In
te
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ation
a
l Jou
rn
al
o
f Po
we
r
Elec
tron
ic
s an
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D
r
ive S
y
stem
(IJ
PED
S
)
V
o
l.
10, N
o.
2, June
2
01
9, pp.
928~
9
3
4
IS
S
N
: 2088-
86
94,
D
O
I
:
10.11
59
1
/ij
ped
s
.
v10
.
i
2.pp
9
28-
93
4
928
Jou
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PED
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A three phase photovoltaic grid
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019 In
stit
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of Advanced
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All
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e
rv
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Corres
pon
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Au
th
or:
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adhi
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Elec
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As
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and
for
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ore
a
w
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of
e
nviro
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en
tal pro
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on,
the
d
e
ve
l
opme
n
t
o
f
r
ene
w
a
b
l
e
e
ne
rg
y
a
n
d
t
h
e
use
of
d
is
tr
ibu
t
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
ge
nera
ti
o
n
,
w
i
nd
p
ow
e
r
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
and
p
h
o
t
ov
o
l
t
a
ic
p
ow
er
g
e
n
e
r
at
io
n
have
a
chie
ve
d
u
n
p
re
cede
n
t
e
d
d
eve
l
opm
en
t.
T
he
p
ow
e
r
e
le
ctro
nics
tech
n
o
l
o
gy
a
n
d
i
n
str
u
m
e
nt
i
n
the
w
o
rld
h
a
s
e
x
p
a
nde
d,
t
he
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
p
o
w
er
e
l
e
c
t
ro
ni
c
dev
i
c
e
s
has
pene
tr
ate
d
i
n
t
o
e
v
ery corne
r
o
f peo
p
l
e
'
s w
o
rk
a
nd l
i
fe.
Inve
r
t
e
rs (single
a
n
d
three
pha
se)
a
s
the hear
t of p
ow
e
r
elec
tr
on
i
c
de
v
i
c
es ha
v
e a
l
s
o
b
ecom
e
t
h
e
foc
u
s
of
app
l
icat
i
o
n an
d
rese
arc
h
.
The
t
h
r
ee
p
h
as
e
to
p
o
l
o
gy
is
t
he
m
a
i
n
pa
rt
o
f
m
a
ny
p
o
w
e
r
electr
o
n
i
c
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
D
C
/
A
C
a
n
d
AC/
D
C
ap
p
lic
ati
o
n
s
y
stem
s.
A
lso
th
e
t
h
ree
pha
se
i
n
v
er
t
e
rs
f
or
p
h
o
to
vo
l
t
a
i
c
ene
r
gy
a
p
pli
c
atio
ns
c
on
nec
t
ed
t
o
t
h
e
lo
w
a
n
d
me
d
i
u
m
vol
t
a
g
e
g
rid
s
.
Th
e
t
h
re
e
p
h
a
se
phot
ovo
lt
ai
c
i
n
v
e
rt
e
r
s
are
cl
assi
fi
ed
i
nto
c
u
rre
n
t
c
o
n
t
ro
l
in
verter
(
C
C
I)
an
d
vo
l
t
age
c
o
n
t
ro
l
i
nver
t
e
r
(
V
C
I).
I
n
t
h
is
p
a
p
e
r
h
a
s
b
e
en
u
se
d
t
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
con
t
rol
inv
e
rt
e
r
.
The
c
u
rre
nt
s
o
u
rce
i
nver
t
e
r
i
s
w
i
de
l
y
u
se
d
in
t
hree
p
hase
p
h
o
t
o
vol
ta
ic
g
rid
tie
i
n
v
er
t
e
r
be
ca
u
s
e
of
its
g
oo
d
con
t
ro
l pe
rform
anc
e
.
H
y
stere
s
i
s
c
urr
e
nt
c
o
n
tr
ol i
s w
i
del
y
use
d
i
n
t
hree
p
hase
ph
o
t
o
v
o
lt
aic
in
verter
be
cause o
f
its
f
ast
c
u
rr
ent
re
sp
o
n
se
a
n
d
be
tter
sta
b
ili
t
y
.
H
o
w
e
ver
,
h
ys
ter
e
s
i
s
c
urre
nt
c
on
tro
l
i
s
a
p
o
w
e
r
f
u
l
n
on
line
a
r
the
o
ry,
a
n
d
t
h
e
con
t
ro
l
o
f
t
h
e
s
w
itc
hi
n
g
e
l
e
m
e
nt
o
f
t
h
e
i
nver
t
e
r
i
s
a
n
eq
uiv
a
l
e
nt
.
Th
e
cu
rren
t
d
e
cele
r
at
i
o
n
con
t
ro
l
i
s
w
i
d
ely
use
d
i
n
th
re
e-pha
se
p
h
o
tov
o
lta
ic
i
nver
t
er
d
u
e
t
o
the
fas
t
c
urre
n
t
r
e
s
p
onse
an
d
b
e
tter
st
a
b
il
it
y.
H
ow
ever
,
t
h
e
dec
e
ler
a
tio
n
is
a
s
tron
g
no
n-l
i
ne
ar
c
or
r
e
lati
on, a
n
d
i
s similar
to t
he
s
w
itch
co
n
t
rol
.
F
i
gure
1
sh
ow
s
t
h
e
pro
pose
d
s
ys
tem
o
f
a
t
hree
p
hase
p
h
o
t
o
vo
lta
i
c
i
n
ve
rter
s
yste
m.
T
he
s
im
u
l
a
t
ion
circ
u
i
t
of
t
he
s
yste
m
in
t
h
i
s
p
a
per
w
e
re
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
by
us
i
n
g
MA
TLA
B
/
S
i
mul
i
nk
sof
t
w
a
re
p
r
ogr
am
.
