In
te
r
n
ation
a
l Jou
rn
al
o
f Po
we
r
Elec
tron
ic
s an
d
D
r
ive S
y
stem
(IJ
PED
S
)
V
o
l.
10, N
o.
4, D
e
c
e
m
ber
201
9,
pp.
2238~
22
44
ISSN: 2088-
8694,
DOI
:
10.11591
/ijpeds.
v10.
i
4.pp2238-2244
2238
Jou
rn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
:
ht
tp:
//i
a
e
score
.
com
/
j
o
u
r
na
l
s
/
i
n
d
e
x
.
p
hp/IJ
PED
S
Proportional resonant curren
t co
ntro
ller strategy
in
inverter app
l
icati
o
n
S
.
Salimin,
A
.
F.M. Noor, S
. A. Jumaat
Green
and
S
us
ta
in
abl
e
En
e
rgy
Focu
s G
r
o
u
p
(G
SE
nerg
y), F
acu
lt
y
o
f
El
ectrical
an
d
Electro
ni
c
En
g
i
neerin
g,
U
ni
vers
it
i
T
un
Hussei
n
O
n
n
M
alay
s
i
a (U
THM
)
, M
a
lay
s
i
a
Art
i
cl
e In
fo
ABSTRACT
A
r
tic
le hist
o
r
y
:
Re
ce
i
v
e
d
A
pr 17,
2
0
1
9
Re
vise
d Ju
n 2
0
,
2019
A
c
c
e
pte
d
J
u
l
24,
201
9
Th
is
p
aper
p
res
e
n
t
s
t
h
e
m
e
th
od
o
f
p
ropo
rti
o
n
a
l
reso
nant
c
u
rren
t
c
on
tr
ol
le
r
st
rateg
y
i
n
i
nverter
s
yst
e
m
app
l
i
catio
n.
I
n
t
h
is
s
tu
dy,
t
h
e
m
at
h
e
m
a
tical
mo
de
l
l
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
c
on
trolle
r
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
d
e
t
a
i
l.
T
h
i
s
is
i
mp
ort
a
nt
f
or
t
he
m
o
d
e
ll
ing
i
n
M
a
t
l
a
b
S
i
m
u
lin
k
.
N
o
w
ad
a
y
s,
t
he
d
ecrem
ent
of
p
o
w
e
r
qu
alit
y
is
easi
l
y
fo
un
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
in
verter
s
ys
tem
wh
ere
i
n
v
e
rter
e
xt
ens
i
vel
y
u
s
e
d
a
s
in
terf
ace
c
i
rcui
ts
.
T
o
s
olve
t
his
p
r
ob
le
m
,
p
roport
i
o
n
a
l
r
eso
n
an
t
current
con
t
ro
ller
i
s
th
e
so
lu
ti
on
.
At
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
eq
uency
,
t
h
i
s
co
nt
ro
l
le
r
ha
s
in
f
i
n
i
te
gai
n
w
hich
e
ns
u
r
es
a
zero
stead
y-s
t
ate
erro
r
in
a
s
tatio
nary
f
r
am
e
.
T
h
i
s
wi
ll
resu
lt
i
n
min
i
mized
l
o
a
d
curren
t
d
i
s
t
o
rti
o
n
as
w
el
l
as
t
h
e
h
arm
onic
con
t
en
ts.
At
t
he
e
nd
,
simu
lation
res
u
lt
show
s
when
u
si
ng
P
R
c
urren
t
c
ont
r
oller,
t
he
un
wan
t
ed
h
arm
o
n
i
cs
in
j
ection
are m
u
ch
redu
ced.
K
eyw
ord
s
:
Con
t
ro
ller
H
a
r
m
onic
di
s
t
ort
i
o
n
N
o
n
line
a
r
lo
a
d
P
r
op
or
tio
na
l
reson
a
n
t
Co
pyri
gh
t © 2
019 In
stit
u
t
e
of Advanced
En
gi
neeri
n
g
an
d
S
c
ien
ce.
All
rights
res
e
rv
ed.
Corres
pon
d
i
n
g
Au
th
or:
Su
ri
an
a
bi
nti
S
a
l
i
min
,
G
r
e
e
n a
nd S
u
st
aina
ble
Ener
g
y
F
oc
us G
roup
(G
S
E
nergy),
Fa
cult
y
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
rica
l
and
E
l
e
c
t
r
on
ic E
n
g
i
n
ee
rin
g
,
U
n
i
v
ersi
ti
T
un
H
u
ssei
n
O
nn
Ma
lays
ia,
86
4
00 Pa
rit Ra
ja,
Bat
u
P
ahat,
Joh
o
r,
M
ala
y
si
a.
Em
ail:
sur
i
a
n
a
@
u
t
hm.
e
du.
my
1.
I
N
TR
OD
U
C
TI
O
N
No
w
a
d
a
y
s
,
ren
e
wa
bl
e
e
n
e
r
gy
s
o
u
r
ce
s
su
ch
a
s
w
i
nd
,
sol
a
r,
h
yd
ra
ul
ic
i
n
p
o
w
e
r
ge
n
e
rati
on
has
bec
o
me
m
ore
im
porta
nt
a
s
e
n
e
r
gy
c
onsum
p
t
i
o
n
i
n
c
r
ea
ses.
T
he
o
u
t
p
u
t
c
ur
rent
f
r
o
m
the
free
e
n
ergy
so
u
r
c
e
s
a
r
e
i
n
d
i
r
e
c
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
[
1
]
.
I
n
o
r
d
e
r
t
o
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
i
n
t
o
a
l
t
erna
t
i
ve
c
urre
nt
f
or
t
rans
m
i
ssi
on,
i
nver
t
e
r
a
re
use
d
t
o
c
o
nver
t
a
n
d
i
n
t
erfa
ce
t
he
c
urre
nt
w
a
v
efor
m.
I
nvert
e
r
i
s
u
s
u
a
l
l
y
p
u
l
s
e
-
w
i
d
t
h
m
o
d
u
l
a
t
e
d
.
I
t
o
c
c
u
r
s
a
t
a
hi
gh
sw
itc
h
i
n
g
fre
que
nc
y,
e
ithe
r
c
urr
e
n
t
c
o
n
tr
ol
l
e
d
or
v
o
l
t
a
ge
co
nt
roll
ed
a
n
d
u
se
s
wh
eth
e
r
a
l
i
n
e
a
r
o
r
ca
n
b
e
no
n
l
i
n
ea
r co
n
t
rol
a
l
gor
it
hm as
w
e
ll [2]. Th
i
s syn
t
he
sis me
th
od
of
i
nv
e
r
t
e
r
wi
ll
p
ro
du
c
e
ha
rmo
n
i
c
s
s
p
ectra
a
n
d
as w
ell as
t
he
n
on-
li
near
loa
ds
tha
t
u
s
e
d
i
n d
i
stri
but
io
n.
F
o
r
non-l
i
ne
ar
l
oa
ds,
it
s
c
u
rr
ent
w
a
ve
for
m
i
s
n
o
t
p
r
opor
t
i
ona
l
to
t
he
v
o
ltage
.
