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s
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rig
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C
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p
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A
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:
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.
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I
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RO
D
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I
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P
r
ac
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all
i
n
d
u
s
tr
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d
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n
d
u
s
is
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f
in
ed
b
y
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tr
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m
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to
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.
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m
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to
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tr
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to
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ated
in
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o
to
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s
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m
u
c
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lo
s
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in
d
u
s
tr
ial
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
Mo
t
o
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f
au
lt
s
lead
to
a
s
h
u
td
o
w
n
o
f
co
m
p
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en
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in
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s
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s
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in
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m
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f
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m
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m
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n
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ce
.
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f
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e
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m
a
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c
cu
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d
u
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to
ch
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s
s
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m
,
w
h
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to
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ed
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ce
th
e
to
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q
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e,
g
en
er
ate
h
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at
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n
d
v
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b
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n
in
th
e
m
o
to
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.
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h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
n
elec
tr
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m
o
to
r
f
ailu
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cr
ea
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a
tr
en
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in
g
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li
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f
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ti
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cu
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r
en
ce
o
f
th
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f
a
ilu
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e
in
m
o
to
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s
.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
in
th
e
m
o
t
o
r
w
as
d
e
f
i
n
ed
as
in
e
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
to
p
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f
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m
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
w
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k
.
T
h
e
ca
u
s
e
o
f
f
ail
u
r
es
w
a
s
lis
ted
as
a.
Un
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
w
ea
k
n
es
s
o
f
m
ater
ial
an
d
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
b.
I
m
p
r
o
p
er
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
c.
G
r
ad
u
al
f
ail
u
r
e
d
u
e
to
w
ea
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tear
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atig
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r
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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I
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t J
P
o
w
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&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
519
–
526
520
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
ab
o
u
t
m
o
to
r
f
ai
lu
r
es
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
esu
lt
s
th
at
ea
r
l
y
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
m
o
to
r
f
au
lt
h
elp
s
in
m
ai
n
tai
n
in
g
t
h
e
r
eliab
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y
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
to
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.
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h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
o
cc
u
r
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en
ce
o
f
th
e
f
a
u
lt
in
t
h
e
m
o
t
o
r
w
a
s
class
i
f
ied
as
in
ter
n
a
l so
u
r
ce
an
d
e
x
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
a)
Fau
lt
s
d
u
e
to
e
x
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
Fig
u
r
e
1
b
)
Fau
lts
d
u
e
to
in
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
Failu
r
es
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
ter
n
al
s
o
u
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ce
ar
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m
a
in
l
y
d
u
e
to
d
ec
li
n
e
in
q
u
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
ater
ials
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
an
d
m
a
n
u
f
ac
t
u
r
i
n
g
f
a
u
lts
.
B
u
t
th
e
f
ail
u
r
es
d
u
e
to
ex
ter
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
w
er
e
d
u
e
to
en
v
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o
n
m
en
t
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ch
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e,
o
v
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p
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ail
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2.
RE
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D
WO
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B
r
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k
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to
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b
ar
f
au
lt
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p
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u
t
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
ch
an
g
e
s
in
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
lip
.
Di
f
f
er
e
n
t
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
b
ar
o
f
th
e
b
ar
.
E
lectr
ic
g
r
id
an
d
t
h
e
v
ar
iab
le
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
r
i
v
es
ar
e
u
s
ed
as
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
w
as
a
n
al
y
ze
d
o
n
t
w
o
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
r
eg
io
n
s
,
t
h
e
y
ar
e
r
o
to
r
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
a
n
d
th
e
t
w
ic
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
s
u
p
p
l
y
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
b
r
o
k
en
r
o
to
r
b
ar
f
au
lt
als
o
ca
n
b
e
an
al
y
ze
d
u
s
i
n
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
d
is
t
u
r
b
an
ce
i
n
th
e
li
n
e
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
.
[
1
]
A
r
ti
f
icial
n
e
u
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
b
ase
d
f
au
lt
id
e
n
ti
f
icatio
n
is
u
s
ed
t
o
id
en
tify
an
d
clas
s
i
f
y
th
e
b
e
ar
in
g
f
a
u
lt
in
i
n
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
w
as
d
ir
ec
tl
y
p
o
w
er
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
an
al
y
s
is
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
ap
p
ly
in
g
u
n
b
ala
n
c
ed
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
lt
ag
e
an
d
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
co
llected
in
ti
m
e
d
o
m
ai
n
a
n
d
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
lik
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
m
o
to
r
is
co
llected
b
ased
o
n
th
e
h
al
f
c
y
cle
o
f
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
.
