I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
w
er
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
Sy
s
t
e
m
(
I
J
P
E
DS
)
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
2
8
5
~
1
2
9
4
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
p
ed
s
.
v9
.i
3
.
pp
1
2
8
5
-
1
2
9
4
1285
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
co
r
e.
co
m/jo
u
r
n
a
ls
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/
I
JP
E
DS
Ana
ly
sis
of t
he
Ef
fect o
f
a
n Insta
lla
tion o
f
a
Singl
e
T
uned
Pas
siv
e F
ilter
on
H
a
r
m
o
n
ics a
nd
D
istribution
Tra
nsf
o
r
m
ers
Z
u
lf
a
t
ri
Aini
1
,
Z
a
i
na
l A
hn
ur
2
,
Da
v
id Set
ia
wa
n
3
,
Ah
m
a
d
F
ud
ho
li
4
1,
2
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
Un
iv
e
rsitas
Isla
m
Ne
g
e
ri
S
u
l
tan
S
y
a
rif
Ka
si
m
,
P
e
k
a
n
b
a
ru
Ria
u
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
3
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Lan
c
a
n
g
Ku
n
in
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
4
S
o
lar E
n
e
rg
y
Re
se
a
rc
h
In
stit
u
te,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
,
M
a
la
y
sia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
an
2
3
,
2
0
1
8
R
ev
i
s
ed
J
u
l
3
,
2
0
1
8
A
cc
ep
ted
A
u
g
6
,
2
0
1
8
No
n
-
li
n
e
a
r
lo
a
d
s
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
s
c
a
u
se
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics
a
n
d
lo
ss
e
s
in
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
tran
sf
o
rm
e
rs.
Re
su
lt
s
o
f
th
e
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
ts
o
n
th
e
tw
o
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
tra
n
sf
o
rm
e
rs
sh
o
we
d
se
v
e
ra
l
p
h
a
se
tran
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
tes
t
-
d
riv
e
n
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
(T
DD
)
v
a
lu
e
s
a
b
o
v
e
th
e
sta
n
d
a
r
d
S
P
L
N
D5
.
0
0
4
-
1
:
2
0
1
2
.
T
h
e
v
a
lu
e
s
w
e
re
5
.
5
8
%
in
t
h
e
p
h
a
se
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r,
T
1
a
n
d
5
.
4
8
%
a
n
d
6
.
1
0
%
in
S
a
n
d
T
p
h
a
se
s
o
f
th
e
se
c
o
n
d
tran
sfo
rm
e
r,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
In
th
e
c
a
lcu
latio
n
s,
t
h
e
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
lo
ss
e
s
d
u
e
to
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
c
u
rre
n
ts
w
e
re
1
.
6
4
k
W
in
th
e
p
h
a
se
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
T
1
,
a
n
d
1
.
6
4
k
W
a
n
d
1
.
8
2
k
W
in
th
e
S
a
n
d
T
p
h
a
se
s
o
f
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
2
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
De
si
g
n
in
g
a
sin
g
le
-
tu
n
e
d
p
a
ss
iv
e
f
il
te
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
th
e
c
u
rre
n
t
,
v
o
lt
a
g
e
,
p
o
w
e
r,
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
f
a
c
to
r
i
n
t
h
e
p
h
a
se
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
w
it
h
a
v
a
lu
e
a
b
o
v
e
th
e
T
DD
sta
n
d
a
rd
c
a
n
re
d
u
c
e
th
e
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
a
n
d
l
o
ss
e
s.
A
f
il
ter
with
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
sp
e
c
if
ica
ti
o
n
s
in
e
a
c
h
f
il
tere
d
p
h
a
se
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
w
a
s
o
b
tain
e
d
.
T
h
e
f
il
ter
re
d
u
c
e
d
th
e
T
DD
v
a
lu
e
o
n
t
h
e
p
h
a
se
tran
sf
o
rm
e
r
T
1
to
3
.
5
5
%
a
n
d
t
o
3
.
8
8
%
a
n
d
3
.
4
3
%
o
n
th
e
o
n
p
h
a
se
T
a
n
d
S
p
h
a
se
s
o
f
tran
s
f
o
rm
e
r
2
.
M
o
re
o
v
e
r,
it
re
d
u
c
e
d
t
h
e
lo
ss
e
s
to
0
.
7
3
k
W
o
n
p
h
a
se
tra
n
sf
o
rm
e
r
T
1
,
a
n
d
1
.
0
2
k
W
a
n
d
0
.
9
2
k
W
o
n
th
e
S
a
n
d
T
p
h
a
se
s
o
f
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
r
2
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
P
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
8
In
s
t
it
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
All
rig
h
ts re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Z
u
lf
a
tr
i
A
in
i
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Facu
lt
y
o
f
Sc
ien
ce
a
n
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Un
i
v
er
s
ita
s
I
s
la
m
Neg
er
i S
u
lt
an
S
y
ar
if
Ka
s
i
m
(
UI
N
S
u
s
k
a)
2
8
2
9
3
,
P
ek
an
b
ar
u
R
ia
u
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
E
m
ail:
z
u
l
f
atr
i_
ain
i
@
y
ah
o
o
.
c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
P
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
d
is
t
u
r
b
an
ce
s
,
s
u
ch
as
v
o
lta
g
e
s
a
g
a
n
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
,
h
a
v
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
in
t
h
e
p
ast
f
e
w
d
ec
ad
es.
O
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
ca
u
s
e
d
ec
li
n
e
i
n
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
d
i
s
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
i
s
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
elec
tr
ic
u
tili
ties
t
h
at
ar
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
l
y
lo
ad
ed
.
No
n
-
li
n
ea
r
l
o
ad
ca
u
s
es
t
h
e
e
m
er
g
en
ce
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
o
n
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Har
m
o
n
ic
s
ca
u
s
e
a
d
ev
iatio
n
in
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
c
u
r
r
en
t
o
r
v
o
ltag
e,
w
h
ich
i
s
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
asp
ec
t
in
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
p
o
w
er
[
1
-
5
]
.
Dete
r
m
i
n
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
th
e
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
in
th
e
r
esid
en
ti
al,
co
m
m
er
cia
l
an
d
o
f
f
ice
lo
a
d
s
in
th
e
f
ee
d
er
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
a
n
d
th
e
u
s
ef
u
l
n
es
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
d
u
e
to
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic.
Natu
r
al
m
o
d
ellin
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
th
at
m
o
d
el
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
s
ar
e
No
r
to
n
eq
u
atio
n
s
.
Ha
r
m
o
n
ic
eq
u
atio
n
s
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
eq
u
atio
n
s
m
o
d
el
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
ac
c
u
r
ate
d
ev
ice
s
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
ts
.
A
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
e
ed
o
f
2
0
k
V/4
0
0
V
d
is
tr
ict
to
an
al
y
ze
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
lo
a
d
at
d
is
to
r
tio
n
lev
e
l
an
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
lo
s
s
.
