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Fro
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[
2
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.
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s
v
er
y
d
i
f
f
ic
u
lt
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
a
v
er
y
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
l
(
F
L
C
)
,
w
h
ic
h
d
o
es
n
o
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
p
r
ec
is
e
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el
o
r
co
m
p
lex
ca
lc
u
lati
o
n
[
10
].
T
h
e
f
u
zz
y
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
b
ased
p
r
im
ar
il
y
o
n
h
u
m
a
n
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
o
n
q
u
alitativ
e
r
u
le
s
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
is
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
f
u
zz
y
v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
f
o
r
a
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
I
n
s
ec
tio
n
2
,
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
a
y
m
o
d
el
i
s
p
r
esen
ted
.
Sectio
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
th
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
h
as b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lts
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
Fin
all
y
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
is
g
iv
e
n
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
2.
P
H
O
T
O
VO
L
T
A
I
C
ARR
AY
M
O
DE
L
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
is
th
e
f
ield
o
f
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
an
d
r
esear
ch
r
elate
d
to
th
e
d
ev
ices
w
h
ic
h
d
ir
ec
tl
y
co
n
v
er
t
s
u
n
li
g
h
t
i
n
to
elec
tr
ic
it
y
u
s
i
n
g
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
th
a
t
e
x
h
ib
it
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
e
f
f
ec
t.
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ce
lls
co
n
v
er
t
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
d
ir
ec
tl
y
in
to
DC
elec
tr
ical
e
n
er
g
y
[
11
]
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
an
e
l
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
m
an
y
ce
lls
,
p
lace
d
in
s
er
ies
N
s
o
r
in
s
h
u
n
t
N
sh
.
W
h
er
e
it
ca
n
b
e
m
o
d
ell
ed
b
y
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
in
p
ar
allel
w
it
h
d
io
d
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
w
it
h
s
h
u
n
t a
n
d
s
er
ies r
esis
to
r
n
o
ted
b
y
an
d
as illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
[
12
]
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t i
s
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
:
(
1
)
*
(
)
+
(
2
)
:
P
h
o
to
-
cu
r
r
en
t
:
I
d
ea
l
ity
f
ac
t
o
r
:
B
o
ltzm
an
n
’
s
co
n
s
t
an
t
: Cel
l t
em
p
er
atu
r
e
: D
i
o
d
e
cu
r
r
en
t
Se
r
ies
r
esis
tan
c
e
: Sa
tu
r
a
ti
o
n
cu
r
r
en
t
: E
lec
tr
o
n
i
c
ch
ar
g
e
: Sh
u
n
t
r
esis
tan
c
e
: Cel
l v
o
lt
ag
e
:
C
ell
cu
r
r
en
t
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
ay
ci
r
cu
it
T
y
p
icall
y
,
th
e
s
h
u
n
t
r
esi
s
ta
n
c
e
(
)
is
v
er
y
lar
g
e
an
d
t
h
e
s
er
ies
r
esis
tan
ce
(
)
is
v
er
y
s
m
al
l
[
13
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
is
co
m
m
o
n
to
n
eg
lect
th
e
s
e
r
esis
ta
n
ce
s
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
s
im
p
li
f
y
t
h
e
s
o
lar
ce
ll
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltan
t
id
ea
l v
o
ltag
e
-
c
u
r
r
en
t c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ce
l
l is g
iv
en
b
y
eq
u
atio
n
(
3
)
.
[
(
)
]
(
3
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
6
:
1
2
8
3
–
1
2
9
3
1285
Fig
u
r
e
2
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
m
o
d
u
le
s
i
m
u
latio
n
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
to
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
v
ar
iatio
n
a
n
d
at
a
co
n
s
ta
n
t te
m
p
er
atu
r
e.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
–
V
cu
r
v
es o
f
s
o
lar
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
ed
i
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
u
n
d
e
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t so
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
c
e
an
d
co
n
s
ta
n
t
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
2
5
°C
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
P
–
V
cu
r
v
es o
f
s
o
lar
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
ed
i
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
e
n
t so
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
c
e
an
d
co
n
s
ta
n
t
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
2
5
°C
As
w
e
ca
n
s
ee
i
n
t
h
e
cu
r
v
e
o
f
t
h
e
F
i
g
u
r
e
ab
o
v
e
(
F
i
g
u
r
e
2
)
,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
in
cr
ea
s
e
is
h
ig
h
l
y
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
.
