Internati
o
nal
Journal of P
o
wer Elect
roni
cs an
d
Drive
S
y
ste
m
(I
JPE
D
S)
Vol
.
6
,
No
. 2,
J
une
2
0
1
5
,
pp
. 26
0~
26
7
I
S
SN
: 208
8-8
6
9
4
2
60
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: h
ttp
://iaesjo
u
r
na
l.com/
o
n
lin
e/ind
e
x.ph
p
/
IJPEDS
Push-Pull Con
v
erter Fed Three-P
h
ase Inverter for Residential
and Motor Load
R.
Sam
u
el Rajesh B
a
bu
Departem
ent
of
Ele
c
troni
cs
and
I
n
strumentation
Engineering,
Sa
thy
a
ba
ma
Uni
v
e
r
si
ty
,
Indi
a
Article Info
A
B
STRAC
T
Article histo
r
y:
Received Dec 5, 2014
Rev
i
sed
Feb
27
, 20
15
Accepted
Mar 14, 2015
The proposed p
a
per is
an new
approach
for po
wer conditionin
g
of a PV
(photo-voltaic) cell arr
a
y
.
Th
e main objectiv
e is to investigate an
approach to
provide and improve the deliv
ered el
ectr
i
c en
erg
y
b
y
m
e
ans
of power
condition
i
ng structures with th
e use
of altern
ativ
e renewabl
e
resources
(ARRs) for re
mote rural residential or industrial non-lin
ear
loads. This
approach
employ
s a series-combine
d conn
ected
boost and buck
boost DC-
DC convert
er fo
r power cond
itio
ning of th
e d
c
v
o
ltag
e
provid
e
d
b
y
a photo
-
voltaic ar
ray
.
The input vo
ltag
e to th
e combined converters
is 100 V
provided from
two series
con
n
ected PV
c
e
ll
s, which
is co
nverted
an
d
increased to
20
0 V at th
e dc
output
voltag
e
.
Series-combined
connected
boost and buck-boost DC-DC c
onverters opera
te alternatively
.
This helps to
reduce
the inpu
t ripple
curren
t
and provide
the requir
e
d 40
0 Vdc on a
sinusoidal PWM three-ph
ase
inverter
. An
aly
s
is of the two ser
i
es-combined
DC-DC converters is presen
ted
along with
simulation r
e
sults. Simulations of
the series-combined DC-DC converters
ar
e presented with
an
output DC
voltag
e
of
200 V
and
a maximum output load
of
Po=
600 W.
Keyword:
Altern
ativ
e Ren
e
wab
l
e
Reso
urce
Pho
t
o
Vo
ltaic
Pu
lse Wid
t
h
M
o
du
latio
n
Copyright ©
201
5 Institut
e
o
f
Ad
vanced
Engin
eer
ing and S
c
i
e
nce.
All rights re
se
rve
d
.
Co
rresp
ond
i
ng
Autho
r
:
R. Sam
u
el Rajesh
Bab
u
Depa
rt
em
ent
of El
ect
r
oni
cs
a
n
d
I
n
st
r
u
m
e
nt
at
i
on E
n
gi
nee
r
i
n
g
,
Sath
yab
a
m
a
Un
iv
ersity, In
d
i
a.
e-m
a
i
l: d
r
.samu
e
lraj
eshba
b
u@gm
ail.co
m
1.
INTRODUCTION
The
Application
of
Solar cell is em
ployed as an
Alternative Renewa
ble
Resource to provi
de clean
electric energy
to
1.
Re
m
o
te rural
Resid
e
n
tial lo
ad
.
2.
Sm
a
ll In
du
strial n
on-lin
ear l
o
ad
.
Lack
o
f
electricity in
so
m
e
rural areas, al
o
n
g
with
t
h
e
p
o
wer
q
u
a
lity co
n
c
ern
s
o
n
prov
id
i
n
g the
electric power to reside
ntial and i
n
du
str
i
al
cu
sto
m
er
s r
e
qu
ir
e payin
g
att
e
n
tio
n
on
pr
opo
sing
alter
n
ati
v
es to
su
pp
ly electr
i
city
to
cr
itical c
u
sto
m
er
s [
1
]-[3
].