Dig
it
al
s
i
g
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
is
u
s
ed
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
ar
ti
f
icial
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
o
n
co
llected
m
o
to
r
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
[
2
]
DC
in
p
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
is
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
to
an
aly
ze
th
e
f
au
lt
in
m
o
to
r
s
h
af
t
d
u
e
to
to
r
q
u
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
in
p
er
m
a
n
e
n
t
m
ag
n
et
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
iz
e
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
in
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
D
C
cu
r
r
e
n
t
o
f
i
n
v
er
ter
d
u
e
to
i
m
p
r
o
p
er
to
r
q
u
e
is
a
n
al
y
ze
d
u
s
i
n
g
M
AT
L
A
B
s
i
m
u
lato
r
.
Sp
ec
tr
a
test
r
ig
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
id
en
ti
f
y
th
e
f
a
u
lt
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
in
th
e
g
ea
r
b
o
x
an
d
o
th
er
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
.
[
3
]
R
ec
o
r
d
ed
s
ig
n
als
f
r
o
m
f
a
u
lt
y
m
o
to
r
w
er
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
u
s
in
g
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
to
d
e
m
o
d
u
lat
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
f
a
u
lt
y
f
r
eq
u
en
cies.
Si
g
n
a
l
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
li
k
e
Fa
s
t
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
f
ilter
s
ar
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
en
v
el
o
p
an
al
y
s
i
s
to
ex
tr
ac
t
f
a
u
lt
s
i
g
n
al
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
m
o
to
r
.
E
m
p
ir
ical
d
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
u
s
ed
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
tim
e
d
o
m
a
in
d
ata
to
ex
tr
ac
t
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
f
au
lt si
g
n
a
ls
.
[
4
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
A
u
to
ma
tic
S
p
ee
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l o
f M
o
to
r
via
W
A
D
Tech
n
iq
u
e
fo
r
P
r
ev
en
tio
n
o
f F
a
u
lts
in
Mo
to
r
(
R
.
K
a
b
ila
n
)
521
Sig
n
al
b
ased
f
au
lt
id
en
ti
f
icati
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
m
o
r
e
co
m
f
o
r
tab
le
to
id
en
ti
f
y
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
p
r
esen
t
i
n
th
e
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
m
o
to
r
s
ig
n
a
ls
ar
e
ap
p
lied
f
o
r
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
to
s
p
lit
th
e
s
i
g
n
als
i
n
to
m
u
ltip
le
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
f
o
r
m
s
.
Fa
u
lt
y
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
w
as
ex
tr
ac
ted
u
s
i
n
g
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
an
al
y
zi
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es.
A
l
g
eb
r
aic
s
u
m
m
atio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
is
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
an
al
y
ze
th
e
s
ig
n
a
ls
o
f
h
ea
l
th
y
m
o
to
r
s
.
ASO
o
p
er
ates
b
ased
o
n
s
tatio
n
ar
y
w
av
ele
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
.
T
h
e
r
ed
u
n
d
an
c
y
g
e
n
er
ated
at
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
h
a
s
e
is
c
o
n
s
er
v
ed
to
a
m
p
li
f
y
th
e
er
r
o
r
g
en
er
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
i
es in
t
h
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
ig
n
al
o
f
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
.
[
5
]
Fau
lt
d
etec
tio
n
i
n
n
o
n
-
s
tatio
n
ar
y
m
o
to
r
s
i
s
w
id
el
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
in
in
d
u
s
tr
ie
s
.
Dia
g
n
o
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
in
in
v
er
ter
f
ee
d
m
o
to
r
s
i
s
a
m
aj
o
r
co
n
ce
r
n
o
v
er
th
e
li
n
e
f
ee
d
m
o
to
r
s
.
Sig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
f
au
lt
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
s
ig
n
a
l
in
ti
m
e
a
n
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
ai
n
.
