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a
n
d
s
i
m
p
le
co
m
p
e
n
s
at
io
n
s
tr
ate
g
y
f
o
r
s
e
v
er
al
VQ
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
h
ase
s
y
s
te
m
is
ap
p
lied
to
a
s
er
ies
m
iti
g
atio
n
d
ev
ice
w
h
ic
h
is
a
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
C
o
ck
cr
o
f
t
W
alto
n
Vo
ltag
e
Mu
ltip
lier
C
ir
cu
i
t
(
C
W
VM
)
.
So
m
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
s
ar
e
also
p
r
esen
ted
to
v
alid
ate
t
h
e
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
w
n
th
at
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
r
esp
ec
t
to
a
cr
itical
lo
ad
co
u
ld
b
e
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
.
A
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
en
h
an
ci
n
g
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
n
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
as b
ee
n
d
escr
ib
e
d.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
CIR
CUI
T
M
O
DE
L
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
ex
p
licate
s
h
o
w
th
e
C
o
ck
cr
o
f
t
W
alto
n
Vo
ltag
e
Mu
ltip
lier
C
ir
c
u
it
is
f
o
r
m
u
lated
in
a
r
ec
u
r
s
iv
e
m
an
n
er
to
ex
tr
ac
t
an
d
m
iti
g
ate
th
e
VQ
d
is
t
u
r
b
an
ce
s
in
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
is
s
ec
t
io
n
h
a
s
t
w
o
lev
els
;
t
h
e
le
v
el
I
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
s
ta
g
e
b
y
s
ta
g
e
cir
c
u
it
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
t
o
tr
ac
k
an
d
e
x
tr
ac
t
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
d
is
t
u
r
b
an
ce
s
.
T
h
e
lev
el
I
I
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
ex
p
lai
n
t
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
e
,
an
d
ex
p
lain
s
h
o
w
it
w
o
r
k
s
to
m
iti
g
ate
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
f
lick
er
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
f
o
r
St
ea
d
y
P
o
w
er
S
u
p
p
l
y
S
y
s
te
m
T
h
e
C
W
VM
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
h
a
s
a
lo
w
ca
p
ac
ita
n
ce
co
il
w
it
h
a
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
en
d
g
o
al
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
b
etter
r
esu
lt
s
.
T
h
e
s
er
ie
s
C
W
VM
o
p
er
ates i
n
t
w
o
m
o
d
es.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
m
o
d
e
i
s
c
h
ar
g
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
an
d
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
n
e
is
th
e
d
is
c
h
ar
g
in
g
m
o
d
e.
W
h
e
n
th
e
cir
c
u
it
is
c
h
ar
g
ed
,
o
n
e
p
air
o
f
d
io
d
es
(
e.
g
.
D
1
an
d
D
4
o
r
D
2
an
d
D
3
)
is
o
n
,
s
o
th
e
DC
c
u
r
r
en
t
d
r
iv
es
i
n
s
er
ies
w
it
h
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
C
o
c
k
cr
o
f
t
W
alto
n
Vo
ltag
e
Mu
ltip
l
ier
C
ir
cu
it.
Fo
r
th
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
o
f
d
io
d
es
a
cu
r
r
en
t
li
m
iter
cir
c
u
it
R
,
is
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
in
s
er
ies
w
it
h
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
p
air
o
f
d
io
d
es.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
ze
n
er
d
io
d
e
is
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
b
r
id
g
e
to
m
ai
n
t
ain
th
e
s
tead
y
s
ta
te
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
p
o
lar
is
ed
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
f
o
r
s
m
o
o
t
h
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Af
ter
s
ev
er
al
c
y
cles
th
e,
t
w
o
tr
a
n
s
i
s
to
r
s
Q
1
an
d
Q
2
ar
e
co
u
p
led
in
a
n
t
i
p
ar
allel
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
p
u
ls
atin
g
DC
i.e
.