I
n
sup
p
o
r
tin
g
tho
s
e cu
stomer
s,
d
i
str
i
bu
ted
po
w
e
r
m
a
y
b
e
th
e
lo
ng
-term
found
atio
n of co
m
p
etitio
n
in
electric p
o
w
e
r ind
u
stry. Pho
t
ovo
ltaic cells h
a
v
e
b
e
en
ex
ten
s
i
v
ely u
s
ed
t
o
ge
ne
rat
e
el
ect
ri
c ene
r
gy
as
a way
of
di
st
ri
but
e
d
gene
rat
i
o
n
(
D
G
)
.
Seve
ral
app
r
oa
ches ha
ve p
r
o
pos
ed
po
wer c
o
n
d
i
t
i
oni
ng st
r
u
ct
u
r
es t
o
i
n
c
r
ease t
h
e v
o
l
t
a
ge fr
om
PV
cel
l
s
and
p
r
o
v
i
d
e t
h
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
a
c
v
o
l
t
a
ges
req
u
i
r
e
d
by
resi
de
nt
i
a
l
or i
n
d
u
st
r
i
al
cust
om
ers. DC
-
D
C
an
d
D
C
-A
C
conve
r
ters
have been e
x
plore
d
exte
nsively to m
eet
the require
d
electri
c ener
gy
dem
a
nds
by
t
hose c
u
st
o
m
ers
[
4
]-[
7
]
.
1.
Po
wer c
o
n
d
i
t
i
oni
ng st
ruct
ur
e of a
DC
-
D
C
bo
ost
co
n
v
e
r
t
e
r al
o
ng
wi
t
h
a si
n
g
l
e
-
pha
se dc-ac c
o
nv
ert
e
r
(IGBT PWM i
n
v
e
rter) to supp
ly 12
0V t
o
rem
o
te ru
ral resi
d
e
n
tial lo
ad
s.
2.
Po
wer co
n
d
i
t
i
oni
ng st
r
u
ct
u
r
e
of a DC
-
D
C
pus
h
-
p
u
l
l
co
n
v
e
rt
er al
on
g wi
t
h
a si
ngl
e-phas
e dc-ac converter
(IGBT PWM i
n
v
e
rter) to supp
ly 12
0V t
o
rem
o
te ru
ral resi
d
e
n
tial lo
ad
s.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-86
94
I
J
PED
S
Vo
l. 6,
No
.
2,
Ju
ne 20
15
:
260
–
2
67
2
61
The Fi
rst Approach is a typical
DC-DC
bo
ost co
nv
erter em
p
l
o
y
ed
to
in
crease th
e
vo
ltag
e
g
e
n
e
rated
b
y
a PV cell m
o
du
le an
d conv
ert it to an ac ou
tpu
t
vo
ltag
e
of
1
2
0
V
rm
s
. The sec
o
nd
ap
pr
oach
i
s
a
not
her
wel
l
kn
o
w
n t
o
p
o
l
o
gy
, t
h
e
dc-
d
c
pus
h
-
p
u
l
l
co
nv
ert
e
r,
whi
c
h e
m
pl
oy
s a hi
gh
fre
que
ncy
i
s
o
l
at
i
on t
r
ans
f
or
m
e
r t
o
i
n
crease
f
u
rt
he
r t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
age
pr
ovi
ded
fr
om
t
h
e PV
c
e
ll. Howe
ver, t
h
ese t
w
o
ap
pro
ach
es are limited
in
th
eir
p
e
r
f
or
m
a
n
ce du
e t
o
th
e n
a
tur
e
of
each
top
o
l
og
y [
8
]
-
[1
0
]
.
Th
e
d
c
-d
c boo
st conver
t
er
is limited
b
y
th
e
dut
y
cy
cl
e, wh
ere a l
i
m
i
t
e
d out
p
u
t
vol
t
a
ge
o
f
17
0 V can
be
obt
ai
ne
d fr
om
a 100 V
,
60
0
W
PV cel
l
arra
y
.
