I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
w
er
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
Sy
s
t
e
m
(
I
J
P
E
DS
)
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
305
~
315
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
p
ed
s
.
v8
i
1
.
3
0
5
-
315
305
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
JP
E
DS
M
o
deling
a
nd
An
a
ly
sis
of a No
v
el
Ada
ptive
H
y
stere
sis
Ba
nd
Co
ntroller
for Bo
o
st and
Buc
k
C
o
n
v
erte
r
T
a
n
m
o
y
Ro
y
Cho
ud
hu
ry
1
,
B
y
a
m
a
k
es
h Na
y
a
k
2
1,
2
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
,
KIIT
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Bh
u
b
a
n
e
sw
a
r
–
2
4
,
Od
ish
a
,
I
n
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Oct
1
9
,
2
0
1
6
R
ev
i
s
ed
Dec
2
5
,
2
0
1
6
A
cc
ep
ted
J
an
0
4
,
2
0
1
7
In
th
is
p
a
p
e
r,
a
n
e
w
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
H
y
ste
re
sis
Ba
n
d
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
f
o
r
Bo
o
st
&
Bu
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
p
ro
p
o
se
d
,
m
o
d
e
led
a
n
d
a
n
a
l
y
z
e
d
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
icu
lt
ies
c
a
u
se
d
in
H
y
ste
re
sis
Ba
n
d
(HB)
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
d
c
-
d
c
c
o
n
v
e
rter
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
e
li
m
in
a
ted
u
sin
g
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
H
y
ste
re
sis
Ba
n
d
(AH
B)
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r.
T
h
is
n
o
v
e
l
c
o
n
tr
o
l
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
c
a
n
b
e
a
b
le
to
m
a
in
tain
th
e
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
sta
n
t
u
n
li
k
e
HB
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r.
T
h
u
s
th
e
f
il
ter
d
e
sig
n
f
o
r
th
e
c
o
n
v
e
rters
w
il
l
b
e
c
o
m
e
e
a
sie
r
w
it
h
th
is
c
o
n
tro
l
ler.
A
g
a
in
th
is
c
o
n
tro
l
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
is
a
ro
b
u
st
o
n
e
a
s
it
d
e
p
e
n
d
s
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
sy
ste
m
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
w
h
e
re
th
e
re
wa
s
n
o
p
o
ss
ib
i
li
ty
w
it
h
HB
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r.
T
h
e
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
a
l
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
is
sh
o
w
n
in
th
is
p
a
p
e
r,
f
u
rth
e
r
th
is
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
sim
u
late
d
u
si
n
g
M
a
tl
a
b
/S
IM
UL
INK
to
g
e
n
e
ra
te
p
u
lse
.
T
h
e
ste
a
d
y
sta
te
a
n
a
l
y
sis
to
f
in
d
th
e
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
a
n
d
th
e
sta
b
il
it
y
c
o
n
d
it
io
n
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
v
e
rter
u
sin
g
t
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
b
e
h
a
v
io
r
is
a
lso
p
o
rtray
e
d
in
th
i
s
p
a
p
e
r.
T
h
e
sim
u
latio
n
f
o
r
a
Bo
o
st
a
n
d
a
Bu
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter i
s als
o
sh
o
w
n
se
p
a
ra
tel
y
u
sin
g
A
HB c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
DC
-
DC
p
o
wer
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
A
d
ap
tiv
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
an
d
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
M
o
d
elin
g
R
o
b
u
s
t
c
o
n
tr
o
l
S
im
u
latio
n
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
7
In
s
t
it
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
T
an
m
o
y
R
o
y
C
h
o
u
d
h
u
r
y
,
Sch
o
o
l o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
,
KI
I
T
Un
iv
er
s
i
t
y
,
B
h
u
b
an
e
s
w
ar
–
2
4
,
Od
is
h
a,
I
n
d
ia
.
E
m
ail: ta
n
m
o
y
.
n
ita2
0
0
9
@
r
ed
if
f
m
ai
l.c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
No
w
-
a
-
d
a
y
s
,
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
v
er
y
m
u
c
h
u
s
e
f
u
l
i
n
all
s
o
r
ts
o
f
f
ield
s
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
in
t
h
e
f
ield
o
f
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
a
s
well
as
v
ar
io
u
s
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
[
1
]
.
E
v
en
t
h
i
s
is
v
er
y
m
u
c
h
e
s
s
e
n
tial
to
co
n
v
er
t
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
to
f
u
l
f
ill
th
e
p
o
w
er
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
a
s
t
h
e
g
lo
b
al
w
ar
m
i
n
g
d
u
e
to
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
co
m
b
u
s
tio
n
o
f
f
o
s
s
i
l
f
u
e
ls
o
cc
u
r
s
.
So
d
a
y
b
y
d
a
y
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
s
s
h
o
u
ld
co
m
m
e
n
s
u
r
atel
y
b
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
g
lo
b
al
w
ar
m
in
g
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
e
is
s
u
es
r
elati
n
g
to
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
t
er
also
h
av
e
to
b
e
m
i
n
u
te
l
y
a
n
al
y
ze
d
an
d
to
b
e
s
o
lv
ed
.
B
asicall
y
an
y
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
t
er
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
t
o
b
e
o
p
er
ate
d
in
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
f
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
b
eh
a
v
io
r
.
