
a
ra
met
e
r
s
s
p
ec
ific
at
ions Value
s
N
o
m
i
na
l powe
r
(
VA)
3730
0
vol
tage
(li
n
e-
line
)
(
V
rm
s)
460
f
r
e
quenc
y
(Hz)
50
Sta
t
or r
e
s
i
stanc
e
(
o
hm
)
0.
087
S
t
ator
induc
tanc
e (H)
8.
00E
-
04
Rotor
r
e
sist
anc
e
(
o
hm
)
0.
228
Rotor
inducta
nce
(H
)
8.
00E
-
04
Mutual
inducta
nce
L
m
(H)
3.
47E
-
02
I
n
er
tia
(
kg.m
^
2)
1.
662
f
r
i
cti
on factor
(N.m
.
s
)
0.
1
p
ole pa
ir
s
2
Tab
l
e
3
.
PSO A
l
go
r
i
thm
pa
ra
met
e
r
s
P
S
O
algor
ithm
spec
if
ica
tions Va
lue
s
ra
n
g
e m
i
n
0
ra
n
g
e
m
a
x
550
swar
m siz
e
2
N
u
m
b
er
of
va
r
i
abl
e
s
2
i
t
er
at
ion 10
iner
tia
w
e
ight
0.
1
ac
ce
lera
tion fa
ct
or
s
2
6.
CO
NCL
US
IO
N
Th
e 11-
lev
e
l ca
sca
d
ed
mu
lt
i-lev
e
l i
n
v
e
r
t
er fe
d v
e
cto
r
co
n
t
ro
l
o
f
i
n
du
c
t
i
on mo
tor w
ith
min
i
m
i
z
a
ti
on
o
f
t
o
rq
u
e
r
i
pp
l
e
a
n
d
min
i
miza
tio
n
of
se
ttli
n
g
tim
e in
s
p
eed
w
ith
M
P
S
O
t
u
n
e
d
P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
l
l
e
r
is
don
e
w
i
t
h
M
A
TLA
B simu
la
ti
o
n
.
Th
e sy
ste
m
se
tt
lin
g
time
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
by
.01
se
c
s
a
n
d
sur
p
r
i
si
ng
ly
t
h
e ri
se
tim
e i
s
i
m
pr
o
v
ed
wi
th
,
o
v
e
r
sh
o
o
t
of
2.
11%
,
re
duc
ed
fr
om
1
8
7
%
c
o
mpa
r
ed
t
o
P
I
a
n
d P
S
O
-P
I
.
A
n
d t
h
e
5 r
a
d/
se
cs
sp
e
e
d
er
ro
r i
n
P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
l
l
er
is ov
er
c
o
m
e
i
n
P
S
O
-
PI
con
t
r
o
l. Th
e
P
S
O
-
PI
con
t
ro
l
w
i
th
11
-
l
ev
el
mu
ltil
ev
e
l
i
nve
r
t
e
r
s
c
a
u
se
s imp
r
o
v
eme
n
t
in t
o
r
que
r
i
ppl
e re
duct
i
o
n
.
RE
FE
RE
NC
ES
[1]
Ch
arles B
a
by
T,
S
a
bah
Y
S
an
d
Krish
n
a P
r
abhak
a
r lal,
“M
u
l
t
i
l
e
v
e
l
in
ver
t
er
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
cti
o
n
mo
to
r
d
r
iv
e f
o
r
p
u
mp
in
g
applicat
io
n,”
IE
EE In
tern
atio
na
l
Con
f
er
en
ce
o
n
T
ech
no
log
i
ca
l
A
d
va
ncemen
ts
in
Po
wer &
En
er
gy
, pp
.
85
-92
,
20
15
.
[2]
S
a
n
j
ay
a K
u
m
a
r
Sah
u
, T. V. Dix
i
t
and
D.D
.
Nee
m
a,
“P
artic
le
sw
arm
op
ti
miz
e
d
f
u
zzy
con
t
roller
f
o
r in
d
i
re
ct ve
cto
r
control
o
f
mu
ltil
e
v
el
in
ver
t
er
fed
indu
ction
mo
to
r,
”
N
e
ur
al a
n
d
E
v
olution
a
r
y
Co
m
p
u
t
ing
, v
o
l
. 1
1
, no
.
4,
pp
, 7
7
-8
5,
ju
ly 20
14
, IJ
C
S
I
[3]
A.
