Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of
P
ower E
le
ctr
on
i
cs a
n
d
Drive
S
ystem
(I
J
PE
D
S
)
Vo
l.
11
,
No.
4
,
Decem
be
r
2020
, p
p.
17
11
~
17
18
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8694
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ij
peds
.
v
1
1
.i
4
.
pp
17
11
-
17
18
1711
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ij
pe
ds
.i
aescore.c
om
Moto
r s
i
de acti
ve power fi
lter f
or i
nducti
on motor
H.V. G
urur
aja Rao,
R.C
. M
ala
,
Ambi
k
a J
os
hi
Depa
rtment
o
f
E
le
c
tri
c
al
and
Ele
ct
roni
cs
Engi
n
eering
,
Man
ipal
In
stit
ute of Te
chno
logy
,
Ind
ia
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
hist
or
y:
Re
cei
ved
Feb
1
4,
2020
Re
vised A
pr 26, 2
020
Accepte
d
J
un
1
6,
2020
Pow
er
quality
is
an
im
port
ant
as
pec
t
in
el
e
ct
r
ic
a
l
distr
ibut
ion
and
ut
il
i
za
t
ion
sys
te
ms.
V
ari
ab
le
fre
qu
enc
y
dri
ve
(VF
D)
cont
r
oll
ed
indu
ct
ion
mot
ors
ar
e
widel
y
us
ed
in
i
ndustrie
s.
The
o
utput
cur
ren
t
of
VF
D
which
is
n
onsinusoidal
is
give
n
to
the
induc
ti
on
mo
tor
.
Th
is
pap
er
pr
oposes
a
mo
tor
side
active
power
filter
(MS
APF)
so
as
to
provide
a
pure
sinusoid
al
cur
r
ent
to
th
e
induc
ti
on
mo
tor.
An
ev
al
u
at
ion
of
two
cont
ro
l
st
rat
eg
ie
s
h
as
be
e
n
discussed
in
th
is
p
ape
r
i
.
e
.
synchron
ous
ref
er
ence
fra
me
(SRF
)
th
eor
y
and
Instant
an
eous
r
e
ac
t
ive
power
theory
(IRPT)
in
th
e
g
ene
r
at
ion
of
t
he
r
efe
r
ence
signal
.
The
se
t
e
chni
ques
ar
e
si
mul
ated
in
MA
TL
AB/
Simul
ink
env
ironment.
The
se
simu
la
t
io
ns
dem
onstrate
the
red
u
ction
in
tot
a
l
har
monic
distort
ion
(THD) i
n
th
e mo
tor
cur
r
ent wit
h
ac
t
ive
f
il
t
er conn
ec
t
ed
to
th
e mot
or
side
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
In
sta
ntane
ous rea
ct
ive powe
r
M
ot
or side
acti
ve
powe
r
filt
er
Synchr
onous
r
efere
nce
fr
a
me
Total
h
a
rm
onic
d
ist
ort
ion
Var
ia
ble freq
ue
ncy drive
This
is an
open
acc
ess arti
cl
e
un
der
the
CC
BY
-
SA
l
ic
ense
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
R.C
. Mal
a,
Dep
a
rtme
nt of
Ele
ct
rical
an
d
Ele
ct
ro
nics
E
nginee
rin
g
M
a
nip
al
Insti
tu
te
o
f
Tech
nolo
gy
M
a
nip
al
Acad
e
my
of
Higher
Ed
ucati
on, Ma
nip
al
576104,
Karnata
ka
, In
di
a
Emai
l:
mala.rc
@ma
nip
al
.e
du
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
In
rece
nt
da
ys
,
po
wer
qu
al
it
y
is
one
of
t
he
m
ai
n
c
on
c
er
ns
in
el
ect
ric
powe
r
s
ys
te
m.
