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2
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ev
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cc
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p
r
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se
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t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
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tro
l
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C)
sc
h
e
m
e
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h
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ste
m
is
k
n
o
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f
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led
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h
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jo
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t
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o
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rib
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in
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ize
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se
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u
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x
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n
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©
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6
In
s
t
it
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f
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N
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g
u
ch
i
[
1
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2
]
.
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w
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d
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ity
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l
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x
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OC
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ee
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ak
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f
s
tato
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r
esis
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ce
R
s
an
d
p
h
ase
cu
r
r
en
t)
[
1
,
4
]
.
Ov
er
th
e
p
ast
y
ea
r
s
,
th
e
u
tili
za
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ter
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[
6
]
.
T
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m
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d
V/d
t)
[
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
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b
er
2
0
1
6
:
638
-
6
4
7
639
I
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co
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[
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I
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er
to
th
e
s
ec
to
r
b
o
r
d
er
in
th
e
s
tato
r
f
l
u
x
p
la
n
e,
o
n
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
s
,
t
h
e
t
w
o
s
u
i
t
a
b
le
v
ec
to
r
s
b
ec
o
m
e
less
tan
g
e
n
tial
an
d
s
w
i
tch
m
o
r
e
o
f
ten
w
h
en
t
h
e
f
l
u
x
v
ec
t
o
r
tr
av
els
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
m
id
d
le
o
f
s
ec
to
r
s
.
So
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
(
o
r
f
l
u
x
s
w
it
ch
in
g
)
i
s
m
o
r
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
in
th
e
b
o
r
d
er
(
o
r
m
id
d
le)
o
f
t
h
e
s
ec
to
r
co
m
p
ar
e
to
t
h
e
m
id
d
le
(
o
r
b
o
r
d
er
)
o
f
th
e
s
ec
t
o
r
.
T
h
ese
p
h
en
o
m
en
a
m
aj
o
r
l
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
in
DT
C
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
co
n
s
ta
n
t
s
w
itc
h
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
ca
n
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
ir
r
eg
u
lar
s
w
it
ch
in
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
i
n
DT
C
[
3
,
4,
5
]
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
th
e
co
n
s
ta
n
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
to
r
q
u
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
C
FT
C
)
m
eth
o
d
w
a
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
[
3
]
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
to
r
q
u
e
r
ip
p
le
w
i
th
a
co
n
s
tan
t
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
t
w
o
tr
ian
g
u
lar
car
r
ier
w
a
v
es
w
er
e
in
j
ec
ted
at
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
er
r
o
r
n
o
d
e
an
d
th
en
t
w
o
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
s
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
to
r
q
u
e
s
tatu
s
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
th
i
s
m
eth
o
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
r
ip
p
le
b
u
t
s
till
h
as
lo
w
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
to
r
q
u
e
er
r
o
r
o
s
cillatio
n
.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
s
ta
to
r
f
lu
x
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
ller
in
w
h
ic
h
u
s
ed
to
r
eg
u
late
f
lu
x
a
r
o
u
n
d
its
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
alu
e.
T
h
is
er
r
o
r
is
less
s
ig
n
i
f
i
ca
n
t a
n
d
n
e
g
li
g
ib
le
i
f
th
e
P
I
p
ar
a
m
eter
is
ca
lc
u
lated
co
r
r
ec
tly
.
2.
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
AT
I
O
N
O
F
C
O
NST
AN
T
F
RE
Q
U
E
NC
Y
T
O
RQ
UE
CO
N
T
RO
L
L
E
R
(
CF
T
C)
I
N
2
-
L
E
VE
L
D
T
C
SYS
T
E
M
T
h
e
co
n
s
tan
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
to
r
q
u
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
C
FT
C
)
w
a
s
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
ted
in
2
-
le
v
el
DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
to
r
q
u
e
r
ip
p
le
w
h
i
le
m
a
in
ta
in
i
n
g
a
co
n
s
ta
n
t
s
w
i
tch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
DT
C
m
et
h
o
d
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
w
itch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
v
ar
ies
b
ased
o
n
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
h
y
s
ter
es
is
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
u
s
ed
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l
th
e
f
l
u
x
a
n
d
to
r
q
u
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
h
y
s
ter
e
s
is
b
ase
d
co
n
tr
o
ller
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
m
a
g
n
itu
d
e
o
f
to
r
q
u
e
(
o
r
f
l
u
x
)
w
it
h
in
th
e
p
r
ef
i
x
ed
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
(
er
r
o
r
to
ler
an
ce
)
.