Th
is
i
s
d
i
ffe
r
en
t
for
line
a
r
l
o
a
d
s
w
h
ere
t
h
e
cur
r
en
t
is
p
ro
p
o
rt
ion
a
l
t
o
t
he
a
p
p
lie
d
v
o
l
t
a
ge
[
3].
To
da
y,
f
or
m
ost
p
o
w
e
r
ne
tw
orks,
t
h
e
ma
jor
so
urce
o
f
u
n
w
a
n
t
e
d
h
a
r
monic
ge
nera
ti
ons
a
r
e
f
r
o
m
n
on-
li
ne
a
r
l
o
a
d
s
.
I
t
c
a
n
d
e
g
r
a
d
e
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
and
c
a
u
se
r
esona
nce
pr
ob
le
m
s
[
4].
Re
ctifiers
s
pe
c
i
fica
ll
y
w
h
ic
h
a
r
e
b
r
o
a
d
l
y
u
s
e
d
a
s
p
o
w
e
r
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
com
p
o
n
e
n
t
to
i
nterface
t
he
s
y
s
tem
i
s
o
ne
o
f
the
r
easo
n
f
or
d
e
g
r
a
d
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
pow
er
q
ua
l
i
t
y
.
F
o
r
ma
ny
dom
est
i
c
app
l
ianc
e
s
w
h
i
ch ha
s
r
ect
ifier
s
i
n
i
t
s
sw
i
t
c
h
e
d
mode
p
ow
er
s
up
p
li
es
can
d
e
g
rade
t
he q
uality of
voltage
s
upply
[5-6]
.
O
ne
w
ay
t
o
im
pro
v
e
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
al
i
t
y
is
b
y
usi
ng
fi
l
t
e
r
s
,
a
power
e
l
e
ctr
o
n
i
c
dev
i
c
e
t
ha
t
has
ex
ce
ll
e
n
t
tas
k
f
or
p
erfor
m
a
n
ce
fi
l
t
eri
n
g
.
F
ilters
c
a
n
b
e
used
e
i
t
h
e
r
as
a
v
o
l
t
a
ge
c
o
n
tr
ol
l
e
d
s
ourc
e
o
r
a
curre
nt
c
ontr
o
l
l
e
d
s
o
u
r
c
e
[
7
-
1
1
]
.
T
w
o
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
f
i
l
t
e
r
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
v
i
t
a
l
t
o
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
f
or
h
arm
o
n
i
cs
c
anc
e
l
l
a
t
i
o
n
i
s
t
he
s
hun
t
a
nd
series
ac
t
i
ve
f
i
lter.
B
ot
h
ha
ve
t
he
ir
o
w
n
p
urp
o
ses
;
t
o
in
jec
t
c
ur
ren
t
s
s
o
tha
t
i
t
c
a
n
c
e
l
s
har
m
on
ic curr
e
nts
d
i
rec
t
ly
a
n
d
c
o
mp
e
n
sa
t
e
s
di
st
o
r
t
i
o
n
o
f
vol
t
a
g
e
c
a
u
sed
by
n
on
-li
n
ea
r
lo
a
d
s
re
spe
c
t
ive
l
y
[
1
2].
The
pe
rform
a
nc
e
o
f
t
hes
e
fi
l
t
e
r
s a
r
e
eva
l
ua
t
e
d o
n
the
c
u
r
r
e
nt c
on
t
r
ol
a
nd t
h
e
har
m
on
i
c
r
e
f
eren
ce
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
sys
t
em.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Int J
P
o
w
E
l
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
IS
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
Pro
port
i
o
n
a
l
reso
na
n
t
curre
n
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller s
t
r
a
t
e
gy i
n
i
n
v
e
rt
er ap
pl
ic
at
ion
(S.
Salim
i
n
)
2
239
F
o
r
con
t
ro
l
sys
t
em
,
the
c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
ona
l
pro
p
o
rt
i
o
na
l
i
n
te
gral
(
P
I
)
c
on
tro
ller
i
s
eas
y
to
b
e
im
pl
e
m
e
n
t
e
d.
H
o
w
e
ve
r,
one
c
omm
on
draw
b
a
ck
o
f
P
I
c
o
n
t
ro
ll
e
r
s
is
t
he
y
ca
nn
o
t
t
ra
ck
n
on
d
ir
ect
c
urr
e
nt
r
efere
n
ces
w
it
hou
t
err
o
rs
b
e
t
w
een
t
he
r
efere
n
ce and o
u
tp
ut
c
urre
nts
ge
t
tin
g
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
i
l
t
e
r
s
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
i
l
l
b
e
u
n
s
t
a
b
l
e
w
h
en
t
he
a
t
t
e
nua
t
i
on
a
nd
r
e
so
na
n
t
f
re
que
ncy
o
f
t
he
f
i
lte
r
var
i
e
s
si
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
l
y
[14]
.
Thus,
pr
o
p
o
r
t
i
ona
l
resona
nt
(
P
R
)
c
ontro
ller
is
u
se
d
to
r
ed
uce
a
n
d
e
v
e
n
e
li
m
i
na
te
t
h
e
se
h
arm
o
n
i
cs
d
is
t
u
rbanc
e
s.
T
he
cha
r
ac
t
e
ris
tic
o
f
PR
c
on
tro
l
l
e
r
w
h
ic
h
ha
s
inf
i
ni
te
g
a
i
n
a
t
t
he
reso
na
n
t
f
r
e
que
nc
y
w
i
l
l
ens
u
re
zer
o
s
t
e
a
d
y
-
s
t
a
t
e
e
r
r
o
r
i
n
a
s
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
r
y
f
r
a
m
e
.
A
s
a
r
e
s
u
l
t
,
i
t
m
i
n
i
m
i
z
e
l
o
a
d
curr
ent
dis
t
o
r
tion,
r
educe
unw
an
ted
harm
on
ics,
a
n
d
will
h
av
e
b
e
tt
e
r
t
i
m
e
do
ma
i
n
r
es
pon
se
[
1
5
-
25
].
T
he
c
onn
e
c
t
e
d
f
ilter
is
u
se
t
o
fil
t
er
t
he
i
nve
r
t
e
r’s
sw
it
c
h
i
n
g
fre
q
u
e
nc
ies
[26].
Th
is
p
a
p
er
p
r
e
sen
t
s
the
me
t
h
o
d
o
f
pr
op
o
r
ti
ona
l
reso
na
nt
c
ur
rent
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
i
n
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
syste
m
a
pp
lic
a
tio
n.
I
n
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
the
ma
the
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
m
od
e
l
lin
g
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
t
r
o
lle
r
is
s
ho
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
ne
x
t
s
e
c
ti
o
n
.
P
r
evio
us
r
esea
rche
s
i
n
i
nve
r
t
er
a
p
p
l
ic
a
t
i
o
n
is
d
isc
u
sse
d
in
b
r
i
ef
i
n
the
fo
l
l
ow
ing
se
cti
o
n.