The
dc-
d
c
pu
sh
-p
ul
l
t
o
p
o
l
o
gy
can
be em
pl
oy
ed,
w
h
i
c
h
need
s
a hi
g
h
fre
qu
en
cy
i
s
ol
at
i
on t
r
a
n
sf
orm
e
r t
o
ha
ve a
n
increase
d
volta
ge.
A DC-DC com
b
ined converter is propose
d
to
m
eet
the custom
ers electric dem
a
nds and im
prove
per
f
o
r
m
a
nce o
n
t
h
i
s
new
p
r
o
pos
ed a
p
pr
oac
h
. T
h
e m
a
i
n
ob
ject
i
v
e i
s
t
o
i
n
vest
i
g
at
e an a
p
pr
oac
h
t
o
pr
o
v
i
de an
d
im
prove the de
livered electric
energy
by
m
e
ans o
f
p
o
w
er c
o
n
d
i
t
i
oni
ng st
r
u
ct
ures with
the u
s
e of alternativ
e
r
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e r
e
so
ur
ces
(A
RRs) [1
1
]-[
13
].
Fu
r
t
h
e
r
,
th
e pr
o
pos
ed
ap
pr
oac
h
i
s
al
s
o
c
o
nnected to a si
nusoi
d
al
PW
M thre
e-phase inverter
to inve
stig
ate
th
e p
e
rfo
rm
an
ce o
f
th
e com
p
le
te DC-AC p
o
wer co
nditio
n
i
n
g
structure.
2.
CIR
C
U
IT DI
AG
RA
M A
N
D
DESC
RIPT
ION
The
pr
op
ose
d
app
r
oach c
o
ns
i
s
t
i
ng o
f
a DC
-DC
bo
ost
st
a
g
e w
h
i
c
h c
o
nv
ert
s
t
h
e i
n
put
dc v
o
l
t
a
ge
,
V
SC
=
10
0V,
from
th
e
PV
cell, to
a regu
lated
d
c
o
u
t
p
u
t
vo
ltag
e
,
V
dc
=
2
00V
.
Fi
gu
re
1.
Pr
o
p
o
se
d B
l
oc
k
Di
agram
Th
e
DC vo
ltage fro
m
th
e So
l
a
r cell array is con
v
e
rted
t
o
AC b
y
t
h
e inverter,
wh
ich
is
co
nv
erted
in
pus
h
pul
l
m
ode
. T
h
e
gat
i
n
g
s
i
gnal
s
necessa
ry
t
o
d
r
i
v
e t
h
e p
u
s
h
-
pul
l
i
n
vert
er
are
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
by
t
h
e
cont
rol
circu
it. Th
e con
t
ro
ller circu
it co
nsists of
AT8
9
C
2
0
5
1
M
i
cr
o C
ont
r
o
l
l
e
r a
n
d a
p
u
l
s
e am
pl
ifi
e
r.
The gat
i
n
g
pul
ses wi
t
h
de
fi
ni
t
e
t
i
m
e
del
a
y
of
5v
ol
t
m
a
gni
t
ude are
n
o
t
eno
u
gh t
o
d
r
i
v
e
t
h
e i
nve
rt
er
switch
e
s. Th
e
p
u
l
se am
p
lifie
r circu
it (Stage 1) Power
A
m
pli
f
i
e
s t
h
e si
gnal
s
f
r
om
t
h
e
m
i
cro co
nt
rol
l
er t
o
n
early abou
t 10
vo
lts, to driv
e th
e inv
e
rter switch
e
s.
Th
e altern
ativ
e
ou
tput
of t
h
e
pus
h
-
p
u
l
l
i
nve
rt
er i
s
f
e
d t
o
a
h
i
gh
fr
equ
e
n
c
y f
e
r
r
ite co
r
e
st
ep
up
tr
an
sf
or
mer
to
boo
st
th
e v
o
ltag
e
lev
e
ls. To
driv
e t
h
e th
ree
ph
ase lo
ad
and
to
switch
th
e th
ree ph
ase inverter, th
e boo
sted
vo
ltag
e
is
furt
her co
n
v
ert
e
d t
o
DC
l
e
vel
,
by
t
h
e unc
on
t
r
ol
l
e
d
b
r
i
d
g
e
rectifier circu
it [14
]
-[17
].