D
ue
t
o
nonlinea
r
loads
prese
nt
in
the
sy
ste
m,
su
c
h
as
sta
ti
c
powe
r
c
onve
r
te
rs,
a
rc
f
urna
ces
et
c.,
it
res
ults
in
a
va
rie
ty
of
undesira
ble
ph
enomena
s
uc
h
as
ha
rm
on
ic
co
ntami
n
at
io
n,
inc
rease
d
r
eact
ive
power
de
man
d
a
nd
po
wer
sy
ste
m
volt
age
fl
uctuati
ons.
Among
these
,
harmo
nic
c
onta
minati
on
has
become
a
major
c
on
ce
rn
due
to
it
s
eff
ect
s
on
se
nsi
ti
ve
loa
ds
a
nd
on
the
power
distrib
ution
s
yst
em.
T
he
pr
es
ence
of
ha
rm
onic
c
omp
on
e
nt
s
te
n
ds
to
increas
e
powe
r
s
ys
te
m
losses
wh
ic
h
res
ults
in
excessive
hea
ti
ng
of
el
ect
r
ic
machines
,
cause
el
ect
ro
ma
gn
et
i
c
inter
fer
e
nce
with
c
ommu
ni
cat
ion
li
ne
s
t
ha
t
sh
a
res
co
m
mon
rig
hts
-
of
-
way
with
pow
er
li
nes
and
gen
e
rate
noise
on
regulat
ing
&
co
ntr
ol
ci
rcu
it
s,
t
her
e
by
ca
us
i
ng
er
r
oneo
us
ope
rati
on
of
s
uc
h
e
quipme
nt.
Du
e
to
these
re
aso
ns
, H
a
rm
onic
filt
ers
hav
e
en
te
re
d
the
p
ic
ture
t
o
im
pro
ve
the pow
e
r
qu
al
it
y
of
the
s
yst
em
by
reducin
g
ha
rm
on
ic
dist
or
ti
on
[1
-
3].
T
her
e
a
r
e
tw
o
ty
pes
of
harmo
nic
filt
ers
i.e.
passive
fil
te
r
an
d
act
ive
filt
er.
The
passive
filt
ers
ha
ve
the
e
ase
of
desi
gn.
Howe
ver,
act
ive
filt
ers
hav
e
var
i
ou
s
oth
e
r
adv
a
ntage
s
suc
h
a
s
adap
ta
bili
ty
an
d
bette
r ou
t
pu
t
[4].
Pr
ese
nt
day,
act
ive
filt
ers
are
c
ommo
nly
use
d
to
s
uppr
ess
harmo
ni
cs
in
the
el
e
ct
ric
po
wer
sy
ste
m
[
5]
.
Ac
ti
ve
shu
nt
filt
ers
in
the
net
work
is
gen
e
rall
y
us
e
d
to
ma
ke
t
he
s
ource
cu
rrent
sin
usoidal
wh
e
n
a
nonlinea
r
a
nd
unbalance
d
loa
d
is
co
nnect
ed
to
the
util
it
y
[
6].
Stu
dies
ha
ve
bee
n
pe
rforme
d
on
Acti
ve
filt
er
on
the
netw
ork
side
us
in
g
di
ff
e
r
ent
c
on
t
ro
ll
ers
.
A
uniq
ue
to
polo
gy
f
or
a
3
-
ph
a
se
act
ive
fi
lt
er
is
re
porte
d
in
[
7]
.
Con
tr
ollers
tha
t
are
us
ed
i
n
ne
twork
si
de
filt
er
are
f
uzz
y
lo
gic
[8],
fiel
d
pro
gr
a
mma
ble
gat
e
arr
a
y
(
F
PGA
)
[
9]
,
arti
fici
al
ne
ur
a
l
netw
ork
(AN
N)
[
10]
,
a
da
ptive
filt
erin
g
[
11
-
13]
et
c.
I
n
al
l
these
meth
ods,
the
s
ource
cu
r
ren
t
is
made
si
nu
s
oi
da
l
wh
ic
h
was
distor
te
d
du
e
t
o
no
nlinear
a
nd
un
balance
d
l
oads.
