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r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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C
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ased
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ated
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ar
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ig
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d
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r
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.
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a
r
m
o
n
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cs
in
t
h
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m
o
d
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l
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o
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t
p
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t
Fig
u
r
e
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.
L
C
L
f
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ter
F
ig
u
r
e
10
.
F
i
lt
e
r
e
d
o
u
t
p
u
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
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2
,
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n
e
2
0
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7
:
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–
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0
3
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4.
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Q
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g
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[
1
1
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p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
u
r
ce
as
d
esire
.
I
n
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
eq
u
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
h
ar
in
g
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
.
T
h
e
s
w
i
tch
in
g
s
ch
e
m
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
eq
u
a
l
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
c
es
s
h
ar
i
n
g
i
s
lis
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
4
an
d
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
o
u
tp
u
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
1
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
le
v
el
ar
e
also
m
a
r
k
ed
alo
n
g
t
h
e
s
tep
s
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
11.
T
a
b
l
e
4
.
Sw
i
t
ch
in
g
M
e
ch
an
i
s
m
f
o
r
e
q
u
a
l
v
o
l
t
ag
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
h
a
r
in
g
T
i
me
P
o
si
t
i
v
e
H
a
l
f
C
y
c
l
e
N
e
g
a
t
i
v
e
H
a
l
f
C
y
c
l
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
V1
V
1
+
V
2
V
1
+
V
2
+
V
3
V
1
+
V
2
+
V
3
+
V
4
V1
V
1
+
V
2
V
1
+
V
2
+
V
3
V
1
+
V
2
+
V
3
+
V
4
B
r
i
d
g
e
A
S
a
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
S
a
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
B
r
i
d
g
e
B
S
b
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
S
b
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
B
r
i
d
g
e
C
S
c
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
S
c
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
B
r
i
d
g
e
D
S
d
1
0
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0
1
1
1
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1
S
d
4
1
1
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I
n
v
e
r
-
si
o
n
B
r
i
d
g
e
S
p
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
S
p
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
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S
p
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
S
p
4
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
F
ig
u
r
e
1
1
.
O
u
t
p
u
t
w
ith
e
q
u
a
l
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
h
a
r
in
g
5.
I
NDUC
T
I
V
E
L
O
A
D
T
E
S
T
I
NG
T
h
e
m
o
d
if
ied
to
p
o
lo
g
y
i
s
tes
ted
f
o
r
in
d
u
cti
v
e
lo
ad
s
as
w
e
ll.
I
n
d
u
cti
v
e
lo
ad
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
b
ac
k
e.
m
.
f
.
w
h
ic
h
in
s
er
ts
s
tr
ess
o
n
s
w
i
tch
es
w
h
e
n
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
p
ath
f
o
r
r
ev
er
s
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
T
h
e
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
in
v
er
ter
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
th
e
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
w
h
ic
h
is
1
2
.
9
8
%
in
t
h
e
ca
s
e
o
f
9
lev
el
o
u
tp
u
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
r
ed
u
ce
s
s
tr
ess
o
n
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
w
in
d
i
n
g
an
d
also
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
v
ib
r
atio
n
a
n
d
au
d
ib
l
e
n
o
is
e
o
f
m
o
to
r
.
I
t
also
in
cr
ea
s
e
s
th
e
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
an
d
lif
e
o
f
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
v
er
ter
is
te
s
ted
f
o
r
i
n
d
u
ctiv
e
lo
ad
u
s
i
n
g
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
an
d
t
h
e
r
esu
l
t o
f
s
i
m
u
latio
n
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
12
.
6.
CO
ST
E
F
F
E
C
T
I
V
E
T
O
P
O
L
O
G
Y
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
w
e
h
a
v
e
co
m
p
u
ted
th
e
co
s
t
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
ess
o
f
o
u
r
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
.
W
e
h
av
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
b
en
ef
it
o
f
o
u
r
to
p
o
lo
g
y
s
tar
t
s
w
h
e
n
th
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
l
ev
els
e
x
ce
ed
f
iv
e.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
itc
h
es
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
o
u
r
an
d
clas
s
ical
ca
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
is
c
o
m
p
u
ted
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
1
to
4
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
is
tab
u
lated
in
T
ab
le
5
ag
ain
s
t
v
ar
io
u
s
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
lev
el
s
.