The
a
i
m
of
th
i
s
p
ape
r
i
s
to
c
alcu
la
te
,
si
m
u
la
te
a
n
d
i
mpl
e
m
e
nt
n
ew
c
ur
rent
c
ont
ro
l
t
ech
niq
u
e
f
o
r
t
h
r
e
e
p
h
a
se
p
hot
ovo
lt
ai
c
in
verter
c
o
nne
c
t
e
d
t
o
gr
id.
In
t
h
i
s
pa
per,
t
hree
phase
f
o
u
r
w
i
r
e
pho
t
o
vo
l
t
a
i
c
i
nver
t
er
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
T-
S
fuzz
y
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Int J
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:
2088-
86
94
A
t
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a
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ph
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t
a
ic
grid
tie
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92
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c
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w
a
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d
t
o
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o
l
v
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t
h
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p
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o
b
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m
o
f
c
o
n
t
r
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l
l
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t
h
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f
ee
dba
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on
t
r
o
l
o
f
a
t
h
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y
s
t
e
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curr
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T
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T
-S
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uzzy
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o
n
t
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o
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t
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p
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ful
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s
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t
h
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ontro
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of no
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l
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w
ith tim
e-va
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n
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he
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t
rol
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ul
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se
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l
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w
h
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h direc
t
l
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a
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o
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ts
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ased
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on
tro
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r
ul
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s
.
The
r
e
st
o
f
th
e
pa
p
e
r
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o
rg
aniz
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d
a
s
f
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l
l
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s:
s
ect
i
on
2
pre
s
e
n
t
s
t
he
m
a
t
he
ma
tic
al
m
ode
l
of
t
hre
e
p
h
ase
in
verter
,
sec
t
i
on
3
pre
s
en
ts
t
he
T
-S
f
uzz
y
a
n
d
hys
t
e
re
sis
ma
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
m
ode
l,
s
e
c
tio
n
4
d
i
sc
us
ses
t
h
e
si
m
u
lat
i
on re
su
lt
s of
f
ul
l sys
t
e
m
, a
nd fi
nal
l
y, sect
io
n 5
sh
ow
s
c
onc
lus
i
o
n
s.
F
i
gure
1.
T
hree
-phase
four
-
w
ire
i
n
ve
rter
s
yste
m
2.
MATHE
M
A
T
ICAL MODEL OF THR
E
E
PHASE INVERT
E
R
Th
e
mat
h
emat
ic
al
m
od
el
o
f
thre
e
p
h
a
se
b
ri
dg
e
p
hot
ovo
lt
aic
in
v
e
r
ter
i
n
t
he
F
ig
ure
1
is
b
a
s
ed
o
n
tw
o
set
po
int
s
a
s
a
re
fer
e
nce
v
o
lta
ge
poi
nts.
I
n
t
h
e
F
i
g
u
re
1
,
p
o
i
n
t
N
pre
s
en
ts
t
he
n
e
u
t
r
al
poi
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
t
h
r
ee-
p
h
ase
gri
d
,
and
po
in
t
O
is
t
he
m
id
po
int
o
f
t
he
D
C
s
i
de
l
in
k
c
a
p
ac
i
t
or
v
ol
ta
ge
i
s
d
i
vide
d
in
t
o
t
w
o
.
S
how
n
in
(
1)
prese
n
t
the se
t
of t
he
t
hree
ph
a
se
in
v
erter
switc
h
i
n
g
func
t
i
o
n
S
i
to c
h
a
r
ac
t
e
rize
the
t
ur
n O
N
/
O
F
F
t
r
ansist
ors.
1
1,3,5
4,6
,
2
0 1,3
,
5
4,6,
2
(
1
)
Assu
mi
ng
th
a
t t
h
e
out
put
o
f
the
th
re
e
ph
a
s
e in
v
e
rt
e
r
c
on
n
ect
e
d
to
i
n
d
uc
t
a
n
ce an
d resis
t
a
n
ce
, the
m
a
t
h
em
atica
l
mode
l o
f
t
he
o
ut
p
u
t
i
s
e
stab
l
i
she
d
base
d
o
n F
i
gure
1 is as
sho
w
n
in (2)
[
4]
.
(
2
)
Whe
r
e,
V
G
a
,
V
G
b,
a
nd
V
G
c
R
e
p
re
se
n
t
p
h
a
se
v
olta
ge
o
f
t
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
t
hr
e
e
w
i
r
e
gr
id.
The
ph
ase
vol
t
a
ge
o
f
e
a
c
h
p
h
a
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
id
r
el
a
t
i
v
e
t
o
t
h
e
m
i
dpoi
nt
N
.
Vp
h
a
,
Vp
hb
,
a
nd
V
p
hc
p
r
e
sen
t
t
he
o
u
t
pu
t
v
o
lta
ge
o
f
t
h
e
in
verter
.
3.
T
-
S
FU
ZZ
Y
AND
HYS
T
E
RESIS MATHE
M
A
T
ICAL M
O
D
EL
F
r
om
t
he
F
igu
r
e
1,
t
he
m
ain
ana
l
ys
is
o
f
the
circ
u
i
t
of
thr
e
e-p
ha
se
f
o
u
r-
w
i
re,
t
h
e
v
o
lta
ge
i
n
the
D
C
side
i
s
spi
l
t
i
n
t
o
tw
o
eq
ua
l
vol
ta
ge
a
cross
t
h
e
sam
e
v
al
ue
o
f
c
a
p
ac
i
t
ors(
C
1
=
C
2)
C
om
p
a
re
d
w
i
t
h
t
he
t
hree
-
pha
se
t
hre
e
-w
i
r
e
.