3.
DC
-
DC/S
E
P
I
C
CO
NV
E
R
T
E
R
A
D
C
-
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
w
it
h
s
i
m
p
ler
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
an
d
h
ig
h
er
e
f
f
ic
i
en
c
y
h
a
s
b
ee
n
a
n
ac
ti
v
e
r
esear
ch
to
p
ic
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
elec
tr
o
n
ic
s
[
14
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
is
b
ased
o
n
DC
to
DC
co
n
v
er
te
r
to
m
a
in
tai
n
t
h
e
co
n
s
ta
n
t
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
[
1
]
.
Si
n
g
le
E
n
d
ed
P
r
im
ar
y
I
n
d
u
c
to
r
C
o
n
v
er
t
er
(
SEP
I
C
)
co
n
v
er
ter
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
s
w
i
tch
S
w
it
h
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
,
a
d
io
d
e,
tw
o
in
d
u
cto
r
s
L
1
a
n
d
L
2
,
t
w
o
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
s
C
1
an
d
C
2
an
d
a
lo
ad
r
esis
to
r
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
a
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
4.
A
SEP
I
C
i
s
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
D
C
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
[
1
5
]
;
allo
w
in
g
th
e
e
lectr
ical
p
o
ten
tial
(
v
o
lta
g
e)
at
its
o
u
tp
u
t
to
b
e
less
t
h
a
n
,
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
a
n
,
o
r
eq
u
al
to
th
at
at
it
s
i
n
p
u
t;
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
SEP
I
C
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
t
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
tr
a
n
s
i
s
to
r
.
SEP
I
C
is
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
a
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
a
b
u
ck
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
,
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
i
t
i
s
li
k
e
to
a
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
b
u
ck
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
,
o
t
h
er
t
h
a
n
h
as
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
o
f
h
a
v
in
g
n
o
n
-
i
n
v
er
ted
o
u
tp
u
t
(
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
h
as
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
v
o
lta
g
e
p
o
l
ar
it
y
a
s
t
h
e
in
p
u
t)
,
p
ass
i
n
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
s
er
ies
ca
p
ac
ito
r
to
co
u
p
le
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
to
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
(
an
d
th
u
s
ca
n
r
esp
o
n
d
m
o
r
e
g
r
ac
ef
u
ll
y
to
a
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it
o
u
tp
u
t)
,
an
d
b
ein
g
ab
le
o
f
f
ac
tu
al
s
h
u
t
d
o
w
n
:
a
f
ter
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
“S”
i
s
tu
r
n
ed
o
f
f
,
its
o
u
tp
u
t
d
r
o
p
s
t
o
0
V,
f
o
llo
w
in
g
a
r
ath
er
h
e
f
t
y
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
ab
a
n
d
o
n
o
f
ch
ar
g
e
[
16
].
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
a
s
i
m
p
le
cir
cu
i
t
d
i
ag
r
am
o
f
a
SEP
I
C
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
ca
n
b
o
th
s
te
p
u
p
an
d
s
t
ep
d
o
w
n
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
w
h
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
p
o
l
ar
ity
an
d
th
e
s
am
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
r
ef
e
r
en
c
e
f
o
r
th
e
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
t
p
u
t.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Si
m
p
le
c
ir
cu
i
t d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
1000
W/m
2
9
00
W/m
2
8
00
W/m
2
7
00
W/m
2
10
00
W/m
2
9
00
W/m
2
8
00
W/m
2
7
00
W/m
2
S
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
P
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
S
ystem
w
ith
S
E
P
I
C
C
o
n
ve
r
ter
C
o
n
tr
o
l
led
b
y
th
e
F
u
z
z
y
Lo
g
ic
(
Mer
ye
m
Ou
d
d
a
)
1286
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
cir
cu
it
w
h
en
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
w
itch
is
tu
r
n
e
d
o
n
an
d
o
f
f
(
r
es
p
e
ctiv
ely
in
F
ig
u
r
es
a
an
d
b
).