M
an
y
c
ontr
ol
strat
egies
hav
e
been
use
d
to
ge
ner
at
e
t
he
refe
ren
ce
cu
rr
e
nt
[
14
-
16
].
Ind
uc
ti
on
mo
t
or
s
(
IM
s
)
a
re
widel
y
us
e
d
in
in
dustri
es.
Var
ia
ble
fr
e
quency
dr
i
ves
(
V
FD
s
)
a
re
use
d
to
c
ontrol
the
s
peed
of
th
ese
mo
to
rs
[
17
-
18]
.
Si
nce
V
FD
c
on
sist
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
Dr
i
S
ys
t
,
V
ol
.
1
1
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
17
11
–
17
18
1712
of
powe
r
el
ec
tro
nic
switc
he
s,
the
ou
t
pu
t
current
of
VFD
is
no
ns
in
usoidal
w
hic
h
is
directl
y
fed
t
o
th
e
inducti
on
m
oto
r
.
T
he
ha
rm
onic
s
in
t
he
m
ot
or
c
urre
nt
res
ul
ts
in
heati
ng
of
the
mo
t
or.
Fe
w
stu
dies
have
bee
n
repor
te
d
on
act
ive
filt
ers
co
nnect
ed
t
o
m
ot
or
sid
e
in
orde
r
to
pr
ov
i
de
f
undame
ntal
c
urren
t
to the
mo
t
or [1
9
-
21].
In
t
his
pa
per,
a
VFD
co
ntr
olled
i
nducti
on
mot
or
is
c
onnecte
d
to
t
he
gri
d.
With
the
help
of
t
he
act
ive
filt
er
on
the
m
otor
si
de,
the
ha
rm
on
ic
s
in
th
e
cu
r
ren
t
at
t
he
outp
ut
of
the
dr
i
ve
will
be
e
li
minate
d,
pr
ovidin
g
on
l
y
the
fun
da
mental
cu
rr
e
nt
to
the
in
duct
ion
mo
t
or.
T
wo
con
t
ro
l
strat
e
gies
na
mely,
s
yn
c
hro
nous
refe
ren
ce
fr
ame
the
ory
(
SRF
T
)
an
d
i
ns
ta
ntane
ous
re
ac
ti
ve
powe
r
t
he
ory
(I
RP
T)
a
re
us
e
d.
The
or
ga
nizat
ion
of
th
e
pa
per
is
as
fo
ll
ow
s:
S
tudy
s
ys
te
m
is
giv
e
n
i
n
Sect
io
n
2.
Sect
io
n
3
pro
vid
es
the
c
on
t
ro
l
of
act
iv
e
shu
nt
filt
er.
S
ect
ion
4 pr
ese
nts t
he
r
esults an
d disc
us
sio
ns
.
Co
ncl
us
io
ns
a
re
dr
a
wn in se
ct
ion 5
.
2.
SY
STE
M CO
NFIGU
RA
TI
ON
Gen
e
ral
c
onfi
gurati
on
of
m
otor
si
de
act
iv
e
filt
er
is
as
s
how
n
i
n
Fi
g
ure
1.
Her
e
act
ive
filt
er
is
connecte
d
in
s
hunt
c
onfig
ura
ti
on
at
outp
ut
of
va
riable
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
dr
i
ve.
An
in
du
ct
i
on
mo
to
r
is
co
nne
ct
ed
at
t
he
outp
ut
of
t
he
dr
i
ve.
T
he
main
ob
je
ct
ive
of
act
ive
filt
er
is
to
deliver
pure
sin
us
oi
dal
current
t
o
the
mo
to
r.
Acti
ve
filt
er
c
on
sist
s
of
t
hr
e
e
-
phase
volt
ag
e
sourc
e
c
onve
rter
c
onsist
in
g
of
six
I
GBT
s.
S
witc
hing
of
thes
e
IG
BTs
a
re
real
iz
ed
from
P
W
M
.
