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o
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lect
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,
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201
8
,
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SS
N:
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694
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De
p
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ticle
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cc
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ted
Feb
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2
0
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8
DC
m
o
to
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d
riv
e
sy
ste
m
su
p
p
li
e
d
b
y
A
C/DC
re
c
ti
f
ier
to
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y
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o
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sid
e
re
d
a
s
a
n
o
n
li
n
e
a
r
lo
a
d
.
It
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
s
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
d
isto
rti
o
n
s
a
n
d
EM
I
n
o
ise
e
f
fe
c
ts
in
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
s.
In
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
d
e
a
ls
w
it
h
th
e
re
d
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c
ti
o
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p
p
ly
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n
t
h
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rm
o
n
ics
a
n
d
EM
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n
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ise
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e
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e
ra
ted
b
y
th
e
p
o
we
r
e
le
c
tro
n
ics
c
o
n
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rter i
n
th
e
DC
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
u
sin
g
F
F
T
a
n
a
l
y
sis.
T
h
e
sin
g
le
b
o
o
st
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o
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v
e
rter
a
lo
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g
w
it
h
EM
I
i
n
p
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ter
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ste
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v
e
stig
a
te
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h
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rm
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ic
re
d
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ti
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i
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th
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DC
m
o
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e
.
T
h
e
sin
g
le
b
o
o
st
c
o
n
v
e
rter
f
e
d
DC
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
is
m
o
d
e
led
a
n
d
sim
u
late
d
u
sin
g
M
A
TL
A
B/S
i
m
u
li
n
k
so
f
tw
a
r
e
.
T
h
e
sim
u
latio
n
re
su
lt
s sh
o
w
b
e
tt
e
r
a
g
re
e
m
e
n
t
w
it
h
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
sy
ste
m
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
DC
m
o
to
r
E
MI
in
p
u
t
f
ilter
Sin
g
le
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
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ter
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HD
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p
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t
©
201
8
In
s
t
it
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te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
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n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
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l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
A
.
S
iv
a
k
u
m
ar
,
Dep
ar
te
m
en
t
o
f
E
lectr
ical
an
d
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
,
P
an
i
m
alar
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
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o
lle
g
e,
Naz
ar
ath
p
et,
P
o
o
n
am
a
llee,
C
h
en
n
ai,
I
n
d
ia.
E
m
ail: a
r
u
n
s
iv
a7
5
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
ec
en
t
tr
en
d
s
,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
u
s
e
o
f
p
o
w
er
e
lectr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
ter
b
ased
lo
ad
s
lik
e
UP
S,
SMP
S,
r
ec
tif
ier
s
,
in
v
er
ter
s
,
m
o
to
r
d
r
i
v
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
etc.
,
in
m
an
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
d
u
e
to
d
eliv
er
th
e
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
m
ax
i
m
u
m
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
,
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
co
s
t
an
d
w
e
ig
h
t
i
n
an
i
n
teg
r
ated
cir
c
u
i
t.
T
h
ese
lo
ad
s
ar
e
ter
m
ed
as
a
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
an
d
ca
u
s
e
a
n
elec
tr
ical
n
o
i
s
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
i
n
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
b
y
i
n
j
ec
tin
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ics,
E
MI
n
o
is
e
s
v
o
lt
ag
e
d
is
to
r
tio
n
s
a
n
d
ass
o
ciate
d
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
is
s
u
es.
E
MI
n
o
is
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
p
o
w
er
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
is
a
s
er
io
u
s
p
r
o
b
lem
i
n
th
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
a
n
d
n
e
ig
h
b
o
r
in
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
d
u
e
to
th
e
co
n
d
u
cted
E
MI
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
.
E
MI
f
il
ter
s
ar
e
ess
e
n
tia
ll
y
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
elec
tr
ical
n
o
is
e
at
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
r
an
g
e
.
T
h
e
E
MC
d
esig
n
o
f
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
E
MI
n
o
i
s
e
an
a
l
y
s
is
a
n
d
i
ts
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
p
ath
s
.
Var
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
ar
ticle
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
r
ep
o
r
ted
o
n
th
e
E
MI
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
SMP
S
u
s
in
g
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
f
i
lter
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
an
d
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
.