T
h
e
i
n
itia
lizatio
n
m
o
d
el
is
"
b
o
tto
m
-
u
p
"
,
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
No
r
to
n
e
n
d
u
s
er
d
ev
ice
an
d
t
h
en
m
o
d
ell
in
g
r
esid
e
n
tial,
co
m
m
e
r
cial
an
d
o
f
f
ice
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lt
o
f
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
in
t
h
e
Di
s
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
p
o
w
er
b
y
u
p
to
2
0
%
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
c
ep
t
o
f
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
p
o
w
er
r
ed
u
ce
s
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
w
it
h
a
p
o
w
er
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
i
s
tin
g
o
f
a
b
alan
ce
d
an
d
u
n
b
ala
n
ce
d
n
o
n
-
l
in
ea
r
lo
ad
t
y
p
e.
I
m
p
r
o
v
ed
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
u
s
i
n
g
d
u
al
ac
ti
v
e
p
o
w
er
f
il
ter
(
A
P
F
'
s
)
i
n
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
g
e
n
er
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
4
1286
s
ch
e
m
e.
A
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
il
ter
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
co
m
p
e
n
s
a
ted
s
ig
n
al
s
f
o
r
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
eli
m
i
n
atio
n
a
n
d
A
P
F
to
co
m
p
e
n
s
ate
f
o
r
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
t
o
b
e
in
d
u
cted
in
to
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
eli
m
i
n
atio
n
u
n
d
er
b
alan
ce
d
an
d
u
n
b
alan
ce
d
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
P
F
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
u
s
in
g
i
n
s
ta
n
t
P
-
Q
th
eo
r
y
a
n
d
DG
in
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
u
s
in
g
a
s
i
m
p
le
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
w
as
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
an
d
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
w
er
e
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
M
A
T
L
AB
/ SI
MU
L
I
NK
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
[
7
]
.
Dis
tr
ib
u
tio
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
a
d
ev
ice
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
th
at
is
d
ir
ec
tl
y
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
h
ar
m
o
n
ics.
Har
m
o
n
ic
s
in
t
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ti
o
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
in
cr
ea
s
e
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
(
lo
s
s
e
s
)
,
w
h
ic
h
r
ed
u
ce
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
[
8
]
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
ese
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
a
f
ilter
is
i
n
s
tal
led
to
r
ed
u
ce
h
ar
m
o
n
ics.
T
h
e
f
ilter
u
s
ed
is
a
s
in
g
le
-
t
u
n
ed
p
as
s
i
v
e
f
i
lter
.
Si
n
g
le
-
t
u
n
ed
p
ass
i
v
e
f
ilter
s
ar
e
lo
w
-
co
s
t
f
ilter
s
,
w
h
ich
h
elp
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
an
d
co
m
p
e
n
s
ate
t
h
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
ar
e
t
w
o
3
-
p
h
a
s
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
o
f
4
0
0
k
V
A
(
Facu
lt
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
U
n
iv
er
s
it
y
o
f
R
ia
u
)
.
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
1
h
as
a
p
h
ase
(
T
)
w
it
h
a
cu
r
r
en
t h
ar
m
o
n
ic
v
al
u
e
ab
o
v
e
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
.
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
2
h
as t
w
o
p
h
a
s
es,
n
a
m
e
l
y
,
p
h
a
s
es
S a
n
d
T
.
2.
T
H
E
O
R
E
T
I
CA
L
AND
R
E
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
Har
m
o
n
ic
s
is
a
d
is
o
r
d
er
th
at
o
cc
u
r
s
in
p
o
w
er
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
lta
g
e
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
d
is
to
r
tio
n
s
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
d
is
to
r
tio
n
s
ar
e
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
f
w
a
v
e
s
w
it
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
n
te
g
er
m
u
ltip
les o
f
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
r
atio
o
f
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
(
5
0
Hz)
is
an
n
-
o
r
d
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ic,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
as [
1
1
]
:
ℎ
=
ℎ
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
h
is
th
e
o
r
d
er
(
o
r
d
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ics),
f
h
is
t
h
e
n
t
h
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
f
is
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
5
0
Hz)
.
Har
m
o
n
i
c
w
av
e
i
s
th
e
w
av
e
o
f
t
h
e
2
nd
to
th
e
h
-
o
r
d
er
.
T
h
e
w
av
e
w
it
h
a
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
5
0
Hz)
is
n
o
t
a
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
w
a
v
e.
Har
m
o
n
ic
s
ar
is
e
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
A
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
is
an
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
ev
ice
w
it
h
m
a
n
y
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ac
t
as
th
e
s
w
i
tch
t
h
at
w
o
r
k
s
o
f
an
y
w
av
e
c
y
cle
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
i
n
th
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
s
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
(
i)
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
h
ea
t
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
,
w
h
i
ch
d
a
m
a
g
es
t
h
e
in
s
u
latio
n
;
(
ii)
m
al
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
lab
o
r
p
o
w
er
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t,
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
a
n
d
en
er
g
y
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
to
o
ls
;
(
iii)
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
r
atin
g
(
d
er
atin
g
)
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
;
(
iv
)
r
ed
u
ctio
n
i
n
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
t
o
r
;
an
d
(
v
)
s
h
r
i
n
k
ag
e
o
f
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
[
10
].
T
o
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
HD)
is
th
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
r
v
o
lta
g
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
to
t
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t o
r
v
o
lta
g
e
o
n
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
ase,
an
d
is
u
s
u
all
y
ca
lcu
lated
in
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
es [
9
].
=
√
∑
ℎ
2
ℎ
ℎ
>
1
1
×
100%
(
2
)
w
h
er
e
T
HD
is
t
h
e
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
%),
M
h
is
th
e
R
MS
v
a
lu
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t o
r
v
o
l
tag
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
h
(
A
o
r
V)
,
an
d
M
1
is
th
e
R
MS
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
at
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
A
o
r
V)
.
I
n
d
iv
id
u
al
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
I
HD)
is
th
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
in
d
i
v
id
u
a
l
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
to
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t o
r
v
o
ltag
e
[
9
].
=
√
ℎ
2
1
2
×
100%
(
3
)
a
nd
=
√
ℎ
2
1
2
×
100%
(
4
)
w
h
er
e
I
HD
i
is
t
h
e
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
%),
I
HDv
is
th
e
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
v
o
ltag
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
%),
I
sh
is
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
s
o
f
h
(
A
)
,
V
sh
is
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
o
f
h
(
V)
,
I
1
i
s
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l c
u
r
r
en
t (
A
)
,
an
d
V
1
is
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
v
o
lta
g
e
(
A
)
.