I
n
th
i
s
co
n
t
ex
t t
h
er
e
ar
e
v
ar
io
u
s
co
n
tr
o
l st
r
ateg
ies a
v
ailab
le
t
ill
n
o
w
.
Am
o
n
g
t
h
ese,
v
o
lta
g
e
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
B
u
t
th
i
s
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
al
wa
y
s
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
w
h
ile
th
e
lo
ad
i
s
d
r
a
m
atica
ll
y
ch
a
n
g
ed
[
2
]
.
Her
e
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
also
b
ec
o
m
e
s
f
ailed
i
n
t
h
is
co
n
d
itio
n
as
th
e
g
en
er
al
o
p
er
atio
n
is
to
tall
y
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
f
lo
ad
,
ca
p
ac
ito
r
an
d
i
n
d
u
cto
r
v
a
lu
e
s
[
2
]
.
B
u
t
t
h
e
ac
t
io
n
s
li
k
e
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
ti
n
g
a
n
d
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
is
to
tall
y
d
ep
en
d
in
g
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
ab
o
v
e
s
a
id
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
.
Am
o
n
g
t
h
e
v
ar
io
u
s
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
an
d
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
Hy
s
ter
es
is
B
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
is
v
er
y
p
o
p
u
lar
ly
u
s
e
d
as
it
is
ea
s
y
to
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
[
3
]
.
Ag
ain
it
p
la
y
s
a
v
i
tal
r
o
le
in
m
a
in
tai
n
i
n
g
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
b
u
t
r
ip
p
le
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
af
f
ec
ted
,
t
h
u
s
b
y
m
a
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
r
o
b
u
s
t
[
2
]
.
H
y
s
ter
esi
s
b
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
i
m
m
ed
iatel
y
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
a
n
y
s
y
s
te
m
v
ar
iatio
n
.
Sti
ll
th
er
e
ar
e
f
e
w
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
s
o
f
th
is
co
n
tr
o
l
s
u
ch
as
it
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ab
le
to
b
e
o
p
er
ated
in
all
t
y
p
es
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
s
an
d
it
g
i
v
es
a
v
ar
iab
l
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
[
2
]
.
So
t
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
f
i
lter
cir
cu
it
b
ec
o
m
e
s
to
u
g
h
f
o
r
th
is
t
y
p
e
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l.
E
v
en
i
n
t
h
e
wo
r
s
t
ca
s
e
co
n
d
itio
n
i.e
.
lo
w
est
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
th
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
f
ilte
r
b
ec
o
m
e
s
v
er
y
b
ig
[
4
]
.
A
g
ai
n
,
s
in
ce
t
h
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
P
W
M
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
s
h
ap
p
en
in
g
w
ith
in
a
f
i
x
ed
b
an
d
,
it
is
v
er
y
m
u
ch
r
eq
u
ir
ed
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
3
0
5
–
315
306
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
p
ea
k
to
p
ea
k
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ip
p
le
at
all
p
o
in
ts
o
f
ti
m
e
.
Du
e
to
th
is
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
q
u
a
n
tit
y
g
et
s
ad
d
ed
t
o
th
e
lo
ad
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
p
u
t
m
o
r
e
s
tr
es
s
o
n
th
e
lo
ad
cir
cu
it
[
3
]
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
P
ea
k
C
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
Mo
d
e
(
P
C
MC)
an
d
Av
er
ag
e
C
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
m
o
d
e
(
A
C
M
C
)
ca
n
also
b
e
u
s
ef
u
l
f
o
r
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
.
B
u
t,
P
C
MC
f
ac
es
th
e
p
r
ese
n
ce
o
f
s
u
b
-
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
o
s
cillatio
n
s
at
h
i
g
h
er
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
les
a
n
d
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
r
a
m
p
a
l
s
o
p
r
ev
ails
o
n
t
h
at.
W
h
er
ea
s
,
in
AC
MC,
c
u
r
r
en
t e
r
r
o
r
am
p
lif
ier
h
av
e
to
b
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
l
y
d
es
ig
n
ed
w
it
h
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
co
n
s
ta
n
t
w
i
th
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
an
d
i
f
th
e
b
an
d
s
ca
n
b
e
v
ar
ied
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
th
e
m
o
d
u
lati
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
co
n
s
ta
n
t.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
ad
o
p
ted
b
y
u
s
in
g
A
d
ap
tiv
e
H
y
s
ter
esi
s
b
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l,
f
ir
s
t
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
B
o
s
e
[
3
]
in
1
9
9
0
s
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
P
W
M
in
v
er
ter
f
o
r
m
ac
h
in
e
d
r
iv
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
L
ater
t
h
is
co
n
ce
p
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
u
ti
lized
b
y
Kale
et
a
l.
[
6
]
in
2
0
0
5
in
S
h
u
n
t
A
cti
v
e
P
o
w
er
Fil
ter
.
So
t
h
i
s
co
n
ce
p
t
ca
n
als
o
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
lli
n
g
t
h
e
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
.
E
ar
lier
t
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
w
as
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
t
w
o
p
u
ls
es
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
,
as
th
e
i
n
v
er
ted
an
d
n
o
n
-
in
v
er
ted
s
i
g
n
al
s
.