If
w
e
u
sin
g
t
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
al
c
o
n
tro
l
t
he
ory
m
e
tho
ds,
t
h
en
t
he
l
i
n
ear
s
ys
te
m
s
i
s
ve
ry
c
o
m
pl
e
x
ity
of
c
o
n
t
rol. The
m
ethod o
f
T
-S
fuz
zy
c
o
n
t
rol
i
s
used
in
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k to be
sim
p
l
i
fie
d
t
he
f
u
l
l con
t
ro
l sys
t
em
.
Th
e
h
y
st
e
r
esi
s
c
on
t
r
o
l
o
f
th
ree
ph
as
e
p
hot
ov
o
l
t
a
i
c
i
nv
ert
e
r
i
s
a
s
t
ron
g
n
on
l
i
near
c
on
tr
ol
t
e
c
h
niq
u
e
.
The
T
-
S
fuzz
y
cons
o
l
e
fe
a
t
u
r
es
p
e
r
fe
ct
d
y
n
am
ic
p
e
rform
anc
e
,
is
no
t
se
ns
i
t
i
v
e
t
o
c
ha
nge
s
i
n
t
he
p
roce
ss
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN: 2088-
8694
Int J
P
o
w
El
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
,
V
ol.
10,
N
o.
2
, June
20
1
9
:
928
–9
3
4
93
0
para
me
ters
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
em
,
and
has
s
t
ro
n
g
d
u
r
ab
il
ity.
Ther
efor
e,
t
he
c
o
n
t
r
ol
l
e
r
i
s
d
e
s
i
g
ned
t
o
i
nc
lude
a
T
-
S
fuz
z
y
a
lg
ori
t
h
m.
T
he
n
eed
f
or
c
ompe
nsa
t
o
r
y
p
o
w
e
r
cha
n
ges
the
di
s
p
la
y
of
t
he
h
i
nge
l
oo
p
to
a
ch
ie
ve
b
et
t
e
r
com
p
en
sat
i
on.
F
i
gure
2
is
t
he
d
i
a
gram
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
rol
l
er
s
y
s
tem
w
i
t
h
t
he
T
-
S
f
uz
zy
v
ar
ia
ble
lo
op.
A
cc
ord
i
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
ana
l
ys
is
o
f
t
h
e
hy
st
e
r
es
is
c
ur
rent
c
ontr
o
l
pr
i
n
c
i
ple
,
t
he
T
-
S
f
u
z
zy
i
n
put
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
i
s
s
e
l
ec
t
e
d
as
t
h
e
r
e
f
ere
n
ce
curr
ent.
T
he de
v
ia
t
i
o
n
(
x(
∆i
)
)
f
rom
the
ac
tua
l
c
urrent
a
n
d
i
ts
rate
o
f
ch
an
ge
(
x'
(
d∆
i/
d
t
)
)
,
s
e
l
ec
t
the
h
y
s
t
e
r
e
s
i
s
lo
op
w
i
d
t
h
as t
he
ou
t
put
v
aria
ble
(v)
the f
u
zz
y
i
n
p
u
t a
m
o
u
n
t
x,
x' is de
fine
d a
s
i
n (3)
and
(4).
∗
(3)
1
(
4
)
Whe
r
e,
and
ar
e
the
com
m
a
nd
cur
r
en
t
an
d
the
a
c
t
u
a
l
c
urre
nt
a
t
t
i
m
e
t
r
es
pec
t
i
v
e
l
y
a
nd
The
sca
l
es
o
f
is
,
,
of
.
The
m
a
x
i
mum
va
l
u
es
o
f
the
x(t)
a
nd
x
'(
t)
i
s
co
ns
i
d
e
r
in
g
t
h
at
t
h
e
val
u
e
o
f
t
he
i
n
p
u
t
va
r
i
a
b
le
e
xc
eeds
the
m
a
x
i
mum
val
u
e.
I
n
the
c
a
s
e
of
t
he
e
nc
irclem
en
t,
t
he
m
e
m
be
rs
hi
p
f
unc
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
x(
t
)
a
nd
x
'
(t)
in
put
varia
b
l
e
is s
h
o
w
n in F
ig
ure
3.
F
i
gure
2.
H
yste
resis c
u
rre
nt
c
on
tro
l
t
ype
The
four
v
ari
a
ble
s
o
f
the
T-S
fuzz
y
me
t
h
o
d
a
re:
ZE
(
zer
o
)
,
P
S
(
posi
t
i
v
e),
P
M
(
m
e
dian)
,
P
B
(pos
iti
ve)
,
x
,
x'
a
n
d
w
e
use
o
v
e
r
la
p
p
i
n
g
t
r
i
a
n
g
le
m
e
m
be
rshi
p
fu
nct
i
o
n
s.
A
ccor
d
i
n
g
to
h
ar
mon
i
cs
com
p
en
sat
i
o
n
cur
r
ent
c
ontr
o
l
r
e
q
u
i
rem
e
nts
,
can
b
e
fo
un
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
ba
sic
l
a
w
of
h
yster
e
sis
l
oop
w
i
d
th
adj
u
s
t
m
e
n
t
i
s:
w
hen
e
i
s
l
arg
e
r,
i
ncre
ase
th
e
lo
op
w
i
dt
h;
w
hen
e
i
s
s
m
a
l
l
,
a
d
j
u
s
t
t
h
e
h
y
s
t
e
r
e
s
i
s
l
o
o
p
w
i
d
t
h
ac
cord
in
g
t
o
x
'
w
h
en des
i
g
n
i
n
g
the
T
-
S
f
uzz
y
c
on
t
r
ol
ler
,
c
ons
id
er
t
h
e
i
mpa
c
t
o
f
T-S
f
u
zzy
r
ul
e
c
o
mp
l
e
xi
ty
on
the t
i
m
e
l
i
ne
ss.
The
cor
r
espo
n
d
i
n
g T-S fuz
z
y
contr
o
l rule
s
are
s
how
n in t
he
T
able
1
.