T
he
co
n
tr
ol
sig
nal
t
o
PWM
is
ta
ken
fro
m
ref
e
ren
ce
si
gn
al
gen
e
rato
r
w
hich
gen
e
rates
ref
e
r
ence
sig
nal
us
ing
ei
the
r
SRF
T
or
IRP
T
[22
-
23]
.
At
ac
si
de
,
in
duct
ors
a
r
e
use
d
to
filt
er
hi
gh
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
c
ompone
nts.
Figure
1.
Sc
he
mati
c d
ia
gram
of the st
udy sy
ste
m w
it
h ac
ti
ve
pow
e
r fil
te
r
3.
CONTR
OL
A
LGORIT
HM
S
In
order
t
o
pr
ov
i
de
f
unda
me
ntal
current
f
or
the
m
otor
usi
ng
s
hunt
act
ive
filt
er,
it
is
importa
nt
to
ob
ta
in
ha
rm
onic
compo
nen
t
of
lo
ad
c
urre
nt,
as
filt
er
has
t
o
injec
t
the
ant
i
-
harmo
nic
co
mpon
e
nt
at
outpu
t
of
the
dr
iv
e.
Tw
o
co
ntr
ol
strat
e
gi
es
ha
ve
bee
n
us
e
d
to
gen
e
rat
e
the
re
fer
e
nce
sig
nal
wh
ic
h
consi
sts
of
ha
r
monic
com
pone
nt of t
he
loa
d
c
urre
nt
.
3.1.
Synchro
nous
reference
fr
am
e
th
e
ory
(SRF)
This
the
ory
in
vo
l
ves
tra
nsfo
r
ming
th
e
cu
rr
e
nts
in
3
-
ph
ase
domain
i
nto
s
yn
c
hro
nous
l
y
r
otati
ng
d
-
q
fr
ame
[2].
I
np
uts
t
o
t
he
c
ontrolle
r
are
the
ou
t
pu
t
cu
rr
e
nts
of
VFD
fee
di
ng
the
m
ot
or
a
nd
the
ro
t
or
a
ng
le
at
each
in
sta
nt.
R
otor
a
ng
le
is
proces
sed
to
ob
ta
in
the
si
ne
a
nd
the
cosi
ne
sign
al
s
re
qu
ir
e
d
for
the
c
onve
rsion.
The
c
urren
t
si
gn
al
s
a
re
us
e
d
to
ge
ner
at
e
t
he
ref
e
ren
ce
sig
na
ls
for
the
act
i
ve
filt
er.
To
ge
ner
at
e
the
se
si
gn
al
s
,
the
curre
nts
in 3
-
phase
ac
do
main
is
trans
f
orme
d
to
α
-
β
domain u
sin
g
Cl
ark’s
tra
ns
f
ormat
ion
a
nd
t
he
n
to
the
d
-
q
domain
usi
ng
Par
k’s
tr
ansfo
rmati
on
[24].
T
he
dq
currents
are
f
il
te
red
to
obta
in
the
f
unda
mental
com
pone
nt
of
the
cu
rr
e
nt.
T
hi
s
is
then
tra
ns
f
ormed
bac
k
to 3
-
phase
ac
an
d
su
bt
racted f
r
om
the
loa
d
cu
rrent
in
order
t
o
obta
i
n
ha
rm
onic
co
mpon
e
nts.
It
is
then
fed
to
t
he
PWM
si
gnal
ge
ner
at
or
to
ge
ner
at
e
th
e
final
switc
hing si
gnal
s f
or t
he
in
ve
rter.
Cl
ar
k’s T
r
ansfo
rmati
on i
s g
i
ven by
(1).
[
0
]
=
√
2
3
[
1
√
2
⁄
1
√
2
⁄
1
√
2
⁄
1
−
1
2
⁄
−
1
2
⁄
0
√
3
2
⁄
−
√
3
2
⁄
]
[
]
(1)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8
694
Motor si
de
a
ct
i
ve p
ower fi
lt
er for ind
uction
mo
t
or
(
H
.V.