El
n
a
dy,
A. Adam, “Multil
ev
el
inver
t
er
oper
ated by vol
t
age
ori
e
nt
ati
o
n
c
o
ntrol
,
”
5t
h Internation
a
l
Con
f
er
en
ce
o
n
E
l
e
c
t
ron
i
c De
vice
s,
Sy
ste
m
s a
n
d
Ap
pl
ic
at
io
ns
(
I
CEDSA
)
,
p
p
.
1-4
,
20
16
[4]
Gi
rib
a
b
u
.
D
, R.
Ha
rsha
Va
rdh
a
n, “
M
u
l
t
i
l
e
vel
inve
rt
e
r
fe
d
i
n
d
i
rec
t
ve
c
t
o
r
c
o
n
t
rol o
f
in
du
c
tio
n m
o
to
r
u
s
in
g ty
pe
2
fuzzy log
i
c
co
ntrolle
r
,”
Intern
atio
nal Conf
ere
n
ce
o
n
Ele
c
tr
ica
l
,
El
ec
t
r
o
n
ic
s, an
d Op
ti
mi
zat
i
o
n
Te
c
hniq
u
e
s
(IC
EE
O
T
)
,
p
p
.
2
6
0
5
-2
61
0, 20
16
.
[5]
Ah
m
e
d
A
.
Za
ki
Di
a
b
,
S. A
.
Selim
a
n
d
Ba
s
e
m
E.
E
l
na
g
h
i
,
“P
ar
tic
l
e s
w
arm
o
p
t
i
miz
a
tio
n
-b
as
ed
vecto
r
co
n
t
ro
l
o
f
perman
en
t m
a
g
n
e
t sy
nch
r
ono
us
motor
driv
e”
,
IEE
E
NW
Ru
ssia
Y
o
u
n
g
R
e
se
arche
rs i
n
E
l
ec
t
r
i
c
al
an
d
E
l
e
c
t
ro
nic
E
n
gi
nee
r
in
g Conf
e
r
e
n
ce
(E
IConR
usNW)
,
pp.
740-7
4
6
,
20
16
.
[6]
D
o
n
g
H
w
a K
i
m
,
“GA–
P
S
O
b
a
se
d
ve
ctor
co
nt
rol
of ind
i
rec
t
th
re
e
ph
ase
ind
u
ct
ion
mo
tor,
” Ap
pl
ied
S
o
ft Comp
uting
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
p
p
. 60
1
–611
,
2
0
0
7
.
[7]
Bhola J
h
a,
et a
l
,
“
PSO-b
a
s
e
d
o
n
l
i
n
e
v
e
c
t
or-c
ont
rol
l
e
d
i
n
duc
tion
m
o
to
r d
r
i
v
es,
”
In
tern
atio
na
l Conf
eren
c
e
o
n
Electrica
l, Electr
o
n
i
cs
, a
n
d
Op
timi
z
a
t
i
o
n
Te
c
hniqu
e
s
(ICE
E
OT)
,
pp.
22
34
-223
9
.
20
16
[8]
Sa
a
d
Me
k
h
i
l
e
f
,
a
n
d
Mo
h
a
m
a
d N.
Ab
du
l
Ka
di
r, “
V
ol
ta
ge
c
o
ntro
l
of
th
ree
-
sta
g
e h
y
b
ri
d
m
u
lti
le
v
e
l
i
nve
rt
e
r
u
s
i
ng
v
e
c
t
or tra
n
sforma
ti
on,”
IEE
E
T
r
ans
actio
n
s
on
Po
wer Electro
nics
,
vo
l.
25,
no.
1
0
,
pp.
25
99
-26
0
6
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
1
0
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J Po
w El
ec
&
Dr
i
S
y
st
IS
SN:
208
8-8
6
9
4
Mul
t
i
-O
bje
c
t
i
ve sol
u
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
P
S
O
al
g
o
ri
t
h
m
f
o
r m
i
ni
mi
zati
on
of
t
o
r
que
rippl
e
a
n
d
…
(
Shas
hi
bh
usha
n
G)
8
31
[9]
Jo
sé Rod
r
íg
uez, Luis M
o
rán
,
P
a
blo Corre
a,
an
d Cesar S
i
lv
a
,
“A vector
co
ntro
l te
chn
i
qu
e
for
mediu
m
-vo
l
t
a
g
e
mu
lti
lev
e
l i
n
v
e
r
t
er
s,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
an
sact
io
ns
on
I
n
d
u
s
tr
ia
l E
l
ec
tr
on
ic
s
,
vo
l
.