F
i
gur
e 3.
F
uzzy
c
ha
ng
in
g i
n
e
rror
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Int J
P
o
w
E
l
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
IS
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
A
t
h
re
e p
h
a
s
e
ph
o
t
ov
o
l
t
a
ic
grid
tie
d
in
verte
r
sy
st
e
m
c
ontro
l
base
d
on … (
J
am
ee
l K
adu
im
Abe
d
)
93
1
4.
T
-
SIMULATI
ON
A
ND A
NALYSIS RESULTS
F
r
om
t
he
a
nal
y
s
i
s
in
t
he
p
r
e
vi
o
u
s
pa
ragr
ap
h,
t
he
D
C
v
o
l
t
a
ges
of
t
h
e
t
w
o
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
s
o
n
t
h
e
D
C
l
i
n
k
side
a
re
r
espe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
sam
p
le
d,
a
nd
a
ccor
d
i
ng
t
o
t
he
T
-
S
f
uz
z
y
c
on
tro
l
le
r.
T
he
f
i
n
al
s
ys
tem
of
t
hr
ee-
phase
fo
ur-
w
i
r
e
inve
rte
r
w
it
h
tw
o
c
a
pac
i
t
o
r
vo
l
t
a
g
e
an
d
T-S
fuzz
y
co
n
tr
ol
t
e
c
hn
i
que
i
s
sh
o
w
n
in
F
igure
4
Th
e
si
m
u
lat
i
on par
a
m
e
ter
of the
ful
l sys
t
em
is pre
s
e
n
ted i
n
t
he
Tab
le
2
.
Tab
l
e
1. The
Fuzzy
P
a
r
am
eter
Rules
ZE
P
S
PM
P
B
ZE
Z
E
P
S
P
M
P
B
PS
P
S
P
S
P
M
P
B
PM
P
S
P
M
P
B
P
B
P
B
P
M
PM
P
B
PB
Ta
ble
2.
T
he
S
ys
tem
P
a
rame
t
e
r
Pa
r
a
mete
r
va
lue
T
h
e
induc
tor
3
m
H
T
h
e re
si
st
a
n
c
e
2
0Ω
T
h
e
DC
link c
a
p
a
c
itor
C
1
a
nd
C
2
1000
uF
DC
l
ink
volta
g
e
500V
G
r
id
P
ha
s
e
230
V
F
i
gure
5
t
o
F
i
gure
9
prese
n
t
s
t
he
s
im
ul
a
t
i
on
re
su
lts
o
f
t
h
e
fu
l
l
sys
t
em
i
s
show
s
t
h
e
three
p
h
ase
ph
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
in
verte
r
m
o
d
e
l
a
nd
t
h
e
d
es
ig
ne
e
of
t
h
e
T-S
fuzzy
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
.
T
h
e
s
i
x
P
W
M
s
i
g
n
a
l
s
o
f
t
h
e
f
i
n
a
l
three
phase
p
h
o
t
o
vo
ltai
c
i
n
v
e
r
ter
is
p
rese
nte
d
i
n
the
Fi
g
u
re
5
.
F
ig
ur
e
6
show
s
t
h
e
tw
o
vo
l
t
age
s
o
f
t
h
e
D
C
Li
nk
si
de
a
ros
e
t
he
t
w
o
c
apa
c
itor
.
T
he
v
o
l
t
a
ge
o
f
the
D
C
lin
k
s
ide
w
i
t
h
s
pli
t
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
is
c
on
tro
l
l
e
d
a
nd
ha
s
go
o
d
d
ynam
i
c
pe
rfor
ma
nce.
A
c
c
ordi
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
T-S
fuz
z
y
c
o
n
t
ro
l
m
e
t
hod
a
nd
h
y
s
t
e
re
si
s
c
u
rre
n
t
con
t
ro
l
,
t
he
w
a
ve
form
of
the ou
t
p
u
t
v
ol
ta
ge
o
f t
h
e
t
h
ree
-
pha
se
i
nve
rter
b
efo
r
e
f
i
l
ter
is show
n in
F
i
gur
e
7.
Figure
4.
Full sys
t
em
of three
pha
se
ph
o
t
o
vol
taic
i
n
v
e
r
ter
tie
d
to gr
i
d
w
i
t
h
T-S
fuz
z
y c
o
n
t
r
o
l
me
t
h
od
an
d
hyste
res
i
s cur
r
ent c
o
n
t
r
o
l
F
i
gure
8
pr
ese
n
t
the
thr
ee
p
h
a
se
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
ge
a
nd
c
urre
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
i
nver
t
e
r
a
ft
e
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
a
n
d
bef
o
re
t
he
g
r
id
c
on
n
ecti
o
n
.
T
h
e
p
erfo
rman
ce
o
f
t
h
e
t
h
re
e
ph
as
e
i
n
v
e
rt
er
f
o
ur-w
ire
,
in
t
he
t
erm
s
o
f
ha
rmoni
c
s
elimi
n
a
t
io
n
c
o
mpe
n
sa
tio
n,
b
a
s
e
d
T
-
S
f
uzz
y
c
on
tro
l
m
e
t
h
o
d
an
d h
y
ster
es
is
c
ur
ren
t
c
on
tro
l
i
s
ve
ry
s
a
t
is
fa
ctor
y.
The
a
vera
g
e
o
f
the
TH
D
of
t
he
out
p
u
t
curr
ent
s
f
or
f
u
l
l
s
y
stem
va
l
u
es
i
s
equa
ls
t
o
2.8
0
3
3
%
o
b
t
a
i
ne
d
adhe
re
to
t
he
I
EEE
s
t
andar
d
o
f
TH
D
≤
5%
.
The
F
F
T
output
of
t
he
t
hree
p
hase
c
urr
e
nts
i
s
p
r
e
sen
t
s
i
n
t
he
F
i
gure
9.