Fig
u
r
e
5
a
W
h
en
th
e
s
w
itch
is
tu
r
n
e
d
o
n
;
th
e
f
ir
s
t
in
d
u
ct
o
r
;
is
ch
a
r
g
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
d
u
r
in
g
th
is
tim
e.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
in
d
u
ct
o
r
tak
es
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
i
r
s
t
ca
p
a
cit
o
r
,
a
n
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
is
lef
t
t
o
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
th
e
lo
a
d
cu
r
r
en
t.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
a
.
On
s
t
ate
(
s
w
itch
is
o
n
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
b
.
Of
f
s
t
ate
(
s
w
itch
is
o
f
f
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
E
q
u
iv
al
en
t
cir
cu
it
d
i
ag
r
am
o
f
th
e
SE
PIC
co
n
v
e
r
t
er
w
h
en
th
e
s
w
itch
is
O
N
an
d
OF
F
W
h
en
th
e
s
w
itch
is
tu
r
n
e
d
o
n
,
th
e
in
p
u
t
in
d
u
c
to
r
is
ch
a
r
g
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
,
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
in
d
u
ct
o
r
is
ch
ar
g
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
.
N
o
en
e
r
g
y
is
s
u
p
p
lie
d
to
th
e
lo
ad
ca
p
a
cit
o
r
d
u
r
in
g
th
is
tim
e.
I
n
d
u
ct
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
c
a
p
ac
it
o
r
v
o
lt
ag
e
p
o
la
r
it
ies
ar
e
m
a
r
k
ed
in
th
is
F
ig
u
r
e.
W
h
en
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
w
it
ch
is
tu
r
n
e
d
o
f
f
,
th
e
en
er
g
y
s
t
o
r
ed
in
in
d
u
ct
o
r
is
t
r
an
s
f
er
r
e
d
t
o
.
T
h
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
to
r
e
d
in
is
t
r
an
s
f
e
r
r
e
d
to
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
d
i
o
d
e
an
d
s
u
p
p
ly
in
g
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
to
l
o
ad
[
9
]
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
b
.
T
h
e
s
e
co
n
d
in
d
u
ct
o
r
is
als
o
co
n
n
e
cte
d
t
o
th
e
lo
a
d
d
u
r
in
g
th
is
tim
e.
T
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
ca
p
ac
i
to
r
s
e
es
a
p
u
ls
e
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
o
f
f
tim
e,
m
ak
in
g
it
in
h
er
en
t
ly
n
o
is
ie
r
th
an
a
b
u
ck
c
o
n
v
e
r
te
r
.
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t
th
at
th
e
SE
PIC
co
n
v
er
te
r
s
in
c
r
ea
s
e
o
r
d
e
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
d
e
p
en
d
s
p
r
im
ar
ily
o
n
th
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle
an
d
th
e
p
ar
asit
i
c
el
em
en
ts
in
th
e
cir
cu
it
.
T
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
o
f
an
i
d
ea
l
SE
PIC
co
n
v
e
r
te
r
is
:
(
4
)
A
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
is
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
t
h
e
elec
tr
icit
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
i
s
co
n
v
er
ter
eith
er
in
cr
ea
s
es
o
r
d
ec
r
ea
s
es th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
ltag
e
at
t
h
e
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
o
p
er
ates in
b
u
ck
m
o
d
e.
4.
