Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of
P
ower E
le
ctr
on
i
cs a
n
d
Drive
S
ystem
(I
J
PE
D
S
)
Vo
l.
11
,
N
o.
4
,
Decem
be
r 202
0
, p
p.
1899
~
1907
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8694
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ij
peds
.
v11.i
4
.
pp
1899
-
19
07
1899
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ij
pe
ds
.i
aescore.c
om
Perform
ance
analysis
of pack
ed
U
-
ce
ll
bas
ed i
nverter
-
f
ed fi
ve
-
phase in
ductio
n motor
drive
usin
g
SIN
P
WM tec
hn
i
que
Ah
med
R
iy
az
1
, Pr
ad
ip
Kum
ar
S
adhu
2
, A
tif
Iq
ba
l
3
, Md
. Abd
ull
ah
An
s
ari
4
1
,2
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
ine
er
ing
Dep
artme
nt
,
II
T
(ISM
)
Dhanba
d,
India;
3
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
i
nee
ring
Depa
r
tment, Col
l
ege of E
ngine
er
ing, Qat
a
r
Univer
sity
,
Do
ha
-
2713,
Q
at
ar
,
4
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
i
nee
ring
Depa
r
tment, AMU
,
Alig
a
rh,
Indi
a
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
N
ov
23
, 201
9
Re
vised
A
pr
2
6
, 2
0
20
Accepte
d
Aug
3
, 2
0
20
Induc
ti
on
mo
to
r
is
the
b
ac
k
bone
of
cur
re
nt
industr
ial
a
ppli
c
at
ions.
Multi
phase
mac
hine
s
c
an
h
andl
e
high
power
app
li
c
at
ion
ea
si
ly.
Wi
th
the
use
of
fiv
e
-
phase
in
duct
ion
mo
tor,
a
dvant
ag
e
o
f
bo
t
h
mu
lt
i
-
ph
ase
a
nd
indu
ct
ion
mot
or
c
an
be
a
chi
ev
ed.
Thi
s
p
ape
r
pre
s
ent
s
a
nal
ysis
of
five
-
phase
seve
n
le
ve
l
-
base
d
Ind
uct
ion
mot
or
sys
te
m
f
ed
by
pa
cke
d
U
-
c
ell
bas
ed
inv
ert
er
.
Modell
ing
of
five
-
phase
indu
ct
ion
mot
or
is
done
with
th
e
hel
p
of
ma
th
em
a
ti
c
al
e
quat
ions
using
d
-
q
axi
s
tra
ns
forma
t
ion.
Inv
e
rte
r
vol
ta
g
e
output
co
me
s
t
o
be
appr
oximat
e
ly
sinusoidal
wi
th
18.
07%
Total
Harm
oni
c
Distorti
on
(TH
D).
Induc
t
ion
m
otor
with
spe
ci
f
ie
d
par
amete
rs
i
s
simul
ated
under
no
-
lo
ad
condition
an
d
attai
ns
ste
a
dy
state
cond
it
ions
aft
e
r
tra
nsien
t
sta
te.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Ca
rr
ie
r si
gnal
s
Harmo
nics
Packe
d U cell
Transi
ent stat
e
This
is an
open
acc
ess arti
cl
e
un
der
the
CC
BY
-
SA
l
ic
ense
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ahmed
Ri
yaz
Ele
ct
rical
En
gi
neer
i
ng D
e
par
t
ment
,
II
T
(IS
M
)
Dh
a
nbad
, In
di
a
Emai
l:
r
iyazam
u@gmail
.c
om
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
M
ulti
phase
s
yst
ems
are
the
fo
c
us
of
resea
rch
i
n
prese
nt
days
due
t
o
their
intri
ns
ic
adv
a
ntage
s
com
par
e
d
t
o
th
ree
-
ph
a
se
s
ys
te
ms.
Higher
po
wer
ha
ndli
ng
c
apab
il
it
y,
m
or
e
fa
ult
tolera
nt,
le
sser
to
rque
ri
pp
le
s
et
c.
are
maj
or
adv
a
nta
ge
of
the
m
ulti
-
phase
sy
ste
m
.