B
u
t
s
in
ce
t
h
e
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
s
lik
e
B
u
c
k
an
d
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
t
er
s
etc.
r
eq
u
ir
e
o
n
ly
o
n
e
s
w
it
ch
,
s
o
th
e
n
o
n
-
in
v
er
ted
s
ig
n
a
l
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Her
e,
th
e
s
tead
y
s
tate
an
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
in
Sec
tio
n
2
w
h
er
ea
s
,
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
b
eh
av
io
r
is
d
escr
ib
ed
in
Sect
io
n
3
.
T
h
e
Ma
th
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
elin
g
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
i
s
d
escr
ib
ed
i
n
Sectio
n
4
an
d
at
last
i
n
S
ec
tio
n
5
&
6
,
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
a
n
d
C
o
n
clu
s
io
n
i
s
k
ep
t r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
2.
P
RINCI
P
L
E
O
F
O
P
E
R
AT
I
O
N
2
.
1
.
B
o
o
s
t
Co
nv
er
t
er
A
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
i
n
I
d
ea
l
co
n
d
itio
n
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
.
I
t
is
o
p
er
ated
in
t
w
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
o
d
e
s
,
i.e
.
ON
Mo
d
e
a
n
d
OF
F
Mo
d
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
an
d
1
(
c)
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
p
ath
i
n
ea
c
h
m
o
d
e
is
s
h
o
w
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
m
ar
o
o
n
co
lo
r
ed
p
ath
s
.
T
h
e
s
tead
y
s
tate
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
o
f
t
h
e
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
c
a
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
w
ith
r
e
f
er
en
ce
to
[
7
]
as,
0
()
()
()
1
in
t
t
t
v
v
d
(
1
)
2
()
()
()
1
L
in
t
t
t
i
dR
v
(
2
)
2
(
)
(
)
1
x
s
tt
d
d
R
L
f
p
e
r
u
n
i
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
(
3
)
()
x
x
s
t
d
C
f
R
p
e
r
u
n
i
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
(
4
)
w
h
er
e,
d
(
t
)
is
t
h
e
d
u
t
y
r
atio
,
f
s
is
t
h
e
s
w
itch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
p
er
u
n
it
r
ip
p
le
m
ea
n
s
()
()
L
L
t
t
i
i
an
d
()
()
C
C
t
t
v
v
f
o
r
in
d
u
cto
r
a
n
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
Ag
ai
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
er
ato
r
ter
m
s
s
i
g
n
i
f
y
th
e
p
ea
k
-
p
ea
k
r
ip
p
le
o
f
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
(
a)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Mo
d
elin
g
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f a
N
o
ve
l A
d
a
p
tive
H
yster
esis
B
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
fo
r
.
.
.
.
(
Ta
n
mo
y
R
o
y
C
h
o
u
d
h
u
r
y)
307
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
1.
C
ir
cu
it d
ia
g
r
a
m
o
f
(
a
)
I
d
ea
l Bo
o
s
t Co
n
v
er
ter
,
(
b
)
O
N
Mo
d
e,
(
c)
OFF Mo
d
e
2
.
2
.
B
uck
Co
nv
er
t
er
A
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
in
I
d
ea
l
co
n
d
itio
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
.
I
t
is
o
p
er
ated
in
t
w
o
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
m
o
d
es,
i.e
.
ON
Mo
d
e
a
n
d
OF
F
Mo
d
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
an
d
2
(
c)
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
p
ath
i
n
ea
c
h
m
o
d
e
is
s
h
o
w
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
m
ar
o
o
n
co
lo
r
ed
p
ath
s
.
T
h
e
s
tead
y
s
tate
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
o
f
t
h
e
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
c
a
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
w
ith
r
e
f
er
en
ce
to
[
7
]
as,
0
(
)
(
)
in
t
d
t
vv
(
5
)
0
0
()
(
)
(
)
L
t
tt
v
ii
R
(
6
)
()
1
x
s
t
Rd
L
f
p
e
r
u
n
i
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
(
7
)
()
x
x
s
t
d
C
R
f
p
e
r
u
n
i
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
(
8
)
(
a)
(b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
ir
cu
it d
ia
g
r
a
m
o
f
(
a
)
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
i
n
id
ea
l c
o
n
d
itio
n
,
(
b
)
ON
Mo
d
e,
(
c
)
OFF Mo
d
e
3.
DYNA
M
I
C
B
E
H
AVIO
R
O
F
CO
NVER
T
E
R
S
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
p
o
w
er
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
t
er
s
ar
e
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
8
]
-
[
9
]
.
Usi
n
g
t
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
s
tat
e
s
p
ac
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
B
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
an
d
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le.
3
.
1
.
B
o
o
s
t
Co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
s
tate
s
p
ac
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
B
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
3
0
5
–
315
308
()
()
()
()
1
1
0
()
11
()
0
()
L
C
L
in
C
t
t
L
t
dt
C
R
C
d
t
i
L
v
t
i
vt
v
(
9
)
T
h
is
is
a
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
m
o
d
el
&
it
is
u
s
ed
v
er
y
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
f
o
r
th
e
an
al
y
s
is
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
o
f
DC
-
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
Fo
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
is
m
e
th
o
d
,
th
i
s
n
o
n
lin
e
ar
m
o
d
el
h
a
s
to
b
e
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
a
lin
ea
r
m
o
d
el
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
a
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
in
to
a
n
o
m
i
n
al
p
o
in
t.