T
H
E
F
U
Z
Z
Y
L
O
G
I
C
CO
N
T
RO
L
L
E
R
F
O
R
T
H
E
S
E
P
I
C
CO
NVER
T
E
R
I
n
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
F
L
C
)
d
esig
n
,
o
n
e
s
h
o
u
ld
id
e
n
ti
f
y
t
h
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
o
l
v
ar
iab
les
an
d
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
s
et
s
th
at
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
v
al
u
es
o
f
ea
c
h
lin
g
u
is
tic
v
ar
iab
l
e.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
v
ar
iab
les
o
f
t
h
e
FLC
ar
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
er
r
o
r
(
)
an
d
th
e
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
is
er
r
o
r
(
)
o
f
th
e
SE
PIC
co
n
v
e
r
t
er
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
FLC
i
s
th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
o
f
(
)
o
f
th
e
PW
M
s
ig
n
a
l,
w
h
ic
h
r
eg
u
lates
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
e
tr
ian
g
u
lar
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
F
L
C
f
o
r
ea
s
ier
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
.
A
f
i
v
e
-
ter
m
f
u
zz
y
s
et,
i.e
.
,
n
e
g
ati
v
e
b
ig
(
NB
)
,
n
e
g
ati
v
e
s
m
al
l
(
NS)
,
ze
r
o
(
Z
)
,
P
o
s
itiv
e
s
m
all
(
P
S),
an
d
p
o
s
it
iv
e
b
ig
(
P
B
)
,
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
to
d
escr
i
b
e
ea
ch
li
n
g
u
is
ti
c
v
ar
iab
le.
T
h
e
f
u
zz
y
r
u
les
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SEP
I
C
DC
-
DC
c
o
n
v
er
ter
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
i
n
a
s
y
m
m
e
tr
ic
f
o
r
m
(
tab
le
1
)
.
Fo
r
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
ar
i
ab
le
(
)
,
f
iv
e
-
ter
m
f
u
zz
y
is
d
e
f
in
ed
to
g
iv
e
s
h
ar
p
n
e
s
s
to
t
h
e
r
eg
u
la
tio
n
:
n
e
g
ati
v
e
b
ig
(
NB
)
,
n
eg
a
tiv
e
s
m
all
(
N
S),
ze
r
o
(
Z
)
,
P
o
s
itiv
e
s
m
al
l
(
P
S)
an
d
p
o
s
iti
v
e
b
ig
(
P
B
)
.
T
h
e
v
a
r
ia
b
l
es
o
f
th
e
FL
C
f
o
r
th
e
SE
PIC
c
o
n
v
er
t
e
r
ar
e
as
f
o
l
lo
w
:
T
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
in
p
u
t
is
th
e
e
r
r
o
r
in
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t v
o
lt
ag
e
(
)
)
)
(
5
)
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
in
p
u
t
is
th
e
v
a
r
i
ati
o
n
(
th
e
ch
an
g
e
)
in
er
r
o
r
(
)
)
)
)
(
6
)
T
h
e
s
in
g
le
o
u
t
p
u
t v
ar
i
a
b
le
(
)
is
d
u
ty
cy
cle
.
W
h
e
r
e
a.
:
is
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e;
b.
)
is
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
o
u
t
p
u
t v
o
lt
ag
e
in
th
e
K
th
s
am
p
le;
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
6
:
1
2
8
3
–
1
2
9
3
1287
T
h
e
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
w
it
h
t
h
e
Fu
zz
y
L
o
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
6
,
w
h
er
e
)
is
s
e
n
t to
t
h
e
P
W
M
g
en
er
ato
r
.
P
W
M
g
en
er
ato
r
g
en
er
ates
t
h
e
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
s
witch
i
n
g
s
i
g
n
al
f
o
r
th
e
s
w
i
tch
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
a.
is
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l g
a
in
o
f
in
p
u
t
;
b.
is
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l g
a
in
o
f
in
p
u
t
)
;
c.
is
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l g
a
in
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t.