Fro
m
th
e
T
ab
le
5
it
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
r
ed
u
ctio
n
i
n
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
w
itc
h
es
s
tar
ts
af
t
er
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
le
v
el
s
ar
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
f
r
o
m
5
le
v
el
s
.
Fo
r
m
o
r
e
elab
o
r
atio
n
w
e
h
a
v
e
also
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
o
u
r
r
esu
l
ts
as
a
g
r
ap
h
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
3
.
B
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
s
w
itc
h
es
its
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
cir
cu
it
s
s
u
c
h
as
d
r
iv
er
s
ar
e
also
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
n
u
m
b
er
as
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
,
w
h
ic
h
f
u
r
t
h
er
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
co
s
t o
f
i
n
v
er
ter
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
co
s
t r
ed
u
c
tio
n
,
th
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
is
also
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
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SS
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ter w
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F
ig
u
r
e
1
2
.
I
n
d
u
c
t
iv
e
l
o
a
d
t
es
t
in
g
r
es
u
l
ts
T
a
b
l
e
5
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
C
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
f
o
r
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l
ass
i
c
al
an
d
Pr
o
p
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s
e
d
Mu
l
ti
l
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e
l
I
n
v
e
r
te
r
.
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
l
e
v
e
l
s
C
l
a
ssi
c
a
l
C
a
sca
d
e
d
H
-
B
r
i
d
g
e
T
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
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a
s
c
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d
e
d
H
-
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r
i
d
g
e
T
o
p
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o
g
y
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u
mb
e
r
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f
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r
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n
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r
s
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u
mb
e
r
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f
d
r
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t
r
a
n
s
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r
s
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u
mb
e
r
o
f
d
r
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v
e
r
s
5
8
8
8
8
7
12
12
10
10
9
16
16
12
12
11
20
20
14
14
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
N
2n
-
2
2n
-
2
n
+
3
n
+
3
F
ig
u
r
e
1
3
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
th
e
Sw
it
c
h
e
s
i
n
C
H
B
a
n
d
Pr
o
p
o
s
ed
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
7.
H
ARDWA
R
E
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
AT
I
O
N
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
v
alid
ate
o
u
r
d
esig
n
w
e
h
a
v
e
also
te
s
ted
it
b
y
b
u
il
d
in
g
a
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
w
it
h
a
s
w
itc
h
in
g
p
att
er
n
g
i
v
en
i
n
T
ab
le
3
an
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
n
i
n
e
lev
el
s
o
b
tain
ed
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
.
T
h
e
d
etails
o
f
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
ar
e:
I
t
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
f
o
u
r
H
-
b
r
id
g
es,
ea
c
h
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
o
f
t
w
o
I
GB
T
s
,
t
w
o
p
o
w
er
d
io
d
es
an
d
ea
ch
I
GB
T
h
as
its
d
r
iv
er
alo
n
g
w
it
h
th
e
es
s
en
tia
l
p
er
ip
h
er
al
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
test
ed
to
g
e
n
er
ate
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
2
2
0
V
R
MS.
T
h
e
g
en
er
ated
o
u
tp
u
t
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
i
n
g
o
s
cillo
s
co
p
e
an
d
af
ter
s
ca
li
n
g
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
5
f
o
r
r
esis
ti
v
e
lo
ad
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
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8
8
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n
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0
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F
ig
u
r
e
1
4
.
Pr
o
t
o
ty
p
e
o
f
th
e
D
es
ig
n
e
d
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
F
ig
u
re
1
5
.
O
u
t
p
u
t
W
av
ef
o
r
m
o
f
Pr
o
t
o
ty
p
e
8.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
NS
Mu
ltil
e
v
el
in
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
p
r
ef
e
r
r
ed
d
u
e
to
th
eir
h
i
g
h
q
u
al
it
y
o
u
tp
u
t
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
r
eso
l
u
tio
n
,
lo
w
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
a
n
d
r
ed
u
c
ed
f
ilter
s
ize
f
o
r
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
p
u
r
e
s
in
e
w
a
v
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
C
a
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
is
k
n
o
w
n
to
b
e
t
h
e
b
est
a
m
o
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
t
h
e
ea
r
l
y
y
ea
r
s
o
f
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
i
n
v
er
ter
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
itc
h
es
r
eq
u
ir
es
h
as
b
ee
n
a
m
aj
o
r
p
r
o
b
lem
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
th
e
C
ascad
ed
H
-
B
r
id
g
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
No
r
e
m
ar
k
ab
le
w
o
r
k
w
a
s
d
o
n
e
i
n
o
r
d
e
r
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
itc
h
es
in
th
e
ca
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
m
a
n
y
y
ea
r
s
,
o
n
l
y
r
ec
en
tl
y
in
ter
e
s
t
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
th
is
ar
ea
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
e
w
to
p
o
lo
g
y
w
h
ic
h
h
as
a
b
a
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ic
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[1
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ra
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.