F
i
gure
9a
p
res
e
nt
t
he
T
H
D
=
2.95
%
of
t
he
c
urr
e
nt
o
f
p
h
a
se
A
,
F
i
g
ure
9b
pr
esen
t
the
TH
D
=
3
.
0
%
of
t
he
curr
ent o
f
phas
e
B
a
nd
fi
na
l
l
y
F
i
gure
9c
p
rese
nt
t
he
TH
D
=
2.45
%
of t
h
e
curr
ent o
f
phase
C
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N: 2
0
8
8
-
86
94
I
n
t
J Po
w
Elec
&
Dr
i
Sy
st,
Vo
l. 1
0
,
No
. 2
,
Ju
n
e
2
019
:
9
2
8–
934
93
2
F
i
gur
e
5.
S
ix
s
w
itc
he
s
P
W
M
of
t
hr
ee
phase
i
nver
t
er
F
i
gur
e
6.
U
ppe
r
and
low
e
r
D
C
lin
k
c
a
pa
c
ito
r
vol
tages
(
C
1
&
C2)
F
i
gur
e
8.
T
hr
e
e
phase
i
nve
r
t
e
r
outpu
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
and
cur
r
e
nt
(
a
f
te
r
f
ilt
er)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
P
o
w
Elec
&
D
r
i
S
y
st
I
S
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
A three
p
h
a
s
e ph
o
t
ov
o
l
t
a
i
c
gr
id t
i
e
d
in
v
e
rte
r
system
cont
ro
l
base
d
on
… (
J
am
ee
l
Ka
du
im
A
b
e
d
)
93
3
(a
)
(b
)
(c)
F
i
gure
9.
T
HD of the
Three
p
h
ase
i
nverte
r
o
ut
p
u
t
cur
r
en
t
(
a)
T
HD
o
f
t
h
e
pha
se
A
oputp
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
,
(
b)
T
H
D
o
f
th
e
phase
B
o
pu
tpu
t
c
ur
r
e
nt
a
n
d
(
c
)
THD
of
t
he
phas
e
Cop
u
t
pu
t cur
r
ent
5.
CONCLUSION
I
n
t
h
i
s
p
a
p
e
r
,
t
h
e
T
-
S
f
u
z
z
y
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
m
e
t
h
o
d
a
n
d
h
y
s
t
e
r
e
s
i
s
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
is
u
sed
as
a
f
eedb
a
ck
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
me
tho
d
w
ith
m
id
p
o
i
n
t
of
t
he
c
apa
c
i
t
o
r
.
T
hr
e
e
-
pha
se
f
o
u
r
-wire
sys
t
em
i
s
m
o
d
e
lle
d
wi
th
t
wo
s
e
t
s
o
f
c
a
pac
i
tors
o
n
t
h
e
DC
s
ide
As
a
c
on
tro
l
i
n
p
u
t
,
it
e
ffe
c
t
ive
l
y
so
l
v
es
t
he
v
olt
a
ge
e
q
u
a
liza
t
i
o
n
of
t
he
m
i
d
p
o
i
n
t
o
f
the
ca
pac
i
t
o
r
sp
l
i
tti
ng
c
o
ntr
o
l
pr
ob
lem
s
w
hile
g
a
i
n
i
ng
r
e
al
-
tim
e
r
e
fe
r
e
nc
e
com
p
ensa
t
i
o
n
c
ur
r
e
nt
a
nd
pow
e
r
su
pply
F
l
o
w
i
mp
l
e
me
nt
a
tio
n
o
f
f
e
e
db
ac
k
t
r
a
c
k
i
ng
c
o
n
t
r
ol
t
o
co
mp
e
n
sa
te
h
arm
o
n
i
cs
i
n
p
o
wer
sy
st
ems
in
r
eal
t
i
m
e
Cu
rren
t
a
n
d
r
ea
ct
i
v
e
powe
r
a
re
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
at
ed
w
hi
l
e
c
o
m
p
e
nsat
i
n
g
f
o
r
cur
r
en
t
ha
r
m
onic
s
o
f
e
a
c
h
phas
e
H
a
r
m
oni
c
c
u
r
r
ent
o
n
t
he
n
e
u
tr
a
l
l
i
n
e.
S
im
ul
a
tio
n
r
e
s
u
lt
s
sh
ow
t
ha
t
the
me
th
od
i
t
i
s
pos
si
ble
to
s
plit
t
he
c
a
pac
i
tor
a
t
t
h
e
m
idp
o
in
t
o
f
t
he
t
hr
ee
-
phase
f
o
u
r
-
w
ir
e
for
a
c
hi
e
v
in
g
DC
s
i
d
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
Effect
i
v
e
co
ntr
o
l
of
t
h
e
r
e
fe
renc
e
c
o
mpe
n
sa
t
i
on
c
u
rre
nt
t
hr
ou
g
h
f
e
e
dbac
k
c
o
n
t
ro
l
Real-t
i
me
d
e
t
ec
t
i
on
,
co
nt
i
nuo
u
s
c
on
t
r
ol
out
put
,
hi
g
h
s
tea
dy-
s
t
a
t
e
a
ccur
acy,
a
nd
go
o
d
m
otio
n.
REFERE
NC
E
S
[1]
W
.
Z
hen
g
,
H.
W
ang,
H
.
W
a
n
g
,
S
.
W
en,
and
Z.
M
.
Zh
ang,
“
F
u
zzy
d
y
n
am
ic
o
utput
f
eed
back
c
o
n
t
r
ol
f
o
r
T
-S
f
u
zzy
d
i
s
c
re
t
e
-ti
m
e
s
y
st
ems
with
m
ulti
pl
e
tim
e-vary
ing
d
e
lay
s
a
n
d
unm
atched
d
istu
rbances
,”
IE
EE Acces
s
,
vo
l.