;
DC
to
AC
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
as
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
w
it
h
th
e
ce
n
tr
e
tap
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
A
t
t
h
is
s
ta
g
e
t
h
e
t
w
o
d
io
d
es
D
11
an
d
D
22
ar
e
lin
k
ed
in
o
p
p
o
s
ite
d
ir
ec
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
o
f
tr
an
s
i
s
to
r
s
Q
1
an
d
Q
2
.
3.
CO
CK
RO
F
T
WAL
T
O
N
V
O
L
AT
G
E
M
UL
T
I
P
L
I
E
R
C
I
RCUI
T
An
o
th
er
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
w
h
ic
h
p
lay
s
a
v
ital
r
o
le
in
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
is
th
e
C
o
c
k
cr
o
f
t
W
alto
n
V
o
ltag
e
M
u
ltip
lier
.
W
h
e
n
t
h
e
ce
n
tr
e
tap
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
i
s
en
er
g
is
ed
o
n
e
ter
m
i
n
al
b
ec
o
m
e
s
p
o
s
itiv
e
w
i
th
r
e
s
p
ec
t
to
o
th
er
ter
m
in
al
at
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
s
id
e,
th
er
ef
o
r
e
th
e
p
o
ten
tia
l
o
f
th
e
c
1
,
c
2
an
d
c
3
j
u
n
ctio
n
p
o
in
t
f
all
s
.
A
l
s
o
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
c
2
an
d
c
4
j
u
n
ctio
n
p
o
in
ts
r
ed
u
ce
s
,
h
e
n
ce
c
2
is
ch
ar
g
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
ad
j
ac
en
t
d
io
d
e.
I
n
th
e
n
e
x
t
h
al
f
c
y
cle
th
e
p
o
ten
t
ial
at
j
u
n
ctio
n
p
o
in
t
o
f
c
3
an
d
c
5
b
ec
o
m
es
m
o
r
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
th
an
p
o
ten
t
ial
at
c
2
an
d
c
4
,
th
u
s
c
3
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
n
e
x
t
ad
j
ac
e
n
t
d
io
d
e.
Fin
all
y
all
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
th
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
i.e
;
c
4
to
c
24
ar
e
ch
ar
g
ed
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
co
lu
m
n
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
co
n
s
is
t
in
g
o
f
c
3
to
c
23
,
k
ee
p
s
o
n
o
s
ci
ll
atin
g
as t
h
e
s
u
p
p
l
y
v
o
ltag
e
alter
n
ates.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
s
c
2
to
c
24
r
em
ai
n
s
co
n
s
tan
t.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
m
u
ltis
tag
e
ar
r
an
g
ed
in
t
h
e
m
a
n
n
er
s
h
o
w
n
in
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
en
ab
les
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
v
o
ltag
e
to
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
.
T
h
e
eq
u
al
s
tr
ess
o
f
t
h
e
ele
m
en
t
s
(
b
o
th
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
an
d
d
io
d
es)
u
s
ed
is
v
er
y
h
e
lp
f
u
l
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
tes
a
m
o
d
u
lar
d
esig
n
o
f
s
u
c
h
v
o
lta
g
e
m
u
l
tip
lier
cir
cu
it.
4.
M
AT
H
E
M
AT
I
CAL M
O
DE
L
L
I
N
G
As
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
in
it
i
all
y
c
u
r
r
en
t
i
s
p
ass
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
r
ec
tif
ier
cir
cu
i
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
cir
cu
it
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
w
o
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
es;
c
h
ar
g
i
n
g
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
m
o
d
es
.
S
u
p
p
ly
Re
c
tifi
e
r
R
Fi
lter
DC
to
AC
Co
n
v
e
r
ti
o
n
C
o
c
k
r
o
f
t
W
a
lto
n
Vo
la
tg
e
M
u
lti
p
li
e
r
L
O
A
D
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
6
:
1
2
7
6
–
1
2
8
2
1278
A
t
f
ir
s
t
d
io
d
e
D
1
an
d
D
4
in
t
h
e
o
n
s
tate.