Gururaj
a
R
ao
)
1713
The
c
urre
nt in α
-
β
frame is
conv
e
rted
to d
-
q fr
ame
usi
ng Pa
rk’s
tra
nsfo
rme
r
as s
how
n
i
n (
2).
[
]
=
[
cos
sin
−
sin
cos
]
[
]
(2)
So
,
on
ce
we
ob
ta
in
c
urren
t
in
dq
f
rame
then
it
is
filt
er
ed
us
i
ng
lo
w
pass
filt
er
(LPF)
t
o
obta
i
n
fun
dame
ntal
com
pone
nt
an
d
is
again
c
onve
r
te
d
to
t
hr
ee
ph
ase
f
undame
nt
al
current
(
i
Sa
,
i
Sb
,
i
Sc
)
us
in
g
I
nv
e
rse
Cl
ark
e’s
an
d
Par
k’
s
t
ran
s
f
ormat
ion
.
T
he
c
ompen
sat
ing
c
urren
ts
are
obta
ined
by
s
ub
t
r
act
ing
the
ext
r
act
ed
fun
dame
ntal
current
from
the
outp
ut
cu
rr
e
nt
s
of
VF
D
.
T
he
blo
c
k
diag
ram
of
s
yn
c
hro
nous
ref
e
re
nce
the
ory
i
s
as sho
wn in Fi
gure
2.
Figure
2.
Bl
oc
k diag
ram of
S
RF the
ory [2]
3.2.
Instan
ten
ou
s
reacti
ve
p
owe
r th
e
ory
(
IRP
T)
The
p
-
q
the
ory
is
base
d
on
instanta
ne
ous
powe
rs
de
fine
d
in
the
ti
me
domain
[22].
I
n
p
-
q
t
heor
y,
load
c
urre
nt
a
nd
loa
d
vo
lt
a
ge
are
c
onve
rte
d
from
a
bc
co
ordinates
t
o
α
-
β
co
ordin
at
es
and
the
n
t
o
powe
rs
(acti
ve
an
d
re
act
ive).
I
n
thi
s
coor
din
at
e,
powe
r
is
filt
e
red
th
r
ough
the
lo
w
pass
filt
er
to
obta
in
the
f
un
dame
ntal
com
pone
nt
of
powe
r
w
hich
is
then
co
nvert
ed
to
f
undame
ntal
curre
nts
in
α
-
β
.
T
hese
curren
t
sign
al
s
are
a
ga
in
trans
forme
d
from
α
-
β
to
a
bc
co
ordinates
.
It
is
then
subt
racted
f
rom
th
e
main
co
mpo
nen
t
to
e
xtract the
h
a
r
monic co
m
pone
nt in
t
he
l
oad
current.
T
he block dia
gr
a
m
of
IRPT
is as s
ho
wn in Fi
gure
3.
Figure
3.
Bl
oc
k diag
ram of
IR
PT T
heory [
2]
Power
i
n
t
he α
β is cal
culat
ed
as
(
3)
.
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S
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:
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-
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694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
Dr
i
S
ys
t
,
V
ol
.
1
1
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
17
11
–
17
18
1714
[
0
]
=
[
0
0
0
0
0
−
]
[
0
]
(3)
This
power
th
at
is
ob
ta
ine
d
by
this
c
onve
r
sion
is
filt
ered
thr
ough
lo
w
pa
ss
filt
er.
T
he
filt
ered
powe
r
is
now
conve
rted bac
k t
o
the
curre
nt i
n αβ
domain
as
p
e
r
the
formul
a
(
4)
.
[
]
=
(
1
2
+
2
)
[
−
]
[
]
(4)
4.
RESU
LT
S
A
ND D
I
SCUS
S
ION
The
i
nductio
n
mo
t
or
dr
i
ve
c
onsist
s
of
12
-
pulse
recti
fier
c
onnecte
d
to
the
inv
e
rter
t
hro
ugh
dc
li
nk
capaci
tor
.
Si
nuso
i
dal
S
PWM
s
witc
hing
i
s
us
e
d
f
or
a
2
-
le
vel
in
ver
te
r
wit
h
V/f
c
ontr
ol.