T
h
e
r
ate
o
f
c
h
an
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
to
r
q
u
e
(
o
r
f
lu
x
)
i
s
d
ir
ec
tl
y
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
to
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
to
r
q
u
e
(
o
r
f
lu
x
)
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
al.
Hi
g
h
er
r
ate
o
f
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
th
eto
r
q
u
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
h
ig
h
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
to
r
q
u
e
er
r
o
r
s
tatu
s
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a.
I
t
th
ese
p
h
en
o
m
e
n
a
o
cc
u
r
w
h
e
n
th
e
f
lu
x
lo
cu
s
en
ter
s
an
d
lea
v
es
a
s
ec
to
r
o
f
d
-
q
p
lan
e
f
l
u
x
lo
c
u
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
3
-
p
h
ase
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
ac
h
in
e
h
as
t
h
e
to
tal
o
f
6
s
ec
to
r
s
w
it
h
3
0
o
an
g
le
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
ea
ch
s
ec
to
r
.
T
h
e
3
-
p
h
ase
co
n
v
en
t
io
n
a
l
DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
h
a
s
6
ac
ti
v
e
a
n
d
2
ze
r
o
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
s
(
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
)
.
Fo
r
th
e
d
ec
r
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
s
tatu
s
,
a
ze
r
o
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
w
ill
b
e
s
elec
ted
al
w
a
y
s
i
n
w
h
ic
h
th
e
r
ate
o
f
c
h
an
g
e
o
f
to
r
q
u
e
is
co
n
s
tan
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
ev
er
y
o
p
er
ati
n
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
.
B
u
t
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
cr
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
s
tat
u
s
,
t
h
er
e
w
i
ll
b
e
an
ac
ti
v
e
v
ec
to
r
s
elec
ted
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
m
o
s
t
tan
g
e
n
tial
v
ec
to
r
s
in
t
h
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
f
lu
x
lo
cu
s
i
n
w
h
i
ch
r
o
tate
i
n
cir
c
u
lar
m
o
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
i
t
ab
le
v
o
ltag
e
v
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r
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f
ec
t
ed
b
y
t
h
e
f
l
u
x
er
r
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r
s
ig
n
al
p
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ce
b
y
t
h
e
f
l
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ter
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tr
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alo
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Fig
u
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1
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B
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.
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I
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PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
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8
8
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I
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8
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IJ
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Vo
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4.
SI
M
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AT
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XP
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T
h
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et
h
o
d
h
ad
b
ee
n
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o
r
m
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
Ma
tlab
/Si
m
u
li
n
k
2
0
1
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
.
8
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
o
f
th
e
p
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ed
m
et
h
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d
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T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
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w
as
d
o
n
e
i
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u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
3
-
p
h
ase
i
n
d
u
ctio
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m
ac
h
in
e
m
o
d
el.
As
r
esu
l
t
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
th
e
C
FT
C
co
n
t
r
o
ller
w
a
s
ab
le
estab
lis
h
i
n
3
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lev
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DT
C
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
a
p
r
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p
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eg
u
latio
n
o
f
t
o
r
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u
e
alo
n
g
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
al
u
e.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
to
r
q
u
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er
r
o
r
s
tatu
s
w
as
co
n
s
tan
t
(
s
a
m
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
a
s
th
e
ca
r
r
ier
)
r
eg
ar
d
less
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
e
3
-
lev
el
C
FT
C
co
n
tr
o
ller
ab
le
to
g
e
n
er
ate
o
p
t
i
m
al
to
r
q
u
e
s
tat
u
s
s
ig
n
al
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
(
h
ig
h
,
m
ed
i
u
m
,
an
d
lo
w
s
p
ee
d
)
.
A
co
m
p
lete
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
s
et
-
u
p
h
a
s
b
ee
n
r
ea
lized
to
v
er
if
y
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
il
it
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
i
m
p
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m
e
n
t
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
s
et
-
u
p
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
DSP
A
C
E
1
1
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n
tr
o
ller
,
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
s
etu
p
o
f
3
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le
v
el
C
HM
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an
d
a
2
HP
,
t
w
o
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p
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in
d
u
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m
o
to
r
.
