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0
]
.
T
h
is
i
s
w
h
y
P
n
O
i
s
le
s
s
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
f
o
r
MPPT
tech
n
iq
u
e
in
W
E
C
S.
I
n
th
e
p
r
ese
n
t
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
I
N
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
as
an
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
MP
PT
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
.
I
N
w
h
ic
h
is
So
f
t
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
f
ast
a
n
d
e
f
f
icien
t,
s
ee
m
s
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
b
etter
o
n
t
h
e
e
x
ec
u
te
ti
m
e
to
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
to
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
[
1
1
]
.
T
w
o
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
I
N
ca
l
led
P
ar
ticle
S
w
ar
m
Op
ti
m
izatio
n
(
P
SO)
an
d
F
A
w
er
e
d
ev
is
ed
to
f
i
n
d
o
p
ti
m
al
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
s
o
f
n
o
is
y
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el
s
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
b
o
th
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
P
SO
an
d
F
A
s
ee
m
s
to
b
e
n
o
t
s
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
to
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
th
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
.
F
A
ten
d
s
to
b
e
b
etter
,
esp
ec
iall
y
o
n
th
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
h
av
in
g
m
u
lti
-
p
ea
k
s
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
ey
h
av
e
al
s
o
s
i
m
p
le
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
,
f
a
s
t
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
an
d
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
in
lo
w
co
s
t
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
[
1
2
]
[
1
3
]
.
T
ak
in
g
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t
t
h
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
ity
o
f
t
h
e
F
A
,
th
is
p
ap
er
in
v
esti
g
ate
s
th
e
F
A
o
n
MP
P
T
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
r
o
m
W
E
C
S.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
co
m
p
ar
e
d
w
it
h
p
er
tu
r
b
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
e
(
P
n
O)
to
s
h
o
w
it
s
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
i
n
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
MP
P
.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
DS
2
.
1
.
M
o
delin
g
o
f
Wind
E
ner
g
y
Co
nv
er
s
io
n Sy
s
t
e
m
(
W
E
CS)
T
o
in
v
esti
g
a
te
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
es
u
s
i
n
g
F
A
,
a
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
W
E
C
S
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
W
in
d
T
u
r
b
in
e
(
W
T
)
,
P
MSG
(
P
er
m
a
n
en
t
Ma
g
n
et
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
Ge
n
er
ato
r
)
,
R
ec
ti
f
ier
,
DC
-
D
C
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
,
an
d
th
e
lo
ad
r
esis
tan
ce
.
W
in
d
p
o
w
er
is
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
th
e
th
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ic
al
p
o
w
er
b
y
w
i
n
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Hig
h
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
MPP
T o
n
Win
d
E
n
erg
y
C
o
n
ve
r
s
io
n
S
ystem
(
D
w
ia
n
a
Hen
d
r
a
w
a
ti
)
1361
tu
r
b
in
es,
w
h
ic
h
d
r
iv
e
s
a
g
e
n
er
ato
r
to
cr
ea
te
th
e
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
w
er
(
P
m
)
an
d
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
elec
tr
ical
p
o
w
er
(
P
e
)
av
ailab
le
f
r
o
m
W
T
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
[
5
]
:
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Sch
e
m
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
W
E
C
S a
n
d
MP
PT
co
n
tr
o
l
Me
th
o
d
P
m
= ½
C
p
ρ
A
V
3
(
1
)
P
e
= P
m
. η
g
(
2
)
C
p
is
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
o
f
th
e
b
lad
e,
ρ
is
air
d
en
s
it
y
(
k
g
/
m
3
)
,
A
is
th
e
s
w
ee
p
ar
ea
o
f
th
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
r
o
to
r
R
ad
iu
s
=
π
R
2
(m
2
)
,
R
is
r
ad
iu
s
t
u
r
b
in
e,
V
is
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
(
m
/s
)
,
η
g
i
s
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
Ge
n
er
at
o
r
.
2
.
2
.