T
h
en
,
th
e
lo
o
p
is
f
o
r
m
ed
an
d
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
c
an
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
,
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
No
m
e
n
clat
u
r
e
as s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
(
)
(
1
)
(
2
)
Usi
n
g
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
,
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
w
r
i
tten
(
)
(
3
)
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
c
an
b
e
w
r
itte
n
i
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
o
r
m
(
4
)
4
.
1
.
Desired
Va
lue o
f
P
R
Sin
ce
t
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
P
r
f
r
o
m
th
e
q
u
ad
r
atic
eq
u
atio
n
i
s
ti
m
e
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
,
b
y
eq
u
atio
n
(
1
)
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
.
(
)
(
5
)
4
.
2
.
P
re
f
er
re
d Va
lue o
f
N
CWVM
(
6
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
ir
cu
it d
ia
g
r
a
m
f
o
r
s
tead
y
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
NO
M
E
NCLAT
UR
E
:
T
ab
le
1
.
No
m
en
cla
tu
r
e
S
l
N
o
.
D
e
t
a
i
l
s
1.
V
i
nm
i
n
:
M
i
n
i
m
u
m
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
f
o
r
p
r
o
p
e
r
o
u
t
p
u
t
2.
V
i
nm
a
x
:
M
a
x
i
m
u
m a
l
l
o
w
e
d
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
f
o
r
p
r
o
p
e
r
o
u
t
p
u
t
.
3.
V
z
b
r
:
Z
e
n
e
r
b
r
e
a
k
d
o
w
n
v
o
l
t
.
4.
V
i
nput
:
R
a
n
g
e
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
.
5.
V
o
ut
put
:
O
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
.
6.
N
CW
V
M
:
M
u
l
t
i
p
l
y
i
n
g
f
a
c
t
o
r
o
r
N
o
.
o
f
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
i
n
C
W
V
M
7.
P
r:
P
o
w
e
r
r
a
t
i
n
g
o
f
se
r
i
e
s re
si
st
a
n
c
e
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R
1
:
S
e
r
i
e
s re
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o
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t
h
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r
e
c
t
i
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e
r
c
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r
c
u
i
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
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8
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A
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A
p
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a
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1279
5.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
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a
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t.
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h
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s
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m
u
latio
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p
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am
eter
s
ar
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g
iv
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n
i
n
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ab
le
2
.
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h
e
cir
cu
it
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
th
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
i
s
test
e
d
f
o
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d
if
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o
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r
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3
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4
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r
e
5
s
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ig
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ate
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
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h
is
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ap
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n
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ased
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o
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h
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o
f
v
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k
er
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as
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ee
n
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r
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p
o
s
ed
.
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h
e
p
r
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s
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te
m
m
o
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el
h
a
s
a
s
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m
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le
to
p
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o
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llin
g
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c
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it
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n
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s
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e
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io
d
es.
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n
ad
d
itio
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,
it
l
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d
s
to
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w
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ip
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le
an
d
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lt
ag
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d
r
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to
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tio
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.
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h
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m
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s
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f
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f
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te
m
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el.
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n
d
it
s
h
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ld
b
e
n
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ted
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at
th
e
Au
t
h
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h
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h
e
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o
n
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o
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it.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
s
u
g
g
est
ed
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
t
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co
m
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s
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t
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ate
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to
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m
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m
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m
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r
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p
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le
m
s
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ec
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s
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h
m
o
d
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n
g
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n
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ep
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en
tl
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f
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n
p
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t
Vol
t
age
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t
age
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put
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t
age
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e
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r
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t
age
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n
p
u
t
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age
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
A
n
A
p
p
r
o
a
ch
to
V
o
lta
g
e
Q
u
a
li
ty
E
n
h
a
n
ce
me
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t b
y
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n
tr
o
d
u
cti
o
n
o
f CW
V
M fo
r
Di
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
…
(
A
lo
k
K
u
ma
r
S
)
1281
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Po
-
Ch
e
n
Ch
e
n
,
V
u
k
M
a
lb
a
sa
,
Yi
m
a
i
Do
n
g
,
M
lad
e
n
Ke
z
u
n
o
v
ic,
“
S
e
n
siti
v
it
y
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
V
o
lt
a
g
e
S
a
g
Ba
se
d
F
a
u
lt
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o
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a
ti
o
n
w
it
h
Distrib
u
ted
G
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
S
ma
rt Grid
,
2
0
1
5
,
V
OL
.