With
the
i
ncrea
se
of
the
num
ber
of
pha
ses,
the
powe
r/tor
qu
e
pe
r
R
M
S
a
mp
e
r
e
f
or
t
he
sa
me
vo
l
um
e
mac
hin
e
ca
n
al
s
o
be
increase
d.
Mul
ti
ph
ase
s
ys
te
m
s
ha
ve
huge
pote
ntial
in
the
area
of
ge
ner
at
io
n,
trans
missi
on
and
util
iz
at
ion
[1].
The
res
earch
on
m
ult
iph
ase
gen
e
rato
rs
a
nd
synch
ron
ous
machine
s
ha
s
sta
rted
rece
ntly
[
2
,
3]
but
th
e
researc
h
on
mu
lt
iph
a
se
in
duct
ion
machine
s
has
been
done
e
xt
ensivel
y
an
d
var
i
ou
s
stu
dies
relat
ed
to
t
his
is
avail
abl
e
[4
,
5].
T
he
ph
a
se
trans
formati
on
was
re
ported
init
ia
ll
y
by
S.
P.
T
hom
ps
on
in
1894
[6].
O
f
the
t
otal
gl
obal
el
ect
rici
ty
be
ing
consu
med
,
m
ot
or
s
ys
te
m
co
nsumes
ab
out
43%
t
o
46%
an
d
of
w
hich
,
I
nductio
n
mo
t
or
is
pr
e
ferre
d
due
to
it
s
rob
us
tness
, mo
re to
le
ra
nt to
f
a
ults, lo
w
cost,
less mainte
na
nce and hig
h
s
peed
[7
-
10
]
. In
I
ndust
rial
au
to
mati
on
sy
ste
m,
AC
dri
ves
wi
th
a
djust
able
sp
ee
d
s
ys
te
m
are
al
so
gai
ning
po
pu
la
rity.
I
n
order
t
o
e
nh
a
nce
the
acc
ur
ac
y
and
reli
abili
ty
of
t
he
m
otor,
pro
per
c
ontr
ol
sy
ste
m
with
desire
d
e
ff
ic
ie
ncy
an
d
perf
ormance
is
re
qu
i
red.
Con
tr
olli
ng
I
nductio
n
m
otor
involves
mai
ntainin
g
the
de
sired
s
peed
a
t
ste
ady
sta
te
wh
ic
h
can
be
done
in
man
y
wa
ys
li
ke:
Stat
or
and
r
ot
or
vo
lt
age
co
ntr
ol
,
Fr
e
quen
cy
con
t
ro
l
,
a
nd
Stat
or
vo
lt
a
ge
a
nd
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
c
on
t
ro
l
M
ode
rn
Power
el
ect
ro
nics
c
onve
rters
a
re
co
mmit
te
d
towa
r
ds
de
sired
s
pe
ed
co
ntr
ol
an
d
mainta
inin
g
rip
ple
fr
ee
t
orqu
e
outp
ut
at
the
same
ti
me
.
Conve
ntio
nally,
tw
o
le
vel
inv
e
rters
wer
e
desig
ne
d
w
hic
h
are
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
11
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
1899
–
1907
1900
becomi
ng
ob
s
olete
due
to
hi
gh
T
otal
Ha
r
monic
Disto
rtion
(T
HD)
a
nd
losses.
Mult
il
evel
in
ver
te
rs
(MLI
)
involves
gen
e
r
at
ing
m
or
e
tha
n
three
outp
ut
le
vels
with
the
help
of
c
ombinati
on
of
DC
s
ources
a
nd
s
wi
tc
hes
in
order
t
o
im
pro
ve
T
H
D,
be
tt
er
po
wer
qual
it
y,
re
duci
ng
s
witc
hing
l
osse
s,
et
c.
And
du
e
to
t
hese
f
eat
ur
es,
M
L
Is
are
bein
g
exte
ns
ivel
y
util
iz
ed
in
Power
s
ys
te
m
a
ppli
cat
ion
s.
C
ontr
ol
scheme
e
mp
lo
ying
P
uls
e
Width
M
od
ulati
on (
P
W
M
)
te
c
hn
i
que h
a
ve br
ought
THD t
o
a
mu
c
h
lo
we
r
e
xtent
wh
ic
h
is
discu
s
sed
i
n
[1
1
-
1
5
]
.