4
9
,
no
. 4
,
pp
.
8
8
2
-
8
88,
Aug.
20
02
.
[10]
V. Naum
a
n
en J.
Korhonen
P. Sil
v
e
n
t
o
i
n
e
n
J. Py
rho
̈
nen,
“M
itig
a
tio
n
of
h
i
g
h
du
/dt
-
origina
t
ed
moto
r overv
ol
tag
e
s
in
mu
lti
lev
e
l i
n
v
e
r
t
er
d
r
iv
es
,”
,
IET P
o
wer
E
l
ectronics,
vo
l.
3, n
o
.
5
,
pp
.
68
1-6
89,
Sep 2
0
1
0
.
[11]
A. Chitr
a
, S
.
Hi
mava
th
i,
“R
edu
ced sw
itch
mu
lt
ilev
el
in
vert
er
f
o
r
p
e
rfo
r
m
a
nc
e
enhan
c
emen
t of
in
du
c
t
ion
moto
r
d
r
ive wi
th in
te
ll
i
g
ent
r
o
t
o
r
r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
ce
es
ti
m
a
to
r
,
”
I
E
T
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tr
oni
cs,
v
o
l
.
8, no
.
1
2
, p
p
. 24
44
-2
4
5
3,
20
1
5
.
[12]
Yu
sh
an
Liu
,
B
a
oming
Ge,
H
a
ith
am
A
b
u
-
Rub,
“M
o
d
ellin
g
an
d
co
ntro
lle
r
d
e
sign
o
f
q
u
as
i-Z-
s
o
u
r
ce
cas
cad
ed
m
u
l
t
i
l
e
vel
i
nve
rte
r-ba
s
e
d
th
re
e
-
pha
se
g
r
id
-ti
e
p
hot
ov
ol
tai
c
p
o
we
r sy
st
e
m
,
”
I
E
T
Re
n
e
wable
Power
G
e
ner
a
tion
, vo
l.
8,
no.
8
,
pp.
9
2
5
-9
36
,
2
0
1
4
.
[13]
M
.
R. Baiju, K.
G
o
p
a
kumar,
K
.
K. M
o
hap
a
tra
,
V.T. S
o
masek
h
a
r and
L. Um
ana
n
d,
“F
iv
e-
lev
e
l
in
verter
vo
lt
age-
sp
a
c
e
ph
a
s
o
r
gen
e
ra
ti
on
fo
r a
n
o
p
e
n
-
e
nd
win
d
i
n
g
in
du
cti
o
n
m
o
t
o
r dri
v
e,”
IEE Proc.
-
Elect
r
.
Power
A
p
pl
.
,
vol
. 15
0
,
no
.
5,
pp.
5
3
1
-
538
,
2
0
0
3
.
[14]
Jo
se Ro
drígu
ez,
Jo
rge P
o
ntt,
Nor
b
ert
Beck
er, and
A
l
ejan
dr
o
We
in
s
t
ein
,
“R
eg
ene
r
a
t
ive
d
r
iv
es in
the
meg
a
wat
t
r
a
n
g
e
fo
r high
-per
for
m
an
ce
do
wnh
i
l
l
b
e
lt
con
v
ey
ors
,
”
IEEE
Tr
an
sa
ctions
o
n
In
du
str
y
App
l
ica
t
ion
s
,
vo
l.
38,
n
o
.
1
,
pp.
20
3
-
21
0,
20
02.
[15]
Am
a
r
e
n
draE
dp
uga
n
t
i
&
Aksha
y
K.
Ra
th
ore,
“
A
Su
rve
y
o
f
Lo
w-
Swi
t
c
h
in
g
Fre
que
n
c
y Mo
d
u
l
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
hniq
u
e
s
for
M
e
dium-V
oltag
e
Mu
lt
ilev
el Con
v
e
rters
,
”
I
A
CC,
v
o
l
.
5
1
,
n
o
.
5
,
pp.
4
2
1
2
-
42
28,
2015
.
[16]
R. G
u
ru
pras
ath,
R. D
h
ivya
,
“C
om
p
a
rision
b
e
t
w
eeen
sy
mme
tric
& n
e
w
mod
e
l
a
s
ymme
tric
Z
-
sou
r
ce
casc
a
d
e
d
mu
lti
lev
e
l
inv
e
r
t
er
fed
I
M
f
o
r
S
e
le
ct
iv
e har
m
o
n
i
c
min
i
mi
zat
i
o
n
&
TH
D r
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
P
V
cel
l
i
n
p
u
t
,
”
ICEETS
20
1
3
,
Pp. 13
47
-1
35
3,
20
1
3
.