So
m
e
an
al
y
s
ts
tr
y
to
a
v
o
id
d
if
f
icu
lties
b
y
f
i
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
T
HD
at
th
e
p
ea
k
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
at
h
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
in
s
tan
ta
n
eo
u
s
s
a
m
p
le
at
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
w
h
ic
h
is
ca
lled
th
e
to
tal
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
e
E
ffect
o
f a
n
I
n
s
ta
lla
tio
n
o
f a
S
in
g
le
Tu
n
ed
P
a
s
s
ive
F
ilte
r
…
(
Zu
lfa
tr
i A
in
i
)
1287
d
em
a
n
d
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
DD)
.
T
DD
is
in
clu
d
ed
in
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
I
E
E
E
5
1
9
-
1
9
9
2
,
in
th
e
“
R
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
P
r
ac
tices
an
d
R
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
f
o
r
Har
m
o
n
ic
C
o
n
tr
o
l
in
E
lectr
ical
P
o
w
er
S
y
s
te
m
”
an
d
SP
L
N
D5
.
0
0
4
-
1
:
2
0
1
2
.
T
h
e
T
DD
v
alu
e
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
as [
9
]:
=
√
∑
ℎ
2
ℎ
ℎ
=
2
×
100%
(
5
)
w
h
er
e
I
h
i
s
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
t
o
r
d
er
,
I
L
is
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
at
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
at
th
e
p
o
in
t o
f
co
m
m
o
n
co
u
p
li
n
g
(
PC
C
)
.
I
L
ca
n
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
i
n
t
w
o
w
a
y
s
.
F
ir
s
t,
t
h
e
b
u
r
d
en
th
a
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
i
n
s
ta
lled
i
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
d
eter
m
in
ed
,
an
d
t
h
en
t
h
e
a
v
er
ag
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
t
w
el
v
e
m
o
n
t
h
s
is
ca
lcu
lated
.
Seco
n
d
,
I
L
i
s
e
s
ti
m
ated
i
n
t
h
e
n
e
w
s
y
s
te
m
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile
t
h
at
w
i
ll
b
e
in
s
tal
led
.
T
h
e
I
L
v
alu
e
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
eq
u
atio
n
[
12
]:
=
√
3
(
A
)
(
6
)
w
h
er
e
kW
is
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
p
o
wer
d
em
a
n
d
,
PF
is
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
,
an
d
kV
is
th
e
li
n
e
to
lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
a
t
P
C
C
.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it a
t th
e
P
C
C
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
a
tio
n
[
9
]:
=
1000
×
√
3
(
A
)
(
7
)
w
h
er
e
MVA
an
d
kV
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
in
th
e
m
eg
a
v
o
lt
a
m
p
er
e
an
d
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
lin
e
-
to
-
l
in
e
at
P
C
C
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
l
y
.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
t
h
at
a
f
f
ec
t
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
th
e
p
o
w
er
lo
s
s
(
lo
s
s
es).
L
o
s
s
e
s
m
a
y
ar
i
s
e
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
co
p
p
er
lo
s
s
es
in
th
e
d
is
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
ca
n
b
e
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
as f
o
llo
w
s
[
9
]:
=
∑
ℎ
2
ℎ
ℎ
=
1
(
8
)
w
h
er
e
is
t
h
e
co
p
p
er
lo
s
s
es (
p
u
)
,
h
is
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
o
r
d
er
(
p
u
)
,
an
d
I
h
is
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t o
r
d
er
(
A
)
.
I
n
cr
ea
s
ed
ir
o
n
lo
s
s
es
i
n
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
f
o
llo
w
s
[
9
]:
=
(
∑
ℎ
2
ℎ
2
ℎ
ℎ
)
.
−
(
9
)
P
_
e=
(
∑_
h
^(
h
_
m
ax
)
▒
〖〖
I
_
h
〗
^(
2
)
x
h
^2
〗
)
.
P
_
(
E
C
-
R)
=
+
(
⍵
−
1
⍵
)
(
1
0
)
w
h
er
e
Z
is
t
h
e
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
n
g
le
-
tu
n
ed
f
il
ter
(
Ω
)
,
R
is
th
e
r
esi
s
ta
n
ce
(
Ω
)
,
L
is
th
e
i
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
(
H)
,
an
d
C
is
th
e
ca
p
ac
ita
n
ce
(
F).
T
h
e
s
tag
es i
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
ar
e
as sh
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
4
1288
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t r
esear
ch
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
r
atio
o
f
I
sc
/ I
L
o
n
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
w
as e
q
u
al
to
8
.
2
1
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
b
ased
o
n
SP
L
N
D5
.
0
0
4
-
1
: 2
0
1
2
,
I
sc
/I
L
=
<
2
0
,
I
sc
/I
L
=
<
2
0
,
T
DD
max
=
5
.
0
%
,
h
<
1
1
=
4
.
0
%
,
1
1
≤
h
≤
1
7
=
2
.
0
%
,
1
7
≤
h
≤
2
3
=
1
.
5
%
,
2
3
≤
h
≤
2
5
=
0
.
6
%
,
an
d
3
5
≤
h
=
0
.
3
%
w
er
e
u
s
ed
as t
h
e
b
asis
o
f
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
e
E
ffect
o
f a
n
I
n
s
ta
lla
tio
n
o
f a
S
in
g
le
Tu
n
ed
P
a
s
s
ive
F
ilte
r
…
(
Zu
lfa
tr
i A
in
i
)
1289
Fil
ter
s
w
er
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
e
lectr
ical
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
ti
cs
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
a
s
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
v
alu
e
th
at
e
x
ce
ed
s
t
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
an
d
t
h
e
t
u
n
ed
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
o
r
d
er
.
I
n
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
p
h
ases
,
w
h
ic
h
h
a
v
e
v
alu
e
s
ab
o
v
e
t
h
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
T
D
D,
w
er
e
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
th
e
p
h
ase
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
,
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
S
p
h
a
s
e
2
,
an
d
p
h
ase
T
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
2
w
it
h
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
o
r
d
er
s
o
f
3
,
5
,
a
n
d
3
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
l
y
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
p
le
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
f
ilter
s
p
ec
if
icati
o
n
o
f
th
e
p
h
a
s
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
tu
n
ed
in
to
t
h
e
3
r
d
o
r
d
e
r
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
1)
Dete
r
m
i
n
e
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
t
h
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
r
eq
u
ir
ed
[
14
].
On
t
h
e
b
as
is
o
f
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
,
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
in
th
e
s
m
alles
t Q
V
A
r
p
h
ase
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
w
as
1
2
.
7
k
V
A
r
.
T
h
e
ex
ac
t
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
i
s
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
to
s
e
ar
ch
f
o
r
th
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t.
pf
1
=
0
.
9
5
8
,
s
o
=
co
s
-
1
0
.
9
5
8
=
16
.
6
6
,
P
=
4
4
.
6
0
k
W
=
(
ta
n
−
ta
n
ℎ
)
(
1
1
)
=
ta
n
−
1
(
44
.
60
t
an
16
.
66
−
12
.
7
44
.