6
,
pp.
3
1
0
3
7
–31
04
9,
2
0
18.
[2]
N
.
F
arah,
M
.
H
.
N
.
T
ali
b
,
Z.
I
b
r
ahi
m
,
M
.
I
.
S
.
N
,
and
J.
M
.
L
a
z
i,
“
Variable
H
ys
teres
i
s
Current
C
on
t
r
ol
l
e
r
with
F
u
zzy
L
ogi
c
Contro
ll
er
B
ased
I
n
d
ucti
on
M
ot
or
D
riv
e
s,
”
IE
EE
,
n
o
.
Octo
ber,
pp.
2–3,
2
0
17.
[3]
A.
A
wa
sthi
a
nd
D
.
Pa
te
l
,
“
I
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
ta
tion
o
f
a
da
p
t
ive
hy
ste
r
e
s
is
c
u
rrent
c
o
n
t
r
ol
t
echni
qu
e
f
o
r
shun
t
acti
v
e
po
wer
co
nd
iti
o
n
e
r
and
it
s
co
mp
aris
on
with
c
on
vent
ional
hy
steresis
c
ur
re
nt
c
o
n
trol
t
e
c
h
niqu
e
,
”
2017 IEEE Int. Con
f
.
S
i
g
nal Proces
s.
Inf
o
r
m
a
tics
,
Co
mmu
n
.
En
ergy
Syst
. S
P
ICES
2
017
,
p
p
.
4–
9,
2
01
7.
[4]
J
.
S
and
eep,
S.
A
sh
ok,
a
nd
R
.
Ram
c
h
a
nd,
“
Onli
ne
C
om
put
a
t
i
o
n
of
E
rror
Ba
n
d
f
or
H
ysteresi
s
Current
C
on
trolled
React
ive
Cu
rrent
Com
p
e
nsat
ors
,
”
2
016
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N: 2
0
8
8
-
86
94
I
n
t
J Po
w
Elec
&
Dr
i
Sy
st,
Vo
l. 1
0
,
No
. 2
,
Ju
n
e
2
019
:
9
2
8–
934
93
4
[5]
M
.
H
.
Zare,
M
.
M
o
h
am
ad
ian,
a
nd
R
.
Beiran
van
d
,
“
A
Si
ng
le-P
hase
G
rid
-
Co
nn
ected
P
ho
to
vo
lt
a
i
c
In
vert
er
B
ased
o
n
a Three-S
w
itch
T
h
ree-P
o
rt
Fly
b
ack
wi
t
h S
e
ries P
ower Decou
p
l
i
n
g
Ci
rcuit,”
IEE
E
Tran
s
.
Ind. El
ect
ron
., v
o
l
. 6
4
,
n
o.
3
,
p
p.
2
06
2–
20
7
1
,
20
17
.
[6]
X
.
L
i
u
a
n
d
B
.
L
i
u
,
“
R
e
c
o
g
n
i
t
i
o
n
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
d
i
s
t
u
r
b
a
n
c
e
s
b
as
ed
o
n
T-S
f
u
zzy
l
og
ic,”
Pro
c
. - 5t
h Int.
Co
n
f
.
In
st
ru
m
.
M
e
as
. Com
p
u
t
.
Comm
u
n
.
Co
n
t
r
o
l
.
IM
CCC
20
15,
n
o
.
1
, p
p.
3
02
–3
05,
2016
.
[7]
L
.
X
iao
s
h
e
n,
Y
.
Xu
ehai,
J.
M
i
n
g
z
uo
,
an
d
Z.
C
hun
li
ng,
“
F
u
zzy
i
nf
eren
ce
m
o
de
li
ng
m
eth
o
d
b
a
sed
o
n
T
-S
f
u
zzy
sy
ste
m
,”
J. Int
e
ll.
Fu
zz
y Syst.
, v
ol
.
3
1
, n
o.
2,
pp
.
7
2
7
–
7
3
6
, 2
01
6.
[8]
R.
N
an
ju
nd
aswa
m
y
,
S.
R
.
A
n
g
a
di,
N.
R
.
S
r
i
n
i
v
as
,
an
d
K.
U
.
Vin
a
y
a
k
a
,
“
A
ve
c
t
or
c
on
tro
l
b
a
s
e
d
s
hu
nt
c
u
rrent
compensati
on
s
c
h
eme
f
o
r
powe
r
qu
ality
i
mprovement
i
n
high
power
r
adiology
a
ppli
cat
i
o
ns
,”
Proc.
20
15
IE
EE Int
.
Co
nf
. Po
wer A
d
v.
Contro
l E
ng.
ICP
A
CE 2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
4
8
–
5
2
,
20
15.
[9]
Y
.
W
ang
,
H
.
Ch
en
,
W.
W
an
g,
a
nd
T
.
X
i
ao,
“
A
dapt
ive
con
t
ro
l
f
o
r
a
c
l
a
s
s
o
f
n
o
n
l
i
n
e
a
r
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
v
i
a
T
-
S
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
w
i
t
h
n
o
n
li
near
r
ule
co
ns
e
q
uen
t
s
,
”
Pr
oc.
20
15
27th
Chinese Co
nt
rol
D
ecis.
Conf. CCD
C 20
15
,
pp.
3
76
–
38
1, 2
01
5.
[10]
T.
M
e
s
so
,
J.
J
o
k
ipi
i
,
J.
P
uu
kk
o,
a
nd
T
.
Su
ntio,
“
D
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
n
g
th
e
v
a
lu
e
of
D
C-link
cap
a
c
it
a
n
ce
t
o
e
ns
ure
s
t
ab
le
o
p
erati
o
n
of
a
three-ph
ase
p
hot
ov
ol
ta
i
c
i
n
v
erter,
”
IEEE Tr
ans
.