6
,
NO
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
0
9
8
-
2
1
0
6
.
[2
]
Ch
e
n
,
P
.
C.
,
S
a
lce
d
o
,
R
.
,
Z
h
u
,
Q.,
e
t
a
l.
,
„A
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
v
o
lt
a
g
e
p
ro
f
il
e
p
ro
b
lem
s
d
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e
p
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e
tratio
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o
f
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istri
b
u
ted
g
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n
e
ra
ti
o
n
in
lo
w
-
v
o
lt
a
g
e
se
c
o
n
d
a
r
y
d
istri
b
u
t
io
n
n
e
tw
o
rk
s‟,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r d
e
l
.
,
2
0
1
2
,
2
7
,
(4
)
,
p
p
.
2
0
2
0
–
2
0
2
8
.
[3
]
P
a
rk
,
C.
H.
,
Ho
n
g
,
J.H.,
Ja
n
g
,
G
.
,
„A
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
y
st
e
m
v
o
lt
a
g
e
s
a
g
p
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rf
o
r
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a
n
c
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
c
o
n
c
e
p
t
o
f
a
re
a
o
f
se
v
e
rit
y
‟,
IET
Ge
n
e
r.
T
ra
n
sm
.
Di
strib
,
2
0
1
0
,
4
,
(
6
),
p
p
.
6
8
3
–
6
9
3
.
[4
]
Ra
jes
h
Da
m
a
r
a
ju
,
S
.
V
.
N.L
.
L
a
li
th
a
.
“
A
F
u
z
z
y
Co
n
tro
ll
e
r
f
o
r
Co
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
o
f
V
o
lt
a
g
e
S
AG
/S
WE
L
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P
ro
b
lem
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in
g
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u
c
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ti
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g
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a
m
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o
l
tag
e
Re
sto
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,
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
In
d
o
n
e
sia
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o
u
rn
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l
o
f
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tric
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l
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g
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o
l
.
1
5
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o
.
3
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e
p
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e
r
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
4
0
7
~
4
1
4
[5
]
Z.
A
.
Ja
ff
e
r
y
,
S
u
n
il
K
u
m
a
r
Ch
a
u
d
h
ry
,
“
Qu
a
li
t
y
As
se
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
S
in
g
le
-
p
h
a
se
re
so
n
a
n
t
in
v
e
rter
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
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n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
iv
e
S
y
ste
m
,
V
o
l
.
2
,
No
.
4
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
3
6
4
~
3
7
0
.
[6
]
M
o
sc
h
a
k
is,
M
.
N.,
Ha
tzia
rg
y
rio
u
,
N.C.
„
A
n
a
l
y
ti
c
a
l
c
a
lcu
latio
n
a
n
d
sto
c
h
a
stic
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
v
o
lt
a
g
e
s
a
g
s‟,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r De
li
v
,
2
0
0
6
,
2
1
,
(7
)
,
p
p
.
1
7
2
7
–
1
7
3
4
.
[7
]
A
lo
k
Ku
m
a
r
S
h
riv
a
sta
v
,
P
ra
d
ip
Ku
m
a
r
S
a
d
h
u
,
A
n
k
u
r
G
a
n
g
u
l
y
,
Nitai
P
a
l,
“
A
No
v
e
l
T
ra
n
sie
n
t
F
a
u
lt
Cu
rre
n
t
li
m
it
e
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
re
e
p
h
a
se
T
h
y
risto
r
Brid
g
e
f
o
r
Y
-
y
g
tran
s
f
o
r
m
e
r”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
s S
y
ste
m
,
V
o
l.
6
(
4
),
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
5
,
P
P
.
7
4
7
–
7
5
8
.
[8
]
S
.
S
u
g
im
o
to
,
J.