A
t
the
e
n
d,
si
m
u
lat
i
on
r
e
sul
t
s
h
o
w
s
w
hen
us
i
n
g
P
R
c
urre
nt
c
o
n
tr
olle
r,
t
he
u
nw
a
n
t
e
d
har
m
oni
c
s
i
n
j
ec
tion
ar
e
mu
ch
red
u
c
ed
.
2.
PROPO
R
TIONAL
R
ESON
ANT CONTRO
LLE
R
F
i
gure 1 be
low
show
s the
bl
o
c
k di
a
g
ra
m in a syste
m us
in
g
P
R
c
ur
r
e
n
t
c
o
n
tr
ol
le
r
.
Ther
e
a
r
e
bas
ica
l
l
y
three
bloc
k
syste
m
s
i
n
t
he
f
i
g
ure
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
the
c
o
nt
r
o
lle
r
bl
oc
k,
t
he
i
nve
rter
b
l
o
ck
a
n
d
t
he
f
il
ter
b
l
oc
k
.
T
he
curr
ent
re
fer
e
n
c
e
,
I
i
*
w
i
l
l
b
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
I
i
c
om
in
g
ou
t
a
f
t
e
r
th
e
f
ilter
i
n
g
p
roc
e
ss
.
I
t
i
s
the r
e
su
lt
a
n
t
err
o
r w
h
ic
h the
n
b
e
the
in
pu
t f
o
r c
ont
r
o
ll
in
g sy
s
tem
.
F
i
gur
e 1.
Bl
o
c
k
dia
gr
am
of
i
n
ve
rter
s
yste
m
w
ith
P
R c
u
r
r
ent
con
t
roll
er [27]
F
r
om
t
he
fi
gur
e
,
t
he
P
R
curr
e
n
t c
o
n
t
ro
ller
G
PR
(s)
i
s
r
epr
e
se
nted
b
y:
(
1
)
wher
e,
i
s
the
pro
port
i
ona
l
g
a
in
t
erm
,
i
s
the
Integr
a
l
G
ain
ter
m
a
nd
i
s
t
h
e
r
e
sona
n
t
f
re
que
nc
y.
T
he
resona
nt
t
er
m
w
i
l
l
b
a
s
i
c
a
l
l
y
p
r
o
v
i
de
i
nfi
n
i
t
e
g
ai
n
at
t
he
s
yste
m
fr
eque
n
c
y,
a
nd
a
t
o
t
h
e
r
freque
nc
ies,
t
her
e
w
ill
n
o
t
be
o
c
c
u
rrin
g
a
n
y
p
h
a
se
s
h
i
ft
a
n
d
g
a
i
[
2
8
,
29].
The
t
erm
contr
o
ls
t
he
s
yste
m
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
suc
h
a
s
g
a
in
and
pha
se
m
argi
ns
a
s
w
e
ll
as
i
t
s
b
an
dw
i
d
th
.
D
e
spi
t
e
a
ll
t
h
is,
(
1
)
c
an
a
llo
w
stab
il
i
t
y
pro
b
lem
s
t
o
arise
bec
a
u
s
e
of
t
he
i
n
f
in
it
e
gai
n
.
The
r
efor
e,
t
he
c
on
tro
l
s
yste
m
ca
n
be
m
a
d
e
n
on
i
d
e
a
l
.
F
o
r
th
i
s
t
o
ha
p
p
e
n
,
da
mp
i
ng
is
in
t
r
od
uc
ed.
It is show
n
in
(
2) bel
ow
;
(
2
)
wher
e,
i
s
the
ban
d
w
i
d
t
h
a
r
o
u
n
d
t
he
s
yst
e
m
freque
nc
y
of
.
F
r
om
t
he
e
qua
tio
n,
t
he
g
a
i
n
o
f
t
he
c
o
n
tr
ol
ler
at
t
h
e
s
ys
tem
fre
que
nc
y
i
s
now
r
estricte
d.
N
e
v
erthele
s
s,
it
i
s
s
till
l
a
rg
e
enou
gh
t
o
g
i
v
e
o
n
l
y
a
s
l
i
g
h
t
l
y
smal
l
st
ead
y
stat
e
erro
r.
T
h
e
e
q
u
a
ti
on
i
s
actu
a
ll
y
ma
ki
ng
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
ro
ller
mor
e
r
elia
b
l
e
i
n
d
i
g
i
t
a
l
s
yste
ms
due
to
the
i
r
r
i
g
o
r
ous
l
im
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
[3
0].
F
o
r
simul
a
ti
n
g
i
n
Ma
t
l
a
b
p
u
rp
os
es,
base
d
on
(1),
by
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
Tusti
n
trans
f
or
ma
t
i
o
n
,
the
ana
l
og
ue
e
qua
t
i
o
n
a
b
o
v
e
is
c
ha
n
g
e
d
t
o
the
z
dom
ai
n
k
now
n
a
s
t
he
d
i
s
cre
t
e
fu
nc
ti
on
.
Thi
s
is
d
one
by
su
bsti
t
u
ti
ng
w
i
t
h
. Ba
s
e
d
on
tha
t
,
it i
s
the
n
t
r
ans
f
orm
e
d
to;
G
z
K
K
G
z
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN: 2088-
8694
I
nt
J
P
ow
Elec
& Dr
i
S
y
st V
ol.
10,
N
o.
4
, Dec
201
9 :
2
2
3
8
– 2
244
2
240
G
z
G
z
3
In or
d
er
t
o
get
a
simple
r tra
n
sfer
f
unc
t
i
o
n
,
som
e
a
djus
tme
n
ts
a
re m
ade. This is shows
a
s
below:
G
z
4
By
d
i
v
i
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
nom
i
n
a
t
or
a
nd
the
de
n
o
mi
nat
o
r
of
t
he
t
ransfe
r
f
un
c
t
ion
in
(
4)
a
b
ove
w
it
h
4
,
t
h
e
di
sc
rete
for
m
becom
e
s:
G
z
5
To sim
pli
f
y
t
h
e
above
e
qua
t
i
on,
it ca
n be
re
-
w
r
itten a
s
:
G
z
(
6
)
wher
e;
b
4K
K
ω
T
2
K
T
4
T
ω
b
2K
ω
T
8
K
4
T
ω
b
4
K
K
ω
T
2
K
T
4
T
ω
a
2T
ω
8
4
T
ω
a
1
a
nd
i
s
the
pr
o
por
t
i
o
n
al
g
a
i
n
and
t
h
e
resona
nc
e
gai
n
r
espe
ctive
l
y,
T
i
s
t
h
e
s
a
m
p
l
i
n
g
t
i
m
e
a
n
d
i
s
t
h
e
syste
m
freque
n
c
y
in
r
ad
/se
c
.
Wi
th
t
he
r
eso
n
a
nce
par
t
a
d
d
e
d
t
o
t
he
p
ro
por
ti
o
n
al
c
o
n
tr
ol
le
r,
t
he
s
ys
tem
stead
y
st
a
t
e
er
ror
c
a
n
be
m
uch
r
e
duce
d
o
r
nea
r
ly
e
limina
t
e
d
.