P
o
wer
El
ectro
n.
, v
ol. 2
9,
n
o.
2,
pp
.
6
6
5
–
6
7
3
, 20
1
4
.
[11]
Y
.
W
an
g
a
n
d
F.
W
an
g
,
“
063
41
8
5
0.
P
d
f
,
”
vol.
28,
n
o.
6
,
p
p
.
2
8
56–2
86
6, 20
1
3
.
[12]
M
.
B
o
r
r
e
g
a
,
L
.
M
a
r
r
o
y
o
,
R
.
G
o
n
ź
a
l
e
z
,
J
.
B
a
l
d
a
,
a
n
d
J
.
L
.
A
g
o
r
r
e
t
a
,
“
M
odelin
g
an
d
co
ntro
l
o
f
a
m
aster-slav
e
P
V
i
n
v
e
rter
w
ith
n
-p
arall
e
led
inv
e
rters
and
th
ree-ph
as
e
th
ree-lim
b
i
nd
uc
tors,”
IEEE
Trans.
Pow
e
r
El
ectr
on.
,
vo
l.
2
8,
n
o
.
6,
p
p.
2
8
4
2
–
28
55
,
2
01
3.
[13]
Me
hrd
a
d
Ah
ma
di
K
a
m
a
r
po
sh
ti
,
“
P
owe
r
Q
u
a
li
t
y
C
o
m
pe
n
s
a
tion
in
D
ist
ri
buti
o
n
S
y
st
em
b
as
ed
o
n
In
st
antan
e
ou
s
P
o
wer
T
h
eory
a
n
d
R
ecu
rsiv
e
F
u
zzy
P
ro
po
rtio
n
a
l-Inte
gra
l
C
on
tr
ol
l
er,”
In
tern
a
t
io
nal Jo
ur
na
l
o
f
Elect
ri
cal
and
Co
mpu
t
er
En
g
i
n
eer
in
g (
I
JECE)
,
vo
l
.
8
, n
o.
1,
pp
.
5
3
8
–
5
4
3
, 2
01
8.
[14]
Q.
G
a
o
,
G.
F
eng
, Y.
W
a
n
g
,
a
nd
J
.
Qiu
,
“
Universa
l
fu
zzy
co
n
tro
l
l
e
r
s
bas
e
d o
n
gene
r
al
ized T-S
f
u
zzy m
o
d
els,”
F
u
zzy
Se
ts S
y
st.
,
vol.
2
0
1
,
p
p.
5
5
–70
,
201
2.
[15]
R
.
S
.
R
a
v
i
S
a
n
k
a
r
,
S
.
V
.
J
.
K
u
m
a
r
,
a
n
d
G
.
M
.
R
a
o
,
“
A
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
F
u
z
z
y
P
I
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
G
r
i
d
I
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
P
V
Inverter,
”
Int
e
rnati
o
n
a
l Jou
r
n
a
l
of
El
ectr
i
ca
l
a
nd Comp
u
t
er
E
n
g
i
n
eerin
g (
I
J
E
CE)
,
vol.
8
,
n
o.
1
,
p. 4
72
,
2
018
.
[16]
M.
C
astil
l
a
,
J.
M
iret,
A
.
C
ama
c
h
o
,
J
.
M
a
t
a
s,
a
n
d
L.
G
.
De
V
icu
n
a,
“
Reduct
i
on
o
f
c
urren
t
h
armo
ni
c
d
i
st
ortio
n
i
n
t
h
ree-ph
ase
grid
-con
nected
p
hot
ov
ol
ta
i
c
i
n
v
erters
v
ia res
onan
t
current
con
t
rol,”
IEEE Tr
ans.
In
d
.
Electro
n.
, vo
l
.
60,
n
o
.
4,
p
p.
1
4
6
4
–
14
72
,
2
01
3.
[17]
M.
J
.
Mna
ti,
J
.
K.
A
be
d
,
D
.
V.
B
oz
a
l
a
k
o
v
a
nd
A
.
Va
n
de
n
Bo
s
s
c
h
e
,
“
A
n
a
lyti
cal
a
nd
calcu
latio
n
DC-link
cap
acitor
of
a
t
h
r
e
e
-
p
h
a
s
e
grid-tie
d
ph
ot
o
v
o
l
ta
ic
i
nv
e
r
te
r
,
”
20
18
IEE
E
12t
h In
ter
natio
nal
Co
nf
eren
ce on
Com
p
a
t
i
b
ilit
y,
Po
we
r
Ele
c
tron
ic
s
an
d Powe
r En
gine
e
r
ing
(C
PE-
PO
W
E
R
E
NG
20
18
)
,
D
o
h
a
,
2
018
,
p
p
.
1-6.
[18]
d
o
i
:
1
0.
1
1
0
9
/
C
PE.
2
018.
8
372
48
9
[19]
M
o
hann
ad
J
a
b
bar
M
n
at
i,
D
im
itar
V.
B
ozal
ako
v
,
an
d
Al
ex
V
an
d
en
B
ossc
he
,
“A
N
e
w
S
yn
c
h
ro
niz
a
tio
n
T
e
c
h
niqu
e
o
f
a
T
h
r
ee-P
h
ase
G
r
id
T
ied
Inverter
f
or
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
i
c
A
p
p
l
icatio
ns
,
”
Mathema
tical P
r
ob
lems i
n
E
n
gineering
,
vo
l.
2
0
1
8
,
A
rti
c
le
I
D
78
52
64
2,
1
3
pa
ges
,
2
01
8.
h
tt
p
s
:/
/d
o
i
.
o
rg
/10.
1
1
55/2
0
1
8
/
7
8
526
42.
[20]
M
o
hann
ad
J
abb
a
r
M
n
at
i,
D
imi
t
ar
V
.
