In
te
r
n
ation
a
l Jou
rn
al
o
f Po
we
r
Elec
tron
ic
s an
d
D
r
ive S
y
stem
(IJ
PED
S
)
V
o
l.
10, N
o.
3, S
ep 2019,
pp.
1
2
1
5
~1
2
2
2
ISSN: 2088-
8694,
DOI
:
10.11591
/ijpeds.
v10.
i
3.pp1215-1222
1215
Jou
rn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
:
ht
tp:
//i
a
e
score
.
com
/
j
o
u
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na
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s
/
i
n
d
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x
.
p
hp/IJ
PED
S
Th
ree-phase photovo
ltaic grid inv
erter sy
stem des
ign based on
PIC24F
J256GB110 for di
s
tributed generation
Ih
s
a
n
Jab
bar Hasan
1
, Na
h
la
A
bdul J
a
l
il Sa
lih
2
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a
dhir I
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ra
him
A
bdulk
h
aleq
3
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Dep
a
rtm
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nt
o
f
El
e
c
t
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on
ic,
Medical
Tech
nical
I
n
s
ti
tute,
Midd
le T
echn
i
cal
Un
i
versit
y
,
I
raq
3
Dep
a
rt
ment of
E
l
ect
ronic Technolo
gy,
Institute
o
f
Technology B
a
g
h
d
a
d, M
i
ddle T
echn
i
cal U
n
i
vers
it
y, Iraq
Art
i
cl
e In
fo
ABSTRACT
A
r
tic
le hist
o
r
y
:
R
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
Dec
2
1
,
2
018
Re
vise
d Jan
2
1
, 2019
Ac
ce
p
t
ed
M
ar 4
, 2
0
19
In
r
ec
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t
years
,
t
h
e
d
em
and
f
o
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energ
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gen
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rated
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creased
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s
o
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e
nerg
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s
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i
n
t
h
e
Mi
ddl
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t
.
T
h
i
s
s
tud
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alid
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s
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Three-phase inverter SPW
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pyri
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t © 2
019 In
stit
u
t
e
of Advanced
En
gi
neeri
n
g
an
d
S
c
ien
ce.
All
rights
res
e
rv
ed.
Corres
pon
d
i
n
g
Au
th
or:
Ihsan
Jabbar
H
asan,
D
e
pa
rtme
nt
o
f
El
e
c
t
ron
i
c,
Me
d
ica
l
T
ec
hn
ic
al
Insti
t
u
te,
Mi
ddl
e
Te
ch
n
i
ca
l
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
, B
a
g
hd
ad
, I
r
aq
.
Em
ail:
Ihsan
_
h
ssn@
y
a
h
oo.co
m
1.
I
N
TR
OD
U
C
TI
O
N
Th
e
fi
rst
solu
ti
on
t
o
pho
t
ovo
lt
ai
c
p
o
w
e
r
g
en
e
r
ati
o
n
i
s
h
o
w
t
o
c
o
n
ve
rt
s
o
l
ar
r
adia
t
i
o
n
e
ner
gy
to
elec
tr
ical
e
nergy.
T
he
p
r
i
nc
iple
o
f
so
lar
p
h
o
t
ov
o
lta
ic
c
el
l
pow
er
g
en
er
ati
o
n
is
b
ase
d
o
n
the
ph
o
t
o
v
o
l
tai
c
effec
t
,
w
h
i
c
h
is
a
c
onve
rsi
o
n
de
v
i
c
e
t
ha
t
c
o
n
v
erts
s
ol
a
r
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
e
n
e
r
g
y
i
n
t
o
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
e
n
e
r
g
y
.
A
p
l
u
r
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
suc
h
d
e
v
i
c
es
a
re
a
ssem
b
led
i
n
t
o
a
p
ho
tov
o
l
taic
cel
l
a
sse
mbl
y
,
a
n
d
a
p
l
u
r
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
a
r
e
c
o
m
b
i
n
e
d
i
n
t
o
a
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
a
r
r
a
y
a
s
n
e
e
d
e
d
a
n
d
m
a
t
c
h
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
d
e
v
i
c
e
s
for
en
er
gy
st
ora
g
e,
m
e
a
surem
e
nt,
con
t
ro
l,
and
in
ve
rter,
th
ere
by for
m
i
ng
a
pho
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
ic
pow
er
gene
r
at
i
on s
ys
t
e
m
[
1
-7
].
T
o
m
e
e
t
t
h
e
s
t
a
t
i
c
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
l
o
a
d
o
n
t
h
e
d
i
s
t
ri
b
u
t
e
d
ge
ne
rat
i
o
n
s
ys
t
e
m,
t
h
e
three
-
p
h
ase
p
h
o
t
o
vo
ltai
c
i
n
v
e
r
ter
is
g
en
er
ally
d
e
s
i
g
ne
d
a
s
a
c
l
o
s
ed
-l
oop
f
e
e
db
a
c
k
c
o
n
t
ro
l
syst
e
m
,
a
nd
th
e
st
a
r
t
i
n
g
poi
n
t
f
or
t
he
a
na
l
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
co
n
t
rol
o
f
t
he
c
lose
d-
loo
p
con
t
rol
sy
st
em
i
n
volv
e
s
co
rre
c
t
l
y
r
e
f
l
e
c
t
ing
th
e
b
a
si
c
re
l
a
ti
on
sh
ip
b
et
we
en
inp
u
t
a
nd
o
utp
u
t
[
8
-12
]
.
A
s
s
how
n
in
F
i
gur
e
1,
t
he
b
as
ic
p
r
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
i
s
t
h
at
t
he
t
h
r
ee
-pha
se
phot
o
vol
t
a
i
c
a
rra
y
i
n
v
e
rt
e
r
i
s
con
n
ec
ted
t
o
g
ri
d,
a
nd
t
h
e
gene
ra
te
d
so
la
r
ene
r
gy
is
t
ransfe
rre
d
t
o
a
D
C
p
o
w
e
r
s
o
u
r
c
e
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
p
a
s
s
e
d
thr
o
u
g
h
t
he
D
C
fil
t
er
t
o
be
c
o
m
e
a
n
al
t
e
rna
t
i
n
g
c
u
rr
ent
thr
oug
h
th
e
in
ve
r
t
e
r
.
The
fu
n
d
a
m
enta
l
w
a
ve
i
s
a
s
i
ne
w
a
ve
,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
filte
red
a
n
d
me
rged
i
n
t
o
t
h
e
gri
d
,
w
hi
c
h
i
n
c
orpora
t
e
s
t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt.
