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r
is
p
r
ese
n
ted
b
y
[
2
6
]
.
I
n
th
e
li
ter
atu
r
e
[
2
7
]
,
a
n
e
w
c
o
n
tr
o
l stra
teg
y
ca
lled
"
p
r
ed
icti
v
e
DP
C
tec
h
n
iq
u
e"
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
W
M
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
i
n
v
er
ter
s
(
V
SI’
s
)
.
T
h
e
id
ea
w
as
to
d
esi
g
n
a
s
i
m
p
le
m
at
h
e
m
atic
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
m
o
d
el
h
as
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
esti
m
ate
t
h
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
v
o
ltag
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
at
ev
er
y
s
a
m
p
lin
g
ti
m
e
w
h
ic
h
u
lti
m
atel
y
lead
s
to
th
e
ca
n
ce
ll
atio
n
o
f
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
er
r
o
r
s
.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
an
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
co
n
tr
o
l c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
at
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ates p
r
ed
i
ctiv
e
DP
C
co
n
tr
o
l
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
in
t
h
e
f
ield
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
il
ter
in
g
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
an
d
t
h
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
s
tu
d
y
w
h
ich
w
il
l
p
r
esen
t
an
d
illu
s
tr
ate
in
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
ex
h
ib
it sat
is
f
ac
to
r
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
w
it
h
h
ig
h
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
eli
m
i
n
atio
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
.
2.
SYST
E
M
T
O
P
O
L
O
G
Y
D
E
SCRI
P
T
I
O
N
AND
M
O
DE
L
I
NG
2
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
em
de
s
cr
iptio
n
T
h
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ad
o
p
ted
s
y
s
te
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e3
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
i
s
ts
m
ain
l
y
o
f
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
a
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
lo
ad
an
d
s
h
u
n
t a
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
il
ter
(
SA
P
F)
u
n
i
t.
B
o
th
g
r
id
an
d
S
A
P
F u
n
it s
u
p
p
l
y
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
p
u
r
e
s
i
n
e
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
f
o
r
lin
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
e
n
s
a
ti
o
n
in
t
h
e
g
r
id
s
id
e.
W
e
h
av
e
a
s
s
u
m
ed
th
at
th
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
is
b
alan
ce
d
a
n
d
s
u
n
u
s
o
id
al
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
s
e
r
ies
w
it
h
w
it
h
li
n
e
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
.
T
h
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
n
u
n
co
n
tr
o
lled
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
r
ec
tif
ier
w
it
h
an
in
d
u
cti
v
e
lo
ad
.
I
n
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
er
e
is
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
co
u
p
lin
g
p
o
in
t
(
P
C
C
)
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
.
As
w
ell
th
er
e
is
f
il
ter
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
its
e
m
p
lace
m
e
n
t
b
et
wee
n
P
W
M
in
v
er
ter
an
d
P
C
C
n
o
d
e
an
d
t
h
is
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
ca
n
co
n
s
id
er
a
s
a
c
o
n
tr
o
lled
cu
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
(
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e1
)
w
h
ich
ca
n
g
en
er
ate
th
e
s
h
ap
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
q
u
iv
ale
n
t
ci
r
cu
it o
f
s
h
u
n
t p
o
w
er
f
iltri
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
.
a.
M
a
t
he
m
a
t
ica
l
m
o
del o
f
SAPF
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
ese
n
ts
t
h
e
d
e
tailed
m
a
th
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
p
ar
ts
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Har
m
o
n
ic
eli
m
i
n
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
b
y
Fig
u
r
e
3.
Deta
iled
s
ch
e
m
e
f
o
r
s
h
u
n
t a
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
il
ter
u
s
i
n
g
S
A
P
F
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
668
–
678
670
T
h
e
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
es
s
ed
as f
o
llo
w
:
(
1
)
W
e
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
s
u
p
p
l
y
s
y
s
te
m
as s
y
m
m
etr
ical
b
alan
ce
d
s
o
u
r
ce
:
(
2
)
Fro
m
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
an
d
b
y
n
e
g
lecti
n
g
s
o
u
r
ce
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
ca
n
f
i
n
d
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
t
h
at
li
n
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
an
d
S
A
P
F u
n
it.