M
ot
or
wh
ic
h
is
connecte
d
t
o
the
sy
ste
m
is
pre
-
de
fine
d
m
otor
in
MATL
AB
[25]
with
the
powe
r
rati
ng
of
160k
W.
M
ot
or
si
de
act
ive
filt
er
con
sist
s
of
t
he
vo
lt
age
sour
ce
inv
e
rter.
T
he
main
pur
pose
of
M
S
AP
F
is
to
el
imi
na
te
the
harmo
nics
pr
e
sent
in
the
m
ot
or
c
urre
nt
a
nd
to
e
nsure
that
the
fun
dame
nt
al
sinu
s
oid
al
current
flo
ws
in
the
mo
to
r.
T
hree
cases
are
co
ns
i
de
red
:
1)
s
ys
te
m
with
ou
t
M
S
AP
F
,
2)
s
ys
te
m
with
M
S
APF
us
in
g
SRF
te
chn
i
qu
e
and
,
3)
s
ys
te
m
with
M
S
AP
F
u
sing IRPT
tech
nique.
4.1.
System
witho
ut
act
i
ve fil
ter
The
mo
t
or
c
ur
ren
t
a
nd
it
s
f
r
equ
e
nc
y
s
pectr
um
with
ou
t
t
he
presence
of
M
S
AP
F
in
t
he
sy
ste
m
is
sh
ow
n
in
the
F
igure
4.
It
is
obser
ve
d
that
t
he
ste
ad
y
sta
te
mo
to
r
c
urre
nt
is
not
sin
usoida
l.
It
is
al
so
see
n
f
r
om
the
FFT
anal
ysi
s
of
t
he
m
otor
curre
nt
that
th
e
TH
D
of
th
e
current
i
n
the
mo
to
r
si
de
is
13.
44%
an
d
t
he
pea
k
amplit
ude
of
f
undame
ntal
c
urre
nt
is
385.9
A.
T
hese
ha
rm
on
ic
s
are
main
ly
due
t
o
s
witc
hing
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
of
the
dr
i
ve
s
ys
te
m.
Accor
ding
to
I
EEE
-
519
sta
nd
a
rd
s
,
the
cu
rr
e
nt
dist
or
ti
on
s
houl
d
be
within
±5%.
T
he
dist
or
ti
on
is 1
3.44
%
whi
ch
is
more th
an
5
%
. Hence
, the
re is a
nee
d
t
o re
du
ce
h
a
rm
onic
d
ist
or
ti
on
of m
otor c
urren
t
.
Figure
4
.
Stea
dy stat
e m
otor c
urren
t a
nd it
s F
FT s
pectr
um
w
it
ho
ut
MSA
PF
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
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ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
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88
-
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694
Motor si
de
a
ct
i
ve p
ower fi
lt
er for ind
uction
mo
t
or
(
H
.V.
Gururaj
a
R
ao
)
1715
4.2.
Act
i
ve
p
ower
filter
usin
g S
RF
techniq
ue
The
f
unda
ment
al
cu
rr
e
nt
e
xtra
ct
ed
from
the
ou
t
pu
t
c
urren
t
of
VF
D
with
the
help
of
t
he
sy
nc
hro
nous
ref
e
ren
ce
t
heor
y
an
d
it
s
harm
on
ic
s
pectr
um
are
sho
wn
in
F
igure
5.
The
a
mp
li
tud
e
of
th
e
fund
a
me
ntal
current
is 3
85.9 A
whi
ch
is sa
me as
that of t
he
m
otor w
it
ho
ut
M
S
A
PF
as
sho
wn in
Fig
ur
e
4.
Figure
5
.
Ext
ra
ct
ion
of funda
mental
c
urren
t
from
t
he
loa
d c
urren
t a
nd it
s F
FT
Wh
e
n
t
his
f
un
dame
ntal
cu
rr
e
nt
is
subtract
e
d
f
r
om
t
he
loa
d
c
urren
t,
the
com
pensat
ing
current
w
hich
consi
sts
of
ha
r
monics
exce
pt
fun
dame
ntal
is
ob
ta
in
ed
.