The
fre
q
u
e
nc
y
and
p
h
ase
are
i
n
p
ha
se
w
i
t
h
the
gri
d
vol
tage
.
P
hotov
o
lta
ic
g
ri
d
-c
onne
c
t
e
d
i
nver
t
e
r
s
use
vo
l
t
a
g
e
s
ource
i
npu
t
and
curre
n
t
so
u
rce
ou
tp
u
t
c
o
n
tr
ol.
The ou
t
p
ut c
u
r
ren
t
is
co
ntr
o
lle
d usin
g
vo
lta
ge c
o
n
t
r
o
l
[13-1
6
].
T
h
e
m
a
i
n
h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
l
l
s
y
s
t
e
m
i
n
t
h
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
i
s
a
p
a
r
t
o
f
t
he
c
on
t
r
o
l
s
ys
te
m
tha
t
u
se
s
P
I
C24F
J2
56G
B
1
1
0
a
s
a
mic
r
oco
n
tro
l
c
ore
[17,
1
8],
thre
e
-
pha
se
f
u
l
l
b
ri
dge
M
O
S
F
ET
m
odu
l
e
(
G
W
M
10
0-
01X
1)
[
19],
a
n
d
IR
21
0
4
g
a
t
e
dr
ive
r
I
C
a
s
a
n
is
ola
t
i
o
n
g
a
te
d
ri
v
e
circuit
[20,
2
1].
Th
e
Hal
l
s
en
so
rs
o
f
the
vo
lta
ge a
n
d
cu
r
rent a
re
u
sed to
m
e
a
sure
t
he A
C
and D
C
v
o
lta
ge
a
n
d
c
urr
e
nt [2
2
-26]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN: 2088-
8694
Int J
P
o
w
El
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
,
V
ol.
10,
N
o.
3
, S
e
p
2
0
1
9
:
121
5
– 1
222
1
216
Th
is
p
a
p
er
i
s
organ
i
se
d
as
f
o
llow
s
:
in
S
ectio
n
2,
a
m
a
t
he
ma
t
i
c
a
l
mode
l
o
f
t
he
t
hr
ee-
p
h
ase
ph
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
in
ve
rter
i
s
pr
ov
i
d
e
d
.
S
e
ctio
n
3
disc
usses
the
hard
w
a
re
c
irc
u
i
t
s
truc
tur
e
.
S
ecti
o
n
4
pr
esen
t
s
t
he
si
m
u
lat
i
on an
d
prac
t
i
c
a
l
re
s
ults of t
h
e f
u
ll
sy
stem
,
and
fin
a
l
l
y
,
S
ect
i
on 5
d
iscus
s
es th
e
conc
l
u
si
on
s.
F
i
gure
1.
T
hree
-phase
p
ho
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
inve
rter
s
ys
t
e
m
2.
MATHE
M
A
T
ICAL MODEL OF THR
E
E
PHASE PHOT
OVO
LTAIC INV
E
R
TE
R
F
o
r
t
h
e
d
i
s
t
r
i
bu
te
d
ge
ner
a
t
i
o
n
of
t
he
t
hre
e
-pha
se
g
rid,
t
he
m
a
i
n
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
the
t
h
r
ee-
p
h
ase
ph
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
grid-c
on
ne
c
t
ed
p
ow
er
c
i
r
cu
it
i
n
verte
r
i
s
sh
ow
n
in
F
i
g
u
re
1
.
In
t
he
f
ig
ur
e,
V
dc
i
s
t
h
e
D
C
v
ol
ta
ge
ac
ross
t
h
e
DC
lin
k
ca
pac
i
t
o
r,
C
i
s
the
D
C
bus
c
apac
ita
nc
e,
a
nd
L
C
i
s
a
fil
t
er
i
n
t
h
e
AC
s
ide
be
fore
b
e
i
n
g
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
.
A
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
,
V
p
h
a
,
V
p
h
b
,
a
n
d
V
p
h
c
a
r
e
t
he
p
ha
se
v
ol
ta
ges
of
t
he
t
hree
-pha
s
e
g
ri
d.
A
c
c
o
rdi
n
g
t
o
F
ig
ure
1,
t
he
t
hre
e
-pha
se
g
rid
i
s
a
ssume
d
t
o
b
e
sy
mm
etrical.
A
ccording
to
K
irchhoff’s
l
a
w
,
the
ma
them
at
i
c
al
m
odel
of t
he
i
n
v
e
r
ter
in t
he
t
h
r
e
e
-pha
se stat
i
onar
y
coord
i
na
te
s
yste
m
can
b
e
expre
s
se
d i
n
(1)
.
(1
)
Whe
r
e,
,
a
re
t
he
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
lta
ge
o
f
th
e
outp
u
t
Le
g’s
A,
B
,
and
C
of
t
he
th
ree
-
p
h
a
se
p
hot
ovol
t
a
i
c
in
verter
re
l
a
tiv
e
to the
n
e
u
tral
poi
n
t
of t
h
e gr
i
d
.
,
ar
e
t
he
thre
e
-
phase
o
ut
p
u
t
curre
nt o
f
t
h
e
i
nver
t
e
r
.
I
n
t
he
t
w
o
-p
ha
se
s
t
a
ti
ona
r
y
c
oor
di
na
te
s
ys
te
m,
t
he
g
ri
d
v
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t
a
g
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α
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co
mp
on
en
t
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h
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ng
e
d
.
Wh
en
pred
ic
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ve
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on
t
r
ol
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pe
rform
ed,
if
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he
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ha
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ot
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o
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he
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yste
m
per
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orm
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ill
b
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t
e
d
,
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s
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i
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w
h
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swi
t
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qu
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cy
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l
l
.
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f
th
e
v
a
ri
at
i
o
n
o
f
t
he
g
r
i
d
v
o
lta
ge
α
β
c
o
mpo
n
e
n
t
i
s
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s
i
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ere
d
,
th
e
c
o
mple
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t
y
o
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t
h
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co
n
t
ro
l
alg
o
ri
t
h
m
will
i
n
c
re
a
se
.
In
t
h
e
s
yn
c
h
ro
nous
r
o
t
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tin
g
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o
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d
i
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t
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em,
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h
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d
-
ax
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s
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t
s
o
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h
e
t
h
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y
m
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tric
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e
ap
pro
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l
y
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ns
t
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nt,
so
the
c
o
n
t
ro
l
s
t
rate
gy
of
t
h
i
s
st
u
dy
is
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
ous.