[17]
Nupur Mi
tt
al, Bindeshwar
Si
ngh,
S.
P Si
ngh, R
a
hul Dixi
t
,
and
Dasharat
h
Kumar
,
“Mult
i
l
e
v
e
l Inver
t
ers:
A Lite
rature
Sur
v
e
y
on
T
opol
o
g
i
e
s a
n
d
Co
n
t
ro
l
Strat
e
g
i
e
s
”,
2
0
1
2
2n
d Int
e
rn
atio
nal Con
f
eren
ce on
Pow
e
r,
Co
ntro
l an
d
Emb
e
dd
e
d
Sy
st
ems
,
pp
. 1
-
11,
20
12.
[18]
RamuluChinthamal
l
a
, K.
Shiv
aji Gan
e
sh
an
d
S
a
ch
in
J
a
in
, “An
o
p
t
imal
and
effic
i
en
t p
v
s
y
s
t
em
u
s
in
g two
2-lev
e
l
cas
c
a
d
e
d
3-
lev
e
l inv
e
r
t
er
fo
r
cen
t
r
ifug
al
pump
,
”
2
014
IEEE
In
tern
a
t
ion
a
l
Con
f
eren
ce on
Pow
e
r
Ele
ctro
nics,
Drives
a
nd En
ergy
Syst
ems
(PEDES)
,
p
p
.
1-6
,
20
14
.
[19]
B. H
o
u
sseini
,
R.
Begu
en
ane
,
F.
A. Ok
ou
, M
.
A
.
Tank
ari, “A
dv
an
ced
multil
e
vel
c
o
n
t
rol
s
t
rateg
y
fo
r ind
u
c
tion
mo
t
o
r
dri
v
e
:
Uti
liz
a
t
i
on o
f
PV-b
a
t
t
e
ry st
a
n
d
a
lo
ne
sy
st
e
m
a
n
d
to
ta
l h
a
rm
on
ic
dist
ort
i
on a
n
a
l
y
s
is”,
20
1
2
In
ter
natio
na
l
Symposium on Power Electro
nic
s
,
El
ec
t
r
i
c
a
l
Drive
s
,
A
u
to
ma
ti
on a
n
d
M
o
t
i
on,
pp
. 2
3
1
-2
36
, 2
012
.
[20]
B
a
il
u
Xi
ao
,
Li
ju
n
H
a
ng
, J
u
n
M
e
i
,
C
a
m
e
r
o
n
R
i
ley
,
L
e
on
M
.
To
lb
er
t
,
B
u
r
a
kO
zpi
n
e
c
i,
“M
od
ul
ar
C
a
scad
ed
H-
B
r
id
g
e
M
u
ltilev
el P
V
I
n
v
e
rter
with
Dis
t
ribu
ted
M
P
P
T
f
o
r
G
r
id
-Conn
e
c
ted
A
p
p
l
i
catio
ns
,”
IEEE Transactions on Industry
Applica
t
ion
s
,
vo
l. 5
1
,
no
.
2
,
pp
. 1
722
-17
3
1
,
M
a
r
c
h-Ap
ril 20
15
.
[21]
V
.
T. So
m
a
se
k
h
a
r
,
K
.
Go
pa
k
u
m
a
r
, M
.
R
.
Ba
i
j
u, Kr
i
s
hn
a
K.
M
o
h
a
patr
a, and L. Uman
and
,
“A M
u
ltilev
el
In
v
e
r
t
er
S
y
stem for
an
In
d
u
ction
M
o
tor w
i
th Op
e
n
-
E
n
d
W
i
n
d
ing,
”
I
E
EE T
r
an
sactio
ns
on
I
n
dus
tr
ia
l E
l
ec
tro
n
ics
,
vo
l.
52
, n
o
.
3,
pp.
82
4-8
36,
Jun
e
20
05
.
[22]
Ana
n
da
rup
Da
s, K. Si
v
a
ku
m
a
r,
Rij
i
l
R
a
m
c
h
a
n
d
,
Ch
in
ta
n
Pa
te
l
a
n
d
K.