Fau
lt
d
etec
tio
n
i
n
in
v
er
ter
f
ee
d
in
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
r
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
i
n
g
t
w
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
in
v
er
ter
f
ee
d
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
s
w
it
h
t
w
o
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
f
a
u
lt
s
in
t
h
e
m
o
t
o
r
.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
d
iag
n
o
s
i
s
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
i
n
tr
an
s
ie
n
t
s
tates.
Fa
s
t
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
an
d
s
h
o
r
t
ti
m
e
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
id
en
ti
f
y
t
h
e
b
r
o
k
en
b
ar
f
a
u
lt
a
n
d
m
i
x
ed
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
in
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
f
ee
d
in
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
r
.
[
6
]
Op
en
cir
cu
it
f
a
u
lts
g
e
n
er
ated
in
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
to
r
s
w
ill
a
f
f
e
ct
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
w
h
ic
h
lead
s
to
f
a
u
lt
i
n
m
o
to
r
b
y
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
in
u
n
b
alan
ce
d
s
tate.
I
f
t
h
e
f
au
l
t
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
i
s
n
o
t
atte
n
d
ed
t
h
en
it
lead
s
to
ca
tast
r
o
p
h
ic
f
ail
u
r
e
in
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
an
d
a
ls
o
in
co
m
p
lete
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
cir
cu
it.
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
e
n
s
o
r
an
d
th
e
a
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
h
al
f
b
r
id
g
e
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
o
p
en
cir
c
u
it
f
au
lt
i
n
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
d
r
i
v
e
cir
c
u
i
t.
I
n
d
iv
id
u
al
b
u
s
p
o
s
itio
n
s
ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
to
a
n
al
y
ze
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
a
n
d
t
w
o
p
h
ase
f
au
lts
.
Fa
s
t
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
an
d
B
lack
m
a
n
w
i
n
d
o
w
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
e
s
ig
n
als
w
i
th
a
n
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
o
p
en
cir
c
u
it
f
a
u
lt.
T
h
e
o
p
en
cir
c
u
it
f
a
u
lt
is
id
en
ti
f
ied
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
t
h
e
b
u
s
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
ic
m
o
to
r
.
[
7
]
Fau
lt
s
lik
e
b
r
o
k
en
r
in
g
an
d
r
o
to
r
b
a
r
f
au
lt
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
in
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
to
r
s
with
ac
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
l
y
w
er
e
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
f
a
u
lt
i
n
r
o
to
r
an
d
s
tato
r
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
Her
e
th
e
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
f
ee
d
w
it
h
i
n
v
er
ter
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
i
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
T
h
e
f
au
l
ts
g
e
n
er
ated
in
th
e
r
o
to
r
an
d
s
tato
r
w
as
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
le
v
el
in
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
i
n
v
er
ter
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
o
u
r
ce
.
T
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
le
v
el
i
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
i
n
lo
w
lo
ad
,
h
i
g
h
lo
ad
,
n
o
r
m
al
an
d
tr
an
s
ie
n
t
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
h
ig
h
er
ac
cu
r
ac
y
r
ate
i
n
o
p
en
lo
o
p
v
ar
iab
le
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
m
o
to
r
s
.
[
8
]
Stato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
an
al
y
s
is
is
e
f
f
icie
n
t
m
et
h
o
d
in
p
r
ed
ictin
g
t
h
e
f
au
lt
i
n
t
h
e
in
d
u
ct
io
n
m
o
to
r
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
an
al
y
s
is
i
s
u
s
ed
to
i
d
e
n
ti
f
y
f
a
u
lt
s
li
k
e
s
ta
to
r
,
r
o
to
r
an
d
b
ea
r
in
g
f
a
u
lt
s
i
n
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
s
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
r
ec
o
r
d
s
th
e
m
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
v
o
lta
g
e
i
n
th
e
n
o
r
m
a
l
r
u
n
n
in
g
co
n
d
it
io
n
an
d
ca
lcu
la
tes
au
to
co
r
r
elatio
n
f
o
r
t
h
ese
v
al
u
es.
T
h
ese
au
to
co
r
r
elate
d
v
al
u
es
ar
e
u
s
ed
a
s
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
to
d
if
f
er
en
tia
te
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
s
ig
n
al
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
al.