(
3
)
W
h
er
e:
is
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
is
th
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
d
etailled
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
E
q
.
3
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itte
n
i
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
p
atter
n
:
(
4
)
T
h
e
s
u
m
o
f
th
e
f
ir
s
t t
h
r
ee
eq
u
a
tio
n
s
i
n
E
q
.
4
lead
s
to
:
(
5
)
Su
b
s
ti
tu
t
in
g
E
q
.
5
in
E
q
.
4
y
ie
ld
s
(
6
)
C
an
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
co
n
tr
o
l si
g
n
a
l
s
as f
o
llo
w
(
7
)
W
ith
:
;
An
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
P
r
ed
ictive
A
p
p
r
o
a
ch
fo
r
P
o
w
er Qu
a
lity imp
r
o
ve
men
t B
a
s
ed
......
(
Ho
u
s
s
a
m
E
d
d
in
e
Med
o
u
c
e
)
671
T
h
e
Sh
u
n
t
A
cti
v
e
P
o
w
er
Fi
lte
r
(
SA
P
F)
ca
n
b
e
r
eg
ar
d
ed
as
a
co
n
tr
o
lled
cu
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
t
h
at
g
en
er
ate
s
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
f
ilter
cu
r
r
en
t t
h
at
is
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
as t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
i
c
cu
r
r
en
t a
b
s
o
r
b
ed
b
y
th
e
co
n
t
a
m
i
n
ated
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
b
ased
o
n
p
o
w
er
q
u
an
t
ities
,
it
i
s
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
i
n
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
p
o
w
er
b
alan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
m
itted
b
y
t
h
e
g
r
id
an
d
S
A
P
F
u
n
it
an
d
p
o
w
er
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
b
y
lo
ad
.
W
it
h
th
e
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
th
at
,
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
d
eliv
er
ed
p
o
w
er
s
b
y
t
h
e
g
r
id
a
n
d
,
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
cti
v
e
g
en
er
ated
p
o
w
er
s
b
y
t
h
e
f
ilter
an
d
,
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
ac
t
iv
e
an
d
r
ea
cti
v
e
co
n
s
u
m
ed
p
o
w
er
s
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
SA
P
S
is
to
c
o
m
p
en
s
ate
o
f
th
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
an
d
t
h
e
m
i
tig
a
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
ts
.
T
h
is
tar
g
e
t
i
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
if
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
o
n
th
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
is
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
to
b
e
eq
u
al
to
th
e
D
C
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t i
n
t
h
e
lo
ad
s
id
e
an
d
g
r
id
s
id
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
eq
u
al
to
ze
r
o
.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
th
i
s
c
o
n
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
d
r
a
wn
b
y
lo
ad
m
u
s
t
b
e
f
u
l
l
y
p
o
w
er
ed
b
y
th
e
S
A
P
F
u
n
it.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
b
alan
ce
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itte
n
in
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
f
o
r
m
:
;
;
(
8)
(9
)
3.
T
H
E
CO
N
T
RO
L
D
E
S
I
G
N
O
F
SAPF
3
.
1
.
Co
nv
ent
i
o
na
l dire
ct
po
w
er
co
ntr
o
l
T
h
e
in
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
p
o
w
er
ca
lc
u
latio
n
n
ee
d
s
a
n
al
g
eb
r
aic
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
C
o
n
co
r
d
ia
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
)
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
s
an
d
th
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ates to
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ates.
;
(
1
0
)
W
ith
:
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
i
n
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
s
v
al
u
es a
r
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as [
7
]
:
(
1
1
)
I
n
s
ta
n
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
w
er
er
r
o
r
s
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
:
(
1
2
)
Dig
itized
p
o
w
er
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
als
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
as:
(
13)
W
h
er
e
an
d
ar
e
th
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
an
d
s
.