S
ubs
ti
tut
i
ng
T
w
i
t
h
50µ
s
and
w
i
th
2
π
x
50
H
z
,
th
e
op
tim
um
g
ai
n
s
f
or
t
hi
s
c
o
n
t
ro
l
tec
h
n
i
que
can
b
e
o
b
t
ai
ne
d
by
tri
a
l
a
nd
er
ror
t
u
n
i
n
g
.
F
i
gure
2
i
s
t
h
e
trans
f
or
ma
t
i
o
n
o
f
e
q
u
a
t
i
o
n
[6]
tha
t
i
s
m
o
d
e
lle
d
i
n
M
a
t
la
b
Sim
u
l
in
k.
I
t
is
t
he
r
esu
l
t
i
n
g
o
u
t
p
ut
s
ig
na
l
tha
t
i
s
use
d
in
the
i
n
v
e
rter
sw
itch
i
n
g
proc
ess.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
P
o
w
Elec
&
D
r
i
S
y
st
I
S
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
Pro
por
t
i
on
a
l
re
so
na
n
t
c
u
rre
n
t
con
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
s
t
r
a
te
gy
i
n
in
ve
rte
r
ap
pl
i
c
ati
on
(
S
.
Sal
im
i
n
)
2
241
F
i
gure
2. T
h
e
pa
r
am
eter
s in t
he
P
R c
u
rrent
c
on
tro
l
l
e
r syste
m
3.
PROPORTIONAL RES
O
N
AN
T
CO
N
T
ROLLER IN
I
NVE
R
T
ER A
PPL
ICA
T
ION
I
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
v
e
r
y
e
s
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
a
s
a
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
m
e
t
h
o
d.
F
ur
th
er
mor
e
,
the
n
u
m
be
r
of
t
hes
e
in
ver
t
e
r
s
yste
ms
t
ha
t
ar
e
be
ing
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
ed
t
o
the
gr
i
d
i
s
c
l
i
m
bi
n
g
.
A
pa
p
e
r
by
[
3
1
]
ha
s
r
e
view
t
he
t
hr
e
e
pha
se
in
ver
t
e
r
s
c
o
ntr
o
l
t
o
c
ompe
ns
ate
a
n
u
n
b
a
l
a
n
ced
l
oa
d.
E
ffe
cti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
f
p
r
op
or
t
i
o
n
al
r
e
s
on
a
n
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
ll
e
r
h
as
be
en
p
ro
ve
d
b
y
m
an
y
r
e
sea
r
che
r
s
wher
e
so
me
o
f
them
c
a
n
b
e
fo
un
d
i
n
[
32-
37
]
.
T
o
de
c
r
e
a
se
t
he
b
a
d
e
ff
ec
ts
on
the
p
o
w
e
r
qua
li
ty,
i
t
i
s
ver
y
i
m
p
or
ta
nt
t
o
m
a
inta
i
n
t
he
h
a
r
m
onics
i
n
j
ec
ted
by
t
h
ese
in
ve
r
t
er
s
u
nder
c
e
r
t
ai
n
limi
t
.
P
R
c
o
n
t
r
olle
r
pr
ov
i
d
es
h
ig
h
gai
n
a
t
a
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
r
e
so
na
n
t
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
a
l
m
o
s
t
n
o
g
a
i
n
e
x
i
s
t
s
a
t
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
f
r
e
que
n
c
ies.
T
hus,
i
t
e
xh
ib
it
s
g
o
o
d
tr
a
n
sie
n
t
r
e
sp
on
se
o
ver
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
ona
l
P
I
c
on
t
r
o
l
ler
w
h
en
s
ys
tem
sub
j
ec
t
e
d t
o
l
o
a
d
d
i
s
t
ur
ba
nce.
The
be
t
ter
per
f
or
m
a
nc
e i
s
o
b
t
ai
n
e
d
u
s
i
n
g
h
a
r
m
onic
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
tor
al
o
ng w
i
t
h
t
he
m
odel
l
e
d
P
R
c
ontr
o
l
l
er
.
P
R
c
on
t
r
ol
ler
e
xhi
b
i
t
s
g
oo
d
tr
a
n
sie
n
t
r
es
pon
se
o
v
e
r
t
h
e
co
nv
ent
i
on
a
l
P
I
c
o
nt
ro
ll
er
w
h
e
n
s
yste
m
s
u
b
j
ec
t
e
d
to
l
o
a
d
d
i
st
ur
ba
nce
and
bet
t
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
is
o
b
t
aine
d
usi
n
g
ha
r
m
onic
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
tor
al
o
n
g
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
m
o
d
e
ll
ed
P
R
c
o
n
t
r
o
ll
e
r
[
3
8
]
.
F
r
om
[
35]
,
the
in
ver
t
e
r
out
pu
t
c
u
r
r
e
nt
w
a
v
ef
or
m
ar
e
in
a
c
c
e
pta
b
le
s
in
uso
i
dal
sha
p
e
w
h
e
n
t
he
s
ys
tem
uses a P
R
c
u
r
r
e
nt
c
o
n
tr
ol
ler
,
a
s see
n
in t
h
e s
i
mula
t
i
on
r
e
s
u
lts
show
n i
n
F
igure
3 It
h
a
s
s
t
ill a stea
dy
s
t
a
t
e er
ror
bu
t
of
s
m
a
ll
v
a
l
ue.
T
h
i
s
i
s
be
ca
use
of
u
s
i
n
g
a
n
o
n
-
i
de
a
l
P
R
co
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
me
n
t
io
n
e
d
ea
rli
e
r
to
a
v
o
id
s
ta
b
ili
ty
pr
oble
m
s
in
t
h
e
c
ontr
o
l
l
er
.
F
i
gur
e
3.
G
r
i
d
vo
lta
ge,
gr
i
d
c
ur
r
e
nt,
r
e
fer
e
nce
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
,
inv
e
r
t
e
r
c
ur
r
e
nt
i
n
simula
ti
o
n
w
it
h
P
R
c
on
tr
ol
ler
[35]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N: 2
0
8
8
-
86
94
I
n
t
J Po
w El
ec &
D
ri S
y
s
t
Vo
l. 1
0
,
No
. 4
,
D
e
c
2
0
19
:
2
238
–
2
244
2
242
F
i
gur
e
4
s
how
s
tha
t
t
he
o
r
i
g
i
nal
ha
r
m
o
n
ic
s
pe
c
t
r
u
m
w
i
th
o
u
t
us
in
g
PR
c
urre
nt
c
on
tro
ller
re
su
lt
sim
u
la
ti
on.
I
t
ca
n
be
s
e
e
n
a
b
i
g
p
e
r
ce
n
t
a
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
am
pl
itu
de
i
n
t
h
e
3
rd
,
5
th
,
a
nd
7
th
f
requ
e
n
cy
.
Wh
il
st
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
,
it
s
h
o
w
s
t
he
g
r
i
d
c
u
r
r
ent
har
m
on
i
c
p
r
o
f
i
les
w
h
e
n
P
R
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
i
s
use
d
.