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h
e
T
ab
le
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s
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w
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t
h
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d
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ctio
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m
o
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ar
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eter
th
at
u
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ed
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o
r
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th
s
i
m
u
lat
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a
n
d
ex
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tal
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h
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co
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o
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ith
m
is
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m
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m
e
n
ted
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AC
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1
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w
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h
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
p
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2
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Fig
u
r
e
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s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ex
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m
en
ta
l
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r
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if
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t o
p
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atin
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it
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w
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ich
i
s
th
e
h
i
g
h
s
p
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d
an
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lo
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p
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d
.
(
a)
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b
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Fig
u
r
e
8
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
r
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lt
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m
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h
ig
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l
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th
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ated
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th
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en
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ated
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n
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r
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s
t
at
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is
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h
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t
o
r
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e
s
t
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s
d
em
an
d
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
b
y
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
l
le
r
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
mp
r
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-
Leve
l D
TC
o
f I
n
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Ma
ch
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e
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n
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h
o
w
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q
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ar
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t
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p
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v
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f
o
r
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w
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h
2
0
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tim
es
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o
m
f
ac
to
r
.
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h
e
to
r
q
u
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
(
T
e
)
r
eg
u
late
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n
g
t
h
e
t
o
r
q
u
e
r
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er
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ce
.
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t
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o
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le
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at
t
h
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g
r
ad
ien
t
f
o
r
b
o
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cr
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e
a
n
d
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ec
r
ea
s
e
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u
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n
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t
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g
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d
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atin
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n
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itio
n
.
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h
e
lo
w
er
g
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ad
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t
o
f
to
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e
s
lo
p
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is
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
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y
th
e
3
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le
v
el
C
HM
I
to
p
o
lo
g
y
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y
ch
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o
s
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n
g
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p
ti
m
a
l
v
o
ltag
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ec
to
r
m
a
g
n
i
tu
d
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
d
e
m
an
d
s
ta
tu
s
(
as
s
h
o
w
n
b
y
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
T
stat
)
.
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r
ex
a
m
p
le,
th
e
h
ig
h
er
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
e
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
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ch
o
s
en
f
o
r
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
o
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atio
n
(
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
b
)
)
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a
f
o
r
(
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
a)
)
.
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h
e
co
m
p
en
s
ate
d
s
ig
n
al
(
V
co
mp
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is
co
m
p
ar
e
with
tr
ia
n
g
u
lar
ca
r
r
ier
(
V
tri
)
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ap
p
r
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p
r
iate
to
r
q
u
e
d
e
m
an
d
s
ig
n
al
(
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stat
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.
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h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
3
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le
v
el
v
o
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e
v
ec
to
r
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
t
o
th
e
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
e
o
f
T
stat
.
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h
e
to
r
q
u
e
d
e
m
an
d
s
tat
u
s
(
T
stat
)
in
b
o
th
r
es
u
lt
s
clea
r
l
y
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
co
n
s
ta
n
t
in
f
r
eq
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e
n
c
y
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n
/o
f
f
p
er
io
d
)
r
eg
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d
less
to
t
h
e
m
a
g
n
i
tu
d
e
o
f
to
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u
e
s
tatu
s
.
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s
co
n
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s
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n
,
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
an
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
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lt
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o
f
p
r
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ed
m
et
h
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d
ab
le
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o
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ized
DT
C
p
er
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o
r
m
a
n
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y
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r
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d
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g
co
n
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t s
w
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tch
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g
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
h
as
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r
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ted
th
e
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m
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le
m
en
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o
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t
s
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h
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n
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m
et
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d
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co
n
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ti
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n
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th
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3
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lev
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DT
C
s
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te
m
.
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h
is
s
y
s
t
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m
h
a
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to
tal
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u
m
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er
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f
1
8
a
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d
2
ze
r
o
v
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s
.
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p
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ch
e
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e
w
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m
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d
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h
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n
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n
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s
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li
n
k
.
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p
r
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p
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ed
m
et
h
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d
w
a
s
also
test
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d
v
er
if
ied
its
f
ea
s
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ilit
y
u
s
in
g
a
co
m
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lete
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er
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u
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Min
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Me
lak
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f
o
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th
is
r
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RE
F
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R
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NC
E
S
[1
]
T
a
k
a
h
a
sh
i
a
n
d
T
.
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c
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Re
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Hig
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Eff
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S
trate
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a
n
In
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c
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M
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to
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In
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stry
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p
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T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
,
v
o
l.
IA
-
2
2
,
p
p
.
8
2
0
-
8
2
7
,
1
9
8
6
.
[2
]
T
.