60
)
,
=
0
.
3
0
an
d
pf
2
=
co
s
0
.
3
0
o
=
0
.
9
9
9
T
o
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
v
al
u
es o
f
t
h
e
f
ilter
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
C
[
9
]:
Q
v
ar
=
1
2
,
7
k
V
A
r
,
V
rated
=
2
2
0
V
an
d
f
=
5
0
Hz.
=
2
=
220
2
12
.
7
=
3
.
81
Ω
=
1
(
2
)
(
3
.
14
)
(
50
)
(
3
.
81
)
=
0
.
836
mF
2)
T
o
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
v
al
u
es o
f
t
h
e
f
ilter
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
L
[
9
]
:
h
=
3
–
(
5
%
×
3
)
=
2
.
8
5
=
ℎ
2
=
3
.
81
Ω
2
.
85
2
=
0
.
47
Ω
=
0
,
47
Ω
(
2
)
(
3
.
14
)
(
50
)
=
1
.
49
mH
T
h
e
en
tire
f
ilter
d
esi
g
n
s
p
ec
if
i
ca
tio
n
p
h
ase
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Sp
ec
if
icatio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
Sin
g
le
-
T
u
n
ed
P
ass
i
v
e
Fil
ter
D
esig
n
Ob
j
e
c
t
Pha
se
T
T1
Pha
se
S
T
2
Pha
se
T
T2
T
u
n
e
to
-
o
r
d
e
r
3
5
3
Fi
l
t
e
r
sp
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
Q
VAR
12
.
7
k
V
A
r
17
.
7
k
V
A
r
12
.
1
k
V
A
r
C
0
.
8
3
6
mF
0
.
8
3
6
mF
0
.
8
3
6
mF
X
C
3
.
8
1
Ω
3
.
8
1
Ω
3
.
8
1
Ω
L
1
.
4
9
mH
1
.
4
9
mH
1
.
4
9
mH
X
L
0
.
4
7
Ω
0
.
4
7
Ω
0
.
4
7
Ω
R
5
.
8
7
mΩ
5
.
8
7
mΩ
5
.
8
7
mΩ
T
o
d
eter
m
i
n
e
w
h
eth
er
to
u
s
e
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
f
ilter
o
r
n
o
t,
its
o
b
tain
ed
v
al
u
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
e
m
p
lo
y
m
en
t
li
m
itatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ex
a
m
p
le
ca
lc
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
r
es
tr
icted
f
ilter
w
o
r
k
o
n
p
h
ase
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
1)
An
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
ilter
[
9
]
Fu
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
:
=
|
0
.
47
−
3
.
81
|
=
3
.
34
Ω
Fu
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
c
u
r
r
en
t:
=
223
.
3
3
.
34
Ω
=
66
.
86
w
it
h
V
=
2
2
3
.
3
V
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t r
es
u
lt
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
4
1290
Vo
ltag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
:
=
66
.
86
×
3
.
81
Ω
=
254
.
74
R
ati
n
g
ca
p
ac
ito
r
:
=
254
.
74
×
66
.
86
=
16
.
78
2)
An
al
y
s
i
s
w
o
r
k
o
n
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
i
c
f
ilter
[
9
]
T
o
tal
cu
r
r
en
t h
ar
m
o
n
ic
f
ilter
:
=
0
.
1515
×
13
.
3
220
=
9
.
16
Har
m
o
n
ic
v
o
ltag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
:
ℎ
=
9
.
16
×
3
.
81
Ω
3
=
11
.
63
3)
C
alcu
latio
n
o
f
to
tal
lab
o
r
f
il
ter
[
9
]
R
MS
c
u
r
r
en
t to
tal:
=
√
66
.
86
2
+
9
.
16
2
=
67
.
48
P
ea
k
v
o
ltag
e:
=
254
.
74
+
11
.
63
=
266
.
37
R
MS
v
o
ltag
e:
=
√
254
.
74
2
+
11
.
63
2
=
255
.
00
T
o
tal
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
(
Qc
total
):
Qc
=
67
.
48
×
255
.
00
=
17
.
20
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
all
th
e
p
h
a
s
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
c
an
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
les
2
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
R
e
s
u
l
ts
o
f
th
e
Fil
ter
W
o
r
k
L
i
m
itatio
n
[9
]
W
o
r
k
P
e
a
k
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
R
M
S
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
R
M
S
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
P
o
w
e
r
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
s
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
L
i
mi
t
(
%)
1
2
0
1
1
0
1
8
0
1
3
5
A
c
t
u
a
l
f
i
l
t
e
r
v
a
l
u
e
T
1
P
h
a
se
T
266
.
37
231
255
.
00
231
67
.
48
66
.
86
17
.
20
17
.
03
T
2
P
h
a
se
S
241
.
55
231
234
.
29
231
86
.
83
85
.
78
20
.
34
20
.
09
T
2
P
h
a
se
T
268
.
28
231
254
.
63
231
64
.
53
63
.
56
16
.
43
16
.
16
A
c
t
u
a
l
f
i
l
t
e
r
v
a
l
u
e
(
%)
T
1
P
h
a
se
T
1
1
5
.
3
1
1
1
0
.
38
1
0
0
.
93
1
0
1
.
00
T
2
P
h
a
se
S
1
0
4
.
5
7
1
0
1
.
42
1
0
1
.
22
1
0
1
.
24
T
2
P
h
a
se
T
1
1
6
.
1
4
1
1
0
.
23
1
0
1
.
53
1
0
1
.
67
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
n
o
w
o
r
k
a
m
o
u
n
t e
x
ce
ed
ed
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
et.
T
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
ab
s
o
r
b
e
d
b
y
th
e
f
ilter
r
ed
u
ce
d
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
T
DD
o
n
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
w
h
ic
h
o
w
n
s
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
t
h
at
m
e
asu
r
e
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
.
T
h
e
u
n
f
ilter
ed
c
u
r
r
en
t
T
DD
v
alu
e
w
as
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
d
ir
ec
t
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
u
s
in
g
a
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
a
n
al
y
ze
r
.
T
h
e
f
ilter
ed
T
DD
w
a
s
ca
lc
u
late
d
b
ased
o
n
eq
u
a
tio
n
(
5
)
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t v
al
u
e
af
ter
f
ilt
er
in
g
i
n
-
p
h
ase
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
T
1
is
ca
lcu
lated
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
T
h
e
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
it i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
(
Ω
)
[
9
]:
ℎ
=
×
1000
(
1
2
)
ℎ
=
0
.
4
×
1000
√
3
×
577
.
4
=
0
.
4
Ω
Sh
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it r
ea
cta
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
(
Ω
)
[
9
]
:
ℎ
=
ℎ
=
%
2
(
1
3
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
e
E
ffect
o
f a
n
I
n
s
ta
lla
tio
n
o
f a
S
in
g
le
Tu
n
ed
P
a
s
s
ive
F
ilte
r
…
(
Zu
lfa
tr
i A
in
i
)
1291
ℎ
=
0
.