F
r
om
t
he
f
i
gur
e
,
i
t
a
l
so
no
t
i
cea
b
l
e
t
h
a
t
t
he
1
st
h
ar
mo
nic
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
c
u
r
r
e
nt
ach
ie
v
e
d
10
0%.
T
h
i
s
m
ea
ns
t
he
v
a
l
ue
i
s
as
e
x
p
e
c
t
ed.
In
ad
di
t
i
on
,
t
h
e
3rd
,
5
th
a
nd
7
th
h
a
r
mo
ni
c
s
r
e
a
c
h
e
d
a
r
o
und
o
n
l
y
5
%
o
f
c
u
rr
ent
a
m
pl
i
t
u
d
e
whic
h
shows
b
e
tte
r
pe
r
f
or
m
a
nc
e
in
t
e
r
m
of
unw
an
ted
har
m
o
n
ic
s
in
jec
tio
n.
F
i
gur
e
4.
H
a
r
monic
spec
t
r
um
w
itho
u
t
P
R
cur
r
ent
con
t
ro
l
l
er
[
35].
F
i
gur
e
5.
H
ar
mon
i
c
S
p
e
c
tr
um
w
it
h
P
R
c
ur
r
e
nt
co
ntroller [3
5
]
4.
CONCLUSION
Thi
s
p
a
p
e
r
h
a
s
p
rese
nt
ed
a
m
e
t
hod
o
f
p
r
oport
i
o
n
a
l
r
e
so
n
a
nt
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
er
u
se
d
in
i
nve
r
t
er
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n.
Ma
the
m
a
tica
l
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
nd
mode
ll
in
g
i
n
M
a
tla
b
of
t
he
P
R
co
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
is
s
ho
wn
.
An
o
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
o
f
t
h
i
s
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
in
i
n
v
erte
r
ap
p
lica
t
i
on
ha
s
bee
n
d
o
n
e
whe
r
e
in
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
se
ar
c
h
,
us
in
g
P
R
c
on
t
r
o
lle
r
has
r
e
duc
e
the
er
r
o
r
o
f
f
u
nda
me
n
t
a
l
c
ur
r
e
nt
t
o
zer
o,
w
hi
le
3
r
d
,
5t
h
,
7
th
h
ar
mon
i
cs
i
n
gr
i
d
c
ur
r
e
nt
a
l
s
o
im
pr
o
v
ed
t
o
a
r
ou
nd
5%
.
A
s
a
c
on
cl
us
i
o
n
,
f
r
o
m
the
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
it
s
h
o
w
s
t
he
g
oo
d
merit
o
f
u
s
i
ng
p
ro
po
rtion
a
l
res
o
n
a
nt
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
in i
n
v
er
t
e
r a
p
p
lic
at
ion.
ACKNOWLEDGE
ME
N
T
S
The
au
t
hor
s
w
o
u
l
d
li
ke
t
o
ac
kn
ow
le
d
g
e
the
Resea
r
c
h
Ma
nage
me
n
t
C
enter
(RM
C
),
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
iti
Tun
H
u
ssei
n
O
n
n
M
a
l
ys
i
a
(
U
T
H
M
)
,
B
a
t
u
P
a
ha
t,
J
oh
or
,
Mala
ys
ia
f
or
g
r
a
nt
in
g
th
e
Ti
e
r
1
(
H1
57
)
Gr
a
n
t
a
n
d
and
su
ppo
rt
th
e
p
ub
li
cati
o
n
.
REFERE
NC
E
S
[1]
F.
A
.
S
i
lva
,
“
Ad
va
n
c
e
d
D
C\/AC
Inv
e
rte
r
s:
A
pp
li
c
a
t
io
ns
i
n
Re
ne
wa
bl
e
E
n
erg
y
(
Lu
o,
F
.L.
an
d
Ye,
H.
;
2
0
1
3
)
[Book
Ne
w
s
]
,
”
in
IEEE In
du
stri
al
El
ec
tro
n
i
c
s
M
a
g
a
z
i
ne
,
vol.
7,
no.
4
,
pp.
6
8-69
,
D
ec.
2013
.
[2]
J
.
A
. Yeam
an
s, “In
tri
n
s
i
c H
a
rmoni
cs of Ideal
ized
Inv
erter PW
M
S
yst
e
m
s
” U
n
ited
Stat
es: Clev
eland
, 1
97
6. 1
-7.
[3]
P
e
rra
a
nd
M
.
S
uri,
“
Inv
e
rter
a
pp
licat
io
n
f
o
r
no
n-li
near
l
o
a
ds,
”
P
r
oceed
in
gs
o
f
the
Si
xth
A
nnu
a
l
Bat
t
er
y Con
f
er
ence
o
n
A
ppli
c
a
t
i
ons and
Ad
van
ces
,
L
on
g
Beach
,
C
A,
US
A
,
1
991,
p
p
.
1
-1
0.
[4]
R.
M
adhu
,
M
.
N
.
Din
e
sh
,
B.
M
.
Ravith
eja,
“
Desi
gn
o
f
sh
unt
h
yb
ri
d
act
i
v
e
power
filter
(S
HAPF)
t
o
reduce
h
a
rm
oni
cs
i
n
AC
s
i
d
e
du
e
t
o
N
on
-li
n
ear
l
oad
s
,”
Int
e
rn
ati
o
n
a
l
J
o
urn
a
l
of
Po
we
r
E
l
ectro
nics
a
n
d
D
r
ive
Sys
t
em
s
(
I
JPEDS)
.
v
o
l
.
9
(4
),
p
p.
192
6-1
9
3
6
.
[5]
H
-
S
.
S
.
S
on
g,
R
.
Keil,
P
.
M
u
ts
chl
e
r,
J
.
W
eem
,
K
.
N
am
,
“Ad
v
an
ced
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
S
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
a
S
i
n
g
l
e
-
P
h
a
s
e
P
W
M
Rect
ifier in Tracti
on Ap
p
licat
ions,
”
IAS
20
03
,
pp
.
1
5
5
8
–
15
65
[6]
M
.
L
i
s
erre,
F.
B
laab
jerg,
an
d
S.
H
ans
e
n,
“
Des
i
g
n
a
nd
co
ntro
l
o
f
a
n
LCL
-
f
i
lter
based
act
iv
e
rect
if
ie
r,
”
IEEE
Tran
s
.
on
Ind
.
Ap
p
.
,
v
o
l
.
3
8,
n
o
.
2
S
ept.
/O
ct.
200
1,
p
p
.
299-3
0
7
.
[7]
Hambley,
A
llan
R.
El
ectrica
l Engin
eeri
n
g
:
P
r
i
n
cip
l
es
a
nd A
ppli
c
at
ions
,
2
nd
ed
,
Upp
e
r
S
a
d
d
l
e
R
iver,
NJ:
P
r
entice
Hall, 2
00
2
. pp
.
3
-5
.
[8]
P.