Fig
ure
6
s
how
s
the
com
pensat
ing
current
a
nd
it
s
FFT.
It
is
obser
ve
d
that
the
f
unda
mental
cu
rr
e
nt
(
0.027
89)
i
s
ne
gligible
a
nd
i
ndic
at
es
that
only
t
he
ha
rm
on
ic
current
is
e
xtra
ct
ed
f
rom
the
l
oad
c
urre
nt.
T
his
is
the
ref
e
r
ence
c
urren
t
si
gn
al
for
the
act
ive
powe
r
filt
er.
T
his
current
will
b
e
injec
te
d by P
W
M
in
ver
te
r
i
nto
t
he
s
ys
te
m.
The
c
urren
t
fe
d
to
t
he
m
otor
and
it
s
fr
e
quen
cy
s
pectr
um
w
hen
MSA
PF
is
co
nn
ect
e
d
is
a
s
show
n
i
n
Figure
7.
It
is
ob
s
er
ved
that
t
he
TH
D
is
0.1
3%
w
hich
is
ve
ry
m
uc
h
le
ss
t
han
the
T
HD
without
MSA
P
F.
The
mo
to
r
c
urre
nt is now co
m
po
s
ed of
fundame
ntal com
po
nent
o
f
39
3.6 A
with n
e
gligible
harm
on
ic
s.
4.3.
Act
i
ve
p
ower
filter
usin
g
I
R
PT tech
nique
In
sta
ntane
ous rea
ct
ive pow
e
r
t
heor
y
is use
d
t
o
ge
ne
rate t
he refe
ren
ce
sig
na
l fo
r
the inve
rter.
Fi
gure
8
sh
ows
the
re
f
eren
ce
c
urren
t
sig
nal
(c
omp
ensati
ng
c
urre
nt)
obta
ine
d
usi
ng
IRP
T
the
ory
a
nd
it
s
ha
rm
on
ic
sp
ect
r
um
.
T
H
D
of
co
mp
e
nsa
ti
ng
c
urre
nt
s
hows
a
fun
d
a
mental
c
omponent
of
7A
w
hich
in
dicat
es
that
the
extracti
on
of ha
rm
on
ic
c
omp
on
e
nts is
not as
good a
s SRF
techn
i
qu
e
.
Figure
9
s
how
the
m
ot
or
c
ur
ren
t
a
nd
the
ha
rm
on
ic
s
pectr
um
w
hen
M
S
AP
F
is
c
onnec
te
d
acr
os
s
it
.
THD
of
m
otor
current
is
0.1
9%
wit
h
a
f
unda
ment
al
c
omp
onent
of
38
3.6
A.
It
is
see
n
th
at
the
mo
t
or
c
urre
nt
is
com
posed
of
mainly t
he fu
ndame
ntal o
nly
with the
n
e
glig
ible ha
rm
on
ic
s
present.
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IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
Dr
i
S
ys
t
,
V
ol
.
1
1
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
17
11
–
17
18
1716
Figure
6
.
Com
pensat
ing cu
rr
e
nt and its
FFT
Figure
7
.
Stea
dy stat
e m
otor c
urren
t
with M
S
AP
F
u
si
ng SR
F the
ory
a
nd th
e FFT
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8
694
Motor si
de
a
ct
i
ve p
ower fi
lt
er for ind
uction
mo
t
or
(
H
.V.
Gururaj
a
R
ao
)
1717
Figure
8. Com
pensat
ing cu
rr
e
nt and its
FFT
Figure
9
.
Stea
dy stat
e m
otor c
urren
t
with
MS
AP
F
u
si
ng I
RP
T the
ory
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
Dr
i
S
ys
t
,
V
ol
.
1
1
, N
o.