T
he
M
o
delin
g
o
f
M
P
P
T
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
ex
tr
ac
t
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
n
er
g
y
,
t
h
e
P
MSG
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
h
as
to
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
D
C
/DC
co
n
v
er
ter
with
MP
PT
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
O
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
w
a
s
m
a
x
i
m
ized
w
it
h
o
u
t
an
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
tu
r
b
in
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
b
y
iter
ati
v
el
y
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
v
a
r
iab
le
w
h
ich
r
es
u
lt
s
in
P
MS
G
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
ad
j
u
s
t
m
e
n
t
[
1
4
]
t
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
tak
es
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
P
MSG
an
d
th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
o
f
DC
/DC
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
f
ac
t th
a
t a
t
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
p
o
in
t
[
1
5
]
f
o
r
a
g
iv
e
n
w
i
n
d
v
elo
cit
y
(
3
)
I
t c
an
b
e
p
r
o
v
en
th
at
f
o
r
a
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
co
n
d
itio
n
is
al
s
o
s
atis
fi
ed
b
y
(
4
)
w
h
er
e
D
is
t
h
e
d
c/d
c
co
n
v
er
ter
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le,
an
d
ω
is
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
W
T
.
A
ll
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
o
n
th
i
s
m
et
h
o
d
,
r
eq
u
ir
es
o
n
ly
p
o
w
er
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t.
P
is
ca
lcu
lated
p
er
c
y
cle.
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
co
n
d
itio
n
(
4
)
,
th
e
ac
tu
al
d
er
iv
ati
v
e
s
ig
n
h
as
to
b
e
ev
alu
a
ted
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
r
esen
ts
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
c
h
an
g
es
an
d
t
h
e
last
s
ea
r
ch
d
ir
ec
ti
o
n
o
f
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle.
T
h
e
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
g
e
n
er
ates
a
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
i
n
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
esen
t
a
n
d
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
an
d
t
h
e
p
r
esen
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
.
I
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
p
o
w
er
i
s
g
r
ea
ter
m
ea
n
s
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
te
n
d
s
to
d
ir
ec
t
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
t
to
w
ar
d
MP
P
,
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
es
u
n
til
t
h
e
MP
P
is
r
ea
c
h
ed
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
w
it
h
t
h
e
d
is
cr
ete
i
m
p
le
m
en
tati
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
e
th
o
d
,
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
b
ee
n
c
lass
if
ied
as
d
ig
ita
l
MP
PT
.
M
PP
s
ea
r
ch
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
o
f
P
n
O
an
d
F
A
i
s
b
ased
o
n
th
is
m
et
h
o
d
,
s
o
b
o
t
h
o
f
t
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
d
ig
ita
l M
P
PT
.
2
.
3
T
he
M
P
P
T
Co
ntr
o
l Techni
qu
e
s
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
th
e
t
w
o
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
is
a
s
ea
r
ch
-
r
e
m
e
m
b
er
-
r
eu
s
e.
T
h
ey
u
s
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
to
s
to
r
e
p
ea
k
p
o
w
e
r
p
o
in
ts
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
a
n
d
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
tr
ac
k
t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
p
o
in
t.
I
t
s
tar
ts
w
i
th
a
b
lan
k
m
e
m
o
r
y
a
n
d
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
ea
r
c
h
ex
ec
u
tio
n
g
r
a
d
u
all
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
p
o
w
er
d
if
f
er
en
ce
li
m
it
[
1
5
]
.
R
e
f
er
r
in
g
to
E
q
u
atio
n
s
3
a
n
d
4
,
th
e
P
n
O
alg
o
r
it
h
m
u
s
es
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
to
s
o
l
v
e
th
e
MP
P
p
r
o
b
lem
w
it
h
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le
as t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l v
ar
iab
le:
[
1
5
]
(
5
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
3
5
9
–
1
3
6
7
1362
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
F
A
is
u
s
e
d
to
s
o
lv
e
t
h
e
MP
P
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
.