Im
plem
en
ted
in
a
r
o
t
a
tin
g
c
o
ord
i
na
te
s
ys
t
e
m.
A
fte
r
t
he
d
q
coor
di
na
te
t
r
a
nsform
ati
o
n,
t
he
m
at
he
ma
t
i
c
a
l
m
od
e
l
o
f
t
h
e
in
vert
er
i
n
the
tw
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ase
syn
c
hro
n
ous
r
ot
a
t
i
n
g
coor
di
na
te
s
ys
te
m
can
b
e
prese
n
te
d i
n
(2)
.
(
2
)
Whe
r
e,
a
re gr
i
d-
co
nne
c
t
e
d
cur
ren
t
s,
a
re
i
nverter
bri
dge
o
utp
u
t
vo
l
t
a
ges,
and
a
r
e
gri
d
vo
l
tages.
The
an
g
l
e
bet
w
e
e
n
the
s
ync
hro
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o
u
s
rota
t
i
ng
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oord
i
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te
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ys
tem
an
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st
ati
o
nary
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oor
d
i
na
t
e
s
y
s
te
m
2
,
i
s
t
h
e
grid
f
r
e
que
nc
y,
is
t
he
s
tar
t
i
n
g
an
gle,
a
n
d
c
a
n
b
e
an
y
va
l
u
e.
O
nly
t
h
e
gr
id
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
P
o
w
Elec
&
D
r
i
S
y
st
I
S
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
T
h
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ph
ase p
h
o
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ov
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ic gri
d
i
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v
e
r
ter
sy
ste
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n
b
a
se
d on
PI
C2
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2
5
6
G
B
11
0 …
(
I
h
sa
n
J
a
b
b
a
r
H
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sa
n)
1
217
f
r
e
que
n
c
y
nee
d
s
t
o
b
e
de
t
e
cted,
w
h
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h
r
e
duce
s
t
he
c
on
tr
o
l
d
i
f
f
i
cu
lty
.
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r
ea
se
o
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a
n
aly
s
i
s
,
cou
p
l
i
ng
i
s
pe
r
f
or
m
e
d
b
y
(
3
)
.
(
3
)
I
f
w
e
i
g
n
o
re
t
h
e
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
o
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li
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r
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R
,
th
e
f
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al math
e
m
a
t
i
c
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l
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el
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e obt
ai
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in
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A
c
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i
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us
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P
a
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v
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t
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u
t
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m
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r
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e
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r
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se
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on
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ro
t
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ti
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c
oo
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d
in
at
e
sys
t
em
,
as sho
wn
i
n
(5).
(
5
)
3.
HARDWARE C
I
RCUIT
STRUCTURE
The
ma
in
h
ar
dwa
r
e
par
t
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
ntro
l
s
y
s
t
em
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ses
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C
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1
10
a
s
a
m
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cr
o
c
ontr
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l
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e
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ac
k
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a
c
k
age
,
i
s
o
la
t
i
o
n
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t
e
d
r
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ve
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ircui
t
,
an
d
c
u
rr
en
t
a
n
d
vol
t
a
g
e
s
e
n
so
rs
(
AC
a
n
d
DC
)
.
The
P
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1
1
0
c
on
t
r
ol un
i
t
m
a
in
l
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ple
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es
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he
A
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ve
r
s
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u
n
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t
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on
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n
d
the pr
oces
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n
g
of
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h
e
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lse
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i
dt
h
mod
u
l
at
i
on
c
o
n
t
r
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l
s
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g
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l
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3
.
1
.
T
h
e
PIC2
4
F
J
256
GB
110 c
o
n
t
ro
l
u
n
i
t
The
P
I
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1
0
m
i
c
r
o
co
n
t
r
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ller
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t
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ai
n
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r
t
u
sed
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c
o
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ro
l
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d
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pl
e
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e
n
t
t
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se
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T
he
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2
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6
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B
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i
s
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gr
a
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a
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s
o
f
t
w
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co
mpiler
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o
r
pr
ogr
am
ming,
a
nd
us
i
n
g
C
la
ng
ua
ge
[
6]
[
9
]
[
10]
a
n
d
E
x
p
l
o
r
er
16
ki
t
f
o
r
t
h
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micr
och
i
p.
T
he
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P
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M
con
t
r
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l
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hat
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he
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C
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4
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J
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m
icr
o
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t
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a
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n
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he
t
hr
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e
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p
h
a
se
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ull
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idge
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u
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T
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C
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6
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B
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i
s
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ec
ted
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t
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ghl
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ies
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t
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Exp
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igur
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t
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ith
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1
8
]
Tab
l
e
1.
T
he
p
r
ope
r
t
ies
of
P
I
C24F
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G
B
1
1
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S
p
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l
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A
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(Kby
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i
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r
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a
pture
Input
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Co
m
p
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r
e S
t
d
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9
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C
D
C
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4
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3
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TM
2
En
h
a
n
c
e
d
C
AN
TM
2
I
/
O
P
i
ns
(
Ma
x)(
2
)
44
Pa
ck
a
g
e
PF
, P
T
3.
2.
Th
re
e
-
p
h
ase
MOS
F
E
T
i
n
v
e
r
t
er
p
a
c
k
age
F
i
gur
e
3 pr
ese
n
t
s
the
thr
e
e
-
p
hase
f
u
l
l
br
id
g
e
M
O
S
F
ET mod
u
l
e (
G
W
M 1
00-
01X
1)
o
b
t
a
i
ne
d f
r
o
m t
h
e
I
X
YS
c
om
pan
y
f
or
t
his
s
t
u
d
y
.
The
un
it
ca
n
w
i
t
h
s
t
a
n
d
a
m
a
xim
u
m
c
ur
r
e
nt
o
f
90A
a
n
d
a
m
axim
um
v
o
lta
ge
o
f
10
0V
.
The
S
P
W
M
s
i
gna
ls
g
e
n
er
a
t
e
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
he
P
I
C
24F
J2
5
6
G
B
11
0
ar
e
dr
ive
n
b
y
t
h
e
dr
i
v
e
cir
c
u
it
t
o
d
r
i
ve
t
h
e
MO
S
F
ET.