With
the
I
ntrodu
ct
io
n
of
DC
li
nk
M
L
Is,
num
b
er
of
swit
ches
a
nd
gate
dr
i
ver
ci
rcu
it
s
ha
ve
be
en
reduce
d.
S
om
e
of
the
c
onve
nt
ion
al
M
LI
t
opologies
inclu
de
:
Ca
scaded
H
-
Bridg
e
M
L
I
,
N
eutral
point
or
Diode
cl
amped ty
pe ML
I
,
Fl
ying C
apacit
or MLI
.
Ca
scaded
H
-
B
rid
ge
to
polo
gy
us
es
switc
hes
an
d
ca
pacit
ors
casca
d
e
d
t
o
amplif
y
the
ou
tpu
t
le
vels
.
Each
H
-
br
i
dg
e
giv
es
dif
fer
e
nt
vo
lt
ages
li
ke
zero,
po
sit
ive
an
d
ne
gative
of
DC
s
ource.
One
majo
r
prob
le
m
with
t
his
t
opol
gy
is
t
he
avail
a
bili
ty
of
Is
olate
d
DC
sour
ces
w
hich
require
s
tra
ns
f
ormer
s
[1
6
]
.
Sec
ond
prob
le
m
is
the
s
witc
h
c
ount
wh
ic
h
al
s
o
po
se
li
mit
at
i
on
s
on
pract
ic
al
le
vels
[1
7
-
1
8
]
.
T
hr
ee
le
vel
Diode
Cl
am
pe
d
M
L
I
was
fir
st
pro
pose
d
by
[1
9
]
.
It
involves
ca
pacit
or
s
cl
a
mpe
d
to
pro
du
ce
ou
t
pu
t
vo
lt
ag
e
le
vels.
Tw
o
obvi
ous
pro
blems
wit
h
this
topol
ogy
are:
U
nb
al
a
nc
e
in
the
ca
pa
ci
tor
volt
ages
and
ot
her
is
t
he
e
xcessive
us
e
of
cl
amping
di
odes.
Fl
ying
Ca
pa
ci
tor
bas
ed
MLI
has
certai
n
ad
va
ntages
ov
e
r
oth
e
r
topol
og
i
es
li
ke,
redu
nd
a
ncies i
n
the
volt
age
levels,
w
hich
ca
n be
ob
ta
ine
d
more tha
n o
ne swit
ch
c
ombin
at
ion
s
[
20
]
.
This
pap
e
r
f
oc
us
es
on
rece
nt
ly
desi
gn
e
d
Pa
cked
U
-
Ce
ll
inv
e
rter
t
opology
w
hich
outp
erforms
the
above
desc
ribe
d
in
te
r
ms
of
powe
r
qual
it
y
a
nd
co
m
pone
nt
count
[
21
]
.
Ea
ch
U
cel
l
is
c
omp
rised
of
one
source
and
tw
o
s
witc
hes.
U
-
cel
ls
ar
e
co
nn
e
ct
ed
i
n
pa
rall
el
fash
i
on
to
i
ncr
ea
se
outp
ut
le
vels.
Furthe
r,
seve
n
le
vel
ou
t
pu
t
of
the
inv
e
rter
is
fe
d
t
o
five
phase
Indu
ct
io
n
mo
t
or.
The
co
mp
le
te
model
is
desig
ned
an
d
simula
te
d
i
n
M
A
TLAB/Si
m
ulink.
Sect
ion
I
I
de
scribes
the
impleme
ntati
on
of
Mult
i
-
le
v
el
outp
ut
us
ing
Pac
ke
d
U
-
Ce
ll
an
d
mathemat
ic
al
modell
ing
of
f
ive
ph
a
se
I
nduc
ti
on
m
oto
r
usi
ng
5
-
2
phase
trans
formati
on.
Sect
io
n
I
II
an
al
ys
es
the p
e
rfo
rma
nc
e of c
ombine
d Inverte
r
fe
d I
nductio
n mot
or
sy
ste
m.
Finall
y, Sect
io
n IV co
nclu
des
t
he pa
per.
2.
CONSTR
U
C
TION
A
ND
WORKI
NG
P
RINCIPLE
2.1.