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
B
lo
c
k
d
iag
r
am
o
f
Fu
zz
y
L
o
g
ic
c
o
n
tr
o
l
le
r
f
o
r
th
e
S
E
PIC
co
n
v
e
r
t
er
T
h
e
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
a
n
d
f
o
r
an
d
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7
a.
T
h
e
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ct
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
ar
iab
l
e
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7
.
b
.
A
ll
th
e
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
o
n
a
n
o
r
m
al
ized
in
ter
v
al
[
]
.
T
h
e
r
u
les
o
f
th
e
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
t
r
o
lle
r
a
r
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
l
e
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
a.
M
em
b
er
s
h
i
p
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
f
o
r
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
7
b
.
M
em
b
er
s
h
i
p
f
u
n
cti
o
n
f
o
r
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Me
m
b
e
r
s
h
ip
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
v
a
r
i
ab
l
es
S
EP
I
C
C
o
n
v
e
r
te
r
F
u
z
z
y
Lo
gi
c
C
o
n
tr
o
l
l
e
r
F
LC
P
W
M
P
u
l
s
e
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
-
1
.
0
-
0
.
5
0
.
0
0
.
5
1
.
0
NB
NS
Z
P
S
P
B
-
1
.
0
-
0
.
5
0
.
0
0
.
5
1
.
0
NB
NS
Z
P
S
P
B
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
P
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
S
ystem
w
ith
S
E
P
I
C
C
o
n
ve
r
ter
C
o
n
tr
o
l
led
b
y
th
e
F
u
z
z
y
Lo
g
ic
(
Mer
ye
m
Ou
d
d
a
)
1288
T
a
b
le
1
.
Fu
z
zy
co
n
t
r
o
l
r
u
les
NB
NS
Z
PS
PB
NB
NB
NB
NB
NS
Z
NS
NB
NB
NS
Z
PB
Z
NB
NS
Z
PS
PB
PS
NS
Z
PS
PB
PB
PB
Z
PS
PB
PB
PB
Fu
zz
y
co
n
tr
o
l r
u
les ar
e
d
er
iv
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
a
n
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
b
eh
av
io
r
:
a.
W
h
en
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
is
f
ar
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
e
t
p
o
in
t
(
P
o
s
itiv
e
B
ig
o
r
Neg
ativ
e
B
ig
)
,
th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
clo
s
e
to
ze
r
o
o
r
o
n
e
s
o
as to
b
r
in
g
to
th
e
s
et
p
o
in
t q
u
ic
k
l
y
.
b.
W
h
en
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
g
to
th
e
s
et
p
o
in
t
(
Neg
ati
v
e
S
m
a
ll
o
r
P
o
s
itiv
e
S
m
al
l)
,
a
s
m
all
c
h
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
c
le
is
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
.
c.
W
h
en
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
g
v
er
y
clo
s
e
to
th
e
s
et
p
o
in
t,
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
m
u
s
t
b
e
k
ep
t
co
n
s
ta
n
t in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
ev
en
t th
e
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t.
5.
SI
M
U
L
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
ay
th
a
t
w
e
u
s
e
i
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
is
SC
H
OT
T
So
lar
(
SC
HOT
T
P
OL
Y
TM
2
1
0
)
;
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
t
h
is
ar
r
a
y
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
a
b
le
2
.
E
lec
tr
ic
al
d
ata
a
p
p
ly
t
o
s
tan
d
a
r
d
t
est
c
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T
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(
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d
T
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Fig
u
r
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1
0
s
h
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I
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N
:
2
0
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8
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0
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a
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2
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d
T
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5
.
1
.
I
nfluence
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f
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pera
t
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r
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ir
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ad
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n
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2
),
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
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8
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P
h
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2
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3
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Fro
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th
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F
ig
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Fig
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1
2
,
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1
3
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1
S.
5
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2
.