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.
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.
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ra
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.
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.
,
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In
d
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,
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0
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,
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)
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.
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8
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39
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]
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a
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u
ro
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a
riu
sz
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a
li
n
o
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sk
i,
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o
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k
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se
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ra
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,
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se
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.
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re
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n
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se
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o
n
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u
lt
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Co
n
v
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T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
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tro
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ics
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l.
5
7
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o
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u
g
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st.
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[
3
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n
a
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m
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r
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u
p
ta,
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h
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il
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d
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in
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in
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we
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0
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-
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[4
]
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z
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tef
fe
n
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rn
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tm
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r
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g
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k
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m
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li
li
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sig
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ted
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-
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g
e
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lt
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E
T
ra
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s.
I
n
d
.
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p
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li
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ti
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s
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l.
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3
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n
o
.
4
,
Ju
ly
/A
u
g
u
st
2007
[5
]
Ra
m
u
lu
,
A
.
;
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ra
k
a
sh
,
J.
;
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e
k
sh
a
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n
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
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n
d
si
m
u
latio
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o
f
f
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n
d
se
v
e
n
le
v
e
l
sin
g
le
p
h
a
se
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rters
”
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h
ird
In
ter
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a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
u
st
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i
n
a
b
le
En
e
rg
y
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n
d
In
telli
g
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t
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ste
m
(s
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isc
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n
2
0
1
2
),
V
CT
W
,
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g
o
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e
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T
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n
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d
u
,
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d
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n
2
7
-
2
9
De
c
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m
b
e
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2
0
1
2
.
[6
]
A
li
I.
M
a
s
w
o
o
d
,
Oo
i
H.
P
.
G
a
b
ri
e
l,
Essa
m
A
l
Am
m
a
r
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
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u
n
d
e
r
u
n
b
a
lan
c
e
d
v
o
lt
a
g
e
in
a
sin
g
le DC l
in
k
”
Po
w
e
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
IET
(
Vo
lu
me
:6
,
Iss
u
e
:
8
)
[7
]
M
o
sta
f
a
Kh
a
z
ra
e
i,
Ho
ss
e
in
S
e
p
a
h
v
a
n
d
,
Ke
it
h
A
.
Co
rz
in
e
,
a
n
d
M
e
h
d
i
F
e
rd
o
w
si
“
Ac
ti
v
e
Ca
p
a
c
it
o
r
Vo
lt
a
g
e
Ba
lan
c
in
g
in
S
in
g
le
-
P
h
a
se
F
ly
in
g
-
Ca
p
a
c
it
o
r
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
P
o
w
e
r
C
o
n
v
e
rters
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
5
9
,
NO
.
2
,
F
EBRUA
RY 2
0
1
2
[8
]
T
h
o
m
a
s
Brü
c
k
n
e
r,
S
teff
e
n
Be
rn
e
t,
a
n
d
H
e
n
ry
G
ü
ld
n
e
r,
”
T
h
e
a
c
ti
v
e
NP
C
c
o
n
v
e
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a
n
d
it
s
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o
ss
-
b
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lan
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in
g
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o
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tr
o
l”
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E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l
.
5
2
,
NO
.
3
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
0
5
[9
]
S
u
rin
Kh
o
m
f
o
it
,
L
e
o
n
M
.
T
o
l
b
e
rt
“
F
a
u
lt
De
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Re
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
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n
T
e
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h
n
i
q
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e
f
o
r
Ca
sc
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d
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-
b
rid
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1
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lev
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v
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Driv
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e
ra
ti
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g
u
n
d
e
r
F
a
u
lt
y
Co
n
d
it
i
o
n
”
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o
we
r
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tro
n
ics
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n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
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0
0
7
.
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'
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7
.
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h
In
ter
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t
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l
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o
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fer
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n
c
e
.