Th
e m
i
cro
co
ntro
ller and
th
e
p
u
l
se am
p
lifier circu
it (Stag
e
2
)
p
r
ov
id
e necessary g
a
ting
pu
lses to
the
three phase i
n
verter. T
h
e thre
e phase i
nve
rte
r
circuit wh
ich switch
i
ng
wit
h
d
e
fin
ite ti
m
e
d
e
lay d
r
iv
e t
h
e th
ree
pha
se l
o
a
d
.
The sy
st
em
m
a
i
n
l
y
i
s
co
m
p
ri
sed of a PV cel
l
array
wi
t
h
t
w
o
m
odul
es (
2
x 30
0
W, 2 x 5
0
V), a b
o
o
s
t
con
v
e
r
t
e
r an
d
a buc
k-
b
oost
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r. T
h
e t
w
o m
a
i
n
i
ndu
ct
ors co
nsi
s
t
s
of a B
o
ost
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
,
L
boost
, and t
h
e
b
u
c
k-
boo
st indu
ctor
,
L
buckboost
, w
h
i
c
h ca
n
be
co
nfi
g
u
r
ed
as
sepa
rat
e
i
n
du
ct
ors,
o
r
t
h
ey
can
be t
w
o c
o
upl
e
d
in
du
ctor
s. Two co
up
led
i
n
du
cto
r
s co
u
l
d
im
p
r
ov
e th
e ch
ar
ac
teristics o
f
the p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
pro
a
ch
th
at is,
help
ing
to
redu
ce th
e in
pu
t
ripp
le curren
t t
h
at is
d
r
awn
by
b
o
t
h
DC
-DC
c
o
nve
rt
ers
operating alternately.
The
out
put
of
t
h
e Ph
ot
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
cel
l
i
s
i
nver
t
ed by
usi
n
g o
f
P
u
sh
-P
ul
l
i
n
vert
er
. It
i
s
st
e
ppe
d
up
an
d
rect
i
f
i
e
d by
u
s
i
ng
a
n
u
n
co
nt
r
o
l
l
e
d rec
tifier. Th
e o
u
t
pu
t
of th
e
rectifier
is
conve
r
ted i
n
to Three Phase
AC by
using
a Three Phase Inve
rter.
The Pulses
re
qui
red by
th
e
Pu
sh
-Pu
ll inv
e
rter an
d th
e T
h
ree Phase
Inve
rter a
r
e
gene
rat
e
d
by
u
s
i
ng a
M
i
croc
ont
rol
l
e
r.
T
h
e
adva
nt
age
s
of
t
h
i
s
ci
rcui
t
a
r
e
red
u
ce
d T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r si
ze, re
duce
d
Filter size and
av
ailab
ility o
f
Th
ree Ph
ase
ou
tpu
t
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PED
S
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
6
9
4
Pu
sh
-Pu
ll Converter Fed Th
ree-Pha
s
e In
verter fo
r Resi
d
e
ntia
l a
n
d
Mo
t
o
r
Loa
d
(R. Sam
uel Ra
jesh Ba
bu)
26
2
Fi
gu
re
2.
P
u
sh
pul
l
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
and
3
p
h
ase
I
n
vert
er
ci
rc
ui
t
Th
e second
stag
e con
s
ists o
f
a DC-DC bu
ck
-bo
o
s
t conv
erter wh
ich
o
p
e
rates altern
ativ
ely with
th
e
b
o
o
s
t con
v
e
r
t
er
.
Th
e bu
ck
-b
oo
s
t
co
nv
e
r
ter
is
a
l
s
o
s
upp
lied fro
m
th
e vo
ltag
e
p
r
ov
id
ed
by th
e PV cell
o
u
t
p
u
t
vol
t
a
ge
of 1
0
0
V. B
o
t
h
DC
-
D
C
conve
rt
ers a
r
e seri
es con
n
e
c
t
e
d and c
o
m
b
i
n
ed (al
t
e
r
n
at
e ope
rat
i
o
n) t
o
d
e
l
i
v
er
t
h
e o
u
t
p
ut
po
w
e
r a
n
d
v
o
l
t
a
ge
dem
a
nded
by
l
o
ad
.