Ki
d
a
,
H.
A
rit
a
,
C.
F
a
k
u
i,
a
n
d
T
.
Ya
m
a
g
i
wa
,
“
P
rin
c
ip
le
a
n
d
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
a
f
a
u
l
t
c
u
rre
n
t
li
m
it
e
r
w
it
h
se
ries
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r De
li
v
e
ry
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
8
4
2
–
8
4
7
,
A
p
r.
1
9
9
6
.
[9
]
T
.
Ja
m
a
sb
,
W
.
J.
Nu
tt
a
ll
,
a
n
d
M
.
G
.
P
o
l
li
tt
,
F
u
tu
re
El
e
c
tri
c
it
y
Tec
h
-
n
o
lo
g
ies
a
n
d
S
y
ste
m
s.
Ca
m
b
rid
g
e
:
Ca
m
b
rid
g
e
Un
iv
.
P
re
ss
,
2
0
0
6
,
p
p
.
8
3
–
9
7
,
2
3
5
–
2
4
6
.
[1
0
]
B.
C.
S
u
n
g
,
D.K.
P
a
rk
,
J.W
.
P
a
rk
,
a
n
d
T
.
K.
Ko
,
“
S
tu
d
y
o
n
a
s
e
ries
re
sisti
v
e
S
F
C
L
to
i
m
p
ro
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
tran
sie
n
t
sta
b
il
it
y
:
M
o
d
e
ll
in
g
,
si
m
u
latio
n
a
n
d
e
x
p
e
rim
e
n
tal
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
In
d
u
stri
a
l
E
lec
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
5
6
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
2
4
1
2
–
2
4
1
9
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
P
ra
d
ip
Ku
m
a
r
S
a
d
h
u
,
S
a
u
m
e
n
Dh
a
ra
,
A
lo
k
Ku
m
a
r
S
h
riv
a
st
a
v
,
De
b
a
b
ra
ta
Ro
y
,
“
S
u
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
ti
n
g
F
a
u
lt
Cu
rre
n
t
L
i
m
it
e
rs
f
o
r
M
icro
G
rid
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
”
,
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
e
c
h
a
tro
n
ic
s
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
Vo
l.
5
(1
6
),
Ju
l.
2
0
1
5
,
P
P
.
2
2
4
6
–
2
2
5
7
[1
2
]
A
lo
k
Ku
m
a
r
S
h
riv
a
sta
v
,
P
ra
d
ip
Ku
m
a
r
S
a
d
h
u
,
A
n
k
u
r
G
a
n
g
u
l
y
,
“
Co
mp
a
ra
ti
v
e
S
t
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
Ha
r
mo
n
ic
A
n
a
lys
is
Ba
se
d
On
T
ra
n
sie
n
t
Cu
rr
e
n
t
L
i
miter
in
Distri
b
u
t
io
n
S
y
ste
m”,
P
ro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
o
f
IEE
E
(EDS
)
Ko
lk
a
ta
Ch
a
p
ter
S
p
o
n
so
re
d
4
th
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
tw
o
rk
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
5
,
IS
BN:
8
1
-
8
5
8
2
4
-
46
-
0
,
P
P
1
0
8
-
1
1
4
.
[1
3
]
M
.
No
e
a
n
d
M
.
S
tru
re
r,
“
Hig
h
-
tem
p
e
r
a
tu
re
su
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
to
r
f
a
u
lt
c
u
rre
n
t
li
m
it
e
rs:
Co
n
c
e
p
ts,
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
sta
tu
s”
,
S
u
p
e
rc
o
n
d
.
S
c
i.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
R1
5
–
R
2
9
,
M
a
r.
2
0
0
7
.
[1
4
]
H.
Ha
tt
a
,
S
.
M
u
ro
y
a
,
T
.
Nitt
a
,
Y.
S
h
irai,
a
n
d
M
.
T
a
g
u
c
h
i,
“
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
stu
d
y
o
n
li
m
it
in
g
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
su
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
ti
n
g
f
a
u
lt
c
u
rre
n
t
li
m
it
e
r
in
d
o
u
b
le
c
ircu
i
t
tran
sm
issio
n
li
n
e
m
o
d
e
l
sy
ste
m
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
A
p
p
l
.