T
h
e
p
ass
i
v
e
a
n
d
ac
tiv
e
E
MI
f
il
ter
s
ar
e
ad
o
p
ted
f
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
E
MI
n
o
i
s
e
le
v
els a
n
d
en
h
an
ce
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
f
a
cto
r
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
elin
g
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
g
i
v
e
s
a
s
u
i
tab
le
d
esig
n
f
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
th
e
f
i
n
al
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
es
b
ec
au
s
e
it
i
s
a
d
i
f
f
icu
lt
a
n
d
ti
m
e
-
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
E
MI
f
il
ter
s
ar
e
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
m
in
i
m
ize
th
e
u
n
d
esira
b
le
elec
tr
ical
n
o
is
es
o
r
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
in
p
o
wer
lin
es;
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lies
(
S
MP
S)
an
d
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
an
d
E
MI
n
o
is
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
h
as
r
ec
en
tl
y
b
e
en
attr
ac
ti
n
g
m
o
r
e
in
ter
est
to
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
s
w
it
h
s
u
i
tab
le
f
ilter
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es.
T
h
e
E
MI
f
ilt
er
s
ar
e
t
w
o
t
y
p
es
s
u
c
h
as
p
ass
i
v
e
a
n
d
ac
ti
v
e
f
ilter
s
.
T
h
e
s
er
ies
t
y
p
e
ac
ti
v
e
f
il
ter
is
i
n
s
talled
s
er
ie
s
w
it
h
th
e
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
s
o
r
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
lo
ad
s
an
d
w
o
r
k
s
a
s
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
.
T
h
e
E
MI
in
p
u
t
f
ilter
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
s
er
ies o
r
p
ar
allel
to
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
.
T
h
e
p
ass
iv
e
E
MI
f
ilter
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
E
MI
n
o
is
e
atte
n
u
a
tio
n
w
it
h
o
u
t
an
y
co
m
p
le
x
co
n
tr
o
l
cir
cu
it.
I
n
[
1
]
-
[
1
1
]
r
ep
o
r
ted
th
e
clo
s
ed
l
o
o
p
co
n
tr
o
lled
s
in
g
le
s
tag
e
P
FC
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
w
i
th
E
MI
f
il
ter
f
ed
a
r
esi
s
ti
v
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Ha
r
mo
n
ic
R
ed
u
ctio
n
i
n
S
in
g
le
B
o
o
s
t Co
n
ve
r
ter F
ed
DC
Mo
t
o
r
w
ith
E
MI
I
n
p
u
t F
ilter
(
A
.
S
iva
ku
ma
r
)
915
lo
ad
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
PI
c
o
n
tr
o
lled
s
in
g
le
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
f
ed
DC
m
o
to
r
w
i
th
in
p
u
t
E
MI
f
ilter
h
as b
ee
n
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
.
2.
E
M
I
SO
URCES
AN
D
F
I
L
T
E
RS
T
h
e
m
ai
n
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
E
MI
g
en
er
ated
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
d
u
e
to
p
o
w
er
elec
tr
o
n
ics
co
n
v
er
t
er
s
an
d
its
ass
o
ciate
d
lo
ad
s
i.e
.
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
u
cted
e
m
i
s
s
io
n
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
a)
Star
tin
g
w
it
h
A
C
/
DC
m
o
to
r
s
b)
Flu
o
r
esce
n
t b
u
lb
s
/ b
alla
s
ts
c)
L
i
g
h
t d
i
m
m
er
s
d)
Mic
r
o
w
a
v
e
o
v
en
s
e)
Mic
r
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
f)
C
o
m
p
u
ter
s
g)
S
w
itc
h
ed
m
o
d
e
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lie
s
(
SMP
S)
2
.
1
.
Nee
d f
o
r
E
M
I
I
np
ut
F
ilte
r
T
h
e
aim
o
f
t
h
e
E
MI
f
ilter
w
a
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
i
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
c
au
s
ed
eit
h
er
co
n
d
u
cted
o
r
r
ad
iated
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
w
er
cir
cu
it.