T
h
e
DP
C
co
n
tr
o
ller
h
as
t
h
r
ee
m
ai
n
i
n
p
u
ts
:
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
v
ec
to
r
an
d
d
ig
itize
d
p
o
w
er
er
r
o
r
s
an
d
.
T
h
e
d
i
g
itized
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
als
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
s
to
in
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
p
o
w
er
er
r
o
r
s
an
d
th
e
p
o
s
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
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8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
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Dr
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t
,
Vo
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9
,
No
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2
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J
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2
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1
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:
668
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674
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b
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d
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Fig
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d
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ter
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8
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6
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I
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E
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5
1
9
)
.
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v
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th
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th
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l
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ter
m
s
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f
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g
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w
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h
1
.
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2
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7
0
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An
d
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n
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(
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ase
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t
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V]
,
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d
)
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b
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I
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P
o
w
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lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
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2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
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:
668
–
678
676
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a)
(
c)
(
b
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(
d
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Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
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r
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s
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t
s
ta
te
p
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f
o
r
m
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ce
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p
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ase
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b
y
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s
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g
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n
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C
(
a)
g
r
id
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r
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(
b
)
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p
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er
[
W
]
(
c)
ca
p
ac
ito
r
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e[
V]
,
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d
)
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in
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cti
v
e
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er
[
VAR
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a)
(
c)
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b
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d
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u
r
e
1
2
.
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r
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s
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t
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ase
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r
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V]
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d
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o
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er
[
VAR
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a)
(
b
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c)
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
Sp
ec
tr
u
m
h
ar
m
o
n
i
c
an
al
y
s
is
f
o
r
lin
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t p
h
a
s
e
-
A
(
a)
b
ef
o
r
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
(
b
)
f
iltrin
g
u
s
in
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co
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v
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n
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n
al
-
DP
C
s
tr
ateg
y
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c)
f
iltrin
g
u
s
i
n
g
p
r
ed
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v
e
-
DP
C
s
tr
ate
g
y
.
As
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
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lt
s
,
d
u
r
in
g
s
tar
t
u
p
an
d
tr
an
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ie
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t
s
tate
o
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in
ca
s
e
o
f
ch
an
g
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f
lo
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o
r
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p
ac
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r
v
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e
t
w
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co
n
tr
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l
s
tr
ate
g
ie
s
co
n
v
er
g
e
to
s
i
m
ilar
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es
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lts
,
w
h
ich
m
ea
n
s
s
i
m
ilar
it
y
o
f
ti
m
e
r
esp
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n
s
e
(
)
ar
o
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n
d
3
c
y
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o
f
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ai
n
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r
ief
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y
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r
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co
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f
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ig
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m
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r
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m
en
t
f
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th
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s
tead
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t
ate
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n
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
h
as
b
ee
n
d
escr
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an
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m
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co
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f
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g
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r
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r
th
e
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r
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p
h
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s
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A
P
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ased
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a
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ap
p
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.
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h
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ap
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I
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P
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w
E
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&
Dr
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SS
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ap
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u
m
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ar
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s
:
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p
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ip
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s
m
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t,
lo
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HD
f
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to
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s
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s
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eq
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f
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eq
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e
n
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
.
Ch
a
o
u
i,
J.
P
.
G
a
u
b
e
rt,
F
.
Krim
,
a
n
d
G
.
Ch
a
m
p
e
n
o
is,
“
P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
ll
e
d
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
sh
u
n
t
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
il
ter
f
o
r
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
li
ty
im
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t,
”
El
e
c
tric P
o
we
r Co
mp
o
n
e
n
ts
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
3
5
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
3
1
–
1
3
4
4
,
2
0
0
7
.
[2
]
M.
Iz
h
a
r
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Per
fo
rm
a
n
c
e
f
o
r
p
a
ss
ive
a
n
d
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
we
r fi
lt
e
r in
re
d
u
c
in
g
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
i
n
t
h
e
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
,
”
in
P
o
w
e
r
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
2
0
0
4
.
P
EC
o
n
2
0
0
4
.
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s.
Na
ti
o
n
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l
,
2
0
0
4
,
p
p
.
1
0
4
–
1
0
8
.