T
he
M
O
S
F
ET
is
d
r
i
ve
n
b
y
t
h
e
i
n
t
egr
a
ted
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
an
d
I
R
2
1
04
m
o
dul
e
,
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
i
s
ol
at
e
d
by
an
o
pto
c
oup
le
r.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN: 2088-
8694
Int J
P
o
w
El
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
,
V
ol.
10,
N
o.
3
, S
e
p
2
0
1
9
:
121
5
– 1
222
1
218
F
i
gure
3. Thr
ee-
phase
f
ul
l
bri
dge
M
O
S
F
ET modu
le
(
G
W
M
100-
01X
1)
[
]
3.3.
V
ol
t
a
ge a
n
d
c
u
rre
nt
s
e
n
sor
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
The
t
h
ree
-
phas
e
v
o
l
t
a
ge
s
e
n
sor
circ
uit
sh
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
ure
4a
i
s
us
e
d
t
o
m
e
a
s
ur
e
a
phase
A
C
vo
lta
ge
tha
t
i
s
less
tha
n
2
50
V
A
C.
T
he
c
ur
rent
a
c
q
ui
sit
i
o
n
i
s
pe
rform
ed
u
sin
g
a
H
all
sens
or.
The
t
h
re
e-pha
se
H
a
l
l
sens
ors
o
f
t
he
i
nve
r
t
er
i
n
F
i
gure
4
b
a
r
e
w
ide
l
y
use
d
i
n
varia
b
l
e
fre
que
n
c
y
sp
ee
d
c
o
n
t
ro
l
d
e
vi
c
e
s
,
i
n
v
e
rt
e
r
dev
i
ce
s,
U
P
S
pow
er
su
p
p
l
y
de
vice
s,
a
n
d
pow
er
grid
m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
s
y
st
e
m
s
be
c
a
u
se o
f t
h
e
i
r
hi
gh
p
re
c
i
sio
n
, g
ood
line
a
ri
t
y
,
w
i
de
freque
nc
y ban
d
w
i
dt
h,
f
ast r
e
spo
n
se t
im
e,
s
ma
ll
s
i
z
e
,
and
st
r
ong
an
ti-
in
t
e
rfe
renc
e a
b
ili
t
y
.
(a)
(b)
F
i
gure
4.
T
he
s
e
n
s
o
rs:
(a)
V
o
l
t
age
se
nsors a
n
d (b)
Current
s
e
n
s
ors
3.4.
Gate
d
river
cir
c
u
i
t d
e
si
gn
The
MO
SF
ET
fu
ll
bri
dge
o
f
the
thre
e-p
h
a
s
e
in
verte
r
i
s
dri
v
en
b
y
t
he
h
y
b
ri
d
i
n
t
e
gra
t
ed
m
od
ul
e
IR2
1
0
4
g
a
t
e
dr
iv
e
r
I
C.
T
his
dri
v
er
i
s
use
d
a
s
a
MO
S
F
ET
driver
w
i
t
h
i
n
depe
n
d
en
t
t
o
a
no
t
h
er
pow
er
s
up
ply
b
e
ca
use
i
t
i
s
a
h
i
gh
-vo
l
t
a
g
e
,
hi
gh
-sp
e
ed
out
pu
t
c
h
ann
e
l
.
T
he
I
R
2
1
0
4
drive
ha
s
m
a
ny
a
p
p
l
ic
a
t
ions
–
D
C
-
D
C
,
A
C
/
D
C
,
D
C
/
A
C
–
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
-
p
o
w
e
r
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
a
n
d
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
m
o
t
o
r
dr
i
v
e
ap
p
l
i
c
ati
o
ns
s
uc
h
as
h
om
e
app
l
ianc
e
s
a
nd
LED
d
riv
e
rs.
A
ha
lf
-
b
ridge
g
a
te
d
river
circ
u
it
b
ase
d
o
n
I
R
21
0
4
i
s
sh
ow
n
in
F
igur
e
5
w
i
t
h
t
w
o
MOSF
ET trans
i
s
t
ors.
F
i
gure
5. I
R21
04
g
a
te dr
i
ve
r c
i
rcu
i
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
P
o
w
Elec
&
D
r
i
S
y
st
I
S
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
T
h
re
e-
ph
ase p
h
o
t
ov
o
lta
ic gri
d
i
n
v
e
r
ter
sy
ste
m
desig
n
b
a
se
d on
PI
C2
4FJ
2
5
6
G
B
11
0 …
(
I
h
sa
n
J
a
b
b
a
r
H
a
sa
n)
1
219
4.
S
I
MULAT
I
ON AND
PRACT
ICAL R
E
S
UL
TS
Th
is
s
ect
io
n is di
v
ide
d
i
nt
o tw
o
parts
:
the
f
irs
t
p
art
d
i
sc
u
s
se
s
the MATLA
B/Sim
u
li
nk
resu
l
t
s
for
the
thr
e
e-
p
h
a
s
e
p
h
o
t
o
vo
lta
ic
i
n
v
e
r
ter
,
a
nd
the
se
c
ond
par
t
d
i
s
c
u
sse
s
the
pr
act
ic
a
l
s
yste
m’
s
hardw
a
r
e
a
nd
r
e
sult
s.
4.
1.
Th
re
e
-
p
h
ase
simu
l
a
t
i
on
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
F
i
gur
e
6
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
t
he
f
ul
l
s
y
s
t
em
o
f
the
thr
e
e-
phase
P
V
inve
r
t
e
r
w
i
t
h
f
ee
db
a
c
k
a
nd
fu
l
l
c
on
t
r
o
l
.
T
h
is
sys
t
em
w
a
s
b
ui
lt
us
in
g
MA
TLAB
/
Sim
u
li
n
k
.
The
sim
u
la
tio
n
para
me
t
e
r
s
a
r
e
V
_dc
=
5
00V
,
L
=
0.
3mH
,
400
V
A
C
w
it
h
5
0
H
z
a
nd
t
h
e
t
h
r
e
e
-
phase
p
ow
er
g
r
i
d
w
i
t
h
a
c
a
r
r
i
er
f
r
e
quency
o
f
5
k
H
z
.
F
i
gur
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
the
sim
u
la
t
e
d
w
a
v
e
for
m
s
of
t
he
g
r
i
d-
c
o
n
n
ec
te
d
c
u
r
r
e
nt
a
n
d
v
ol
t
a
ge.