No
w
a
s
m
all
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
is
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
s
ig
n
al
s
f
o
r
f
i
n
d
in
g
o
u
t lin
ea
r
izatio
n
as:
(
)
(
)
d
t
D
d
t
&
(
)
(
)
i
n
i
n
i
n
v
t
V
v
t
Her
e,
th
e
u
p
p
er
ca
s
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ies
th
e
n
o
m
i
n
al
p
o
in
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
y
m
b
o
l
~
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
a
p
er
tu
r
b
ati
o
n
ap
p
lied
.
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
ar
e
ap
p
lied
in
to
(
9
)
an
d
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
i
s
f
o
r
m
ed
as:
()
(
)
(
)
()
()
()
1
0
11
L
L
L
CC
C
L
C
t
tt
t
t
t
Dd
i
I
i
L
D
Vv
v
C
R
C
I
d
V
()
1
0
i
n
i
n
t
Vv
L
(
10
)
T
h
e
lin
ea
r
av
er
a
g
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
s
u
b
tr
ac
ti
n
g
th
e
a
v
er
a
g
ed
v
al
u
e
o
f
(
9
)
f
r
o
m
(
1
0
)
an
d
ig
n
o
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
er
o
r
d
er
t
er
m
s
as:
2
()
(
)
(
)
()
()
()
1
1
0
1
11
0
1
in
LL
in
C
C
t
tt
t
t
t
V
D
d
L
L
ii
L
V
D
v
v
C
R
C
d
R
C
()
()
in
t
t
d
v
(
11
)
No
w
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l to
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lt
ag
e
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
ca
n
b
e
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
eq
u
at
io
n
(
1
1
)
as,
22
2
2
2
()
{
(
1
)
}
(
1
)
{
(
1
)
}
C
in
s
L
R
V
s
R
C
L
D
v
D
s
C
L
R
s
L
R
D
d
(
12
)
T
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
h
a
s
b
ee
n
an
al
y
ze
d
u
s
in
g
B
o
d
e
d
iag
r
am
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
g
ai
n
s
ar
e
also
ad
j
u
s
ted
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
cr
iter
io
n
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
w
it
h
R
L
T
o
o
l in
MA
T
L
A
B
.
T
h
e
g
ain
s
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
h
as b
ee
n
f
o
u
n
d
as
1
.
8
2
p
k
&
6
3
.
2
9
i
k
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
lo
s
ed
L
o
o
p
B
o
d
e
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l to
o
u
tp
u
t tr
a
n
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
B
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
-
80
-
60
-
40
-
20
0
20
M
a
g
n
i
t
u
d
e
(
d
B
)
10
0
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
-
180
-
135
-
90
-
45
0
P
h
a
s
e
(
d
e
g
)
B
o
d
e
D
i
a
g
r
a
m
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
r
a
d
/
s
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Mo
d
elin
g
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f a
N
o
ve
l A
d
a
p
tive
H
yster
esis
B
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
fo
r
.
.
.
.
(
Ta
n
mo
y
R
o
y
C
h
o
u
d
h
u
r
y)
309
3
.
2
.
B
uck
Co
nv
er
t
er
State
s
p
ac
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
B
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
i
n
th
e
s
a
m
e
w
a
y
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
as:
()
(
)
(
)
()
()
()
1
0
11
0
LL
in
C
C
t
tt
t
t
t
d
ii
L
L
v
v
C
R
C
v
(
13
)
Ag
ai
n
to
g
et
th
e
li
n
ea
r
eq
u
ati
o
n
,
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
h
a
s
to
b
e
a
d
d
ed
in
th
e
ab
o
v
e
eq
u
atio
n
b
y
m
ak
in
g
it a
n
av
er
a
g
ed
m
o
d
el.
(
)
(
)
()
()
1
0
11
L
L
L
L
CC
CC
tt
t
t
II
L
V
V
C
R
C
ii
v
v
()
(
)
}
{
0
in
in
t
t
D
V
L
d
v
(
14
)
T
h
e
lin
ea
r
av
er
ag
ed
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
B
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
is
o
b
tai
n
ed
as:
(
)
(
)
()
()
1
0
()
11
()
00
in
LL
C
i
n
C
tt
t
t
t
L
t
C
R
C
V
D
i
i
d
LL
vv
v
(
15
)
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l to
o
u
tp
u
t tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
f
o
r
th
e
B
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
te
r
is
,
2
()
C
i
n
v
R
V
s
s
C
L
R
s
L
R
d
(
16
)
C
lo
s
ed
L
o
o
p
B
o
d
e
d
iag
r
am
o
f
B
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
h
as
also
b
ee
n
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
g
ain
s
ar
e
al
s
o
ad
j
u
s
ted
w
it
h
R
L
T
o
o
l
in
M
A
T
L
A
B
in
th
e
s
a
m
e
w
a
y
as
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
g
ain
s
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
h
as b
ee
n
f
o
u
n
d
as
0
.
0
5
6
p
k
&
4
.
6
9
8
i
k
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
C
lo
s
ed
L
o
o
p
B
o
d
e
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l to
o
u
tp
u
t tr
a
n
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
B
u
ck
C
o
n
v
er
ter
4.
M
O
DE
L
I
N
G
O
F
AD
AP
T
I
V
E
H
YST
E
R
E
S
I
S B
AND
CO
NT
RO
L
L
E
R
T
h
e
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
b
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
its
u
s
e
f
u
l
n
es
s
i
n
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
n
tr
o
lled
p
o
w
er
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
ev
ice
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
ac
ti
v
e
p
o
w
er
f
ilter
s
etc.