Five p
ha
se
se
ve
n level
p
acke
d U
-
cel
l i
nv
er
t
er
The
desc
ribe
d
topolo
gy
is
a
com
bin
e
d
f
orm
of
ma
ny
U
cel
ls
in
wh
ic
h
each
cel
l
c
omprises
of
on
e
Ca
pacit
or
s
our
ce
an
d
tw
o
P
ower
el
ect
r
onic
s
switc
hes
(
Fi
gure
1)
[
22
]
.
Ca
scadin
g
a
dd
it
i
on
al
U
cel
ls
re
su
lt
in
add
it
io
nal
vo
lt
age levels
whi
ch
is s
how
n
i
n
Figure
2.
Figure
1. U
nit
U
cel
l
Figure
2. Ca
sc
aded U
cell
s
The
pro
posed
seve
n
le
vel
t
opol
ogy
is
s
hown
in
Fig
ur
e
3.
T
he
uppe
r
ca
pacit
or
is
c
harged
with
DC
vo
lt
age
V
1
an
d
lower
ca
pacit
or
is
charge
d
wi
th
one
-
t
hird
of
V1
e
qual
to
V
2.
T
otal
six
sw
it
ches
are
em
plo
ye
d
of
wh
ic
h
S
1’,
S2
’
a
nd
S
3’
s
witc
hes
are
c
ompli
menta
ry
of
S1,
S
2
an
d
S3
re
sp
ect
ivel
y.
Other
c
onve
ntion
a
l
top
ologies,
li
ke
casca
de
d
H
-
br
i
dg
e
c
onfi
gurati
on
re
qu
i
res
man
y
tra
nsfo
rmers
f
or
pro
du
ci
ng
isolat
e
d
DC
so
urce.
F
or
re
movin
g
this
dr
awb
ac
k,
tra
ns
f
ormer
le
ss
co
nfi
gurati
on
is
de
velo
ped.
Ta
ble
1
s
how
s
the
possible
vo
lt
age
le
vels
with
s
witc
hi
ng
seq
ue
nce
[
23
]
.
Among
ei
ght
volt
age
sta
te
s,
tw
o
ze
ro
sta
te
s
are
re
dunda
n
t
an
d
oth
e
r
six
are
ac
ti
ve
sta
te
s.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Perf
orma
nce
analysis
of
pa
ck
ed u
-
cel
l
ba
se
d i
nverter
-
fe
d
fi
ve
-
ph
as
e in
duc
ti
on
mo
t
or
…
(
Ah
med Riy
az)
1901
L
O
A
D
V
1
=
E
V
2
=
E
/
3
S
1
S
1
'
S
2
S
2
'
S
3
S
3
'
Figure
3. Pro
pose
d
se
ven lev
el
topolo
gy
Table
1
. Swit
c
hing se
quence
vs
vo
lt
a
ge
le
ve
ls of the
pro
po
se
d
s
eve
n
le
vel t
opol
ogy
State
V
o
S
1
S
2
S
3
S
1’
S
2’
S
3’
1
V1
1
0
0
0
1
1
2
V1
-
V2
1
0
1
0
1
0
3
V2
1
1
0
0
0
1
4
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
6
-
V2
0
0
1
1
1
0
7
V2
-
V1
0
1
0
1
0
1
8
-
V1
0
1
1
1
0
0
2.2.
Five p
ha
se
sq
uirr
el
ca
ge
in
duct
i
on
m
otor
Ind
uction
mo
t
or
s
w
ork
on
th
e
pr
in
ci
ple
of
relat
ive
mo
ti
on
bet
ween
sta
t
or
ma
gnet
ic
fiel
d
an
d
r
otor
cond
ucto
rs.
T
he
r
otati
ng
ma
gnet
ic
fiel
d
is
r
esp
on
si
ble
for
ro
ta
ti
on
of
r
ot
or
with
s
pee
d
equ
al
to
sli
p
s
peed.
Un
li
ke
t
hr
ee
phase,
the
AC
s
upply
of
t
he
sta
tor
i
n
five
phase
is
disp
la
ce
d
by
72°
i
n
spa
ce
wh
ic
h
is
sh
ow
n
i
n
Figure
4.