The
gr
i
d
-
c
onne
c
t
e
d
c
ur
r
e
nt
s
in
us
o
i
d
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
m
p
r
ov
ed
p
redi
cti
v
e
c
ontro
l
met
hod
i
s
h
i
gh
a
nd
s
t
a
ble
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
n
du
ctanc
e
v
a
l
ue
f
luc
t
ua
t
i
o
n
i
s
sm
all
an
d
sta
b
le,
an
d
the
expec
t
e
d
c
o
n
t
rol
t
a
rge
t
i
s
a
c
h
ie
ve
d.
Beca
use
th
e
gr
i
d
i
s
sy
mm
etr
i
c
a
l,
t
he
v
o
l
tage
a
n
d
c
ur
r
e
nt
w
a
vef
o
r
m
s
of pha
se
A
a
r
e
s
e
l
e
c
ted
to
p
r
e
se
n
t
t
he
c
ur
r
e
nt
a
n
d
v
o
lt
a
g
e.
The
sim
u
lat
i
on
r
esul
ts
o
f
t
h
e
three
-
p
h
ase
p
h
o
to
vo
l
t
ai
c
in
ve
rter
f
or
D
G
d
i
str
i
bu
tio
n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
6
ar
e
pr
esen
ted
i
n
F
i
gur
e
7.
F
i
gur
e
7a
s
how
s
t
h
e
D
C
l
i
nk
v
o
lta
g
e
.
The
out
put
v
olt
a
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
t
h
r
e
e
-
p
h
a
se
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
i
s
show
n
in
F
ig
ur
e
7b,
a
nd
F
i
gur
e
7c
p
r
e
sen
t
s
the
o
u
t
p
ut
c
u
r
r
e
nt o
f
the
t
h
re
e-pha
se
i
n
v
er
t
e
r.
F
i
n
a
lly,
t
h
e
vo
lt
a
g
e
a
nd
c
u
r
r
e
nt
o
f
pha
se
A
a
r
e
s
how
n
in
F
igur
e
7d.
F
i
g
ur
e
7d
pr
esen
ts
t
he
v
o
l
ta
ge
a
nd
c
u
r
r
ent
of
pha
se
A
i
n
t
h
e
sa
me
s
eque
nce
.
F
i
gur
e
6.
T
hr
e
e
-
phase
p
ho
t
o
v
o
lta
ic
i
nver
t
er
w
it
h
fu
l
l
c
on
t
r
ol
c
irc
u
it
(a)
(b
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N: 2
0
8
8
-
86
94
I
n
t
J Po
w
Elec
&
Dr
i
Sy
st,
Vo
l. 1
0
,
No
. 3
,
S
e
p
2
019
:
1
2
1
5
–
1
222
1
220
(c)
(d
)
F
i
gur
e
7.
M
A
TLA
B/S
i
m
u
la
ti
on
r
e
su
lts:
(
a
)
D
C
lin
k
vo
lta
ge
a
cr
oss
DC
l
i
nk
b
u
s
c
ap
acito
r,
(
b
)
Thr
ee-
phase
volta
ge
(
pha
s
e
t
o
gr
o
u
n
d
)
,
(
c)
T
hr
e
e
-
pha
se
i
nve
r
t
er c
u
rre
n
t
(ph
as
e cu
rre
n
t
),
and
(
d
)
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
a
nd
cur
r
ent
r
e
su
lts
f
or
P
ha
se
A
F
i
gur
e
8
pr
e
s
e
n
ts
t
h
e
T
H
D
of
t
h
e
t
hr
ee-
p
h
a
s
e
c
u
r
r
e
nt
s
TH
D
(
phas
e
A
)
=
3
.
34%
,
TH
D
(
phase
B
)
=
3.
40
%
a
n
d
TH
D
(
pha
se
C
)
=
2.
75
3%.
The
a
v
er
a
g
e va
l
u
e
o
f
T
H
D
f
or
the fu
l
l
s
ys
tem
is
e
qua
l
t
o
3.
16%, whic
h
is a
cce
ptable be
c
a
u
se
the
I
EEE
sta
nda
rd a
cc
epts a
T
HD
≤
5%
.
(a)
(b
)
(c)
F
i
gur
e
8.
T
H
D
o
f
thr
e
e
-
p
h
ase
cur
r
ent:
(
a
)
TH
D
(
phase
A
),
(
b)
T
H
D
(
phas
e
B
)
,
a
nd
(
c
)
TH
D
(
phase
C
)
4.
2.
Th
re
e
-
p
h
ase
p
r
act
i
c
a
l
re
su
lt
s
F
i
gur
e
9
pr
esent
t
h
e
dem
o
h
a
r
dw
a
r
e
of
t
he
f
ul
l
s
y
ste
m
o
f
t
h
e
th
re
e-p
h
ase
in
ve
rter
b
u
i
l
t
i
n
t
h
e
l
a
b.
I
t
show
s
t
h
e
iso
l
ate
d
d
r
i
ver
c
i
r
c
uit,
m
easur
i
n
g
v
o
l
tage
a
n
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
i
r
c
ui
t,
t
h
r
ee
-
phase
b
r
i
dge
i
nver
t
e
r
,
and
Ex
pl
or
e
r
16
kit
w
i
th
P
I
C
24F
J
2
5
6
G
B
1
10
m
i
c
r
oco
n
tr
o
l
ler
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
P
o
w
Elec
&
D
r
i
S
y
st
I
S
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
T
h
re
e-
ph
ase p
h
o
t
ov
o
lta
ic gri
d
i
n
v
e
r
ter
sy
ste
m
desig
n
b
a
se
d on
PI
C2
4FJ
2
5
6
G
B
11
0 …
(
I
h
sa
n
J
a
b
b
a
r
H
a
sa
n)
1
221
F
i
gur
e
9.
F
ull
har
d
w
a
r
e
c
ir
c
u
it
o
f
the
thr
e
e
-
pha
se
p
h
o
t
o
vol
taic
in
v
e
r
t
e
r
s
y
s
t
em
The
ou
tp
ut
c
u
r
r
e
nt
a
n
d
v
olt
a
ge
o
f
t
h
e
pr
ac
ti
c
a
l
s
ys
tem
of
t
he
t
hr
ee-
p
h
ase
i
n
ve
rter
i
s
sh
own
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
s
1
0
(
a
)
a
nd
(
b
)
r
e
spec
ti
vel
y
.
F
i
gur
e
1
0
(
c
)
pr
e
s
ents
t
h
e
p
os
i
t
i
v
e
r
e
sul
t
s
of
pha
se
A
’
s
c
ur
r
e
n
t
a
nd
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
in t
he
sam
e
ph
ase.