M
at
tavelli
“A
C
l
o
sed-Loop
S
el
ect
ive
Harmonic
C
ompensati
o
n
f
o
r
Act
i
ve
F
i
lters,
”
IEEE Tr
a
n
s.
on Ind. A
p
p
.,
v
o
l
.
3
7
,
n
o.
1
,
pp.
8
1
–
89
,
20
01
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Int J
P
o
w
E
l
e
c
&
D
ri S
yst
IS
S
N
:
2088-
86
94
Pro
port
i
o
n
a
l
reso
na
n
t
curre
n
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller s
t
r
a
t
e
gy i
n
i
n
v
e
rt
er ap
pl
ic
at
ion
(S.
Salim
i
n
)
2
243
[9]
D.
N
.
Z
m
o
od,
D
.
G.
H
olm
e
s
,
“
St
ati
onary
F
ram
e
C
u
rrent
R
eg
ulatio
n
o
f
PWM
In
vert
ers
wit
h
Z
ero
S
t
ead
y-St
ate
Error,”
I
E
EE Trans.
on
Po
wer E
l
ectr
.,
v
o
l
.
1
8
,
no.
3
,
pp.
8
1
4
–
822,
M
ay
2
00
3
.
[10]
Teod
or
escu
,
R.,
Bl
aab
jerg,
F
.,
L
i
serre.
M.
,
Bo
ru
p
,
U
.,
“
A
New
C
on
trol
S
truct
u
re
f
or
G
ri
d-Con
n
ect
ed
P
V
Invert
ers
with
Zero
Stead
y-S
t
at
e Erro
r an
d
S
e
lective
Harm
on
ic
C
om
pensati
o
n,”
Pr
oceed
ing
s
o
f
APEC’04
, An
ahei
m, CA.
[11]
R
.
T
e
o
d
o
r
e
s
c
u
,
F
.
B
l
a
a
b
j
e
r
g
,
U
.
B
o
r
u
p
,
M
.
L
i
s
e
r
r
e
,
“
A
N
e
w
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
S
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
f
o
r
G
r
i
d
-
C
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
L
C
L
P
V
In
ve
rte
r
s
with
Z
e
r
o
Ste
a
dy
-Sta
te
E
rror
and
Select
ive
Harm
onic
C
om
pen
s
atio
n,
”
APE
C
’04 Nin
e
teen
th An
nual IEEE
Con
f
eren
ce
,
C
al
if
ornia,
200
4
.
[12]
Guo
X
i
a
o
qia
n
g,
Z
ha
o
Qin
g
l
in
a
nd
W
u
We
iya
n
g
“A
S
in
gle
-
P
h
a
s
e
Grid
-
Connected
I
nv
ert
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
w
ith
Z
ero
S
t
ead
y-S
t
a
t
e
E
rror,”
in
CES/IEEE
5
t
h Int
e
rn
a
tio
n
a
l
P
o
wer El
ectr
o
n
i
cs an
d M
o
tion
Con
t
r
o
l
Co
nfer
ence
,
v
o
l.
1
,
pp
.
1-5
,
A
u
g
.
20
06.
[13]
Wa
ng
,
Liup
in
g
.
P
ID a
nd
P
re
dic
t
i
v
e
Co
ntro
l o
f
E
le
c
t
ric
a
l
Dr
i
v
e
s
a
n
d Po
we
r
Su
pp
li
e
s
U
s
i
n
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
/
S
i
mul
i
n
k
.
[14]
C
.
L
i
u
a
n
d
J
.
-
S
.
L
a
i
,
“
L
o
w
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
r
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
techn
i
q
u
e
w
ith
acti
v
e
co
ntro
l
i
n
a
f
u
e
l
cel
l
po
wer
syst
e
m
w
ith inve
r
ter
load,”
i
n
IEEE Tra
n
sa
cti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
wer
El
ectroni
cs
,
v
o
l
. 22
,
n
o. 4
, p
p.
14
2
9
-
1
4
3
6
, Ju
l
y
20
0
7
.
[15]
S
.
E
ren,
A
.
Bak
h
s
h
ai
a
nd
P
.
Jain,
“
C
o
n
tro
l
o
f
Th
ree-P
h
ase
Vo
lt
a
ge
S
ource
I
nv
erter
fo
r
Ren
e
wab
l
e
Energ
y
Ap
plicati
ons,
”
IEEE
Pr
oceed
ings
,
20
11.
[16]
M.
K
azmierkowski,
R
.
Krishnan,
F.
B
laabjerg,
Co
nt
rol
in P
o
wer
E
l
ect
ronics
: S
e
lect
ed
Pr
obl
ems
,
Academ
i
c
P
res
s
S
e
ries in
En
g
i
neerin
g,
2
0
0
2
.
[17]
X.
Y
u
a
n,
W
.
M
e
rk,
H.
S
t
e
mmle
r,
J
.
A
l
l
m
el
i
ng,
“
Stationary-Fram
e
Generalized
I
nt
egrators
f
or
C
urrent
C
ont
ro
l
of
Act
i
ve
P
ower
F
i
l
ters
w
ith
Z
ero
St
eady-St
ate
Error
f
o
r
Current
H
arm
o
n
i
cs
o
f
Con
c
e
r
n
Un
de
r
Un
bal
a
nced
a
n
d
Di
s
t
or
ted Operat
i
n
g Cond
ition
s
,”
IEEE
Tran
s.
on
Ind
.
Ap
p
.
,
vol.
3
8
,
n
o.
2,
pp.
5
23
–
5
3
2
,
2
0
02.
[18]
M.
L
ise
rre
,
R.
T
e
o
do
re
sc
u,
Z
.
Che
n
,
“Grid
Co
nv
e
r
te
rs
a
nd
t
h
e
ir
Con
t
rol
i
n
D
istribu
t
ed P
ower Generat
io
n
S
y
s
t
em
s
,
”
IECON 2005
,
2005
.
[19]
M. C
iob
o
t
aru, R
.
T
e
o
d
o
r
escu,
F.
Blaab
j
e
rg
, “C
o
n
t
ro
l
o
f
a
S
in
gle
-Phase PV
Inver
t
er
,”
EPE2005
, Dresden
,
2
0
0
5
.
[20]
IEEE 1547
S
t
a
ndard f
or Interconnec
t
i
ng Distr
i
b
ut
ed
R
esources wi
t
h
E
lectri
c P
o
w
e
r S
y
stems
.
[21]
F
.
B
laab
jerg
.
R.
T
eo
do
rescu.
M
.
Li
serre,
an
d
A.
V
.
Tim
b
us,
“
O
v
e
r
v
ie
w
o
f
C
on
t
r
ol
a
nd
G
rid
S
y
n
c
hro
n
iz
a
t
io
n
fo
r
Di
st
ribu
ted
P
o
wer
G
e
nerati
on
S
y
s
tems
,
”
IE
EE
T
r
a
n
s
a
ctio
ns
on In
du
str
i
al El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
s
,
vo
l.
53,
n
o.
5
,
pp.
1
39
8-
14
09
,
O
c
t
2
0
06.