C
u
r
r
en
t
s
ig
n
al
an
al
y
s
i
s
m
e
th
o
d
ca
n
a
f
f
ec
t
ed
b
y
q
u
al
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
,
s
o
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
co
r
r
elate
d
v
alu
e
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
f
ilter
ed
au
to
m
atica
ll
y
b
ased
o
n
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
d
etec
tio
n
r
ate
o
f
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t si
g
n
at
u
r
e
m
eth
o
d
.
[
9
]
Ker
n
el
d
en
s
i
t
y
est
i
m
a
tio
n
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
v
er
t
th
e
3
p
h
ase
cu
r
r
en
t
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
to
2
d
im
en
s
io
n
al
s
p
ac
es.
I
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
d
is
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
to
d
if
f
er
e
n
tia
te
f
a
u
lt
y
s
i
g
n
al
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
n
o
r
m
al
s
ig
n
al
s
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
s
u
s
ed
to
class
if
y
t
h
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
f
a
u
lt
g
e
n
er
ated
in
th
e
m
o
to
r
.
T
o
d
if
f
er
en
tiate
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
s
ig
n
al,
k
u
llb
ac
k
-
leib
ler
d
i
v
er
g
e
n
ce
is
u
s
ed
o
v
er
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
au
to
m
atic
f
au
lt
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
in
m
o
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
k
er
n
el
d
en
s
it
y
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
w
a
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
u
s
i
n
g
f
a
s
t
Gau
s
s
ian
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
p
o
in
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
T
h
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
m
et
h
o
d
w
as
u
s
ed
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
I
OT
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
i
n
m
o
to
r
f
au
l
t id
en
ti
f
ic
atio
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
[
1
0
]
R
eg
io
n
s
elec
t
io
n
an
d
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
p
u
ls
e
w
id
t
h
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
(
SVP
W
M)
ap
p
ly
f
o
r
d
io
d
e
cla
m
p
ed
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
ap
p
lies
f
o
r
o
p
en
lo
o
p
o
p
er
atio
n
in
in
v
er
ter
f
ed
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
SVP
W
M
co
m
p
ar
e
w
it
h
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
B
C
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
[
1
1
]
.
A
f
u
zz
y
s
i
n
g
le
n
e
u
r
o
n
P
I
D
ap
p
lies
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
b
r
u
s
h
les
s
D
C
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
co
n
ce
p
t
is
t
w
o
-
f
o
l
d
.
I
n
itiall
y
Ge
n
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
ap
p
lies
to
f
i
n
d
o
p
tim
u
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
s
i
n
g
le
n
eu
r
o
n
P
I
D.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
r
esu
l
t
s
f
r
o
m
g
en
et
ic
alg
o
r
ith
m
ap
p
l
y
to
ad
j
u
s
t
w
ei
g
h
t
s
f
o
r
SNP
I
D.
T
h
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
l
co
m
p
ar
e
w
it
h
F
u
zz
y
s
i
n
g
le
n
e
u
r
o
n
P
I
D
[
1
2
]
.
Seq
u
en
t
ial
r
o
to
r
d
etec
tio
n
with
P
W
M
ap
p
lies
to
r
u
n
m
o
to
r
w
it
h
p
o
w
er
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
s
o
lar
P
V
m
o
d
u
les.
T
h
e
s
tato
r
e
n
er
g
i
s
in
g
a
n
d
r
o
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l
u
s
e
to
v
a
r
y
s
p
ee
d
o
f
m
o
to
r
.
Di
g
ital
s
i
g
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
c
k
s
P
W
M
s
ig
n
al
w
id
th
to
s
tab
iliz
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
o
p
er
atio
n
[
1
3
]
.
FOP
I
D
tech
n
iq
u
e
ap
p
lies
f
o
r
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
f
ed
DC
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e.
T
h
e
FOPID
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
r
ee
-
s
ta
g
e
I
L
B
C
D
C
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
I
L
B
C
DC
M
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
e
w
ith
FOP
I
D
tech
n
iq
u
e
[
1
4
]
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y:
3
.
1
.
Wa
v
elet
Ana
ly
s
is
W
av
elet
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
a
s
a
p
p
lied
in
s
e
v
er
al
ap
p
licatio
n
s
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
an
alo
g
s
i
g
n
al
i
n
d
etail.