(a)
(b
)
(c)
F
i
gur
e
1
0
.
The
pr
ac
t
i
c
a
l
r
e
s
ults
:
(
a
)
T
h
r
ee-
phase
o
utp
u
t
v
o
l
tag
e
,
(
b)
T
hr
ee-
phase
o
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
,
a
n
d
(
c
)
V
o
lt
a
g
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
e
nt
i
n
t
h
e
sa
me
phase
i
n
P
h
ase
A
5.
CONCLUSION
Th
is
s
t
u
dy
in
v
o
l
v
e
d
t
he
d
e
s
i
gn
a
nd
imp
l
e
m
entat
i
o
n
of
a
t
hr
ee
-
p
h
ase
p
hot
ov
o
lta
ic
g
ri
d-t
i
ed
i
n
v
er
t
e
r
co
nt
r
o
l
l
e
d
by
PIC
2
4
F
J2
56GB
1
1
0
b
ased
o
n
th
e
di
st
rib
u
t
e
d
g
e
n
er
a
t
i
on
s
ystem
.
T
h
e
m
i
c
r
o
con
t
r
o
l
(
P
I
C
24F
J
2
5
6
G
B
11
0
c
h
i
p
)
c
o
r
e
u
se
d
a
n
a
d
v
anc
e
d
a
nd
po
w
e
r
f
ul
m
icr
o
c
h
i
p
w
i
t
h
hi
gh
r
e
lia
bi
lit
y
a
n
d
hi
g
h
e
f
f
i
cie
n
c
y
.
Th
e
H
a
ll
se
nsor
o
f
the
vo
l
t
a
g
e
and
c
u
r
r
e
nt
w
a
s
u
se
d
t
o
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
A
C
a
n
d
D
C
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
a
n
d
c
u
r
r
e
nt
.
T
h
i
s
p
r
a
ct
ical
d
es
i
g
n
w
a
s
ma
de
i
n
t
h
e
l
a
b
ma
in
ly
b
y
us
in
g
t
h
e
bas
i
c
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
of
t
he
t
hr
ee
-
pha
se
ph
o
t
o
v
o
lta
i
c
i
nve
r
t
er
s
ys
tem
,
s
elec
ti
n
g
t
he
a
pp
r
opr
ia
te
m
ai
n
c
o
ntr
o
l
c
h
ip,
desi
g
n
in
g
t
h
e
t
h
r
e
e
-
p
h
ase
i
n
ver
t
e
r
pow
e
r
s
u
ppl
y
r
e
alise
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
he
P
WM
m
od
ula
t
io
n
me
tho
d
,
a
nd
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
c
u
rren
t
a
nd
vol
t
a
g
e
f
e
e
db
ac
k
l
oop
s
m
ode
i
n
the
i
n
sta
n
ta
ne
ous
v
a
l
ue
m
et
h
od
t
o
e
ns
ur
e
t
h
a
t
t
he
o
u
t
pu
t
of
t
he
i
n
v
er
t
e
r
wa
s
st
able
a
n
d
t
ha
t
the
L
f
i
l
t
er
w
as
u
sed
to
m
a
i
n
t
ai
n
th
e
qua
l
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
ou
tpu
t
pow
er
.
Th
e
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
x
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
v
e
r
i
f
i
e
d
the
r
a
t
i
ona
lit
y
of
t
he
m
at
hem
a
tica
l
m
o
d
e
l
a
nd
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
a
n
d
pr
ov
i
d
ed
a
t
he
or
et
ic
al
b
as
is
f
or
e
n
g
ine
e
r
s
a
nd
tec
hni
c
i
a
n
s.
T
his
m
odel
l
i
ng
an
d
co
ntr
o
l
m
e
tho
d
c
a
n
a
l
s
o
be
e
x
te
n
d
ed
t
o
othe
r
ty
pes
o
f
P
WM
c
han
g
e
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN: 2088-
8694
Int J
P
o
w
El
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
,
V
ol.
10,
N
o.
3
, S
e
p
2
0
1
9
:
121
5
– 1
222
1
222
REFE
RENCES
[1]
D.
V
.
Bo
z
l
ak
ov
,
T
.
L
.
Vand
oo
rn,
B.
M
eersma
n
,
G.
K
.
Pap
a
gian
nis,
A
.
I.
C
hrys
ocho
s,
a
nd
L
.
Vand
evel
de,
“
D
am
p
i
ng-Bas
e
d
D
r
oo
p
Co
n
t
rol
S
t
ra
t
e
gy
A
llo
wing
A
n
Increas
ed
P
en
etrat
i
on
Of
R
enew
abl
e
E
n
e
rgy
Reso
urces
I
n
L
o
w
-
Voltage Gri
d
s,”
IE
E
E
T
r
ans. Power
Deliv
.,
Vol.
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. 4
, p
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. 14
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7
–
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[2]
D
.
B
ozlak
o
v
,
T
.
L.
V
an
do
orn,
B
.
M
eersm
an,
C.
D
em
o
u
lias,
a
n
d
L
.
Van
d
e
v
el
de,
“
V
olt
a
ge
D
i
p
M
iti
g
atio
n
Cap
a
bi
lities
O
f
Three-P
h
ase
D
a
m
p
i
n
g
C
o
nt
r
o
l
S
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
,
”
El
ect
r.
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t
.
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M
.
C
a
s
t
i
l
l
a
,
J
.
M
i
r
e
t
,
A
.
C
a
m
a
c
h
o
,
J
.
M
a
t
a
s
,
a
n
d
L
.
G
.
D
e
V
i
c
u
n
a
,
“
Re
du
c
t
io
n
o
f
c
u
rre
nt
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
distort
i
on
i
n
t
h
ree-p
h
ase
g
r
id
-c
o
n
n
ected
p
ho
to
vo
lta
i
c
i
n
v
erters
v
i
a
r
es
on
ant
cu
rrent
c
o
n
t
r
ol,
”
IEEE
Trans. Ind. Elect
ron
.,
v
o
l
.
6
0
,
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M
o
han
n
ad
J
abb
a
r
M
n
at
i,
D
imitar
V
.