[22]
IEEE
S
t
andard
1
547-2003
“
IE
E
E
S
ta
ndard
f
o
r
In
t
e
rc
onnect
i
ng
D
i
s
t
ributed
R
es
ources
w
ith
E
lect
ric
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
s
t
e
m
s,
”
20
03
.
[23]
H.
A
k
a
g
i
,
E.H.
W
a
t
anabe,
a
nd
M
.
Aredas
,
In
stan
tan
e
ou
s
powe
r
t
h
eor
y
a
nd appl
icatio
n
s
t
o
po
wer
co
ndi
ti
oning
,
Ho
bo
ken
NJ,
Wiley
,
2
0
07.
[24]
S
.
S
a
l
imi
n
,
A
.
A.
B
akar,
M
.
A
rm
s
t
ro
ng
,
“Lo
w
o
rder
h
arm
o
n
i
cs
i
m
p
r
ov
em
e
n
t
of
a
s
in
g
l
e
g
r
id
c
o
nnect
e
d
in
verter
s
y
s
t
e
m
u
n
d
e
r
P
R
c
o
n
t
r
ol
t
ech
ni
qu
e,”
ARPN Jou
r
n
a
l
o
f
Eng
i
n
eerin
g and Ap
plied Sci
e
nces
,
vo
l
.
1
0
(
19
),
pp
.
8
601
-86
0
5
, 2
015
.
[25]
B.
K
.
J
a
gad
i
sh
a
nd
B
.
Banakar
a
,
“
C
u
rre
n
t
m
ode
p
ro
po
rti
onal
reso
nant
c
ontrolled
multi
i
n
pu
t–SEPIC-re-boost-
syst
e
m
,
”
In
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l Jou
r
n
a
l of Po
wer
Electr
onics
an
d
D
r
i
ve Sys
t
ems
(
I
JPE
D
S
),
v
ol
.
1
0
(2
)
, pp
.
6
82
-68
9
,
2
01
9.
[26]
V.
P
radee
p
,
A.
K
ol
wa
l
k
ar,
R.
T
ei
chmann,
“O
ptimized
F
ilter
Desi
g
n
f
o
r
IE
EE
5
19
C
o
m
plian
t
G
ri
d
Con
n
ected
Inverters,
”
IICP
E
2004
,
Mu
mb
ai, Ind
i
a
, 2
00
4
.
[27]
R.
T
eodores
c
u,
M
.
L
i
s
e
rre,
P.
R
odri
guez
,
“G
r
i
d
Convert
ers
f
o
r
P
ho
to
vo
l
t
ai
c
an
d
Wi
nd
P
o
wer
Sy
st
e
m
s,
”
USA
:
Wiley,
2
0
11.
[28]
K.
C
.
Chen
,
S
.
S
alimin,
S
.
A
.
Zu
lki
f
li,
R
.
Az
iz,
“S
ingl
e
phase
in
ve
rte
r
s
yste
m
us
in
g
pro
p
o
r
tio
na
l
re
son
a
nt
c
u
rre
n
t
con
t
ro
l,”
Inter
n
a
t
io
nal Jo
ur
na
l o
f
P
o
wer El
ectro
n
i
cs a
nd Drive S
y
st
ems (
I
J
P
ED
S
),
vol.
8
(4),
p
p
.
1913
-191
8,
2
0
17
[29]
D.
N
.
Z
m
o
od,
D
.
G.
H
olm
e
s
,
“
St
ati
onary
F
ram
e
C
u
rrent
R
eg
ulatio
n
o
f
PWM
In
vert
ers
wit
h
Z
ero
S
t
ead
y-St
ate
Error,”
IEEE
T
r
an
sa
c
t
io
n
s
on Po
wer Elect
ronics
, vo
l
.
18
,
no
.
3
,
M
a
y
2
00
3.
[30]
R.
A
b
o
el
saud
,
A
.
I
brah
im
a
nd
A.
G
.
Garg
aneev
,
“
R
eview
of
t
hree-
ph
ase
i
nvert
ers
co
ntro
l
f
o
r
un
balan
c
e
d
lo
ad
c
om
p
e
ns
ation,
”
Inter
nati
onal Jo
ur
nal o
f
Po
wer Elect
r
onics a
n
d
Drive Sys
t
em
s
(
I
JPEDS),
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.2
42
-25
5
, 2
01
9.
[31]
X.
S
u
,
K
.
Zho
u
,
W.
Z
hu
an
d
L
.
Z
h
u
,
“P
ro
po
rtional
-reson
a
nt
c
urre
nt
c
on
tro
l
o
f
sin
g
l
e
-p
has
e
g
rid-ti
ed
P
V
i
n
v
e
rte
r
syst
e
m
,
”
CICED 20
10 Pr
oceedi
n
g
s
,
N
a
njin
g,
2
010,
p
p
.
1
-4
.
[32]
Zh
ang
Ju
n-
L
i
, Li
Y
u
-
Ren,
Wang
P
e
n
g
,
L
iang
Bo
a
nd
F
U
Long
-
F
e
i
,
“The
A
n
a
ly
s
i
s
a
n
d
Imp
l
e
m
e
n
ta
t
i
on
o
f
P
r
op
orti
on
al
R
e
s
on
ant
Co
n
t
rol
Al
gorithm
-
bas
e
d
P
w
m
In
vert
er
I
m
b
a
lan
ced
G
rid-c
o
nn
ected
,
”
Jou
r
na
l of
So
f
t
wa
re
En
gi
neeri
ng,
vo
l
. 9
, n
o.
3,
p
p
.
54
8-5
6
0
, 20
1
5
.
[33]
J.
F
.
A
r
das
h
i
r
,
M
.
S
a
bahi
,
S
.
H
.
H
o
s
s
e
i
n
i
, E
.
B
a
baei
,
G.
G
har
e
h
p
e
ti
an,
“
A
n
Im
prov
ed
G
ri
d
Co
nnected
Tran
sf
orm
e
rl
es
s Inv
e
rt
er W
ith P
ro
port
iona
l
R
e
so
nant
Contro
ller,
”
Sp
rin
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
5(1),
p
p
.
3
0-3
8
,
2
017.
[34]
L.
Herm
a
n,
I.
P
a
p
i
c
an
d
B.
B
lazi
c,
“
A prop
ortio
n
a
l
-
res
o
n
a
nt
c
ur
rent
c
on
tro
l
le
r
fo
r
se
le
c
tive
ha
rmon
ic
c
o
m
pe
n
s
a
t
ion
in hybr
i
d active
power filter,
”
Power D
e
liver
y, IEEE
Tran
sa
cti
ons o
n
,
v
o
l
.
2
9
,
p
p.
2
0
55-2
0
6
5
,
201
4.
[35]
Teo
d
o
r
es
cu,
F
.
B
laab
jerg,
M.
L
iserre,
an
d
P
.