04
×
400
2
400
=
0
.
016
Ω
S
y
s
te
m
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
i
t r
esis
ta
n
ce
v
alu
e
(
Ω
)
:
ℎ
=
√
ℎ
2
−
ℎ
2
=
√
(
0
.
4
)
2
−
(
0
.
016
)
2
Ω
=
0
.
4Ω
T
o
ca
lcu
late
th
e
f
ilter
ed
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
r
ea
ctan
ce
L
a
n
d
C
in
o
r
d
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
:
T
h
e
r
ea
ctan
ce
L
in
o
r
d
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
-
3
is
ca
lcu
lated
as f
o
llo
ws:
(
3
)
=
3
×
0
.
4
Ω
=
1
.
41Ω
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
C
is
(
3
)
=
3
,
81
Ω
3
=
1
.
27
Ω
T
o
ca
lcu
late
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it r
esi
s
tan
ce
a
n
d
r
ea
ctan
ce
-
3
in
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
o
r
d
er
:
R
esi
s
tan
ce
v
a
lu
e
ℎ
(
1
)
=
ℎ
(
3
)
=
0
.
4
Ω
,
w
h
ile
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
r
ea
ctan
ce
in
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
3
r
d
-
o
r
d
er
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
ℎ
(
3
)
=
3
×
0
.
016
Ω
=
0
.
048Ω
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
Z
s
y
s
te
m
o
n
3
r
d
-
o
r
d
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ics i
s
ca
lcu
lated
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
ℎ
(
3
)
=
√
(
0
.
4
)
2
+
0
.
048
2
Ω
=
0
.
4Ω
C
alcu
late
th
e
to
tal
v
al
u
e
o
f
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
ts
o
f
th
e
3
r
d
f
ilt
er
,
w
it
h
th
e
3
r
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t o
r
d
er
o
f
8
.
4
4
A
:
(
3
)
=
0
.
4
Ω
0
.
4
Ω
+
|
1
.
41
Ω
−
1
.
27
Ω
|
×
8
.
44
=
6
.
25
T
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
ts
o
n
th
e
3
r
d
o
r
d
er
af
ter
th
e
in
s
talla
tio
n
o
f
th
e
f
ilter
is
3
(
)
=
(
8
.
44
−
6
.
25
)
=
2
.
19
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
T
DD
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
o
n
an
o
t
h
er
p
h
ase
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
T
ab
le
3
.
T
ab
les
3
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
Val
u
e
an
d
T
DD
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
B
ef
o
r
e
an
d
Af
ter
th
e
Fil
ter
I
n
s
tallatio
n
Ob
j
e
c
t
Pha
se
T
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
1
Pha
se
S
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
2
Pha
se
T
T
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
2
Tun
e
to
-
o
r
d
e
r
3
5
3
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
(A)
B
e
f
o
r
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
e
d
8
.
44
7
.
34
8
.
75
A
f
t
e
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
e
d
2
.
19
0
.
81
2
.
2
6
T
D
D
(
%)
B
e
f
o
r
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
e
d
5
.
58
5
.
48
6
.
10
A
f
t
e
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
e
d
3
.
5
5
3
.
88
3
.
43
T
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
lo
s
s
es
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
h
ar
m
o
n
i
cs
f
i
lter
i
n
s
talla
tio
n
i
s
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
as
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
lo
s
s
e
s
b
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
in
s
tallatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
ilter
.
T
h
e
lo
s
s
es
w
i
ll
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
f
i
lter
th
at
w
a
s
d
esi
g
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
o
r
d
er
s
d
escr
ib
ed
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
4
1292
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
o
r
d
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ics,
t
h
e
s
i
n
g
le
-
t
u
n
e
d
p
ass
iv
e
f
ilter
m
o
u
n
ted
i
n
p
a
r
allel
also
ab
s
o
r
b
s
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
is
w
il
l
ce
r
tain
l
y
ca
u
s
e
f
i
lter
ass
e
m
b
l
y
lo
s
s
es.
T
h
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
lo
s
s
e
s
r
esu
lti
n
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
s
ta
llatio
n
o
f
f
ilter
s
o
n
p
h
ase
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
is
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
P
o
w
er
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
b
y
th
e
f
il
ter
in
p
h
ase
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
:
=
66
.
86
2
×
0
.
00587
Ω
=
0
.
026
T
h
e
P
v
alu
e
is
th
e
r
es
u
lt
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
u
n
ti
n
g
lo
s
s
es
at
6
6
.
8
6
A
f
ilter
,
a
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
f
lo
w
f
ilt
er
,
an
d
a
5
.
8
7
m
Ω
r
esis
ta
n
ce
v
al
u
e
f
ilter
.
T
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
f
ilter
w
i
th
X
f
u
n
d
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
f
3
.
3
4
Ω
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as f
o
llo
w
s
.
=
66
.
86
2
×
3
.
34
Ω
=
14
.
93
T
h
en
,
=
√
0
.
026
2
+
14
.
93
2
=
14
.
93
T
h
en
,
w
e
o
b
tain
a
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
in
th
e
f
ilter
b
y
=
0
.
026
14
.
93
=
0
.
0017
I
n
t
h
e
f
ilter
p
h
ase
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
,
th
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
1
2
.
7
k
V
A
r
is
th
e
p
o
w
er
ca
p
ac
i
to
r
u
s
ed
to
co
m
p
e
n
s
ate
t
h
e
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
in
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
lo
s
s
es i
n
th
e
f
ilter
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f lo
s
s
es filter
=
(
√
(
14
.
93
−
12
.
70
)
2
+
(
0
.
026
)
2
)
×
(
0
.
0017
)
=
0
.
0038
T
h
e
lo
s
s
es c
au
s
ed
b
y
h
ar
m
o
n
i
c
f
ilter
af
ter
in
s
tallatio
n
i
s
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
S
=
2
×
4
0
0
k
VA
=
8
0
0
k
VA
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
r
th
e
av
er
ag
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
=
0
.
9
2
7
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
(
P
base
)
o
f
th
e
f
ir
s
t p
h
ase
i
s
ca
lcu
lated
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
=
×
√
3
=
800
×
0
.
927
√
3
=
428
.
16
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
o
n
th
e
b
asis
o
f
eq
u
atio
n
s
(
8
)
an
d
(
9
)
,
th
e
lo
s
s
es
i
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
f
il
ter
af
ter
in
s
ta
llatio
n
i
s
:
(
)
=
(
0
.
0007
)
+
(
0
.
0967
)
(
0
.
01
)
=
0
.
0
0
1
7
p
u
(
)
=
×
0
.
0017
pu
=
4
2
8
.
1
6
k
W
×
0
.
0
0
1
7
=
0
.
7
3
k
W
E
ac
h
p
h
ase
o
f
t
h
e
lo
s
s
e
s
i
n
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
T
ab
le
4
.