Gop
a
ku
m
a
r,
“
A
Com
b
i
n
a
t
io
n
of He
xa
go
na
l
an
d 1
2
-S
ided
P
o
ly
go
nal Vo
ltage
S
p
ace Ve
ctor P
W
M
Control fo
r
IM
Drives
Us
in
g Cas
caded
Tw
o
-
Lev
e
l In
ver
t
ers
,
”
IEEE
T
r
an
sa
ctio
ns
o
n
In
du
str
i
a
l
Ele
c
tro
n
ics,
v
o
l
.
5
6
,
n
o
.
5,
pp
.
16
57
-166
4,
M
a
y
2
0
0
9
.
[23]
K.
S
i
vakumar, Anandaru
p Das, Ri
jilRa
m
chand
,
Chint
a
n
Patel
and K.
Gopaku
mar,
“A
Hybrid Mult
il
ev
el
Inver
t
er
Topo
lo
gy
fo
r an
Op
e
n
-En
d
Wind
ing
In
duct
i
o
n
-M
otor Drive
U
s
ing
Tw
o-Leve
l Inv
e
rters in
S
e
ries
w
i
th
a Cap
acitor-
F
e
d H-Brid
ge
Cell,
”
IEEE T
r
a
n
s
a
ctio
ns
on
In
dustrial Ele
c
tr
onics
,
vo
l.
57
,
no
.
1
1
,
pp.
37
07
-371
4
,
No
v. 2
0
1
0
.
[24]
Jav
i
er Ch
a
v
arría
,
Do
min
go
B
i
el,
F
r
ances
cGuinjo
a
n, Car
l
o
s
M
eza
,
and
Ju
an J
.
N
e
g
r
on
i,
“En
e
rgy
-
Ba
lanc
e Co
ntro
l
of
P
V
Cas
c
a
d
ed
M
u
ltilev
el Grid
-Con
nect
ed Inv
e
rters U
nder
L
e
vel-S
h
if
ted
an
d P
h
ase-S
h
ifted
P
W
M
s
,”
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
ctio
ns on
Ind
u
strial
Elec
t
r
o
n
i
cs,
v
o
l
.
6
0
, no.
1
,
pp.
9
8
-
11
1
,
Ja
n. 20
13
.
[25]
An
ub
ra
ta
D
e
y, P
.
P
.
Ra
jeev
an
,
Ri
jilRa
m
ch
an
d, K. M
a
th
e
w
, an
d K
.
Gop
a
ku
m
a
r,
“A
S
p
ac
e-Vector
-Based
H
y
s
t
er
esis
Cu
rren
t Con
t
ro
ll
er
fo
r
a
Gen
e
r
a
l
n-Leve
l
In
v
e
rter
-F
ed
D
r
iv
e w
i
th
Nearly
Cons
tan
t
S
w
itch
in
g
F
r
eq
uen
c
y Con
t
ro
l,”
IEEE
T
r
an
sa
ctio
ns
o
n
In
du
str
i
a
l
Ele
c
tro
n
ics,
v
o
l
.
6
0
,
n
o
.
5,
pp
.
19
89
-199
8,
M
a
y
2
0
1
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Int
J
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o
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Ele
c
& D
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i
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y
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l
.
1
1
,
N
o
.
2, Ju
ne
20
2
0
:
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2
7
–
832
83
2
BIOGRAPHIES
OF AUTH
O
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S
S
h
a
s
hibh
us
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w
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ars exp
e
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ence
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e
m
ics
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curr
ently
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rking
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s
the
Ass
is
tan
t
P
r
ofess
o
r in
S
i
r M
V
IT,
Ban
g
al
ore. He
comp
lete
d hi
s
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fr
om RYME
C,
Bal
l
ari
,
Karnataka,
Ind
i
a in th
e
y
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99
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d
M
.
Te
ch from
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A Co
lleg
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ering
,
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a
,
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d K
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rnat
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i
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ear
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005
. His r
e
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tere
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ud
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tron
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hed 10
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o
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ls
in Po
wer
Electr
o
n
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cs
,
Im
age
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r
ocess
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nic
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tio
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st
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s.
Dr. S
a
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o
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leted
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in
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cs and Commun
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,Hu
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arnatak
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19
95
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.
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e
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h
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stitute
of Te
c
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logy
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urath
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ka
l
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k
a
rn
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t
a
k
a ,
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n
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ia
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n
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9
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r Ph
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n
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09
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ng
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Profe
s
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n
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pe
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C,Bal
l
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at
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dia.S
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o
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e
nt,
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e
P
r
o
cessing
and
Emb
e
dd
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y
ste
m
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.