I
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
v
ar
iab
le
(
d
u
t
y
c
y
cl
e
co
n
v
er
ter
)
is
p
o
s
itio
n
ed
as
a
f
ir
e
f
l
y
.
T
h
en
s
o
m
e
f
ir
e
f
lies
ar
e
r
elea
s
ed
w
ill
lo
o
k
b
r
ig
h
ter
a
n
d
less
li
g
h
t
w
h
ic
h
in
d
icate
s
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
ated
w
it
h
a
ce
r
tain
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle.
T
h
e
less
b
r
ig
h
t
w
ill
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
e
f
ir
m
er
f
ir
ef
lies
,
an
d
t
h
e
b
r
ig
h
test
p
r
ese
n
t
MP
P
.
T
h
e
b
asic
m
o
tio
n
o
f
t
h
is
f
ir
ef
l
y
s
w
itc
h
es
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
asic
alg
o
r
ith
m
al
g
o
r
ith
m
Fi
r
e
f
l
y
(
6
)
[
1
2
]
.
(
)
(
6
)
x
i
a
n
d
x
j
r
ep
r
esen
t
t
h
e
p
o
s
it
io
n
of
le
s
s
b
r
i
g
h
t
f
ir
ef
l
y
i
a
n
d
b
r
ig
h
ter
f
ir
ef
l
y
j
.
β
0
is
f
ir
ef
l
y
a
t
t
r
ac
tiv
e
n
ess
f
ac
to
r
,
γ
is
r
an
d
o
m
v
ec
to
r
,
α
is
li
g
h
t
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t,
an
d
t
h
e
v
ec
to
r
εi
is
a
r
an
d
o
m
v
ec
to
r
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
a
Gau
s
s
ia
n
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
b
et
wee
n
0
to
1
in
d
icate
s
t
h
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
p
o
s
itio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
ef
lies
a
s
co
n
tr
o
l
v
ar
iab
les
is
v
er
y
n
ar
r
o
w
,
s
o
th
at
α
a
n
d
γ
ca
n
b
e
ig
n
o
r
ed
.
T
h
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
s
ca
lled
th
e
s
i
m
p
l
y
F
A
.
Fo
r
th
e
s
i
m
p
l
y
F
A,
E
q
u
atio
n
(
6
)
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as:
(
)
(
7
)
E
q
u
atio
n
6
ad
ap
ted
f
o
r
d
u
ty
c
y
cle
as a
co
n
tr
o
l v
ar
iab
le
i
n
an
atte
m
p
t to
r
ea
ch
th
e
MP
P
,
b
e:
(
)
(
8
)
D
i+
1
a
n
d
D
i
ar
e
th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
at
i+1
an
d
i
s
a
m
p
le
in
s
tan
t,
D
i
an
d
D
j
r
ep
r
esen
t
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le
at
th
e
less
p
o
w
er
an
d
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
at
t
h
e
lar
g
e
s
t
p
o
w
er
.
β
0
is
f
ir
ef
l
y
attr
ac
ti
v
e
n
es
s
f
ac
to
r
.
Si
n
ce
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
F
A
an
d
P
n
O
ar
e
id
en
tical,
t
h
en
E
q
u
a
tio
n
(
8
)
is
id
en
tical
w
it
h
E
q
u
at
io
n
5
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MPPT
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
co
n
tr
o
ller
w
it
h
F
A
w
h
ic
h
allo
w
s
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
co
n
tr
o
l th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
o
f
t
h
e
DC
-
DC
B
u
c
k
C
o
n
v
er
ter
,
as d
e
s
cr
ib
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
es
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
d
c
-
li
n
k
v
o
ltag
e
V
dc
(
t)
an
d
th
e
d
c
-
cu
r
r
en
t
I
dc
(
t)
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
ts
to
ad
j
u
s
t th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
D(
t)
d
ir
ec
tl
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t t
h
e
f
ir
ef
l
y
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
a
s
MP
PT
co
n
tr
o
l t
ec
h
n
iq
u
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Hig
h
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
MPP
T o
n
Win
d
E
n
erg
y
C
o
n
ve
r
s
io
n
S
ystem
(
D
w
ia
n
a
Hen
d
r
a
w
a
ti
)
1363
2
.