I
t
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
u
s
i
n
g
o
n
e
s
i
n
g
le
-
tu
n
ed
p
ass
iv
e
f
ilter
i
n
ea
ch
p
h
a
s
e
ca
n
co
n
s
id
er
ab
l
y
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
lo
s
s
es.
T
ab
les
4
.
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
L
o
s
s
e
s
C
au
s
ed
b
y
Har
m
o
n
ics
Ob
j
e
c
t
L
o
ss
e
s
r
e
su
l
t
i
n
g
f
i
l
t
e
r
i
n
st
a
l
l
a
t
i
o
n
L
o
ss
e
s
v
a
l
u
e
B
e
f
o
r
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
e
d
A
f
t
e
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
e
d
P
h
a
se
T
t
r
a
n
sf
o
r
me
r
1
0
.
0
0
3
8
k
W
1
.
6
4
k
W
0
.
7
3
k
W
P
h
a
se
S
t
r
a
n
sf
o
r
me
r
2
0
.
0
0
8
5
k
W
1
.
6
4
k
W
1
.
0
1
k
W
P
h
a
se
T
t
r
a
n
sf
o
r
me
r
2
0
.
0
0
3
7
k
W
1
.
8
2
k
W
0
.
9
0
k
W
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
e
E
ffect
o
f a
n
I
n
s
ta
lla
tio
n
o
f a
S
in
g
le
Tu
n
ed
P
a
s
s
ive
F
ilte
r
…
(
Zu
lfa
tr
i A
in
i
)
1293
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
w
er
e
f
o
r
m
ed
:
1
No
t a
ll p
h
ase
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
h
a
v
e
v
alu
e
s
ab
o
v
e
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
T
DD.
2
I
n
s
talli
n
g
a
f
ilter
o
n
ea
ch
p
h
a
s
e
w
it
h
a
v
al
u
e
o
f
T
DD
o
v
er
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
f
th
e
p
h
a
s
e
to
0
.
9
9
9
.
3
T
h
e
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
o
f
ea
ch
f
ilte
r
o
n
th
e
f
ilter
ed
p
h
ase
d
if
f
er
en
ce
is
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
ea
c
h
f
ilter
ed
p
h
ase.
4
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
lo
s
s
es
ca
u
s
e
d
b
y
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
in
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
p
h
ase
af
ter
th
e
in
s
ta
llatio
n
o
f
th
e
f
ilter
u
n
its
w
as
r
ed
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
1
.
6
4
k
W
to
0
.
7
3
k
W
.
I
n
p
h
as
es
S
a
n
d
T
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
2
,
t
h
e
lo
s
s
es
a
f
ter
th
e
i
n
s
tal
latio
n
o
f
o
n
e
f
ilter
o
n
ea
ch
p
h
ase
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
f
r
o
m
1
.
6
4
k
W
an
d
1
.
8
2
k
W
to
1
.
0
2
k
W
an
d
0
.
9
0
k
W
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
ld
lik
e
to
t
h
a
n
k
t
h
e
UKM
a
n
d
UIN
S
u
sk
a
Ri
a
u
f
o
r
f
u
n
d
in
g
(
GP
-
K0
2
0
4
4
8
)
an
d
(
GGP
-
2017
-
0
4
5
).
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
M
.
F
a
rh
o
o
d
n
e
a
,
e
t
a
l.
“
P
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
i
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
in
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
s
c
o
n
sid
e
rin
g
o
p
ti
m
u
m
D
-
S
TA
T
C
OM
p
lac
e
m
e
n
t
(P
e
n
i
n
g
k
a
tan
Ku
a
li
ti
Ku
a
sa
d
a
la
m
S
iste
m
P
e
n
g
a
g
i
h
a
n
Be
rd
a
sa
rk
a
n
P
e
n
e
m
p
a
tan
D
-
S
TAT
COM
Op
ti
m
u
m
”
.
Ju
rn
a
l
k
e
ju
ru
tera
a
n
2
5
:
1
1
-
1
8
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
]
M
.
F
a
rh
o
o
d
n
e
a
,
e
t
a
l.
“
Op
ti
m
u
m
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
e
r
p
la
c
e
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
u
sin
g
d
isc
re
te
f
ire
f
l
y
a
l
g
o
rit
h
m
”
.
P
ro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
e
W
o
rld
Co
n
g
re
ss
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
2
0
1
3
V
o
l
I
W
CECS
2
0
1
3
,
2
3
-
2
5
Oc
to
b
e
r,
2
0
1
3
,
S
a
n
F
ra
n
c
isc
o
,
USA
.
[3
]
M
.
F
a
rh
o
o
d
n
e
a
,
e
t
a
l.
“
P
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
b
a
se
d
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs
a
n
d
e
lec
t
ric
v
e
h
icle
s
o
n
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
s”
.
P
ro
c
e
d
ia T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
1
1
:
1
1
-
1
7
,
2
0
1
3
.
[4
]
M
.
F
a
rh
o
o
d
n
e
a
,
e
t
a
l.
“
P
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
i
n
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
n
e
tw
o
rk
s”
.
2
0
1
2
I
EE
E
S
tu
d
e
n
t
C
o
n
f
re
n
c
e
o
n
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t:
1
-
6.
[5
]
A
.
Ka
z
e
m
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
e
t
a
l.
“
A
re
v
ie
w
o
f
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
ty
m
o
n
it
o
r
p
lac
e
m
e
n
t
m
e
th
o
d
s
i
n
tran
sm
issio
n
a
n
d
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
s”
.
P
RZE
G
LĄ
D E
L
EK
T
R
OT
ECHNICZNY
R.
8
9
:
1
8
5
-
1
8
8
,
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
M
.
J.
G
h
o
rb
a
n
i
a
n
d
H.
M
o
k
h
tari,
“
I
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
a
n
d
lo
ss
e
s
in
p
o
w
e
r
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
s”
.
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(IJE
CE)
5
(1
)
:
1
6
6
-
1
7
4
,
2
0
1
5
.
[7
]
M
.
J.
G
h
o
rb
a
n
i
a
n
d
H.
M
o
k
h
tari,
“
I
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
a
n
d
l
o
ss
e
s
in
p
o
w
e
r
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
s”
.
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter S
c
ien
c
e
7
(2
):
3
2
2
-
3
3
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[8
]
D.M
.
S
a
i
d
,
d
a
n
K.M
No
e
r.
“
Ef
f
e
c
ts
o
f
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
o
n
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
tran
sf
o
r
m
e
rs”
.
A
u
stra
las
ian
Un
iv
e
rsiti
e
s
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
1
0
7
:
1
-
5
,
2
0
0
8
.
[9
]
Ro
g
e
r
C
Du
g
a
n
,
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
Qu
a
li
ty
.
Ne
w
Yo
rk
:
M
c
G
ra
w
-
Hill
,
2
0
0
4
.