The
pu
sh
p
u
l
l
con
f
i
g
urat
i
o
n i
s
de
ri
ve
d f
r
om
t
w
o
f
o
r
w
ar
d c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
rs
wo
r
k
i
n
g
in
an
tip
h
a
se
.
A
s
s
u
ch,
t
h
e p
u
s
h
-
pul
l
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r t
o
pol
ogy
has t
h
e a
d
vant
a
g
e o
v
e
r
t
h
e f
o
r
w
a
r
d c
o
nve
rt
er i
n
t
h
at
t
h
e v
o
l
t
a
ge acr
oss t
h
e
trans
f
orm
e
r and
hence
,
the
peak collector voltage
of
t
h
e switch
i
ng
t
r
an
sistor is limited
twice th
e in
pu
t
v
o
ltag
e
. Th
is is d
u
e
t
o
th
e sy
mme
trical cen
tre-tapp
ed
tr
an
sform
e
r with
equ
a
l nu
m
b
er o
f
tu
rn
s in
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
wi
n
d
i
n
gs. Si
nc
e t
h
e po
wer s
u
ppl
i
e
d t
o
t
h
e l
o
ad i
s
neve
r st
o
r
ed i
n
t
h
e t
r
a
n
sf
orm
e
r,
m
o
re p
o
we
r can
be ha
ndl
e
d
at a gre
a
ter e
f
ficiency and wi
th a
better re
gulation tha
n
the
fo
rwa
r
d co
n
v
e
r
ter.
The
basic
circuit dia
g
ram
of
a
pus
h
-
p
u
l
l
c
o
n
v
e
rt
er i
s
sho
w
n
i
n
t
h
e Fi
gu
re 2
.
It
has t
w
o M
O
SFE
Ts M
1
and M
2
a
nd a t
r
ansf
o
r
m
e
r wi
t
h
m
i
d-
t
a
ps o
n
b
o
t
h
p
r
im
ary
and seco
nda
ry
si
des.
A
n
u
n
co
nt
r
o
l
l
e
d
rect
i
f
i
e
r o
r
any
t
y
pe of dc s
o
u
r
ce fee
d
s p
u
s
h
-
pul
l
co
nv
erter.
In
ducto
r L and
capac
ito
r C are th
e filter co
m
p
on
en
ts.
Wh
en
M1
is t
u
rn
ed
on
, th
e
in
pu
t vo
ltag
e
is ap
p
lied
t
o
the lo
wer
h
a
lf
of
th
e prim
ary
tran
sform
e
r
wind
ing
s
. As a resu
lt, vo
ltage is in
d
u
ced
in b
o
t
h
th
e secon
d
a
ry wind
ings. Vo
ltag
e
in
t
h
e up
p
e
r h
a
lf
o
f
th
e
secon
d
a
ry wind
ing
forward
biases d
i
o
d
e
D1 an
d
th
is will su
pp
ly to
th
e lo
ad
.
Wh
en
M2
is tu
rn
ed
on
, the in
p
u
t
vol
t
a
ge
i
s
a
p
p
l
i
e
d t
o
t
h
e
up
per
hal
f
o
f
t
r
a
n
sf
orm
e
r p
r
imary.
As a
result, v
o
ltag
e
is i
n
du
ced
in bo
t
h
th
e
seco
nda
ry
wi
n
d
i
n
gs.
V
o
l
t
a
ge
i
n
t
h
e l
o
we
r
hal
f
of t
h
e sec
o
n
d
a
r
y
wi
n
d
i
n
g f
o
rwa
r
d
bi
as
es di
o
d
e
D
2
a
n
d
t
h
i
s
will sup
p
l
y to th
e lo
ad
.
3.