Bozal
akov,
a
n
d
A
lex
Va
n
den
B
os
sche,
“
N
ew
P
u
l
se
W
id
t
h
M
o
d
u
l
a
t
io
n
T
echni
qu
e
to
R
e
d
uce
Lo
ss
es
f
or
T
h
r
ee-P
h
ase
P
h
oto
v
o
l
t
a
ic
I
nv
erte
rs
,”
Acti
ve and
Pas
s
i
ve Elect
ro
n
i
c
Co
mp
on
e
n
ts
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
1
8
,
A
rti
c
le
I
D
41
57
614
,
10
p
a
ges
,
2
018
.
htt
p
s://doi.
o
rg
/
1
0
.
1
15
5/20
18
/41
5
7
6
1
4
.
[21]
A
.
K
iswan
t
on
o,
O
.
P
e
n
a
ng
sang
,
and
A.
S
o
e
p
r
ij
a
n
t
o
,
“Tran
s
i
e
nt
P
o
wer
Quality
P
erf
o
rmance
of
M
ul
t
i
P
hotovolt
a
i
c
s
u
s
i
n
g
M
P
P
T
P
a
n
d
O
/
M
P
P
T
F
u
z
z
y
,
”
T
E
LKOM
NIKA
(
T
e
l
ecom
m
u
n
icati
on Co
m
p
u
t
in
g
E
l
ectroni
c
s
an
d Co
n
t
rol)
,
v
ol.
1
6
,
no.
6
,
p
p
.
2
967
–2
97
9,
2
0
18.
[22]
D
.
V
.
Bozalak
o
v
,
T.
L
.
Van
doorn
,
B
.
M
eersman
,
g.
K
.
P
a
pag
i
an
nis
,
A.
I
.
Chry
soch
os
,
and
l.
V
and
e
veld
e,
“
D
ampin
g
-b
ased
d
roo
p
c
o
n
t
r
ol
s
t
r
ategy
all
o
w
i
n
g
a
n
in
creased
p
e
n
et
ratio
n
of
r
enew
abl
e
e
nergy
re
so
urces
i
n
lo
w-
v
o
l
t
age
grid
s,
”
IEEE
Tr
ans.
P
o
w
e
r
Deliv.
, v
ol
. 31
,
n
o.
4,
p
p
.
14
47
–1
4
5
5
,
2
01
6.
[23]
I.
H
.
Shan
on
o
,
N
.
R
u
l,
H
.
Ab
du
l
l
ah
,
an
d
A
.
M
u
h
am
m
a
d,
“
Fiv
e
-Leve
l
Si
ngle
S
o
u
r
ce
V
o
lt
age
Co
n
v
ert
e
r
Con
t
ro
lled
U
s
i
ng
S
e
lect
iv
e
H
a
rm
o
n
i
c
E
li
m
i
nat
i
o
n
,”
Ind
o
n
e
sia
n
Jou
r
n
a
l
of Elect
ri
cal
En
g
i
ne
er
in
g and
Co
mput
er Scien
c
e
,
vo
l.
12
,
n
o
. 3
, p
p.
92
4
–9
32
,
2
0
1
8
.
[24]
D
.
B
ozal
a
k
ov
,
T.
L
.
Van
d
o
o
rn
,
B.
M
eersm
a
n
,
C.
D
em
ouli
a
s,
a
n
d
L
.
V
and
e
vel
d
e,
“
V
o
lt
ag
e
d
i
p
miti
ga
t
i
on
capabi
lities of thr
ee-
phase damping cont
rol
strat
e
gy,”
E
l
ectr. P
o
w
e
r
Syst. R
e
s
.,
V
ol.
121
,
P
P
.
192
–
1
99
,
2
015
.
BIOGRAPHI
E
S
OF
AUT
HOR
Ja
m
eel
K
ad
him
Ab
ed
r
eceived
h
i
s
MS
c
and
P
h
D
deg
r
ee
i
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
tem,
m
achine
and
p
ow
er
electro
ni
cs
f
rom
t
h
e
Uni
v
ersit
y
o
f
Bag
h
d
a
d
i
n
1
9
85
and
2
0
0
3
r
es
p
ecti
v
el
y.
H
e
has
wo
rked
a
t
th
e
Foundat
i
on
o
f
Military
P
roduction
since
1988
a
s
Head
M
aster
of
t
h
e
Devel
o
p
m
e
n
t
and
Res
e
arch
Dep
a
rt
m
e
nt
i
n
t
h
e
fi
eld
of
p
o
w
er
e
l
ectro
nics
(
p
o
we
r
su
pp
ly
a
nd
invert
ers).
Current
ly
h
e
works
in
th
e
Mid
d
l
e
T
ech
ni
c
a
l
U
n
i
v
ersity
a
s Head
M
ast
e
r
of
t
he M
echatro
n
i
c
s
D
e
partmen
t
and
a
s lectu
r
er
in
p
o
w
er
e
lectroni
cs
f
or
u
nd
ergradu
a
te
a
nd
p
o
s
t
g
rad
u
ate
st
ud
e
n
t
s
as
w
ell
as
s
u
p
ervi
so
r
of
m
ast
e
r
and
h
i
gh
d
iplom
a
s
tu
dents
in
t
h
e
f
ie
l
d
o
f
hi
gh
f
r
eq
uen
c
y
inv
e
rt
er
a
nd
r
en
ewa
b
l
e
e
n
e
rgy
.
H
is
research
i
s
o
n
e
lectri
cal
d
ri
ves
and
p
o
w
e
r
ele
c
t
r
on
ics
on
v
ario
u
s
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
t
y
p
e
s
,
a
n
d
h
e
i
s
in
terest
ed
i
n
re
n
e
wab
l
e en
ergy
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