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ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
t
h
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
w
a
s
d
ea
lt
[
5
]
to
ac
co
m
p
li
s
h
a
b
etter
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
an
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
n
o
v
el
s
i
n
g
le
s
w
itc
h
AC
-
DC
P
FC
to
p
o
lo
g
y
,
t
h
i
s
w
as
d
o
n
e.
I
t
is
co
n
v
i
n
ce
d
th
at
I
n
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
ti
n
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
i
s
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
o
n
e
b
o
th
at
p
r
esen
t
an
d
in
f
u
t
u
r
e
[
6
]
b
y
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ati
n
g
a
n
d
v
ali
d
atin
g
v
ar
io
u
s
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
o
s
u
p
p
l
y
m
ed
iu
m
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
p
o
w
er
s
ig
n
al
s
to
th
e
i
n
d
u
cto
r
a
u
n
iq
u
el
y
d
es
ig
n
ed
o
u
tp
u
t
r
eso
n
an
t
c
ir
cu
it
is
u
s
e
d
alo
n
g
w
it
h
a
n
e
x
clu
s
i
v
e
i
n
v
er
ter
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
1
0
-
k
W
d
u
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
eso
n
an
t
cir
cu
it,
w
h
ich
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
at
1
0
k
Hz
an
d
1
0
0
k
Hz,
m
a
k
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
w
o
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
n
a
m
el
y
s
ilico
n
(
Si)
an
d
s
ilico
n
ca
r
b
id
e
(
SiC
)
.
E
f
f
icien
c
y
an
d
l
o
s
s
o
f
p
o
w
er
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
u
s
in
g
b
o
th
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
an
d
lis
ted
[
7
]
.
R
esear
ch
o
n
t
h
e
s
tr
e
n
g
th
o
f
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
y
[
8
]
w
a
s
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
w
h
ic
h
a
r
eso
n
an
t
co
n
tr
o
l
tr
ac
k
s
th
e
co
r
r
ec
t
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
o
r
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
Me
t
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
tu
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
w
er
e
a
ls
o
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
i
n
d
etail
d
u
r
in
g
v
er
y
lo
w
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
/
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cie
s
.
Ho
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
a
DC
-
b
ased
n
a
n
o
-
g
r
id
s
f
o
r
m
th
e
m
aj
o
r
p
o
r
tio
n
in
r
ec
en
t
s
t
u
d
ies
o
n
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
.
I
n
d
u
ctio
n
h
e
atin
g
w
as
co
n
s
id
er
ed
[
9
]
as
an
ex
a
m
p
le
f
o
r
s
u
c
h
a
s
tu
d
y
.
Her
e
d
etailed
d
esig
n
i
n
g
,
w
h
ic
h
in
cl
u
d
ed
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
er
e
tak
e
n
i
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
w
as
al
s
o
d
o
n
e
o
n
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
An
i
n
n
o
v
ati
v
e
s
o
f
t
-
s
w
i
tch
in
g
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
eso
n
an
t
i
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
i
n
d
u
ct
io
n
h
ea
tin
g
w
a
s
d
etailed
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
is
u
s
e
s
a
cu
r
r
en
t
-
p
h
a
s
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l,
w
h
ic
h
ad
j
u
s
t
s
th
e
p
h
a
s
e
s
h
i
f
t
an
g
le
a
m
o
n
g
a
co
u
p
le
o
f
h
al
f
-
b
r
id
g
e
i
n
v
er
ter
u
n
i
ts
.
B
y
t
h
i
s
m
eth
o
d
,
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
tin
g
lo
ad
r
eso
n
an
t
cu
r
r
en
t
is
s
u
p
er
v
is
ed
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
ll
ed
at
t
y
p
ical
in
ter
v
a
ls
u
s
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
.
A
lo
n
g
t
h
i
s
e
f
f
icien
c
y
i
s
a
ls
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
a
d
u
al
m
o
d
e
p
o
w
er
r
eg
u
latio
n
m
et
h
o
d
.