No
g
u
c
h
i,
M
.
Ya
m
a
m
o
to
,
S
.
K
o
n
d
o
,
a
n
d
I.
T
a
k
a
h
a
sh
i,
"
En
larg
in
g
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
in
d
irec
t
to
rq
u
e
-
c
o
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tro
ll
e
d
in
v
e
rter b
y
m
e
a
n
s o
f
d
it
h
e
rin
g
,
"
I
n
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
,
v
o
l
.
3
5
,
p
p
.
1
3
5
8
-
1
3
6
6
,
1
9
9
9
.
[3
]
N.R.
N.
Id
ris
a
n
d
A
.
H.
M
.
Ya
ti
m
,
"
Dire
c
t
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
a
c
h
in
e
s
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it
h
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o
n
sta
n
t
sw
it
c
h
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g
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re
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
re
d
u
c
e
d
to
rq
u
e
rip
p
le,"
In
d
u
s
tri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
,
v
o
l.
5
1
,
p
p
.
7
5
8
-
7
6
7
,
2
0
0
4
.
[4
]
Jid
in
,
N.
I
d
ris,
N.
Ru
m
z
i,
M
.
Ya
ti
m
,
A
.
Ha
li
m
,
T
.
S
u
ti
k
n
o
,
a
n
d
M
.
El
b
u
lu
k
,
"
Ex
ten
d
i
n
g
sw
it
c
h
in
g
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
f
o
r
to
rq
u
e
rip
p
le
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
u
ti
l
izin
g
a
c
o
n
sta
n
t
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
to
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
in
d
tc
o
f
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
rs,"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
4
8
-
1
5
5
,
2
0
1
1
.
[5
]
M
.
S
a
n
i
la,
"
Dire
c
t
T
o
r
q
u
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r
wi
th
c
o
n
st
a
n
t
switc
h
in
g
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
"
i
n
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
Driv
e
s an
d
En
e
rg
y
S
y
ste
m
s (P
EDES
),
2
0
1
2
IE
EE
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
,
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
6.
[6
]
Z.
Yu
,
J.
Z
h
e
n
h
u
a
,
a
n
d
Y.
Xu
n
w
e
i,
"
In
d
irec
t
f
ield
-
o
rien
ted
c
o
n
t
ro
l
o
f
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
a
c
h
in
e
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
sy
n
e
rg
e
ti
c
c
o
n
tro
l
th
e
o
ry
,
"
in
Po
we
r
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
S
o
c
iety
Ge
n
e
ra
l
M
e
e
ti
n
g
-
Co
n
v
e
rs
io
n
a
n
d
De
li
v
e
ry
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
e
rg
y
in
th
e
2
1
st Cen
t
u
ry
,
2
0
0
8
IEE
E
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
7.
[7
]
Ca
sa
d
e
i,
D.,
S
e
rra
,
G
.
,
a
n
d
T
a
n
i,
A
.
An
a
lytica
l
in
v
e
stig
a
ti
o
n
o
f
to
r
q
u
e
a
n
d
fl
u
x
ri
p
p
le i
n
D
T
C
sc
h
e
m
e
s
fo
r
i
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
mo
to
rs
.
2
3
rd
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
In
d
u
strial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
Co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
I
n
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
1
9
9
7
.
IECON
9
7
.
1
9
9
7
.
[8
]
Ro
d
rig
u
e
z
,
J.;
Be
r
n
e
t,
S
.
;
S
teim
e
r,
P
.
K.;
L
iza
m
a
,
I.
E.
,
"
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
Ne
u
tral
-
P
o
i
n
t
-
Clam
p
e
d
In
v
e
rters
,
"
In
d
u
strial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
,
v
o
l
.
5
7
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
9
,
2
2
3
0
,
J
u
ly
2
0
1
0
[9
]
Ye
n
,
G
.
W
.
,
e
t
a
l.
(2
0
1
4
).
"
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
V
o
lt
a
g
e
V
e
c
t
o
r
t
o
Op
t
im
iz
e
Eff
icie
n
c
y
o
f
Dire
c
t
T
o
rq
u
e
Co
n
tr
o
l.
"
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
4
(4
)
:
5
7
8
.
[1
0
]
M
a
li
n
o
w
sk
i,
M
.
,
e
t
a
l.
,
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
Ca
sc
a
d
e
d
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
In
v
e
rters
.
In
d
u
strial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
2
0
1
0
.
5
7
(7
):
p
.