4
.
T
he
F
iref
ly
Alg
o
rit
hm
M
P
P
T
T
h
e
s
tep
s
o
f
t
h
e
F
A
co
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
in
o
r
d
er
to
g
et
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
t
h
at
is
:
P
ar
am
e
ter
Setti
n
g
,
I
n
itializatio
n
o
f
Fire
f
l
y
,
B
r
ig
h
tn
es
s
E
v
a
lu
atio
n
,
Up
d
ate
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
f
ir
e
f
lies
,
T
er
m
i
n
at
e
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
,
a
n
d
r
en
itiate
t
h
e
F
A
.
T
h
e
6
s
tep
s
s
ep
er
ti d
alam
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t
F
ig
u
r
e
3
ar
e
d
escr
ib
e
d
b
elo
w
[
12
]
:
a.
Step
1
:
Dete
r
m
i
n
in
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
ir
ef
l
y
,
t
h
e
co
n
s
ta
n
ts
o
f
th
e
F
A
an
d
th
e
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
cr
iter
ia.
I
n
th
i
s
ca
s
e
ar
e
s
et
:
t
h
r
ee
f
ir
ef
l
ies.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
t
h
e
ter
m
i
n
atio
n
cr
iter
io
n
i.e
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
o
f
iter
ati
o
n
=
1
0
o
r
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
a
m
o
n
g
D
j
an
d
D
k
=
0
.
0
0
1
b.
Step
2
:
T
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
s
ar
e
p
lace
d
am
o
n
g
D
m
in
an
d
D
m
a
x
(
0
-
1
)
w
h
ich
i
s
th
e
v
alu
e
s
o
f
allo
w
ab
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
I
ts
i
n
itial
v
al
u
es (
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle)
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
elec
ted
m
an
u
al
l
y
(
D
i1
=
0
.
5
; D
i2
=
0
.
1
5
;
D
i3
=
0
.
3
)
.
c.
Step
3
:
MPPT
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
is
o
p
er
ated
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
l
y
to
th
e
ea
ch
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
s
eq
u
e
n
tia
ll
y
.
T
h
e
in
itial
v
alu
e
o
f
D
(
D
i1
, D
i2
, D
i3
)
g
e
n
er
ated
th
e
b
r
ig
h
t
n
es
s
(P
1
, P
2
,
d
a
n
P
3
)
d.
Step
4
:
T
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
w
i
th
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
r
e
m
ai
n
s
i
n
its
p
o
s
itio
n
an
d
t
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
i
n
g
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
u
p
d
ate
th
eir
p
o
s
itio
n
b
ased
o
n
:
I
f P
1
≥
P
2
a
n
d
P
1
≥
P
3
th
en
D
i2+
1
= D
i2
+
β
o
(
D
i1
–
D
i2
)
D
i3+
1
= D
i3
+
β
o
(
D
i1
–
D
i3
);
E
ls
e
if P
2
≥
P
3
a
n
d
P
2
≥
P
1
th
en
D
i1+
1
= D
i1
+
β
o
(
D
i2
–
D
i1
)
D
i3+
1
= D
i3
+
β
o
(
D
i2
–
D
i3
);
E
ls
e
D
i1+
1
= D
i1
+
β
o
(
D
i3
–
D
i1
)
D
k2
= D
k2
-
1
+
β
o
(
D
i3
–
D
i2
)
e.
Step
5
:
T
h
e
s
tep
3
-
4
w
il
l b
e
r
ep
ea
ted
u
n
til t
h
e
ter
m
i
n
atio
n
c
r
iter
io
n
is
r
ea
ch
ed
.
f
.