A
nd
in
case
of
s
quir
rel
ca
ge
r
otor,
the
E
MF
de
velop
e
d
produces
current
wh
ic
h
r
esults
i
n
i
ntera
ct
ion
of
t
wo ma
gn
et
i
c fiel
ds
.
Th
e
to
rque
devel
oped
causes
the
ro
t
or
t
o ro
ta
te
on
it
s ax
is.
G
ene
r
al
f
orm
ula for
sp
at
ia
l
disp
la
ceme
nt a
ng
le
f
or
a
ny
ba
la
nced
n
-
phase
A
C
machi
ne
i
s 2
π/
n.
A
C
E
B
D
A
C
E
B
D
Figure
4. Five
ph
a
se
windin
g arra
ng
e
ment
An
al
ys
in
g
the
dynamic
beh
a
vior
of
t
he
i
nduction
mo
t
or
r
equ
i
res
pro
pe
r
mathemat
ic
al
model
o
f
t
he
whole
sy
ste
m.
A
nd
since
t
he
ti
me
dep
e
nd
e
nt
nat
ur
e
of
m
otor
pa
ra
mete
rs
co
mp
li
cat
es
the
differentia
l
equ
at
io
n.
O
ne
way
is
t
o
some
how
ma
ke
the
equ
at
io
n
ti
me
i
nd
e
pe
nd
e
nt.
R
otati
ng
mag
net
ic
fiel
d
pro
duc
ed
by
five
ph
a
se
AC
can
be
r
ed
uc
ed
to
simple
t
wo
ort
h
ogonal
d
-
q
a
xis.
In
ot
her
wor
ds
,
st
at
or
as
well
a
s
ro
t
or
flu
xes,
volt
age,
etc. are
calc
ul
at
ed
with
r
es
pe
ct
to
ot
her re
fe
ren
ce
frame i.e
. d
-
q
a
xis.
Assumin
g
that
the
a
rb
it
ra
ry
ref
e
ren
ce
fr
a
m
e
is
r
otati
ng
with
an
gula
r
s
peed
,
Ind
uctio
n
m
oto
r
ste
ady stat
e m
od
el
e
quat
io
n
t
ran
s
f
or
me
d
i
nto
d
-
q
a
xis
fr
am
e is gi
ven b
el
ow
[
24
]
:
Fo
r
stat
or:
=
+
+
=
−
+
=
+
=
+
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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S
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:
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694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
11
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
1899
–
1907
1902
=
+
=
(
+
)
+
=
(
+
)
+
=
=
=
Fo
r
roto
r:
=
+
(
−
)
+
=
−
(
−
)
+
=
+
=
+
=
+
=
(
+
)
+
=
(
+
)
+
=
=
=
Finall
y
the
T
orqu
e
and
r
oto
r
s
peed eq
uatio
n:
=
[
−
]
=
∫
2
(
−
)
As
ca
n
be
seen
from
t
he
ab
ov
e
eq
uations,
x
-
y
-
o
c
ompone
nts
are
pr
ese
nt
al
ong
d
-
q
a
xis
c
ompone
nts.
x
-
y
co
mpo
nen
t
s
pr
ese
nt
in
r
ot
or
si
de
can
be
om
it
te
d
f
or
fur
ther
cal
culat
io
n
beca
us
e
of
s
hort
-
ci
rc
uited
r
otor.
Also
zer
o
co
m
p
one
nt
is
al
so no
t
prese
nt b
ec
ause
of star
c
onnecti
on
of
sta
tor
wi
nd
i
ng
a
nd
s
hort
-
ci
rcu
it
e
d
r
oto
r
windin
gs
.
T
his
re
du
ce
s
the
five
phase
s
ys
te
m
to
sim
ply
two
ph
ase
s
ys
t
em
in
ar
bitrar
y
re
fer
e
nce
fr
a
me.
T
he
KV
L
e
qu
at
io
n i
s il
lustrate
d
in
Fig
ur
e
5.
Inp
ut to
t
h
e fi
ve
phase i
nduction m
otor is
give
n by se
ven level
in
ver
te
r de
scribe
d
a
bove.