2
1
9
7
-
2
2
0
6
.
[1
1
]
Zu
b
e
r
,
M
.
Z.
R.
,
e
t
a
l.
(2
0
1
5
)
.
"
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
T
o
rq
u
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
in
Dire
c
t
T
o
rq
u
e
Co
n
tro
l
u
sin
g
Op
ti
m
a
l
S
w
it
c
h
in
g
V
e
c
to
rs."
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
5
(3
):
4
4
1
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
R.
S
u
n
d
r
a
m
w
a
s
b
o
rn
i
n
1
9
8
9
i
n
P
e
n
a
n
g
,
M
a
lay
sia
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
E
n
g
.
d
e
g
re
e
(Ho
n
s)
i
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
,
M
a
la
y
sia
in
2
0
1
2
a
n
d
n
o
w
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
i
n
g
th
e
M
.
S
c
d
e
g
re
e
in
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
.
His
a
re
a
s
o
f
re
s
e
a
rc
h
in
tere
st i
n
c
l
u
d
e
Dire
c
t
T
o
rq
u
e
C
o
n
tro
l
o
f
M
u
lt
i
P
h
a
se
S
y
ste
m
a
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2088
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
7
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.
3
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tem
b
er
2
0
1
6
:
638
-
6
4
7
647
Au
z
a
n
i
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id
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d
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M
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g
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n
d
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h
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d
e
g
re
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in
p
o
w
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tro
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ics
a
n
d
d
riv
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f
ro
m
Un
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e
k
n
o
lo
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i
M
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la
y
sia
,
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h
o
r
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h
ru
,
M
a
lay
sia
,
in
2
0
0
2
,
2
0
0
4
a
n
d
2
0
1
1
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
ly
.
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is
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u
rre
n
tl
y
a
L
e
c
tu
re
r
w
it
h
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
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e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
s,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
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tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
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T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
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a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
,
Du
rian
T
u
n
g
g
a
l,
M
a
la
y
sia
.
His
r
e
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
th
e
f
ield
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
,
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
s
y
ste
m
s,
f
ield
-
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
a
b
le g
a
te arra
y
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a
n
d
DS
P
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s.
To
le
S
u
ti
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n
o
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n
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p
e
rt
in
th
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f
ield
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
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lec
tro
n
ics
,
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d
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stri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
&
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f
o
rm
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ti
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s,
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b
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d
d
e
d
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m
s
a
n
d
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tri
c
Driv
e
s.
S
in
c
e
2
0
0
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h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
lec
tu
re
r
in
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
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rin
g
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t,
Un
iv
e
r
sitas
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h
m
a
d
Da
h
lan
(UA
D),
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
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is
a
n
A
ss
o
c
iate
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r
o
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e
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o
r
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t
th
e
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b
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v
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e
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y
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e
2
0
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8
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iv
e
d
h
is
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g
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a
n
d
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g
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d
e
g
re
e
in
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e
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tri
c
a
l
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g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
Dip
o
n
e
g
o
ro
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n
iv
e
rsity
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
a
n
d
G
a
d
jah
M
a
d
a
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
i
n
1
9
9
9
a
n
d
2
0
0
4
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
p
u
rsu
in
g
P
h
D
d
e
g
re
e
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(U
T
M
),
M
a
l
a
y
sia
.
He
is
a
n
Ed
it
o
r
-
in
-
C
h
ief
o
f
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
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g
,
a
n
d
a
lso
a
c
ts
a
s
a
n
E
d
it
o
r
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so
m
e
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tern
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ti
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n
a
l
j
o
u
r
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a
ls
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c
a
l
a
n
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c
o
m
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ter
e
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g
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e
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g
,
p
o
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lec
tro
n
ics
,
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
s
y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
F
P
GA
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s are
a
s.
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g
a
n
Ra
j
L
o
u
r
d
e
s
V
i
c
to
r
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j
wa
s
b
o
rn
in
1
9
8
8
i
n
S
e
lan
g
o
r
,
M
a
la
y
sia
.
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re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
En
g
.
d
e
g
re
e
(Ho
n
s)
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
lak
a
,
M
a
la
y
sia
in
2
0
1
2
,
w
h
e
re
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
in
g
th
e
M
.
S
c
d
e
g
re
e
.
His
a
r
e
a
s
o
f
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
in
c
lu
d
e
v
e
c
to
r
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
a
c
m
a
c
h
in
e
s an
d
p
o
w
e
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.