AC
to
DC
o
r
DC
to
A
C
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
cir
c
u
its
o
r
s
y
s
te
m
s
m
a
y
g
e
n
er
ate
m
o
r
e
elec
tr
ical
n
o
is
e
t
h
at
ca
n
n
o
t b
e
f
ilter
ed
o
u
t b
y
it
s
i
n
ter
n
al
f
i
lter
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
ith
E
MI
n
o
is
e
ca
n
b
e
r
eso
lv
ed
b
y
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ci
n
g
a
n
ad
d
itio
n
al
E
MI
f
ilter
o
n
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lies
a)
Su
p
p
r
ess
t
h
e
e
m
i
s
s
io
n
at
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
en
d
.
b)
P
r
o
v
id
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c)
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n
s
u
r
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ilter
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s
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all
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t
w
o
t
y
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es,
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ass
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a
n
d
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tiv
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il
ter
s
.
P
ass
iv
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R
,
L
an
d
C
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tr
o
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ic
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m
p
o
n
en
ts
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h
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n
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te
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e
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C
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h
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n
w
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ted
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cies
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e
g
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ter
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th
e
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o
r
m
a
l
s
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g
n
a
l
f
r
eq
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en
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ies.
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h
e
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MI
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ilter
w
o
r
k
s
b
y
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ti
v
el
y
b
lo
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g
o
r
s
h
u
n
ti
n
g
u
n
w
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ted
h
i
g
h
er
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r
eq
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en
cies.
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h
e
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
o
f
th
e
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MI
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lter
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s
u
s
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h
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lo
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en
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y
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n
d
b
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e
h
i
g
h
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r
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en
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y
.
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h
e
ca
p
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ito
r
in
th
e
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MI
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ilter
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u
s
ed
to
b
y
p
ass
o
r
s
h
u
n
t
u
n
w
a
n
ted
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
n
o
is
es.
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MI
f
ilter
ta
k
es
an
ac
ti
v
e
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ar
t
to
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ate
th
e
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n
d
esira
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le
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o
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i
n
t
h
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p
o
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er
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tr
o
n
i
c
d
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ice.
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h
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
e
d
v
ar
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u
s
f
i
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ar
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s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
1
.
a
to
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
1
.
a.
T
Fil
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Fig
u
r
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2
.
1
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b
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L
Fil
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Fig
u
r
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2
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1
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c.
π
Fil
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Fig
u
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2
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1
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d
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R
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Fil
ter
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o
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m
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ter
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ti
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h
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n
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g
s
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ased
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as
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et
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tr
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ate
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[
4
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6
]
.
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ar
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u
l
k
y
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s
ize
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d
r
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ir
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m
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ts
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h
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e
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ig
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f
ican
t
hi
gh
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en
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n
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ter
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g
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atic
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g
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3
.
1
.
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t
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n
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ter
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h
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t
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ter
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t
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t
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h
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ter
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all
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k
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o
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n
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ter
.
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lar
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s
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h
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t
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r
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c
to
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r
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en
t
ca
n
n
o
t
z
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s
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ta
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y
;
t
h
is
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u
r
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r
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ter
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Fig
u
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3
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1
.
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D
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off
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e
p
er
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d
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g
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Fig
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4.
SI
M
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h
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ter
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ed
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r
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ith
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t
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ter
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h
o
u
t
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t
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s
s
h
o
w
n
i
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Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
1
an
d
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c
o
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tr
o
lled
DC
m
o
to
r
w
i
th
i
n
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u
t
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MI
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ilter
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
4
.
2
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
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r
esp
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s
e
o
f
DC
m
o
to
r
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
3
an
d
th
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to
r
q
u
e
r
esp
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e
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f
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m
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s
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Fi
g
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r
e
4
.
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m
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o
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s
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le
b
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s
t c
o
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v
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ter
f
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to
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it
h
o
u
t E
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f
ilter
is
s
h
o
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i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
5
.
F
ig
u
r
e
4
.
1
.
Sim
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li
n
k
m
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el
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Si
n
g
le
b
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t c
o
n
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ter
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ed
D
C
m
o
to
r
w
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o
u
t E
MI
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il
ter
Fig
u
r
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4
.
2
.
Sim
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li
n
k
m
o
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el
o
f
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o
lled
Sin
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le
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
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ter
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o
to
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it
h
E
MI
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ilter
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
914
–
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91
8
ti
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s
Fig
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r
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4
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3
.
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ilter
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4
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