[1
0
]
A
.
R.
Be
i
g
A
.
De
k
k
a
“
E
x
p
e
rime
n
tal
v
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ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
o
f
m
u
lt
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l
in
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b
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se
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sta
n
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a
lo
n
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o
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ly
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v
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g
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a
n
d
lo
w
-
p
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w
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r
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
IET
(Vo
l
u
m
e
:5
,
Iss
u
e
:
6
)
[1
1
]
G
u
p
ta,
K.K.
;
Ja
in
,
S
.
“
C
o
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
re
v
ie
w
o
f
a
re
c
e
n
tl
y
p
ro
p
o
se
d
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
li
n
v
e
rter”
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IET
Vo
lu
me
:
7
,
Iss
u
e
:
3
[1
2
]
F
a
rid
Kh
o
u
c
h
a
,
M
o
u
n
a
S
o
u
m
ia
Lag
o
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n
,
A
b
d
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laz
iz
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e
lo
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i,
a
n
d
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
El
Ha
c
h
e
m
i
Be
n
b
o
u
z
i
d
“
A
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
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y
m
m
e
tri
c
a
l
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n
d
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m
e
tri
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l
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se
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-
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o
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C
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d
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c
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M
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Driv
e
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IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
o
n
En
e
rg
y
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o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
,
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o
l.
2
6
,
NO
.
1
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
1
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C
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s
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ltil
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el
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ve
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ter w
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d
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u
mb
er o
f
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Til
a
Mu
h
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mma
d
)
803
[1
3
]
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.
S
.
S
iv
a
g
a
m
a
su
n
d
a
ri,
Dr.
P
.
M
e
l
b
a
M
a
ry
,
N.K.Ja
w
a
h
a
r
M
u
th
u
“
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o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
T
HD
in
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y
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m
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tri
c
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l
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n
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e
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L
e
v
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l
In
v
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I
J
A
R
E
E
I
E
Vo
l.
3
,
Iss
u
e
3
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
4
[1
4
]
Jo
sé
Ro
d
ríg
u
e
z
,
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h
-
S
h
e
n
g
L
a
i
,
a
n
d
F
a
n
g
Zh
e
n
g
P
e
n
g
,
“
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
In
v
e
rters
:
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
f
T
o
p
o
lo
g
i
e
s,
Co
n
tr
o
ls,
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
In
d
.
E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
4
9
,
NO
.
4
,
A
UG
U
S
T
2
0
0
2
[1
5
]
M
.
Ch
it
h
ra
,
S
.
G
.
Bh
a
ra
th
i
Da
sa
n
“
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
c
a
s
c
a
d
e
d
H
b
rid
g
e
m
u
lt
il
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v
e
l
in
v
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w
it
h
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
a
rra
y
s
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
ICE
T
ECT
2
0
1
1
.
[1
6
]
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a
rid
Kh
o
u
c
h
a
,
S
o
u
m
ia
M
o
u
n
a
L
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g
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u
n
,
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o
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d
ir
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a
r
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u
a
n
i,
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b
d
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iz
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e
lo
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n
d
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
El
Ha
c
h
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m
i
Be
n
b
o
u
z
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“
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b
rid
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sc
a
d
e
d
H
-
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g
e
M
u
lt
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e
v
e
l
-
In
v
e
rter
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
-
M
o
t
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r
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Driv
e
Dire
c
t
T
o
rq
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e
Co
n
tro
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f
o
r
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u
to
m
o
ti
v
e
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
5
7
,
NO
.
3
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
0
[1
7
]
Eb
ra
h
im
Ba
b
a
e
i
“
A
Ca
sc
a
d
e
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
Co
n
v
e
rter
T
o
p
o
lo
g
y
w
i
th
Re
d
u
c
e
d
Nu
m
b
e
r
o
f
S
w
it
c
h
e
s”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
Vo
l.
2
3
,
No
.
6
,
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
0
8
.
[1
8
]
Ja
v
a
d
El
b
ra
h
im
i,
Eb
ra
h
im
Ba
b
a
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[2
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L
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.
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[2
3
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Ka
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lan
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,
A
.
E.
W
.
H.,
L
.
Ha
ss
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in
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a
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.
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.
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L
CL
f
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ter d
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sig
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lt
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ic g
rid
c
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sy
st
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m
s."
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