[1
0
]
P
T
.
P
L
N (
P
e
rse
ro
),
B
u
k
u
P
r
o
g
ra
m
M
u
tu
P
ro
d
u
k
.
II
.
Ja
w
a
T
i
m
u
r:
P
T
.
P
L
N (
P
e
rse
ro
)
Distri
b
u
si Ja
w
a
T
i
m
u
r,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
1
]
A
b
d
u
l
Ka
d
ir,
T
ra
n
sf
o
rm
a
to
r.
Ja
k
a
rta:
Un
iv
e
rsitas
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
J A
rril
a
g
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
Ha
r
m
o
n
ics
.
Ne
w
Yo
rk
:
Jo
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
3
]
J.C.
Da
s,
“
P
a
ss
iv
e
F
il
ters
–
P
o
te
n
ti
a
li
ti
e
s
a
n
d
L
im
it
a
ti
o
n
s”
.
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
V
o
l
.
4
0
No
.
1
:
2
3
2
–
2
4
1
,
2
0
0
4
.
[1
4
]
Ha
ri
P
ra
se
ti
jo
,
“
A
n
a
li
sa
P
e
ra
n
c
a
n
g
a
n
F
il
ter
P
a
sif
Un
tu
k
M
e
re
d
a
m
Ha
r
m
o
n
ik
P
a
d
a
In
sta
las
i
Be
b
a
n
No
n
li
n
e
a
r”
.
T
e
c
h
n
o
IS
S
N
1
4
1
0
–
8
6
0
7
Vo
l.
1
3
No
.
1
:
5
7
–
5
6
,
2
0
1
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Z
u
lf
a
tr
i
A
i
n
i,
S.T
.
,
MT
,
o
b
ta
in
ed
h
er
S.
T
(
1
9
9
6
)
in
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
.
Sh
e
h
a
s
w
o
r
k
ed
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
ab
o
u
t
5
y
ea
r
s
(
2
0
0
0
-
2
0
0
5
)
as
L
ec
tu
r
er
at
Sek
o
la
h
T
in
g
g
i
T
ek
n
i
k
P
ad
an
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
an
d
(
2
0
0
6
-
u
n
ti
l
No
w
)
as
L
ec
tu
r
er
at
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
,
Facu
lt
y
o
f
Sain
s
a
n
d
T
ec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
U
n
i
v
er
s
ita
s
Su
ltan
S
y
ar
i
f
Kas
i
m
,
R
ia
u
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
A
i
n
i
s
tar
ted
h
er
m
aster
co
u
r
s
e
in
E
lectr
ical
P
o
w
er
S
y
s
te
m
(
2
0
0
3
-
2
0
0
5
)
at
Un
iv
er
s
it
as
Gad
j
ah
Ma
d
a
(U
GM
)
.
Af
ter
h
er
m
aster
s
h
e
b
ec
a
m
e
at
Se
k
o
l
ah
ti
n
g
g
i
T
ek
n
i
k
P
ad
an
g
a
s
L
ec
t
u
r
er
u
p
to
2
0
0
6
,
an
d
th
en
C
u
r
r
en
t
l
y
i
s
ca
n
d
id
ate
Dr
(
Ph
.
D
)
in
U
n
i
v
er
s
itas
Ne
g
er
i
P
ad
an
g
(
UNP
)
,
P
ad
an
g
.
He
r
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esear
c
h
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
P
o
w
er
S
y
s
te
m
,
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
ic
an
d
E
n
er
g
y
Au
d
it
,
esp
ec
iall
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
4
1294
Z
ai
n
al
Ah
n
u
r
,
ST
,
o
b
tain
ed
S.T
(
2
0
1
6
)
in
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
He
h
as
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
at
No
n
Go
v
er
m
en
t
Oo
r
g
an
izza
ti
o
n
(
NGO
)
.
His
c
u
r
r
en
t
r
esear
c
h
o
cu
s
o
n
E
lek
tr
ical
P
o
w
er
S
y
s
te
m
.
Dav
id
Setia
w
a
n
,
ST
.
,
M
T
.
o
b
tain
ed
S.T
.
(
2
0
0
3
)
in
elec
tr
ical
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
.
He
w
as
w
o
r
k
ed
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
ab
o
u
t
6
y
ea
r
s
(
2
0
0
4
-
2
0
1
0
)
as
ad
j
u
n
ct
lectu
r
er
an
d
p
er
m
a
n
en
t
lectu
r
er
s
i
n
ce
2
0
1
0
u
n
ti
l
n
o
w
at
Un
iv
er
s
it
y
o
f
L
a
n
ca
n
g
Ku
n
in
g
P
ek
a
n
b
ar
u
,
R
iau
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
D.
Setia
w
a
n
s
tar
t
ed
h
is
m
aster
co
u
r
s
e
i
n
e
le
ctr
ical
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
/p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
(
2
0
0
5
-
2
0
0
8
)
at
Sep
u
lu
h
No
p
e
m
b
er
I
n
s
t
itu
te
o
f
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
i,
Su
r
ab
a
y
a,
I
n
d
o
n
es
ia.
His
cu
r
r
en
t
r
esear
ch
f
o
c
u
s
e
s
o
n
r
en
e
w
a
b
le
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
s
A
h
m
a
d
F
u
d
h
o
li
,
P
h
.
D,
M
.
S
c
,
S
.
S
i
o
b
tain
e
d
h
is
S
.
S
i
(2
0
0
2
)
i
n
p
h
y
sic
s.
He
w
a
s
b
o
rn
in
1
9
8
0
i
n
P
e
k
a
n
b
a
ru
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
h
a
s
w
o
rk
in
g
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
a
b
o
u
t
4
y
e
a
r
s
(2
0
0
4
-
2
0
0
8
)
a
s
He
a
d
o
f
P
h
y
sic
s
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
a
t
Ra
b
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
P
e
k
a
n
b
a
ru
,
Riau
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
A
.
F
u
d
h
o
li
sta
rted
h
is
m
a
ste
r
c
o
u
rse
in
E
n
e
rg
y
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(2
0
0
5
-
2
0
0
7
)
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsiti
Ke
b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
la
y
sia
(UK
M
).
His
M
.
S
c
t
h
e
sis
w
a
s
o
n
W
in
d
/P
V
Hy
b
rid
S
y
ste
m
a
n
d
th
e
P
h
.
D
th
e
sis
w
a
s
a
b
o
u
t
th
e
F
in
n
e
d
Do
u
b
le
-
P
a
ss
S
o
lar
Co
ll
e
c
to
rs
f
o
r
Dry
in
g
o
f
S
e
a
we
e
d
.
His
M
.
S
c
a
n
d
P
h
.
D
th
e
sis
u
n
d
e
r
su
p
e
rv
iso
r
b
y
P
r
o
f
Da
to
’
Dr.