S
u
p
e
rc
o
n
d
.
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
8
1
2
–
8
1
5
,
M
a
r.
2
0
0
2
.
[1
5
]
L
.
Ye
,
L
.
Z.
L
in
,
a
n
d
K.
P
.
Ju
e
n
g
st,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
stu
d
ies
o
f
su
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
ti
n
g
f
a
u
lt
c
u
rre
n
t
li
m
it
e
rs
in
e
lec
tri
c
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
s”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
A
p
p
l.
S
u
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
9
0
0
–
9
0
3
,
M
a
r.
2
0
0
2
.
[1
6
]
P
ra
sh
a
n
t
Ku
m
a
r
,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Distrib
u
t
io
n
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
T
ra
n
sf
o
r
m
e
r
f
o
r
M
e
d
iu
m
V
o
lt
a
g
e
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m (
I
J
PE
DS
)
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l.
4
,
No
.
4
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
5
4
7
~
5
5
6
.
[1
7
]
T
.
No
m
u
r
a
,
M
.
Ya
m
a
g
u
c
h
i,
S
.
F
u
k
u
i,
K.
Yo
k
o
y
a
m
a
,
T
.
S
a
to
h
,
a
n
d
K.
Us
u
i,
“
S
in
g
le
DC
re
a
c
to
r
t
y
p
e
f
a
u
lt
c
u
rre
n
t
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m
it
e
r
f
o
r
6
.
6
k
V
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
s
”
,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s.
Ap
p
l.
S
u
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
to
r
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
0
9
0
–
2
0
9
3
,
M
a
rc
h
.
2
0
0
1
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
A
lo
k
Ku
m
a
r
S
h
riv
a
sta
v
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
B.
T
e
c
h
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
&
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
W
e
st
Be
n
g
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Wes
t
Be
n
g
a
l,
In
d
ia,
in
2
0
0
9
,
th
e
M
.
T
e
c
h
d
e
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
NIT
Du
rg
a
p
u
r
,
W
e
st
Be
n
g
a
l,
In
d
ia,
i
n
2
0
1
3
,
a
n
d
p
re
se
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
i
n
g
P
h
.
D.
p
r
o
g
ra
m
m
e
a
t
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
In
d
ia
n
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
M
in
e
s,
Dh
a
n
b
a
d
-
8
2
6
0
0
4
,
I
n
d
ia.
He
is
p
re
se
n
tl
y
A
ss
ist
a
n
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
,
T
e
c
h
n
o
In
d
ia
Ba
tan
a
g
a
r
,
M
a
h
e
sh
tala
,
Ko
lk
a
ta
.
His
sp
e
c
ia
l
f
ield
o
f
in
tere
st
is
in
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
in
d
ist
rib
u
t
io
n
sy
ste
m
,
p
o
w
e
r
f
o
l
w
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
a
n
d
sta
b
il
it
y
a
n
a
l
y
sis.
P
ra
d
ip
Ku
m
a
r
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a
d
h
u
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
i
s
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c
h
e
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r,
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o
st
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ra
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u
a
te
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n
d
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h
.
D.
(E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
)
d
e
g
re
e
s
in
1
9
9
7
,
1
9
9
9
a
n
d
2
0
0
2
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
g
.
F
ro
m
Ja
d
a
v
p
u
r
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
W
e
st
Be
n
g
a
l,
In
d
ia.
Cu
rre
n
t
ly
,
h
e
is
w
o
rk
in
g
a
s
a
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
in
E
lec
tri
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a
l
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g
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n
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g
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p
a
rtm
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n
t
o
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d
ian
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c
h
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o
f
M
i
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s,
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a
n
b
a
d
,
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d
ia
.
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h
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s
to
tal
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p
e
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e
o
f
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8
y
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rs
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tea
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n
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stry
.
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.
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tern
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in
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to
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p
ro
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