[3
]
M
.
Ro
u
ti
m
o
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
v
o
lt
a
g
e
-
so
u
rc
e
a
n
d
c
u
rre
n
t
-
so
u
rc
e
sh
u
n
t
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
il
ters
,
”
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
2
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
6
3
6
–
6
4
3
,
2
0
0
7
.
[4
]
L
.
Gy
u
g
y
i
a
n
d
E.
C.
S
try
c
u
la,
“
Ac
ti
v
e
a
c
p
o
w
e
r
f
il
ters
,
”
in
Pro
c
.
IEE
E/
IAS
An
n
u
.
M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
1
9
7
6
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
p
p
.
5
2
9
–
5
3
5
.
[5
]
N.
M
o
h
a
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
c
ti
v
e
-
f
il
ters
f
o
r
a
c
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
su
p
p
re
ss
io
n
,
”
i
n
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
we
r
Ap
p
a
ra
t
u
s
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
,
1
9
7
7
,
v
o
l.
9
6
,
p
p
.
1
0
6
8
–
1
0
6
9
.
[6
]
H.
A
k
a
g
i
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
G
e
n
e
ra
li
z
e
d
th
e
o
ry
o
f
th
e
in
sta
n
tan
e
o
u
s
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
in
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
c
ircu
it
s,”
in
IPE
C
,
1
9
8
3
,
v
o
l.
8
3
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
5
–
1
3
8
6
.
[7
]
H.
Ak
a
g
i
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
In
sta
n
tan
e
o
u
s
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
to
rs
c
o
m
p
risin
g
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
d
e
v
ice
s
w
i
th
o
u
t
e
n
e
rg
y
sto
ra
g
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts,
”
In
d
u
s
try
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
,
[8
]
J.
D.
V
a
n
W
y
k
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
im
u
latio
n
a
n
d
e
x
p
e
rim
e
n
tal
stu
d
y
o
f
a
re
a
c
ti
v
e
l
y
lo
a
d
e
d
P
W
M
c
o
n
v
e
rter
a
s
a
f
a
st
so
u
rc
e
o
f
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r,
”
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
2
–
1
0
9
0
,
1
9
8
6
.
[9
]
W.
M
.
G
ra
d
y
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
u
rv
e
y
o
f
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
li
n
e
c
o
n
d
it
io
n
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
,
”
Po
we
r
D
e
li
v
e
ry
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
5
3
6
–
1
5
4
2
,
1
9
9
0
[1
0
]
E.
H.
W
a
tan
a
b
e
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Ne
w
c
o
n
c
e
p
ts
o
f
in
sta
n
tan
e
o
u
s
a
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
rs
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
sy
ste
m
s
w
it
h
g
e
n
e
ric l
o
a
d
s,”
Po
we
r De
li
v
e
ry
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
6
9
7
–
7
0
3
,
1
9
9
3
.
[1
1
]
M
.
A
re
d
e
s
a
n
d
E.
H.
W
a
tan
a
b
e
,
“
Ne
w
c
o
n
tro
l
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
f
o
r
se
ri
e
s
a
n
d
sh
u
n
t
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
f
o
u
r
-
w
ir
e
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
il
ters
,
”
Po
we
r De
li
v
e
r
y
,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
6
4
9
–
1
6
5
6
,
1
9
9
5
.
[1
2
]
F
.
Z.
P
e
n
g
a
n
d
J.
-
S
.
L
a
i,
“
Ge
n
e
ra
li
z
e
d
in
sta
n
tan
e
o
u
s
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
th
e
o
ry
f
o
r
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
s,”
In
stru
me
n
ta
ti
o
n
a
n
d
M
e
a
su
re
me
n
t,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
,
v
o
l.
4
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
9
3
–
2
9
7
,
1
9
9
6
.
[1
3
]
F
.
Z.
P
e
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ha
r
m
o
n
ic
a
n
d
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
g
e
n
e
ra
li
z
e
d
in
sta
n
tan
e
o
u
s
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
th
e
o
ry
f
o
r
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
f
o
u
r
-
w
ire
s
y
st
e
m
s,”
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
1
7
4
–
1
1
8
1
,
1
9
9
8
.