Step
6
:
I
f
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
ch
an
g
e
s
,
w
h
ich
is
d
etec
ted
b
y
s
en
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
t
h
e
p
o
wer
o
u
tp
u
t,
t
h
en
r
etu
r
n
to
s
tep
2
Su
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
e
P
n
O
al
g
o
r
ith
m
w
as
a
l
s
o
p
lace
d
o
n
t
h
e
MP
PT
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
a
n
d
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
v
er
i
f
y
t
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
M
P
PT
w
it
h
F
A
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
i
m
u
latio
n
w
e
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
8
,
12
an
d
1
4
m
/s
.
T
h
e
B
u
ck
C
o
n
v
er
ter
an
d
W
G
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
an
d
T
a
b
le
2
.
A
s
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
s
tated
th
a
t
th
is
p
ap
er
ap
p
lies
T
h
e
Si
m
p
l
y
F
A
,
s
o
t
h
at
α
a
n
d
γ
ar
e
n
o
t
tak
e
n
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
r
es
u
lt
s
ar
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
s
o
lel
y
b
y
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
β to
o
b
tain
o
p
tim
al
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le
.
T
ab
le
1
.
P
ar
am
eter
o
f
B
u
c
k
C
o
n
v
er
ter
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
V
a
l
u
e
I
n
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
50
-
1
0
0
V
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
5
-
2
5
V
R
a
t
e
d
P
o
w
e
r
5
0
0
W
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
f
1
0
k
T
h
e
in
itial
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
f
ir
e
f
lie
s
as
t
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
v
al
u
e
i
s
m
a
n
u
al
l
y
s
elec
ted
.
T
h
ese
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
v
al
u
es
p
r
o
d
u
ce
in
itial
p
o
w
er
w
h
ich
m
a
y
b
e
MP
P
at
ce
r
tain
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
s
o
n
W
T
.
I
ter
atio
n
co
n
tin
u
es
u
n
t
il
th
e
ter
m
i
n
atio
n
cr
iter
ia
ar
e
r
ea
ch
e
d
as
i
n
s
tep
5
ab
o
v
e.
W
h
e
n
te
r
m
in
a
tio
n
is
a
c
h
ie
v
ed
,
o
p
ti
m
u
m
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le
v
alu
e
is
o
b
tain
ed
w
ith
i
ts
MP
P
v
alu
e
.
T
ab
le
2
.
P
ar
am
eter
o
f
W
in
d
G
en
er
ato
r
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
V
a
l
u
e
N
o
mi
n
a
l
O
u
t
p
u
t
P
o
w
e
r
5
0
0
Wp
B
a
se
W
i
n
d
S
p
e
e
d
1
4
m/
s
B
a
se
R
o
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
p
e
e
d
2
5
0
r
p
m
M
o
me
n
t
o
f
i
n
e
r
t
i
a
0
.
1
Th
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
d
if
f
er
en
t
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
an
d
f
ir
ef
l
y
attr
ac
tiv
en
e
s
s
f
ac
to
r
(
β
)
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
latio
n
ti
m
e
1
5
s
ec
.
T
ab
le
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
p
o
w
er
in
a
v
ar
ia
tio
n
o
f
v
elo
cit
y
an
d
β
v
al
u
e.
MP
P
s
i
m
u
lated
r
es
u
lt
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
3
5
9
–
1
3
6
7
1364
f
o
r
ea
ch
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
ar
e
m
ar
k
ed
b
y
th
e
b
lo
c
k
s
i
n
T
a
b
le
3
.
Fo
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
s
,
MP
P
is
n
o
t
ac
h
iev
ed
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
β
n
o
r
at
t
h
e
lar
g
es
t
β.
T
h
e
in
f
l
u
en
ce
o
f
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
β
is
f
u
r
t
h
er
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
y
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
t
h
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
β,
f
as
ter
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
,
b
u
t
n
o
t
n
ec
ess
a
r
il
y
ac
cu
r
ate.
A
cc
u
r
ate
m
ea
n
s
clo
s
er
to
th
e
v
alu
e
of
th
e
MP
P
.
T
ab
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.