MO
DES OF OPERATIO
N
Three
phase i
n
verters are
normally
used fo
r hi
g
h
po
wer ap
pl
i
cat
i
ons. Th
r
ee
si
ngl
e
-
p
h
as
e
hal
f
or f
u
l
l
b
r
i
d
g
e
inv
e
rters can
b
e
co
nn
ected
in
p
a
rallel to
form
th
e co
nfigu
r
ation
o
f
a th
ree ph
ase
in
v
e
rter. Th
e gatin
g
si
gnal
s
o
f
si
n
g
l
e
p
h
ase i
nve
rt
e
r
s s
h
o
u
l
d
be a
d
vance
d
o
r
del
a
y
e
d by
1
2
0
º
wi
t
h
res
p
ect
t
o
ea
ch
ot
he
r i
n
o
r
d
e
r t
o
obtain three phase balanced
voltage
s.
The
three phase output can be obtai
ned fr
om
a
con
f
i
g
urat
i
o
n
of si
x
swi
t
c
hes a
n
d
si
x di
ode
s. T
w
o
t
y
pes of
co
nt
r
o
l
si
gnal
s
ca
n b
e
appl
i
e
d t
o
t
h
e swi
t
c
hes:
18
0º c
o
n
d
u
ct
i
o
n
or
1
2
0
º
co
ndu
ctio
n.
A
.
18
0° C
o
nduct
i
on
Each switch c
o
nducts for 180°. T
h
ree s
w
itches rem
a
in
o
n
at an
y in
stan
t o
f
ti
m
e
. W
h
en
switch
1
is
switche
d on, term
inal ‘a’ is
connected
to t
h
e positive term
inal of the
dc input voltage.
W
h
e
n
switc
h 4 is
switche
d on, t
e
rm
inal ‘a’ is connected to t
h
e ne
gative
te
rm
inal of the
dc s
o
urce. T
h
ere are si
x m
odes
of
ope
rat
i
o
n i
n
a
cy
cl
e and t
h
e
du
rat
i
o
n
of ea
ch m
ode i
s
60°. T
h
e s
w
itche
s are
num
b
ered in the
seque
n
ce
of
gating t
h
e s
w
itches
123,
234, 345,
456,
561, 612. T
h
e gati
ng
signals are
shifted
from
each ot
her
by 60° to
obtain three
phase bala
nced voltages.
B
.
12
0°
C
o
nd
ucti
o
n
Each
switch
con
d
u
c
ts fo
r
1
20°. On
ly two
switch
e
s rem
a
in
o
n
at an
y in
stan
t o
f
tim
e. Th
e co
nd
u
c
tion
sequ
en
ce
of
sw
itch
e
s
is 61
, 1
2
, 2
3
, 3
4
,
45
, 5
6
,
an
d
61
.
There are
three mode
s of
oper
ati
o
n in a
half cycle and
the equivale
nt
circuits for wy
e conn
ecte
d
l
o
ad a
r
e s
h
own i
n
Fi
gure
3.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-86
94
I
J
PED
S
Vo
l. 6,
No
.
2,
Ju
ne 20
15
:
260
–
2
67
2
63
Fi
gu
re
3.
W
a
v
e
fo
rm
s of t
h
e
s
w
i
t
c
hi
n
g
pul
se
s
Du
ri
n
g
m
ode
1
f
o
r
0
≤
ω
t
≤
π
/
3
s
w
i
t
c
hes
1 a
n
d
6 c
o
n
d
u
ct
s.
Van=
Vs/
2
Vb
n=-
V
s/
2
Vcn=
0
D
u
r
i
ng
m
o
d
e
2 fo
r
π
/3
≤
ω
t
≤
2
π
/
3
,
swi
t
c
he
s
1 a
n
d
2
co
n
duc
t
.
Van=
Vs/
2
Vb
n=
0
Vcn=
-V
s/2
D
u
r
i
ng
m
o
d
e
3 fo
r
2
π
/3
≤
ω
t
≤
3
π
/
3
, swi
t
c
he
s
2 an
d 3
c
o
nd
uct
.