V
qs
I
qs
R
s
ωΨ
ds
L
ls
L
m
L
lr
(
ω
a
-
ω
)
Ψ
dr
R
r
-
+
+
-
V
qr
I
qr
(a)
V
ds
I
ds
Rs
ωΨ
qs
L
ls
L
m
L
lr
(
ω
a
-
ω
)
Ψ
qr
R
r
-
+
+
-
V
dr
I
dr
(b)
V
os
I
os
R
s
L
ls
V
or
I
or
R
r
L
lr
(c)
Figure
5. Eq
ui
valent circ
uit
di
agr
am
, (
a
) q
-
a
xis, (b)
d
-
a
xis
and (c
) o
-
a
xis
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Perf
orma
nce
analysis
of
pa
ck
ed u
-
cel
l
ba
se
d i
nverter
-
fe
d
fi
ve
-
ph
as
e in
duc
ti
on
mo
t
or
…
(
Ah
med Riy
az)
1903
Ba
la
nced
fi
ve
ph
a
se
sin
us
oi
da
l
AC
is
giv
e
n
to
the
sta
to
r
.
Each
ph
a
se
is
disp
la
ce
d
by
72°
or
2
5
rad
ia
n.
T
he e
quat
ion i
s
giv
e
n
belo
w
al
on
g w
it
h
Fig
ur
e
6.
=
sin
(
)
=
sin
(
−
2
5
)
=
sin
(
+
2
5
)
=
sin
(
−
4
5
)
=
sin
(
+
4
5
)
V
e
s
V
a
s
V
b
s
V
c
s
V
d
s
Figure
6. Five
ph
a
se
balance
d Si
nuso
i
dal
AC sig
nal
3.
SIMULATI
O
N AND PE
RF
ORMA
N
CE
ANALY
SIS
:
Power
el
ect
r
on
ic
switc
hes
li
ke
IG
BT
s
are
tr
igg
e
red
by
pro
vid
in
g
gate
si
gnal
s.
Her
e
,
we
are
us
in
g
sine
P
ulse
Wid
th
Mo
du
la
ti
on
te
chn
iq
ue
i
n
w
hich
pure
sin
usoidal
ref
e
ren
ce
sign
al
is
co
mpa
red
with
Alte
r
nate
Ph
ase
O
ppos
it
ion
Dis
posed
(
APOD
)
ca
rr
ie
r
sig
nals
to
obta
in
the
re
qu
ir
ed
gate
pu
lse
(
Fi
gure
7).
Othe
r
ci
rcu
it
par
a
mete
rs of
Packe
d U cell
Inv
e
rter a
s
well
as Inducti
on m
otor is
giv
e
n
in
Tab
le
2
a
nd
3
.
R
e
fe
r
e
n
c
e
S
i
gn
al
f
=
50
Hz
C
ar
r
i
e
r
S
i
gn
al
f
=
800
Hz
Figure
7. A
POD ca
rr
ie
r
sig
na
ls vs
si
ne refe
r
ence si
gn
al
Table
2
. Seve
n l
evel p
a
cke
d u
cell
circuit pa
r
amet
ers
Para
m
eters
Valu
e
Vo
ltag
e Sou
rce
(
V
1
)
2
0
0
V
Cap
acito
r
Ch
arge (
V2
)
2
0
0
/3
V
Refere
n
ce
sig
n
al f
r
eq
u
en
cy
5
0
Hz
Carrie
r
Fr
eq
u
en
cy
8
0
0
Hz
Am
p
litu
d
e M
o
d
u
latio
n
I
n
d
ex
0
.95
Switch
IGBT
Ro
n
=1
m
Ω
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In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
11
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
1899
–
1907
1904
Table
3.
Five
phase i
nductio
n moto
r rat
in
g
Para
m
eters
Valu
e
Rated
Fr
eq
u
en
cy
5
0
Hz
Nu
m
b
er
o
f
Poles
4
Stato
r
Res
istan
ce
(
Rs
)
2
.8 Ω
Ro
to
r
Res
istan
ce (R
r)
1
.9 Ω
Stato
r
Ind
u
ctan
ce (Lls)
5
m
H
Ro
to
r
Ind
u
ctan
ce (Llr)
2
4
m
H
Mutu
al I
n
d
u
ctan
ce (
L
m
)
1
5
0
m
H
Moment o
f
I
n
ertia
(J)
0
.00
9
kg
m
2
Since
Ba
la
nce
d
Five
phase
I
nput
AC
volt
age
is
re
quire
d
for
norm
al
operati
on
of
I
nd
uction
m
otor
unde
r
ste
ad
y
sta
te
.