Du
e
to
th
e
p
ec
u
liar
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
w
a
v
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
an
aly
z
in
g
h
i
g
h
-
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
519
–
526
522
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
i
g
n
als.
T
h
e
w
a
v
el
et
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
m
et
h
o
d
is
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t
i
n
an
al
y
zi
n
g
t
h
e
tr
an
s
ie
n
t
an
d
s
tar
t
-
u
p
cu
r
r
en
t
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
ele
ctr
ic
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
w
a
v
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
m
o
r
e
f
ac
ili
ties
th
a
n
t
h
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
.
I
t
h
elp
s
to
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
e
s
e
v
er
al
la
y
er
s
o
f
th
e
s
i
g
n
a
l
to
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
f
au
lt
s
ig
n
al
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ic
ien
t
l
y
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
s
ig
n
al
w
as
s
e
g
m
en
ted
an
d
m
u
ltip
lied
w
i
th
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
w
it
h
w
av
e
lets
,
s
i
m
ilar
to
th
e
w
i
n
d
o
w
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
e
d
in
Fo
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
w
av
ele
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
as
d
ef
i
n
ed
u
s
i
n
g
W
(
a,
b
)
=
.
3.
2
.
Dy
a
dic Tra
ns
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
:
T
h
e
d
y
ad
ic
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
e
s
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
i
n
to
h
ig
h
er
a
n
d
lo
w
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
s
i
g
n
a
ls
w
h
ic
h
h
e
lp
to
g
e
n
er
ate
d
etail
ed
an
d
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
ate
i
n
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
s
ig
n
al.
T
h
e
p
ea
k
v
al
u
es
o
f
th
e
h
i
g
h
er
an
d
lo
w
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
s
i
g
n
al
w
er
e
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
ed
s
ig
n
al.
D
y
ad
i
c
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
s
elec
ti
n
g
a
m
o
th
er
w
av
e
let
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
n
d
d
ilates
it
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
w
o
.
L
et
b
e
th
e
m
o
th
er
w
a
v
elet
f
u
n
ctio
n
th
e
d
y
ad
ic
d
ilatio
n
f
u
n
cti
o
n
at
s
tag
e
j
is
g
e
n
er
ated
as
φ_
(
2
^
j
)
(
x
)
=
[
1
/2
^
j
]
φ[
x
/2
^j
]
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
f
u
n
ct
io
n
f
(
x
)
o
f
d
y
ad
ic
s
ca
le
at
ar
ea
x
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as f
o
llo
w
f
(
x
)
=
f
*
(
x
)
=
*
(
x
-
t)
d
t
Fro
m
th
e
ab
o
v
e
eq
u
at
io
n
s
,
t
h
e
d
y
ad
ic
w
a
v
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
is
g
en
er
ated
as
Df
=
3.
3
.
Ada
ptiv
e
Neuro
-
F
uzzy
I
nfe
re
nce
Sy
s
t
e
m
:
A
N
FIS
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
f
u
zz
y
i
n
f
er
e
n
ce
lo
g
ic
w
it
h
f
i
v
e
la
y
er
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
s
y
s
te
m
.
Usi
n
g
t
h
is
f
i
v
e
la
y
er
n
et
w
o
r
k
t
h
e
A
NFI
S
s
y
s
te
m
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e
lik
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ra
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r
e
4
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u
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.
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)
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h
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.
2
.
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ig
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5
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s
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n
s
f
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m
atio
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.
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ANF
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ig
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Fig
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d
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I
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5.
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.
RE
F
E
R
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NC
E
S
[1
]
K.
M
.
S
o
u
sa
,
I.
B.
V
.
d
a
Co
sta
,
E.
S
.
M
a
c
iel,
J.
E.
Ro
c
h
a
,
C.
M
a
rtelli
,
a
n
d
J.
C.
C.
d
a
S
il
v
a
,
“
Bro
k
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n
Ba
r
F
a
u
lt
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tec
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in
In
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u
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M
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S
trai
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e
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o
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s,”
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S
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n
s.
J
.
,
v
o
l.
1
7
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n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
3
6
6
9
–
3
6
7
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
]
W
.
S
.
G
o
n
g
o
ra
,
H.
V
.
D.
S
il
v
a
,
A
.
G
o
e
d
tel,
W
.
F
.