Ka
m
a
ru
z
z
a
m
a
n
S
o
p
ia
n
.
A
f
ter
h
is
m
a
ste
r
h
e
b
e
c
a
m
e
Re
s
e
a
rc
h
As
sis
tan
t
a
t
UK
M
u
p
t
o
2
0
1
2
.
Af
ter
h
is
P
h
.
D
(
2
0
1
2
)
i
n
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
,
h
e
b
e
c
a
m
e
P
o
std
o
c
to
ra
l
in
S
o
lar
En
e
rg
y
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
In
stit
u
te
(S
ERI)
UK
M
u
p
to
2
0
1
3
.
He
jo
in
e
d
t
h
e
S
ERI
a
s
a
L
e
c
t
u
re
in
2
0
1
4
.
M
o
re
th
a
n
USD
3
1
0
,
0
0
0
re
se
a
rc
h
g
ra
n
t
(1
5
g
ra
n
t/
p
ro
jec
t)
in
2
0
1
4
–
20
1
7
w
a
s
in
v
o
lv
e
d
.
M
o
re
th
a
n
2
5
M
.
S
c
p
ro
jec
t
su
p
e
rv
ise
d
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
lete
d
.
Un
ti
l
n
o
w
,
h
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
d
to
su
p
e
rv
ise
5
P
h
.
D
(4
m
a
in
su
p
e
rv
iso
rs
a
n
d
1
C
o
.
su
p
e
rv
iso
r)
,
3
M
a
ste
r’s
stu
d
e
n
t
b
y
re
se
a
r
c
h
m
o
d
e
,
a
n
d
5
M
a
ste
r’s
stu
d
e
n
t
b
y
c
o
u
rse
w
o
rk
m
o
d
e
,
h
e
w
a
s a
lso
a
s e
x
a
m
in
e
r
(3
P
h
.
D an
d
1
M
.
S
c
)
.
His c
u
rre
n
t
re
se
a
rc
h
f
o
c
u
se
s
o
n
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
,
e
sp
e
c
iall
y
so
lar
e
n
e
rg
y
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
m
icr
o
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
,
so
lar
d
ry
in
g
s
y
ste
m
s,
a
n
d
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
so
lar
th
e
r
m
a
l
s
y
ste
m
s
(so
lar
a
ss
isted
d
ry
in
g
,
so
lar
h
e
a
t
p
u
m
p
,
P
V
T
s
y
ste
m
s).
He
h
a
s
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
m
o
re
th
a
n
1
2
0
p
e
e
r
-
re
v
ie
w
e
d
p
a
p
e
rs,
w
h
ich
2
5
p
a
p
e
rs
in
I
S
I
in
d
e
x
(2
0
Q1
,
im
p
a
c
t
f
a
c
to
r
m
o
re
th
a
n
3
)
a
n
d
m
o
re
th
a
n
6
0
p
a
p
e
rs
in
S
c
o
p
u
s
i
n
d
e
x
,
1
6
m
o
re
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
c
c
e
p
ted
m
a
n
u
sc
rip
t,
2
0
m
o
re
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
u
n
d
e
r
re
v
ie
w
,
a
n
d
2
b
o
o
k
c
h
a
p
ters
.
A
d
d
it
io
n
,
h
e
h
a
s
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
m
o
re
th
a
n
7
0
p
a
p
e
rs
in
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
s.
His
to
tal
c
it
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
810
a
n
d
h
-
in
d
e
x
o
f
1
4
in
S
c
o
p
u
s
(A
u
th
o
r
I
D:
5
7
1
9
5
4
3
2
4
9
0
)
.
His
to
tal
c
it
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
1
3
8
7
a
n
d
h
-
i
n
d
e
x
o
f
20
in
g
o
o
g
le
sc
h
o
lar
.
He
is
a
p
p
o
i
n
ted
a
s
re
v
ie
we
r
o
f
h
ig
h
im
p
a
c
t
(
Q
1
)
jo
u
r
n
a
l
su
c
h
a
s
Re
n
e
w
a
b
le
a
n
d
S
u
sta
in
a
b
le
E
n
e
rg
y
R
e
v
ie
ws
,
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
v
e
rsio
n
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
A
p
p
li
e
d
E
n
e
rg
y
,
En
e
rg
y
a
n
d
Bu
i
ld
i
n
g
s,
A
p
p
li
e
d
T
h
e
rm
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
E
n
e
rg
y
,
In
d
u
strial
Cro
p
s
a
n
d
P
r
o
d
u
c
ts,
e
tc.
He
is
a
p
p
o
i
n
ted
a
s
re
v
ie
w
e
r
o
f
re
p
u
tatio
n
j
o
u
r
n
a
ls
su
c
h
a
s
D
ry
in
g
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
G
re
e
n
En
e
rg
y
,
Bio
s
y
ste
m
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
u
sta
in
a
b
il
it
y
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
e
rg
y
Eff
icie
n
c
y
,
S
a
in
s
M
a
lay
sia
n
a
,
Ju
rn
a
l
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
e
tc.
He
is
a
lso
a
p
p
o
in
ted
a
s
e
d
it
o
r
jo
u
rn
a
ls.
He
h
a
s
re
c
e
iv
e
d
se
v
e
r
a
l
a
wa
rd
s
su
c
h
a
s
G
o
ld
M
e
d
a
l
Aw
a
rd
a
t
th
e
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Ib
n
A
l
-
Ha
y
th
a
m
’s
A
l
-
M
a
n
a
z
ir
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
In
v
e
n
ti
o
n
Ex
h
ib
it
io
n
2
0
1
1
,
S
il
v
e
r
M
e
d
a
l
Aw
a
rd
a
t
th
e
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
E
XP
O
(IT
EX
)
2
0
1
2
,
S
il
v
e
r
M
e
d
a
l
Aw
a
rd
a
t
th
e
M
a
la
y
sia
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Ex
p
o
(M
T
E
)
2
0
1
3
,
Bro
n
z
e
M
e
d
a
l
A
w
a
rd
a
t
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
Ex
p
o
siti
o
n
o
f
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
In
v
e
n
ti
o
n
(
P
ECI
P
T
A
)
2
0
1
1
,
a
lso
2
Bro
n
z
e
M
e
d
a
l
A
wa
rd
a
t
P
ECI
P
T
A
2
0
1
7
.
He
w
a
s
a
lso
in
v
it
e
d
a
s
sp
e
a
k
e
r:
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
f
ic
Jo
u
rn
a
l
W
rit
in
g
;
W
rit
in
g
S
c
ien
t
if
ic
P
a
p
e
rs
S
tep
s
T
o
wa
rd
s S
u
c
c
e
ss
f
u
l
P
u
b
li
sh
in
Hi
g
h
Im
p
a
c
t
(Q1
)
Jo
u
rn
a
ls.
He
h
a
s
1
p
a
ten
t
a
n
d
2
c
o
p
y
rig
h
ts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.