I
t
h
as
s
o
m
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
s
li
k
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
s
ta
b
ilit
y
,
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
r
esp
o
n
s
e
an
d
b
ette
r
ac
cu
r
a
c
y
[6
]
,
[
10
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
B
u
t
th
e
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
ac
e
s
s
o
m
e
u
n
w
a
n
te
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
l
ik
e
v
ar
iab
le
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
w
h
ic
h
ca
u
s
e
s
ac
o
u
s
tic
n
o
is
e
an
d
f
ilter
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
[
12
]
.
-
60
-
40
-
20
0
20
M
a
g
n
i
t
u
d
e
(
d
B
)
10
1
10
2
10
3
10
4
10
5
-
180
-
135
-
90
-
45
0
P
h
a
s
e
(
d
e
g
)
B
o
d
e
D
i
a
g
r
a
m
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
r
a
d
/
s
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
3
0
5
–
315
310
T
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
b
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
m
e
th
o
d
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
er
r
o
r
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
i
n
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
th
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
p
ass
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
d
ef
in
ed
h
y
s
ter
es
is
b
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
Her
e
th
e
s
w
it
ch
in
g
p
u
l
s
e
is
g
en
er
ated
as
f
o
l
lo
w
s
:
i
f,
*
(
)
(
)
()
LL
tt
i
i
H
B
,
p
u
ls
e
=
HI
GH;
if
,
*
(
)
(
)
()
LL
tt
i
i
H
B
; p
u
ls
e
=
L
OW
;
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t c
o
n
tr
o
ller
T
h
e
w
id
th
o
f
th
e
b
a
n
d
is
u
n
ch
an
g
ea
b
le.
So
th
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
s
u
c
h
m
et
h
o
d
is
al
w
a
y
s
v
ar
iab
le.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
d
escr
ib
ed
ab
o
v
e
is
d
ep
en
d
in
g
u
p
o
n
h
o
w
r
ap
id
l
y
th
e
i
n
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
ch
a
n
g
e
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
u
p
p
er
li
m
it
to
lo
w
er
li
m
i
t
o
f
t
h
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
a
n
d
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
b
y
co
n
tr
o
lli
n
g
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
,
it
i
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
co
n
tr
o
l th
e
av
er
ag
e
s
w
itch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y.
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
s
aid
p
r
o
b
lem
s
ca
n
b
e
m
i
n
i
m
ized
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
a
c
h
a
n
g
e
i
n
t
h
e
b
an
d
w
i
d
th
as
p
er
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
f
o
r
m
ai
n
tai
n
i
n
g
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
as
co
n
s
ta
n
t.
I
n
t
h
is
r
eg
a
r
d
,
B
o
s
e
[
3
]
p
u
t
th
e
f
ir
s
t
lig
h
t
o
n
A
d
ap
ti
v
e
H
y
s
ter
e
s
is
B
a
n
d
C
u
r
r
en
t
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
i
n
th
e
f
ield
o
f
P
W
M
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
is
id
ea
ca
n
also
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
a
n
d
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
e
r
ter
.
I
n
th
i
s
co
n
tr
o
l
tec
h
n
iq
u
e,
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
i
s
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
l
y
c
h
a
n
g
in
g
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t to
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
s
t
o
m
ai
n
tai
n
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
n
s
ta
n
t
.
T
h
e
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
h
y
s
ter
es
is
b
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
ller
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
W
h
e
n
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t
(
()
L
t
i
)
r
is
es
f
r
o
m
lo
w
er
b
an
d
to
u
p
p
er
b
an
d
,
th
e
s
w
itc
h
o
f
th
e
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
h
as to
b
e
tu
r
n
ed
ON
.
Ag
ai
n
w
h
e
n
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
(
()
L
t
i
)
s
tar
ts
to
f
all
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
u
p
p
er
b
an
d
lev
el,
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
g
et
s
t
u
r
n
ed
O
FF
a
s
t
h
e
p
u
ls
e
b
ec
o
m
e
s
lo
w
er
.
T
h
e
eq
u
at
io
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
f
i
n
d
t
h
e
A
d
ap
ti
v
e
H
y
s
t
er
esis
B
an
d
f
o
r
B
u
c
k
a
n
d
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
p
ar
t.
0
()
in
t
v
1
t
2
t
()
L
t
i
*
()
L
t
i
()
L
t
i
2
H
B
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
C
u
r
r
en
t a
n
d
v
o
lta
g
e
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
H
y
s
ter
esi
s
B
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t c
o
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
d
c
-
d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
s
4
.
1
.
B
o
o
s
t
Co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
B
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
ca
n
b
e
w
r
it
ten
in
t
h
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
i
n
ter
v
a
l
s
t
1
a
n
d
t
2
f
r
o
m
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Mo
d
elin
g
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f a
N
o
ve
l A
d
a
p
tive
H
yster
esis
B
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
fo
r
.
.
.
.