4
,
D
ecembe
r
2020
:
17
11
–
17
18
1718
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
An
act
ive
s
hu
nt
filt
er
c
onne
ct
ed
t
o
t
he
the
m
otor
side
is
desig
ne
d
a
nd
s
imulat
ed.
T
he
ob
je
ct
ive
of
this
act
ive
filt
er
is
to
prov
i
de
f
unda
mental
cu
rr
e
nt
to
the
in
du
ct
i
on
m
ot
or
s
o
t
hat
t
he
mo
to
r
cu
rr
e
nt
is
f
ree
from
t
he
ha
rm
on
ic
s
t
hat
is
pr
esent
in
t
he
s
yst
em.
Tw
o
c
ontrol
met
hodolo
gies
ha
ve
bee
n
impleme
nted
name
ly
sy
nc
hro
nous re
fer
e
nce th
e
ory a
nd instanta
ne
ou
s
po
wer
t
heory
f
or
t
he
ge
ne
rati
on
of r
e
fer
e
nce c
urren
t si
gnal
t
o
PWM
c
onve
rt
er.
B
oth
the
se
co
ntr
ollers
pe
rform
sat
isfa
ct
or
il
y
by
sig
nificantl
y
r
ed
uc
ing
the
T
HD
of
t
he
current
s
upplied
t
o
the
in
duct
ion
m
oto
r
.
But
it
is
seen
that
SRF
met
hod
ha
s
t
he
be
tt
er
ext
racti
on
of
t
he
fun
dame
ntal
com
pone
nt
as
i
t
dep
e
nds
only
on
V
FD
cu
r
ren
t
w
her
eas
I
RPT
de
pe
nds
on
both
cu
rr
e
nt
an
d
vo
lt
age
of t
he VF
D.
D
ue
to
this SRF
sho
ws
b
et
te
r
c
ontr
ol than IRP
T.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Math
H.J.
Boll
e
n,
“Und
ersta
ndi
ng
Pow
er
Qual
ity Problem
s”
,
I
E
EE
Press
,
2000.
[2]
Bhim
Singh,
Ambrish
Chandr
a,
Kamal
Al
-
Had
dad,
“Power
Qu
al
it
y
Problem
s
a
nd
Miti
ga
ti
on
T
ec
hniqu
es”
Wi
ley
,
978
-
1
-
118
-
92205
-
7.
[3]
Arinda
m
Ghos
h,
“Power
Qua
li
ty
Enha
nc
em
en
t
us
ing
Custom
Po
wer
Devi
ce
s”
,
K
lu
wer
Ac
ad
emic Publisher
,
2002
.
[4]
Ewa
ld
F.
Fuch
s,
Moham
ma
d
A.S.
Masoum,
“Power
Qual
it
y
in
Pow
er
sys
t
em
s
and
El
e
ct
r
ic
a
l
Ma
chi
nes”
,
El
sev
ie
r A
cade
m
ic
Press
,
2008.
[5]
K.
R.
Pad
iya
r
,
“FACTS
con
trol
lers
in
po
wer
tra
nsm
ission
and
distr
ib
uti
on”
,
New
A
ge
Int
ernati
ona
l
Publ
isher
,
2008.
[6]
Madhu
B.
R.
,
Di
nesh
M.
N,
R
avitheja
B.
M,
“De
sign
of
Shunt
Hy
brid
Acti
v
e
Pow
er
Filt
er
to
Redu
ce
Har
moni
cs
on
AC
side
Due
to
Nonlin
ea
r
L
oads”
,
Int.
Jou
rnal
of
Powe
r
Elec
troni
cs
&
Dr
iv
e
s
yste
ms
,
vol
.
9
,
n
o
.
4,
pp.
1926
-
1936
,
2018.
[7]
Jinn
-
Chang
Wu,
Hurng
-
Liahng
J
ou,
Y
a
-
Tsung
Feng,
W
en
-
Pin
Hs
u,
Min
-
Sheng
Huang,
and
W
e
n
-
Jet
Hou
,
“Nov
el
Circ
uit To
po
log
y
for
Th
ree
-
Phas
e
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