Bozal
ako
v
,
and
Alex
V
an
d
en
B
os
sche,
“
N
ew
P
u
l
se
W
idth
M
odu
la
t
i
o
n
T
echn
i
q
u
e
t
o
R
ed
uce
Los
s
es
f
or
T
hree-P
h
ase
P
h
ot
ov
olt
a
ic
I
nvert
e
rs,”
Acti
ve a
n
d
Pa
ss
ive E
l
ectron
i
c
Comp
on
ent
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
01
8,
2
01
8.
[
Onlin
e].
A
v
a
il
a
b
l
e
:
htt
p
s://doi.
o
rg/
1
0
.
11
55/2
018/4
1
5
7
6
14.
[5]
M
o
hd
R
ud
din
Ab
G
h
a
ni
,
Ihs
a
n
J
aabar
H
asan,
Chi
n
K
im
G
an,
an
d
Z
.
Jan
o
“
L
o
s
s
es
R
ed
uction
an
d
V
o
lt
ag
e
Im
p
r
ov
emen
t
with
O
ptim
u
m
DG
Allo
cati
on
u
s
i
ng
G
A
”,
M
a
gnt Res
e
ar
c
h
Repo
rt
(
Mag
nt)
,
Vo
l.
3
,
pp
.
16
-2
3
,
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15
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[6]
Ih
san
J
a
bb
a
r
H
as
an,
Chi
n
K
im
G
a
n
,
M
e
y
s
am
S
ham
s
hiri
,
Rosli
Bin
O
ma
r
,
a
nd
M
o
h
d
R
ud
din
Ab
G
h
a
ni
,"
O
p
tim
um
F
eeder
R
out
in
g
and
Di
s
t
rib
u
tion
S
ubs
tati
on
P
l
acemen
t
an
d
s
i
z
i
n
g
U
s
i
n
g
P
S
O
a
n
d
M
S
T
"
,
In
dian
Jo
ur
na
l of S
c
ien
ce an
d T
ech
nol
og
y
(
I
NDJST)
,
Vol.
7
(10
)
,
p
p
.
1682-1
6
8
9
,
O
c
t
o
b
er 2
01
4.
[7]
S
.
B
.
Ku
mar,
S
.
Kef
a
le,
and
M
.
A
zat
h,
“
Co
m
p
ari
s
o
n
o
f
Z
-
S
o
u
r
ce
E
Z
-
S
o
u
r
c
e
a
nd
T
Z-S
o
u
r
ce
In
ver
t
er
S
yst
e
m
s
f
or
W
i
n
d
E
nerg
y
Conv
ersi
on
,
”
Inte
rnational Journ
a
l of
Po
wer
Elect
ro
n
i
cs
a
n
d
D
r
iv
e Sys
t
em
(
I
JPEDS)
,
vo
l.
9
,
no.
4
,
p
p
.
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93–
17
01
, 2
018
.
[8]
Z
.
R
as
in,
M
.
F
.
Rahm
an,
M
.
A
zri,
a
nd
H
.
N
.
T
alib,
“
D
esign
an
d
D
evel
op
m
e
nt
o
f
Gri
d
-con
nect
ed
Q
uas
i
-Z
-So
u
rce
P
V
Inv
erter,”
Inter
n
a
tio
nal Jo
ur
n
a
l of
P
o
wer
El
ectro
n
i
cs a
nd Driv
e
S
y
st
em
,
vol.
9
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
19
89–20
05
,
2
0
1
8
.
[9]
S
.
K
.
Das
h
,
B.
N
ayak
,
an
d
J.
B
.
S
a
hu
,
“S
el
ecti
v
e
H
a
rm
oni
c
Elimi
nat
i
o
n
o
f
an
E
le
ven
L
e
vel
Inv
e
rter
U
si
ng
W
h
a
le
O
p
timi
z
a
tio
n
Techn
i
q
u
e,
”
v
o
l.
9
,
no
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
94
4–19
51,
2
0
1
8
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M
.
K
h
a
n
f
ara,
R
.
E
l
B
achti
ri,
M
.
B
ous
setta,
and
K
.
E
l
Hamm
oum
i,
“A
M
u
l
ticarri
e
r
P
W
M
T
echn
i
q
u
e
fo
r
Fi
ve
L
e
vel
Invert
er
C
o
n
n
ected
t
o
t
h
e
Gri
d
,”
In
tern
a
t
io
na
l Jou
r
n
a
l
of P
o
wer Elect
ronics
an
d Dr
ive Sy
s
t
em
(
I
JP
ED
S
)
,
vo
l.
9,
no
.
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4
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8
3
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01
8.
[11]
Ih
san
Jab
b
ar H
a
s
an
, M
e
ys
am S
h
a
m
s
hir
i
,
Ch
in
K
im Gan,
Mo
hd
R
ud
din
A
bGh
a
ni
,
a
n
d
Isma
di
B
in
B
ug
is
,
"
O
p
tima
l
C
a
pa
c
i
to
r
Al
lo
c
a
t
io
n
i
n
D
i
s
tr
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
S
y
s
t
e
m
u
s
i
n
g
P
a
r
t
ic
l
e
S
wa
r
m
Op
ti
mizati
o
n
,
"
T
r
an
s Te
c
h
Pu
b
l
ic
a
t
io
ns Inc
.
on
A
p
p
l
i
e
d M
echan
ics
an
d
M
a
t
e
ri
a
l
s
,
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o
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99,
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7
5
,
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0
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5
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.
S
a
l
am
a,
A
.
Taby
aoui
,
an
d
M
.
B
en
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a
,
“
C
on
trol
M
et
hod
s
o
n
T
h
r
ee-ph
ase
P
o
wer
Co
nv
erters
i
n
P
h
o
t
o
volt
a
ic
Syst
e
m
s
,
”
In
ter
n
a
tio
nal
Jo
ur
na
l o
f
P
o
wer
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ectroni
cs
a
nd
Drive S
y
st
em
,
vol.
9
,
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4
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51–
1
8
65
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0
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T
.
S
elmi
a
n
d
M
.
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i
,
“
A
N
o
v
el
D
C-AC
I
nv
ert
e
r
To
pol
ogy
to
E
li
mi
nate
L
eakage
Cu
rren
t,”
International
Jo
ur
na
l of
P
o
we
r
El
ectro
n
i
cs a
n
d
Drive S
y
st
em
(
I
JPE
D
S)
, vo
l
.