(
Ta
n
mo
y
R
o
y
C
h
o
u
d
h
u
r
y)
311
()
()
L
in
t
t
di
d
t
L
v
(
17
)
0
(
)
(
)
()
L
in
tt
t
v
di
d
t
L
v
(
18
)
Fro
m
th
e
g
eo
m
etr
y
o
f
F
ig
u
r
e
4
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itte
n
as,
11
()
()
2
LL
t
t
d
i
d
i
t
t
H
B
d
t
d
t
(
19
)
22
*
(
)
(
)
2
LL
tt
d
i
d
i
t
t
H
B
d
t
d
t
(
20
)
12
1
C
f
t
t
(
21
)
w
h
er
e,
t
1
an
d
t
2
ar
e
th
e
r
esp
ec
t
iv
e
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
in
ter
v
als,
f
c
i
s
th
e
s
w
itch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
A
d
d
in
g
(
1
9
)
an
d
(
2
0
)
an
d
s
u
b
s
t
itu
t
in
g
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
(
2
1
)
o
n
it b
ec
o
m
e
s
as,
12
*
(
)
(
)
(
)
1
0
L
L
L
C
t
t
t
d
i
d
i
d
i
tt
d
t
d
t
f
d
t
(
22
)
Su
b
tr
ac
ti
n
g
(
2
0
)
f
r
o
m
(
1
9
)
,
w
e
g
et
1
2
1
2
(
)
(
)
(
)
*
(
)
4
L
L
L
t
t
t
d
i
d
i
d
i
t
t
t
t
H
B
d
t
d
t
d
t
(
23
)
Su
b
s
ti
tu
t
in
g
t
h
e
v
al
u
es o
f
(
1
7
)
,
(
1
8
)
in
to
(
2
2
)
,
w
e
g
et
2
0
()
()
()
*
in
L
C
t
dt
L
t
f
L
d
v
i
t
vt
(
24
)
R
ep
lacin
g
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
2
i
n
to
eq
u
atio
n
(
2
1
)
,
it is
f
o
u
n
d
th
at,
1
0
*
()
()
()
1
1
in
L
C
t
t
t
di
L
t
f
L
d
t
v
v
(
2
5
)
No
w
t
h
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
eq
u
atio
n
(
2
3
)
g
iv
es,
0
2
**
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
()
1
2
LL
C
i
n
i
n
tt
tt
HB
t
d
i
d
i
L
f
L
d
t
L
d
t
vv
v
(
26
)
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
b
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
c
h
an
g
e
s
it
s
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
to
m
ain
tai
n
co
n
s
ta
n
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
i
n
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
()
L
t
i
ch
an
g
e
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
h
y
s
ter
es
is
b
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
ap
p
licatio
n
m
e
th
o
d
is
d
escr
ib
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
e
lp
o
f
b
l
o
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
7
.
Her
e
th
e
g
en
er
ated
HB
h
as
to
b
e
ap
p
lied
w
h
ich
is
a
v
ar
iab
le
p
ar
am
eter
i.e
.
ad
ap
tiv
e
in
n
a
tu
r
e
t
h
at
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
3
0
5
–
315
312
No
w
,
t
h
i
s
b
a
n
d
is
co
m
p
ar
e
d
w
i
th
t
h
e
i
n
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
en
t,
()
L
t
i
an
d
t
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t,
()
L
t
i
g
en
er
ated
b
y
t
h
e
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
,
b
y
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
tated
ab
o
v
e,
g
en
er
ate
s
th
e
p
u
ls
e
an
d
th
is
i
s
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
s
w
i
tch
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
to
co
m
p
en
s
a
te
th
e
er
r
o
r
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
co
m
m
a
n
d
an
d
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
also
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
Ad
ap
tiv
e
H
y
s
ter
esis
B
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ller
in
B
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
4
.
2
.
B
uck
Co
nv
er
t
er
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
t
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
ca
n
b
e
d
er
iv
ed
as,
0
()
1
(
)
(
)
{}
L
in
d
i
t
tt
dL
vv
t
(
27
)
0
()
1
()
L
d
i
t
t
dL
v
t
(
28
)
Su
b
s
ti
tu
t
in
g
t
h
e
v
al
u
es o
f
(
2
7
)
&
(
2
8
)
in
to
(
2
2
)
,
w
e
g
et
0
1
()
()
()
L
C
in
t
t
t
v
di
L
t
v
f
L
d
t
(
29
)
P
u
ttin
g
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
1
in
eq
u
at
io
n
(
2
1
)
,
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
co
m
e
s
as
,
0
2
()
()
()
1
L
in
t
t
t
v
di
L
t
v
L
d
t
(
30
)
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
al
l th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
u
n
d
,
th
e
s
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
eq
u
atio
n
(
2
3
)
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
a
s
,
2
0
()
()
()
2
L
C
in
t
t
t
HB
v
di
L
f
v
L
d
t
(
31
)
Her
e,
eq
u
a
tio
n
(
2
6
)
r
ef
lects
ab
o
u
t
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
H
y
s
ter
e
s
i
s
B
an
d
f
o
r
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
eq
u
atio
n
(
3
1
)
d
escr
ib
es
f
o
r
th
e
B
u
ck
co
n
v
e
r
te
r
as
s
u
g
g
es
ted
b
y
B
o
s
e
in
[
3
]
f
o
r
P
W
M
in
v
er
ter
an
d
Kale
et
a
l.
in
[
6
]
f
o
r
s
h
u
n
t
A
P
F.
T
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
H
y
s
ter
es
is
b
an
d
ar
e
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
f
in
p
u
t v
o
lta
g
e,
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
s
lo
p
e
o
f
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
in
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
en
t
(
()
L
d
i
t
dt
)
.