But,
al
s
o
the
outp
ut
of
I
nv
e
rter
ci
r
cuit
is
not
purely
si
nuso
i
dal.
S
o,
it
is
des
ired
t
o
minimi
ze
the
losses
w
hich
is
in
the
f
orm
of
harmo
nics.
Tot
al
Harmo
nic
D
is
tortion
(
TH
D
)
is
t
he
te
r
m
use
d
to
evaluate
per
ce
nt of
unwa
nted
h
a
rm
on
ic
fr
e
quenc
y
c
omp
onents
pr
ese
nt in
the sig
nal.
=
√
2
−
1
2
1
wh
e
re
1
are
t
he
RMS
a
nd
fun
da
mental
c
omp
on
e
nt
of
outp
ut
vo
lt
a
ge
re
sp
e
ct
ively.
Simpl
e
Bl
ock
diag
ram
re
pr
e
sentin
g
in
ve
rter
plu
s
m
otor
s
ect
ion
is
il
lustrate
d
i
n
Fig
ure
8.
Sim
ulin
k
m
od
el
of
Ind
uctio
n
mo
to
r
is
giv
e
n i
n
A
ppen
dix f
or fu
rther re
fer
e
nce.
D
C
S
u
p
p
l
y
M
LI
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
G
a
t
i
n
g
S
i
g
n
a
l
s
Va
Vb
Vc
Vd
Ve
I
N
V
E
R
T
E
R
S
E
C
T
I
O
N
5
P
h
a
se
IM
Figure
8. Bl
oc
k Diag
ram
s
ho
wing c
omplet
e sy
ste
m
m
od
el
4.
RESU
LT
S
AND DI
SCUS
S
ION:
The
sim
ulati
on
is
done
i
n
M
A
TLAB/Si
m
ulink
e
nvir
onment,
the
Sim
ulink
model
is
dep
ic
te
d
i
n
Figure
13
(Ap
pendix
)
.
O
n
r
unni
ng
t
he
co
m
plete
model
in
Simuli
nk,
it
is
fou
nd
t
hat
outp
ut
I
nv
e
rter
waveform
resem
bles
very
muc
h
nea
r
t
o
the
Si
nu
s
oid
al
sign
al
a
s
s
how
n
in
Fi
gure
9.
THD
of
outp
ut
volt
age
is
18.
07%
wh
ic
h
is s
uffic
ie
ntly lo
w for t
he In
duct
ion m
otor stable
ope
rati
on as ca
n b
e seen
in
Fig
ure
10.
Figure
9. I
nv
e
r
te
r
outp
ut
vo
lt
a
ge wave
f
or
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Perf
orma
nce
analysis
of
pa
ck
ed u
-
cel
l
ba
se
d i
nverter
-
fe
d
fi
ve
-
ph
as
e in
duc
ti
on
mo
t
or
…
(
Ah
med Riy
az)
1905
Figure
10. T
H
D of
outp
ut
vo
l
ta
ge
wa
ve
form
Feedin
g
the
se
ven
le
vel
in
vert
er
outp
ut
t
o
five
phase
Ind
uc
tor
mo
t
or
res
ul
ts
in
gr
a
dual
de
velo
pm
e
nt
of
to
r
qu
e
wh
ic
h
co
ns
e
qu
e
ntly
after
small
transient
sta
te
achieves
sta
ble
sta
te
wh
ic
h
is
de
picte
d
in
Fi
gure
1
1.
Simi
la
rly,
r
otor
s
pee
d
at
ta
ins
ne
a
r
s
yn
c
hro
nous
s
pee
d
a
ft
er
suffici
ent
tr
ansient
sta
te
wh
ic
h
is
a
rou
nd
0.1
seco
nd
s
in
t
his
case as s
how
n i
n
Fig
ure
12. B
oth
sp
ee
d
a
nd t
orq
ue
are
an
al
yzed f
or No
-
lo
ad
c
onditi
on.