G
o
d
o
y
,
a
n
d
S
.
A
.
O.
S
il
v
a
,
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ra
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p
p
ro
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r
Be
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rin
g
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a
u
lt
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h
a
se
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
M
o
t
o
rs,”
IEE
E
L
a
t.
Am.
T
ra
n
s.
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
5
9
4
–
6
0
0
,
2
0
1
3
.
[3
]
J.
L
i,
M
.
S
u
m
n
e
r,
H.
Zh
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
J.
A
re
ll
a
n
o
-
P
a
d
il
la,
“
F
a
u
lt
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
f
o
r
P
M
S
M
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
s
y
ste
m
s
b
y
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
in
v
e
rter i
n
p
u
t
c
u
rre
n
ts,
”
CES
T
ra
n
s.
El
e
c
tr.
M
a
c
h
.
S
y
st.
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
7
4
–
1
7
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
F
.
B.
Ba
ti
sta
,
P
.
C.
M
.
L
a
m
i
m
F
il
h
o
,
R.
P
e
d
e
riv
a
,
a
n
d
V
.
A
.
D.
S
il
v
a
,
“
A
n
E
m
p
iri
c
a
l
De
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
f
o
r
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
F
a
u
lt
De
tec
ti
o
n
in
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
M
o
t
o
rs,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
.
In
str
u
m.
M
e
a
s.
,
v
o
l.
6
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
5
5
9
–
5
6
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[5
]
D.
Ba
y
ra
m
a
n
d
S
.
Ek
e
r,
“
Re
d
u
n
d
a
n
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se
d
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re
d
ictiv
e
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a
u
l
t
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tec
ti
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n
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tri
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y
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tatio
n
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ry
Wav
e
l
e
t
T
ra
n
s
f
o
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m
,
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e
e
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ra
n
s.
In
d
.
A
p
p
l
.
,
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o
l.
5
3
,
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o
.
3
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p
p
.
2
0
–
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0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[6
]
O.
Du
q
u
e
-
p
e
re
z
a
n
d
J.
P
o
n
s
-
l
li
n
a
r
e
s,
“
A
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
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f
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h
n
iq
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e
s
f
o
r
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a
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te
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in
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rt
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d
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ti
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o
to
rs
in
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ra
n
sie
n
t
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g
im
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,
”
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T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
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p
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,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
c
,
p
p
.
1
–
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5
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
C.
G
a
n
,
J.
W
u
,
S
.
Ya
n
g
,
Y.
H
u
,
W
.
Ca
o
,
a
n
d
J
.
S
i,
“
F
a
u
lt
d
iag
n
o
sis
sc
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
o
p
e
n
-
c
ircu
it
f
a
u
lt
s
i
n
sw
it
c
h
e
d
re
lu
c
tan
c
e
m
o
to
r
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riv
e
s
u
si
n
g
f
a
st
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o
u
rier
tran
sf
o
rm
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
with
b
u
s
c
u
rre
n
t
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
IE
T
P
o
we
r
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tro
n
.
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l.
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,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
0
–
3
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,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
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P
.
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e
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o
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lo
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,
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D.
M
it
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d
A
.
N.
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fa
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a
s,
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De
te
c
ti
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o
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sin
g
in
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n
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u
t
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u
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t
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a
ly
sis,”
IEE
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ra
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s.
I
n
d
.
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tro
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.
,
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l.
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.
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4
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2
0
1
1
.
[9
]
T
.
G
h
a
n
b
a
ri,
“
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u
to
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o
rre
latio
n
f
u
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lt
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m
o
to
r,
”
IET
S
c
i.
Me
a
s.
T
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l
.
,
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l
.
1
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o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
0
–
1
1
0
,
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0
1
5
.
[1
0
]
A
.
G
ian
to
m
a
ss
i,
F
.
F
e
rra
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u
ti
,
S
.
I
a
rlo
ri,
G
.
Ip
p
o
li
ti
,
a
n
d
S
.
L
o
n
g
h
i,
“
El
e
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tri
c
m
o
to
r
f
a
u
lt
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
d
iag
n
o
sis
b
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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[1
1
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Nu
n
sa
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sh
e
e
la,
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siti
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lati
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trate
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tern
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.
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2
]
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.
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.
A
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n
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o
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3
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4
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.