H
y
s
ter
es
i
s
b
an
d
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
as
a
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
i
n
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
lo
p
e
to
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
f
c
co
n
s
ta
n
t
[
6
]
.
T
h
is
w
i
ll
b
e
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
f
ilter
d
esig
n
ea
s
ier
a
n
d
w
il
l r
ed
u
ce
th
e
E
MI
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Mo
d
elin
g
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f a
N
o
ve
l A
d
a
p
tive
H
yster
esis
B
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
fo
r
.
.
.
.
(
Ta
n
mo
y
R
o
y
C
h
o
u
d
h
u
r
y)
313
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
-
100
-
80
-
60
-
40
-
20
0
Fre
q
u
en
cy
(k
H
z)
Po
w
er/
freq
u
en
cy
(d
B/
H
z)
Per
i
o
d
o
g
ram
Po
w
er
Sp
ect
ral
D
en
s
i
t
y
E
s
t
i
m
at
e
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
-
100
-
80
-
60
-
40
-
20
0
20
Fre
q
u
en
cy
(k
H
z)
Po
w
er/
freq
u
en
cy
(d
B/
H
z)
Per
i
o
d
o
g
ram
Po
w
er
Sp
ect
ral
D
en
s
i
t
y
E
s
t
i
m
at
e
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
a
n
d
w
id
t
h
ca
lc
u
latio
n
b
lo
ck
d
ia
g
r
a
m
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
9
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
f
o
r
B
o
o
s
t
an
d
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
.
A
s
t
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
f
o
r
b
o
th
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
te
r
s
ar
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t,
t
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
b
lo
ck
s
w
ill al
s
o
b
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t.
d
dt
1
L
1
u
L
2
u
x
()
L
t
i
0
()
t
v
()
in
t
v
HB
1
2
C
f
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
A
d
ap
tiv
e
H
y
s
ter
esis
B
an
d
ca
lcu
latio
n
b
lo
ck
d
ia
g
r
am
f
o
r
B
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
in
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
ti
m
e
d
o
m
ai
n
d
dt
1
L
1
u
L
C
1
2f
2
u
x
()
L
t
i
0
()
t
v
()
in
t
v
HB
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
A
d
ap
tiv
e
H
y
s
ter
esis
B
an
d
ca
lcu
latio
n
b
lo
ck
d
ia
g
r
am
f
o
r
B
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
i
n
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
ti
m
e
d
o
m
ai
n
5.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
P
o
w
er
Sp
ec
tr
al
Den
s
it
y
(
P
SD)
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
.
Her
e
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
d
e
n
s
it
y
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
b
ein
g
d
o
n
e
f
o
r
th
e
H
y
s
ter
esis
B
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
t
h
e
A
d
ap
ti
v
e
H
y
s
ter
es
is
B
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
B
asicall
y
P
SD
is
u
s
ed
to
f
i
n
d
o
u
t
t
h
e
d
o
m
i
n
a
n
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
le
v
el
p
r
esen
t
i
n
an
y
s
ig
n
al.
I
n
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
th
e
d
o
m
in
a
n
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
le
v
el
s
h
o
w
s
m
o
r
e
Gai
n
i.e
.
it
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
p
o
s
iti
v
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
So
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
0
(
a)
P
SD
r
esu
lt
d
is
p
la
y
s
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
p
r
ese
n
ce
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
le
v
els
i.e
.
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
i
s
v
ar
iab
le.
W
h
ile
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
(
b
)
th
e
d
o
m
i
n
a
n
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
is
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
g
ai
n
at
7
.
5
k
Hz
an
d
th
e
o
t
h
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
r
d
er
s
ar
e
al
m
o
s
t a
t
ten
u
a
ted
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
P
er
i
o
d
o
g
r
am
P
o
w
e
r
Sp
ec
tr
al
Den
s
it
y
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
f
o
r
(
a)
H
y
s
ter
es
is
b
an
d
,
(
b
)
A
d
ap
tiv
e
HB
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
T
h
e
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
f
o
r
m
u
lati
o
n
s
e
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
s
i
m
u
la
ted
u
s
i
n
g
MA
T
L
A
B
/S
i
m
u
li
n
k
to
o
lb
o
x
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
f
o
r
b
o
th
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
.
5
.
1
.
B
o
o
s
t
Co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
th
e
B
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
1
(
a)
.
T
h
e
av
e
r
ag
e
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
2
A
w
h
er
ea
s
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
1
0
0
V.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
th
at
it
is
7
.
5
k
Hz.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
co
m
e
s
eq
u
al
to
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
o
ltag
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
.
Her
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
w
it
h
a
zo
o
m
ed
v
ie
w
in
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
w
i
n
d
o
w
s
as
w
e
ll.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
3
0
5
–
315
314
0
0.
1
0.
2
0.
3
0.
4
0.
5
0.
6
0.
7
0.
8
0
0.
5
1
1.
5
2
O
u
t
p
u
t
Cu
rren
t
(A
)
0
0.
1
0.
2
0.
3
0.
4
0.
5
0.
6
0.
7
0.
8
0
50
100
t
i
m
e
(s
)
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
ag
e
(V
)
0.
607
0.
607
5
0.
608
0.
608
5
0.
609
0.
609
5
0.
61
1.
8
2
2.
2
O
u
t
p
u
t
Cu
rren
t
(A
)
0.
607
0.
607
5
0.