Figure
11. Elec
trom
a
gnet
ic
torqu
e
(Nm
)
at
no
-
loa
d
c
onditi
on
Figure
12.
R
oto
r
Speed
(rpm)
at n
o
-
l
oad co
ndit
ion
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N:
This
pa
per
de
scribes
Sim
ula
ti
on
model
of
r
unning
fi
ve
ph
a
se
Ind
uctio
n
mo
t
or
s
ys
te
m
with
t
he
ou
t
pu
t
fed
fro
m
seve
n
le
vel
Packe
d
-
U
cel
l
M
ulti
le
vel
in
ver
te
r
.
T
he
m
odel
is
de
velo
pe
d
em
ployin
g
blo
c
ks
ta
ken
from
Si
mpowe
r
s
ys
te
m
Libra
r
y.
I
nv
erter
outp
ut
volt
age
al
ong
with
T
HD
is
a
nalyzed.
I
nductio
n
m
otor
sp
ee
d
at
ta
ins
r
at
ed
value
a
fter
unde
r
go
i
ng
tr
ansient
sta
te
a
nd
t
orqu
e
de
ve
lop
e
d
init
ia
ll
y
moves
the
r
otor
a
nd
set
tl
es
dow
n
a
fter
ste
a
dy
sta
t
e
in
abse
nce
of
L
oa
d
t
orq
ue.
Th
e
m
odel
ca
n
be
exte
nd
e
d
to
n
-
phase
Ind
uct
ion
mo
to
r
s
ys
te
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
11
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
1899
–
1907
1906
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENT
:
This
pu
blica
ti
on
was
m
ade
po
s
sible
by
Q
at
ar
U
niv
er
sit
y
High
I
mp
act
Re
search
gr
a
nt
#
[
QUH
I
-
CENG
-
19/
20
-
2]
f
r
om
the
Q
at
ar
Un
i
ver
sit
y.
T
he
sta
te
men
ts
ma
de
he
rein
are
s
olely
the
res
ponsi
bili
ty
of
the
auth
or
s
.
APPE
ND
I
X
(a)
(b)
Figure
13 (
a
)
C
omplet
e simuli
nk m
od
el
of f
i
ve ph
a
se in
duc
ti
on
m
otor,
(b)
Ele
ct
rical
su
b
-
model
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Perf
orma
nce
analysis
of
pa
ck
ed u
-
cel
l
ba
se
d i
nverter
-
fe
d
fi
ve
-
ph
as
e in
duc
ti
on
mo
t
or
…
(
Ah
med Riy
az)
1907
REFERE
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rt
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al
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iv
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phase
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ct
io
n
mo
tor
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ce
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”
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h
Inte
rnat
ional
Mult
i
-
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ere
nc
es
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sch
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“
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ng
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f
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cl
a
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d
inve
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rs
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al
l
el
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ans.
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New
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l
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Inv
ert
er
To
pology
wi
th
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d
numb
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of
Sw
it
che
s
using
Advanc
ed
Modulat
ion
Str
at
eg
i
es
”
,
Int
ernati
on
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ere
nc
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im
ul
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"
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eve
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-
Shif
te
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d
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me
s
f
or
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L
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Single
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ac
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C
ell
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l
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di
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ed
15
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el
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t
h
European
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fe
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Elec
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E'16
ECC
E
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n
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C
irc
ui
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t
o
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Tr
ansient
Stabi
l
it
y
in
P
ower
Sys
te
m
,”
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nte
rnational
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rnal
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ct
ronics
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it
c
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ncy
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e
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phase
seve
n
-
l
ev
el
pa
cke
d
U
c
el
l
s
rec
ti
f
ie
r:
A
co
mpa
ra
ti
ve
study
bet
wee
n
PWM
c
ontrol
and
hyst
er
esis
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ro
l
,”
20
18
9th
Int.
R
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“
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abi
l
it
y
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al
ysis
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i
ve
-
phase
induc
t
i
on
mot
or
dr
ive
s
with
var
ia
bl
e thi
rd
har
mon
ic i
nj
e
ct
ion
,”
Elec
tr
.
P
ower
Syst. Res
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,
vol.
80
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010.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.