Van=
0;
Vb
n=
Vs/2;
Vcn=
-V
s/2
The l
i
n
e
t
o
ne
u
t
ral
v
o
l
t
a
ges ca
n
be e
x
p
r
esse
d
i
n
F
o
u
r
i
e
r
seri
e
s
as
gi
ve
n
bel
l
o
w
Van=
n=
1, 3,
5
…
Σ
∞
2Vs/
n
π
cos
n
π
/6 sin n (
ω
t +
π
/6
)
Vb
n=
n=1
,
3, 5 …
Σ
∞
2Vs/
n
π
cos
n
π
/6 sin n (
ω
t -
π
/2)
Vcn=
n=
1, 3,
5
…
Σ
∞
2Vs/
n
π
cos
n
π
/6 sin n (
ω
t -
7
π
/6)
4.
SIMULATION RESULTS
The p
r
op
ose
d
wo
rk c
o
nsi
s
t
i
ng
of a
DC
-
D
C
b
oost
st
a
g
e w
h
i
c
h c
o
n
v
ert
s
t
h
e i
n
p
u
t
dc vol
t
a
ge,
V
SC
=
1
0
0
V
,
fr
o
m
t
h
e PV cel
l
,
t
o
a re
gul
at
e
d
dc o
u
t
put
vol
t
a
ge,
V
dc
=
2
0
0
V
.
The sec
o
nd st
a
g
e co
nsi
s
t
s
of
a dc-
d
c
bu
ck
-bo
o
s
t
co
nv
erter wh
ich
op
erates altern
ativ
ely w
ith
th
e bo
ost con
v
erter. Th
e
b
u
c
k
-
bo
o
s
t co
nv
erter is
al
so su
p
p
l
i
e
d f
r
om
t
h
e vol
t
a
g
e
pr
ovi
ded
by
t
h
e P
V
cel
l
out
put
vol
t
a
ge
of
10
0
V. B
o
t
h
D
C
-DC
co
n
v
ert
e
rs ar
e
series c
o
nnect
ed a
n
d com
b
ined
(altern
ate
op
eration
)
to d
e
liv
er th
e ou
tput p
o
wer an
d vo
ltag
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
ed
b
y
lo
ad
. Th
e simu
latio
n is done u
s
i
n
g Matlab
sim
u
lin
k
f
o
r Resid
e
n
tial load
an
d thr
ee
ph
ase m
o
to
r load
, t
h
e
resu
lts are
p
r
esen
ted
.
Sco
p
e
is con
n
ected
t
o
disp
lay th
e
o
u
t
pu
t vo
ltag
e
.
Fi
gu
re
4.
Si
m
u
l
a
t
i
on C
i
rc
ui
t
f
o
r
p
u
s
h
-
pul
l
c
o
nve
rt
er
fe
d T
h
r
ee Pha
s
e I
n
vert
er
wi
t
h
R
e
si
de
nt
i
a
l
l
o
ad
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PED
S
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
6
9
4
Pus
h
-P
ull Converter Fed T
h
r
ee-Phase
In
ver
ter for Resi
dential and
Mot
o
r
Load
(R. Sam
uel Ra
jesh Ba
bu)
26
4
Fi
gu
re 5.
DC In
pu
t Vo
ltag
e
Fi
gu
re 6.
R
ect
i
f
i
e
r DC
Out
put
V
o
l
t
a
ge
Figu
re
7.
Tri
g
g
e
rin
g
P
u
lses
fo
r M
O
SFET
’
s
1
to
6
Fi
gu
re 8.
Ou
tpu
t
Ph
ase
Vo
ltag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
088
-86
94
I
J
PED
S
Vo
l. 6,
No
.
2,
Ju
ne 20
15
:
260
–
2
67
2
65
Fi
gu
re 9.
Output Phase c
u
rre
n
t
Fig
u
re 10
. Simu
latio
n
Circu
it
of p
u
s
h
-
pu
ll
co
nv
erter fed
three p
h
a
se
m
o
to
r
lo
ad
Fig
u
r
e
11
.
24
V D
C
i
n
pu
t su
pply
Fi
gu
re
1
2
. T
r
a
n
sf
orm
e
r O
u
t
p
ut
V
o
l
t
a
ge
Fi
gu
re
1
3
. T
r
i
g
geri
ng
P
u
l
s
es f
o
r
M
O
S
F
ET
1
t
o
6
Fig
u
re 14
.