608
0.
608
5
0.
609
0.
609
5
0.
61
90
100
110
t
i
m
e
(s
)
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
ag
e
(V
)
0.
797
0.
797
5
0.
798
0.
798
5
0.
799
0.
799
5
0.
8
10
10.
5
11
11.
5
In
d
u
ct
o
r
Cu
rren
t
(A
)
0.
797
0.
797
5
0.
798
0.
798
5
0.
799
0.
799
5
0.
8
0
1
2
t
i
m
e
(s
)
Pu
l
s
e
0
0.
05
0.
1
0.
15
0.
2
0.
25
0.
3
0.
35
0.
4
0.
45
0.
5
0
1
2
O
u
t
p
u
t
Cu
rren
t
(A
)
0
0.
05
0.
1
0.
15
0.
2
0.
25
0.
3
0.
35
0.
4
0.
45
0.
5
0
10
20
t
i
m
e
(s
)
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
ag
e
(V
)
0.
407
0.
407
5
0.
408
0.
408
5
0.
409
0.
409
5
0.
41
1.
9
2
2.
1
O
u
t
p
u
t
Cu
rren
t
(A
)
0.
407
0.
407
5
0.
408
0.
408
5
0.
409
0.
409
5
0.
41
19
20
21
t
i
m
e
(s
)
0.
497
0.
497
5
0.
498
0.
498
5
0.
499
0.
499
5
0.
5
1.
5
2
2.
5
In
d
u
ct
o
r
Cu
rren
t
(A
)
0.
497
0.
497
5
0.
498
0.
498
5
0.
499
0.
499
5
0.
5
0
1
2
t
i
m
e
(s
)
Pu
l
s
e
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
n
v
er
ter
P
ar
am
eter
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
B
u
c
k
C
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
B
o
o
st
C
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
I
n
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
V
)
1
0
0
20
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
V
)
20
1
0
0
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
k
H
z
)
7
.
5
7
.
5
I
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
(
mH
)
10
.7
2
.
1
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
(
µ
F
)
2
6
.
7
2
1
.
3
R
e
si
st
o
r
(
Ω
)
10
50
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
(
a)
Ou
tp
u
t Cu
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
Vo
ltag
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
s
,
(
b
)
I
n
d
u
cto
r
C
u
r
r
en
t a
n
d
P
u
l
s
e
o
f
B
o
o
s
t Co
n
v
er
ter
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
d
u
c
tio
n
w
i
th
a
r
elatio
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
u
ls
e
s
g
e
n
er
a
ted
b
y
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
p
u
ls
es
w
it
h
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le
0
.
8
s
h
o
w
n
h
er
e
ar
e
also
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
a
s
th
e
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
co
n
s
tan
t
a
n
d
th
e
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
m
es
as
7
.
5
k
Hz.
Her
e
th
e
i
n
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ip
p
le
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
.
5
.
2
.
B
uck
Co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
th
e
B
u
c
k
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
2
(
a)
.
Her
e
also
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
b
ec
o
m
e
s
eq
u
al
to
t
h
e
r
e
f
er
e
n
ce
v
o
ltag
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
as
2
0
V.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
r
ip
p
le
d
e
p
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
s
id
e.
Her
e
also
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
w
it
h
a
zo
o
m
ed
v
ie
w
.
A
g
a
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
2
(
b
)
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
in
d
u
c
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
tr
an
s
itio
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
t
h
e
in
p
u
t p
u
l
s
es to
th
e
s
w
itc
h
.
Her
e
also
it c
an
b
e
s
ee
n
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
u
ls
es a
r
e
co
m
i
n
g
as c
o
n
s
ta
n
t.
T
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
is
co
m
in
g
as 0
.
2
.
(
a
)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
(
a)
Ou
tp
u
t Cu
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
Vo
ltag
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
s
,
(
b
)
I
n
d
u
cto
r
C
u
r
r
en
t a
n
d
P
u
l
s
e
o
f
B
u
ck
C
o
n
v
er
ter
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
r
ep
r
esen
ts
ab
o
u
t
a
n
e
w
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
th
e
B
o
o
s
t
an
d
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
k
e
ep
in
g
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
n
s
ta
n
t.
B
asicall
y
th
e
m
ain
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
H
y
s
ter
esis
B
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
is
b
ein
g
eli
m
i
n
ated
w
it
h
th
i
s
co
n
tr
o
l
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
HB
co
n
tr
o
lled
co
n
v
er
ter
s
f
ac
e
a
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
y
o
f
f
ilt
er
d
esig
n
i
n
g
a
s
th
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
ec
o
m
es
in
co
n
s
is
te
n
t.
So
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
A
d
ap
tiv
e
HB
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
th
i
s
f
ilter
d
esi
g
n
w
il
l
b
ec
o
m
e
ea
s
ier
f
o
r
th
e
d
es
ig
n
e
r
s
f
o
r
t
h
is
k
i
n
d
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
t
h
is
co
n
tr
o
ller
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
am
eter
w
h
ic
h
w
as
al
s
o
a
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
w
ith
t
h
e
HB
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
So
o
v
er
all
s
t
u
d
y
g
i
v
es
an
o
u
tco
m
e
s
u
c
h
th
at,
th
is
co
n
tr
o
ller
ca
n
b
e
a
b
etter
r
ep
lace
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
HB
co
n
tr
o
l
ler
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.