[1
4
]
S
.
Bh
a
tt
a
c
h
a
ry
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
f
ra
m
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
iso
lato
r
u
si
n
g
a
c
ti
v
e
se
ries
f
il
ter,”
in
Eu
ro
p
e
a
n
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
p
o
we
r ele
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
1
9
9
1
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
p
p
.
0
3
0
–
0
3
5
.
[1
5
]
S
.
Bh
a
t
tac
h
a
ry
a
a
n
d
D.
Div
a
n
,
“
S
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
f
ra
m
e
b
a
se
d
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
f
o
r
a
h
y
b
rid
se
ries
a
c
ti
v
e
f
il
ter
s
y
st
e
m
,
”
in
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
1
9
9
5
.
T
h
irti
e
th
IAS
An
n
u
a
l
M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
IAS
’
9
5
.
,
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Rec
o
rd
o
f
th
e
1
9
9
5
I
EE
E
,
1
9
9
5
,
v
o
l.
3
,
p
p
.
2
5
3
1
–
2
5
4
0
.
[1
6
]
C.
L
.
Ch
e
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Re
a
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
c
u
rre
n
t
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
f
o
r
u
n
b
a
l
a
n
c
e
d
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
sy
s
tem
s
u
sin
g
th
e
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
,
”
El
e
c
tric p
o
we
r sy
ste
ms
re
se
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
6
3
–
1
7
0
,
1
9
9
3
.
[1
7
]
G
.
W
.
Ch
a
n
g
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
il
ter
re
fe
re
n
c
e
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s,”
in
Po
we
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
S
o
c
iety
S
u
mm
e
r M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
2
0
0
2
IEE
E
,
2
0
0
2
,
v
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
1
7
–
1
0
2
1
.
[
18
]
M
.
B
o
u
zid
i
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
li
d
in
g
m
o
d
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
u
si
n
g
3
D
-
S
V
M
f
o
r
T
h
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
F
o
u
r
-
L
e
g
S
h
u
n
t
A
c
ti
v
e
F
il
ter
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m (
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
4
7
–
1
5
4
,
2
0
13
.
[
19
]
Z.
Ch
a
o
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
h
u
n
t
A
c
ti
v
e
P
o
w
e
r
F
il
ter
S
y
ste
m
De
sig
n
f
o
r
I
n
ter
-
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m (
IJ
PE
DS
),
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
7
4
–
3
8
3
,
2
0
13
.
[
20
]
T
.
No
g
u
c
h
i
e
t
a
l
“
Dire
c
t
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
P
W
M
c
o
n
v
e
rter
w
it
h
o
u
t
p
o
w
e
r
-
so
u
rc
e
v
o
lt
a
g
e
se
n
s
o
rs,”
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
I
EE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
3
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
4
7
3
–
4
7
9
,
1
9
9
8
.
[
21
]
I.
T
a
k
a
h
a
sh
i
a
n
d
T
.
No
g
u
c
h
i,
“
A
n
e
w
q
u
ick
-
re
sp
o
n
se
a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
e
ff
i
c
ien
c
y
c
o
n
tro
l
stra
teg
y
o
f
a
n
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r,
”
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
8
2
0
–
8
2
7
,
1
9
8
6
.
[
22
]
A
.
Ch
a
o
u
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
D
P
C
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
a
c
ti
v
e
f
il
ter
f
o
r
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
ty
i
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
Po
we
r
&
En
e
rg
y
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
3
0
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
4
7
6
–
4
8
5
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
3
]
B.
S
.
C
h
e
n
a
n
d
G
.
Jo
o
s,
“
Dire
c
t
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
c
ti
v
e
f
il
ters
w
it
h
a
v
e
ra
g
e
d
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
re
g
u
latio
n
,
”
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
I
EE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
7
2
9
–
2
7
3
7
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
4
]
N.
M
e
sb
a
h
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Dire
c
t
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
sh
u
n
t
a
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K.
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[2
6
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Bo
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–
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