I
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r
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le
te
m
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r
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(
T
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f
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r
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1
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1
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r
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1
6
s
h
o
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s
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m
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m
t
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e
m
o
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el
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;
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0
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2
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W
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d
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ig
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6
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[
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w
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[
W
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
6
:
1
2
8
3
–
1
2
9
3
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Fig
u
r
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14.
V
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lt
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r
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t
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a
t
T
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d
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u
r
e
1
5
.
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r
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t
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u
t
r
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lts
;
at
T
=2
5
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d
G=
8
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/
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2
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e
1
6
.
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t
T
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a
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[2
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m
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s
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ia,
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k
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M
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w
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w
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[3
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.
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siv
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[5
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[6
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[7
]
G.
T
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m
b
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.
P
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Y.M
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.
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ter
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:
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:
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]
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y
8
(5
):
6
2
3
-
6
2
9
,
2
0
1
4
.
[9
]
T
a
d
i
G
L
Krish
n
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Re
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m
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1
,
Iss
u
e
9
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
0
]
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.
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;
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,
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F
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4
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1
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.
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.
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a
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o
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.
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teristics
in
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IEW
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Dr
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m (
IJ
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DS
)
,
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l
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2
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J
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n
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2
0
1
3
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p
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8
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2
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H.
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z
e
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h
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I.
A
b
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ter P
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e
d
ia
7
4
(2
0
1
5
)
7
6
0
–
7
7
1
.
[1
3
]
Y.M
.
Ch
e
n
,
Y.C.
L
iu
,
S
.
C.
H
u
n
g
,
a
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S
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o
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2
2
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IS
S
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3
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a
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0
0
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[1
4
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S
.
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.
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n
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ter
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o
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lec
trica
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m
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n
e
rg
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ti
c
,
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e
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ic
a
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mm
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g
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:
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:
2
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2
0
1
4
.
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o
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d
A
c
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g
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y
.
[1
5
]
V
ij
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y
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b
a
lan
R
,
S
.
Ra
v
iv
a
r
m
a
n
,
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it
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u
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n
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r"
,
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ter
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t
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l
J
o
u
rn
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o
f
Po
we
r
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e
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tro
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a
n
d
Dr
ive
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y
ste
m
(
IJ
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DS
),
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ter
n
a
ti
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n
a
l
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o
u
rn
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o
f
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r
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),
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l.
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o
.
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c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
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7
1
~
3
7
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.
[1
6
]
A.
Ra
m
k
u
m
a
r,
S
.
V
ij
u
la
S
h
in
i
F
l
o
re
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e
,
"
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n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
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in
g
le
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h
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se
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-
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g
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se
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h
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iq
u
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s"
,
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ter
n
a
ti
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n
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l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
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trica
l,
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c
tro
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ics
a
n
d
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stru
me
n
ta
ti
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n
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g
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rin
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Vo
l.
4
,
Iss
u
e
2
,
F
e
b
r
u
a
ry
2
0
1
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.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
M
e
ry
e
m
Ou
d
d
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re
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d
h
e
r
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c
a
n
d
M
S
c
d
e
g
re
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s
in
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lec
tri
c
a
l
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n
g
in
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rin
g
f
ro
m
TA
HRI
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
Be
c
h
a
r
Un
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e
rsit
y
,
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e
ria,
in
2
0
0
9
a
n
d
2
0
1
1
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
,
w
h
e
re
sh
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h
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s
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n
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rk
in
g
to
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rd
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e
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to
ra
l
d
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g
re
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in
th
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rtme
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t
o
f
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c
tri
c
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d
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c
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g
in
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sin
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n
u
a
r
y
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0
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2
.
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h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
re
se
a
r
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h
m
e
m
b
e
r
a
t
th
e
re
se
a
rc
h
lab
o
ra
to
ry
:
Co
m
m
a
n
d
A
n
a
l
y
s
e
s
a
n
d
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
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e
c
tro
-
En
e
rg
e
ti
c
S
y
ste
m
s,
TAHRI
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
Be
c
h
a
r
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
A
l
g
e
ria.
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