9
, n
o. 4
, p
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. 17
3
3
–
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Ihsan
J
a
bbar
Ha
san,
C
hin
Kim
G
a
n,
M
eys
a
m
Sham
shir
i
,
I
s
m
ad
i
Bin
Bug
i
s,
M
o
h
d
R
ud
din
Ab
G
ha
n
i
,
"
L
osse
s
Red
u
ct
ion
and
V
o
ltage
I
m
p
ro
vem
e
nt
U
si
ng
O
pt
im
um
C
ap
a
c
i
t
o
r
A
ll
oc
a
tio
n
b
y
P
SO
i
n
Po
we
r
Distr
i
bu
tion
N
e
tw
orks
",
In
t
e
rn
at
ion
a
l Revi
ew
on
M
o
d
e
l
li
ng and S
i
m
u
lati
on
s
,
Vol
.
6
,
N
o
.
4
,
p
p.
1
2
19-1
2
2
6
,
Augus
t
2
0
1
3
.
[15]
M
o
han
n
ad
J
ab
bar
M
n
ati,
D
imit
a
r
V
.
Bo
z
a
l
a
ko
v,
a
nd
A
l
e
x
Van
de
n
B
os
sch
e
,
“
A
N
ew
S
yn
chro
ni
z
a
tio
n
Techn
i
q
u
e
o
f
a
T
h
r
ee-P
h
ase
Gri
d
T
ied
In
vert
er
f
o
r
P
ho
tovol
ta
i
c
A
pp
li
catio
ns
,
”
Mathematical Proble
ms in Engi
neering
,
v
o
l
.
2
01
8,
2
01
8.
[
Onlin
e].
A
v
a
il
a
b
l
e
:
htt
p
s://doi.
o
rg/
1
0
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55/2
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8
5
2
6
42.
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M
.
H
.
Zare,
M.
M
o
h
am
adi
a
n,
a
nd
R.
B
eiran
v
an
d,
“
A
Si
ng
le-P
ha
s
e
G
rid-Co
nn
e
c
t
e
d
P
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
I
nv
e
r
te
r
B
a
sed
o
n
a
T
hree-S
w
i
t
ch
T
hree-P
o
rt
F
ly
back
w
it
h
S
e
ries
P
ower
D
ecou
p
li
ng
C
ircuit,
”
IE
EE
Tran
s.
Ind.
Elect
ro
n
.,
v
o
l
.
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,
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0
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07
1,
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U.
S
.
B.
O
.
O
t
g
, PIC
24
FJ2
5
6
G
B
2
1
0
Fami
l
y
Da
ta Sheet 16
-
B
i
t
F
l
a
s
h
M
i
c
roco
nt
ro
llers,
201
0.
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Mi
cro
c
hip
, “1
6
-
b
i
t
Emb
ed
ded
C
o
n
t
ro
l So
l
u
ti
o
n
s
,”
C
at, no
. Marc
h
,
2
00
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[19]
M
.
Rati
ngs
an
d
C
. Valu
e
s
, “Th
ree
ph
a
s
e f
u
l
l
Brid
g
e wi
th
T
ren
c
h
M
O
SF
ETs
i
n
DCB is
o
l
ated hi
g
h
current
p
a
c
k
a
ge
GW
M
1
0
0
-
01X1,
”
pp
.
1–
7,
2
0
1
1
.
[20]
Mnati,MJ,
H
a
san,A,
B
oss
c
he,AV.A
n
i
mp
rov
e
d
si
c-m
o
sf
et
g
at
e
dri
v
e
r
circu
i
t
c
ont
rolled
by
dsp
i
c3
3f
j2
56
gp
710
a.
6
t
h
Eu
r.
Conf. Ren.
Ener
gy S
y
s
.
25
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Ju
ne
2
018,
I
stan
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l,
T
urk
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M
.
J
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Mn
ati,
A
.
Van
den
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s
che
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J.
M
.
V
.
B
i
k
o
r
im
ana,
“
D
e
s
i
g
n
o
f
a
h
a
l
f
-
b
r
i
d
g
e
b
o
o
t
s
t
r
a
p
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
f
o
r
g
r
i
d
i
n
v
e
rter
a
pp
li
catio
n
con
t
roled
by
P
I
C24
F
J1
28
GA0
10
,
”
201
6 IE
EE Intern
ationa
l Conferen
ce
on R
e
newab
l
e
E
n
er
gy
R
e
sear
c
h
and
A
pplica
t
i
o
n
s
,
Bir
mi
ngh
am
,
20
16
, pp
.
8
5-
89
.
d
o
i: 1
0
.1
10
9
/
I
CRERA.2
01
6.7
8
8
4
4
0
9
[22]
International Rectifie
r,
“
IR2184(
4
)(S) &
(PbF) H
a
l
f
-Br
i
dge Driv
er,
”
D
ata
S
h
eet,
v
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l.
2
10
4,
p
p
.
1
–
2
4
,
A
pril
2
006.
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[O
nlin
e].
Av
ail
a
b
l
e:
h
tt
p://w
w
w
.
interplus-
i
n
dust
ry.
f
r
/in
de
x
.
ph
p
?
o
p
t
i
on=co
m
_
co
nten
t&v
i
ew=art
icl
e
&
i
d=5
2
&
It
emid
=17
3
&lan
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,” p.
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B.
P
layers
,
H.
T
h
eaters,
G
.
S
e
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,
P
.
M
a
g
n
et,
S
.
M
ot
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W
.
S
c
ales
,
W.
S
.
Ran
g
e
s
,
an
d
L.
S
.
D
r
ai
n,
“
LM
x58
,
L
M
x5
8x
,
L
M
2
9
0
4
,
LM
2
904V
D
ual
Op
erati
onal
Am
pli
f
iers
P
ACKA
GE
I
N
+
IN
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,
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[25]
F
.
I
n
t
egr
a
t
e
d
,
H
.
E
.
L
i
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ear
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12
,” pp
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M
.
J
.
M
n
a
t
i
,
A
.
V
a
n
d
e
n
B
o
s
s
c
h
e
,
a
n
d
R
.
C
h
i
s
a
b
,
“
A
S
m
a
r
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
an
d
Cu
rrent
M
o
n
ito
ri
ng
S
ys
tem
f
o
r
T
h
ree
P
h
ase
Inv
e
rters
U
s
i
n
g
an
A
nd
ro
i
d
S
m
a
rtp
h
o
n
e
Ap
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on,”
Sen
s
or
s
,
v
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l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
.
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.
[On
l
i
n
e
]
.
Avai
lable
:
h
ttp:/
/www.
m
dp
i
.
co
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