Rectifier
Ou
tpu
t
Vo
ltag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PED
S
I
S
SN
:
208
8-8
6
9
4
Pus
h
-P
ull Converter Fed T
h
r
ee-Phase
In
ver
ter for Resi
dential and
Mot
o
r
Load
(R. Sam
uel Ra
jesh Ba
bu)
26
6
Fi
gu
re 1
5
.
O
u
t
put
Pha
s
e Vol
t
age
Figure 16
.
O
u
t
put
Pha
s
e
c
u
r
r
e
nt
Figure 17.
M
o
to
r Speed in
RPM
5.
CO
NCL
USI
O
N
In
t
h
i
s
pr
o
pose
d
wo
rk
a
n
ovel
ap
pr
oac
h
has
been
de
vel
ope
d
fo
r t
h
e
co
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
of
t
h
e
ge
nerat
e
d
DC
out
put
v
o
l
t
a
ge
o
f
a
PV
cel
l
array
i
n
t
o
a
hi
ghe
r
reg
u
l
a
t
e
d
DC
v
o
l
t
a
ge.
Thi
s
hi
g
h
er
p
o
w
er
co
n
d
i
t
i
one
d
DC
o
u
t
p
u
t
vo
ltag
e
is u
tilized
b
y
a
typ
i
cal sin
u
s
o
i
d
a
l SPW
M
three-ph
ase inv
e
rt
er su
ch
th
at n
o
min
a
l l
i
n
e
-to-neu
t
ral
rm
s vol
t
a
ge,
VL
N,
r
m
s=
12
0
V an
d l
i
n
e t
o
l
i
n
e rm
s vol
t
a
ge
VL
L,r
m
s=
2
0
8
V
ca
n be
a
v
ai
l
a
bl
e t
o
re
s
i
dent
i
a
l
an
d
/
o
r
indu
stri
al lo
ad
s. Sim
u
latio
n
resu
lts o
f
th
e n
e
w series-co
m
b
i
n
e
d
con
v
e
rter sh
ow th
e feasib
ility o
f
th
e
pr
o
pose
d
ap
pr
oach
t
o
o
b
t
a
i
n
a
hi
ghe
r
dc
-l
i
n
k
o
u
t
p
ut
v
o
l
t
a
ge,
Vo,dc-link=
2
0
0
V.
The dc
-l
i
nk
v
o
l
t
a
ge
reg
u
l
a
t
i
on
has been s
h
ow
n t
o
be pr
o
v
i
d
e
d
b
y
t
h
e t
w
o out
p
u
t
capaci
t
o
r
s
v
o
l
t
a
ges w
h
i
c
h
can be i
n
di
vi
d
u
al
l
y
cont
rol
l
e
d
.
The
ac out
put
l
o
a
d
can be un
bal
a
nced a
nd/
or
n
o
n
-linea
r. F
u
rth
e
rm
ore, the
in
du
ctor
cu
rr
en
ts i
n
th
e
b
o
o
s
t and
b
u
c
k b
o
o
s
t sch
e
m
e
s
are sho
w
n
to
b
e
with
i
n
ad
equ
a
te rm
s an
d
dc cu
rren
t
q
u
a
n
t
ities, wh
ich
mu
st be
del
i
v
ere
d
by
t
h
e PV
cel
l
m
odul
e. T
h
e
pr
o
p
o
s
ed c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r i
s
abl
e
pr
o
duce
a l
o
w
i
n
put
c
u
r
r
ent
ri
p
p
l
e
d
u
e
t
o
t
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BI
O
G
R
A
P
HY
OF
A
U
T
HO
R
R.
Samuel Rajesh Ba
bu
has obt
ained has obtain
e
d his B.E
Degr
ee from
M
a
dras
Univers
i
t
y
in
2003.He obtained his M.E de
gree from Anna Un
iversity
in 2005
. He obtained h
i
s Ph.D degree
from Sath
y
a
bama University
in
2013. Presently
h
e
is a associate professor in Sath
y
a
bama
Univers
i
t
y
.
His
a
r
eas
of
int
e
res
t
a
r
e P
o
wer
Ele
c
tro
n
ics
and
Digit
a
l
P
r
otection
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.