L
o
h
,
“Pro
po
rti
onal
r
eson
ant
co
nt
rollers
and
f
i
lt
ers
f
o
r
gri
d
-con
nect
ed
vo
lt
age-so
urce co
nv
ert
e
rs,”
El
ect
r
i
c
P
o
w
e
r A
ppl
i
c
at
i
o
n
s
,
lE
E
P
r
oceed
i
n
g
s
,
v
o
1
. l5
3
, no
. 5
,
p
p
.7
50
-
7
62
,
Sep
20
06
.
[36]
D.
Z
ammi
t,
C
.
Spiteri
S
t
a
ines,
M.
A
pap
“Co
m
pari
son
between
P
I
a
n
d
P
R
Curren
t
Co
ntroll
ers
in
G
ri
d
Co
nnect
ed
PV
I
nvert
e
rs,”
Inter
n
a
t
i
onal
Jou
r
na
l
of El
e
c
tr
ica
l
,
Co
mp
u
t
e
r
,
E
n
er
getic,
Elect
ro
n
i
c
an
d
Co
mm
uni
ca
t
i
on
En
gi
neeri
ng,
vo
l
. 8
, n
o,
2,
2
0
1
4
.
[37]
S
.
A
.
Z
u
l
k
i
f
l
i
,
S
.
S
a
l
i
m
i
n
,
A
.
K
h
a
i
r
i
a
n
d
A
.
R
a
h
m
a
n
,
“
I
n
v
e
s
t
i
g
a
ti
on
o
n
P
r
op
ort
i
onal
Res
onan
t
C
u
rren
t
C
on
trol
f
or
7-L
e
vel
M
u
l
t
ilevel
In
verter
w
ith
R
edu
c
e
d
S
wit
c
hin
g
D
evi
ce,”
20
18
IEE
E
4
t
h
S
o
u
t
he
rn Po
we
r
Ele
c
t
ron
i
c
s
Con
f
eren
ce (
S
PEC)
,
Si
ng
apo
r
e,
S
in
gap
o
re,
2
01
8
,
pp.
1
-6.
[38]
K.
K
.
Gan
d
h
a
m,
L
.
L
a
ks
hmi,
N
.
G
opi
chan
d,
“
M
o
d
e
l
l
i
n
g
of
P
R
Co
nt
r
oller
F
o
r
A
Gri
d
C
on
nected
S
i
ngl
e
P
h
a
s
e
Inverter,”
IJE
D
R
,
v
o
l
.
5(4),
pp.
2
0
1-2
0
7
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N: 2
0
8
8
-
86
94
I
n
t
J Po
w El
ec &
D
ri S
y
s
t
Vo
l. 1
0
,
No
. 4
,
D
e
c
2
0
19
:
2
238
–
2
244
2
244
BIOGRAPHI
E
S
OF
AUT
HORS
S
u
rian
a S
a
lim
i
n is a l
ecturer i
n
Facul
t
y
o
f
El
ectrical E
ngin
eer
i
n
g
(
F
K
E
E
)
,
UT
HM.
A
f
t
e
r
grad
uated
f
r
om h
er first d
egree
in
E
let
r
ical
E
ngi
n
eering
(
U
T
M
-2
006
),
s
he w
ork
e
d as
a
t
uto
r
in
UT
HM
f
or
6
m
ont
hs
a
nd
c
on
ti
nu
ed
f
or
M
Sc
i
n
Pow
e
r
Distri
buti
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
eerin
g in
N
ewcas
tl
e
Un
iversit
y
(2
0
0
7
).
S
h
e
comp
l
e
t
ed h
er P
hD in El
ectri
cal E
ngineer
i
n
g
in
2
014
a
lso
f
r
om
Newcas
tl
e Universit
y
,
UK
. S
h
e ha
s
pu
blish
e
d
a
few
p
a
pers
i
n
Ju
r
nals
and
p
roceedi
n
g
si
nce 2
0
1
3
.
Her
res
earch
i
n
t
eres
ts
a
re
o
n
po
wer
q
u
ali
t
y
im
p
r
ov
e
m
en
t,
d
istri
b
u
te
d
g
e
ne
ra
tion
s
y
s
te
ms,
re
n
e
wa
ble
e
n
e
r
gy a
n
d h
a
rmon
ic
s m
i
tiga
t
i
o
n
.
Ahm
a
d
Fa
te
h
bi
n
Mo
ha
ma
d
No
r
o
b
t
a
i
ne
d
B
a
c
h
e
l
or
o
f
Ele
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
E
ng
i
n
eeri
ng
(P
o
w
er
E
l
ectron
i
cs
and
Driv
es)
i
n
2
01
1,
M
as
ter
of
E
lect
rical
E
ng
ineerin
g
(Ind
u
s
t
ri
al
P
ow
er)
in
2
0
1
3
and
Ph
.
D
.
in
El
ec
t
r
ical
P
ower
E
ng
in
eerin
g
in
2
0
1
7
f
r
om
U
ni
versiti
T
e
knikal
M
al
aysia
M
e
laka
(
UT
eM).
Current
ly
h
e
is
a
l
e
c
tu
rer
at
t
h
e
D
ep
art
m
ent
of
E
l
ectrical
P
o
w
e
r
En
gine
e
r
in
g,
F
a
c
u
lty
of
El
ec
t
r
ical
a
nd
E
l
ect
ron
i
c
En
gineerin
g,
U
ni
versiti
T
u
n
H
u
s
s
e
in
O
nn
M
alays
i
a.
H
is
a
rea
o
f
research
i
n
t
eres
t
s
i
n
c
lud
e
s
electri
cal
pow
er
e
n
g
in
eerin
g,
volta
ge
i
nstabil
i
ty
a
nalysi
s,
s
o
l
a
r
electri
cit
y
,
artificial
neu
ral n
e
twork
(ANN
) and
ad
apti
ve n
euro
-f
u
zzy
i
n
f
eren
ce sy
st
em (ANFIS
).
S
i
t
i
A
m
e
ly
J
umaat
w
as
b
orn
in
J
ohor,
M
a
lay
s
ia
on
M
a
rch
1
2
,
1
97
9
.
S
h
e
g
r
aduat
e
d fro
m
th
e
Ins
t
it
u
t
T
u
n
H
ussei
n
O
nn
(ITT
H
O
-
UTM
)
w
it
h
hon
ou
rs
d
egree
i
n
B
S
c
.
Elect
rical En
g
.
in 20
0
1
,
M
E
ng
.
(P
ower),
U
T
M
i
n
2
0
0
3
,
and
P
h
D
i
n
E
l
ect
ri
cal
E
ng
at
U
i
T
M
,
M
a
lay
s
i
a
i
n 20
15
.
H
er
research
i
nt
erests i
ncl
u
d
e
po
w
er s
yst
e
m
and
optim
izatio
n t
echn
i
q
u
es,
FACTS
dev
i
ces, Artif
ic
i
a
l
Int
e
lli
g
en
t t
echn
i
q
u
es
a
nd
renewa
b
l
e en
ergy
sy
s
t
e
m. S
he i
s
also
a
m
emb
e
r
o
f
B
E
M
,
I
E
M,
I
EE
E
,
and IEEE
Power
E
n
g
i
neeri
n
g So
ci
ety
(PES)
200
8
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.