A
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
ze
r
o
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
f
t
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
,
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
at
n
o
r
m
al
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
u
tili
t
y
AC
m
ai
n
s
to
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
AC
r
e
s
o
n
a
n
t
p
o
w
e
r
co
n
v
er
ter
u
s
ed
in
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
ti
n
g
ap
p
lia
n
ce
s
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
is
co
n
v
er
ter
m
a
n
ag
e
s
th
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
in
t
h
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
an
y
d
io
d
e
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tif
ier
alo
n
g
w
ith
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
.
A
n
a
l
y
s
is
an
d
d
esi
g
n
o
f
a
n
o
v
el
A
c
-
AC
r
eso
n
an
t
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
ti
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
co
n
s
ti
tu
ti
n
g
h
al
f
b
r
id
g
e
r
eso
n
an
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
wer
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
is
co
n
v
er
ter
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
g
w
it
h
ze
r
o
v
o
ltag
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
w
h
ile
th
e
s
w
i
tch
is
ON
a
n
d
O
FF
.
T
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
at
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
i
s
d
o
u
b
led
w
it
h
t
h
i
s
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
t
h
er
eb
y
r
ed
u
c
in
g
t
h
e
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
A
b
o
v
e
al
l
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
-
h
ea
ti
n
g
ap
p
lian
ce
s
n
ee
d
d
is
tin
ct
f
ea
t
u
r
es
li
k
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
p
o
w
er
lev
el
s
at
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
i
n
a
s
m
aller
en
c
lo
s
u
r
e,
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
o
p
er
atin
g
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e,
h
u
g
e
v
ar
iatio
n
i
n
lo
ad
an
d
co
s
t
-
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e.
A
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
w
a
s
g
iv
e
n
[
1
3
]
w
ith
a
less
er
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
ch
ea
p
er
an
d
r
elia
b
le
w
h
ich
m
a
k
e
u
s
e
o
f
a
d
ir
ec
t A
C
-
AC
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
is
to
p
o
lo
g
y
h
as
s
o
f
t
s
w
itc
h
in
g
d
u
r
i
n
g
b
o
th
t
u
r
n
-
o
n
a
n
d
t
u
r
n
-
o
f
f
th
er
eb
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
e
f
f
icien
c
y
.
A
s
tr
aig
h
t
f
o
r
w
ar
d
p
o
w
er
-
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
w
a
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
[
1
4
]
f
o
r
a
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
cla
s
s
-
D
in
v
er
ter
,
w
h
ich
h
as
a
v
ar
iab
le
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle.
T
h
i
s
is
co
n
v
e
n
ien
t
to
h
ea
t
a
n
in
d
u
ctio
n
-
h
ea
ti
n
g
ap
p
lia
n
ce
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
a
v
a
s
t
r
an
g
e
o
f
p
o
w
er
r
eg
u
latio
n
as
w
ell
as
ea
s
y
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
.
Fo
u
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
to
p
o
l
o
g
ies
o
f
i
n
v
er
ter
s
f
o
r
in
d
u
ctio
n
co
o
k
er
s
w
er
e
d
ea
lt
w
it
h
[
1
5
-
1
6
]
an
d
th
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
w
i
th
r
esp
ec
t
to
s
tr
ess
o
n
th
e
d
ev
ice,
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
e
f
f
icien
c
y
w
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
.
A
s
in
g
le
s
w
itc
h
s
i
lico
n
ca
r
b
id
e
J
FET
r
eso
n
an
t
in
v
er
ter
,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
n
o
r
m
all
y
O
N,
is
u
s
e
d
i
n
a
n
in
d
u
ctio
n
-
h
ea
tin
g
ap
p
lia
n
ce
[
1
7
-
1
8
]
an
d
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
is
m
ad
e
w
it
h
Si
I
GB
T
s
an
d
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
An
i
n
n
o
v
ati
v
e
d
r
i
v
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
w
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
[
1
9
]
w
it
h
ze
r
o
v
o
ltag
e
s
w
i
tch
in
g
to
p
o
lo
g
y
,
w
h
ich
w
a
s
clai
m
ed
to
h
av
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
cr
is
is
o
f
p
ea
k
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
.
U
s
ag
e
o
f
L
itz
-
w
ir
e
p
lan
ar
w
i
n
d
in
g
s
,
w
h
ich
h
as
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
-
d
ep
en
d
en
t
r
esi
s
tan
ce
,
in
in
d
u
ctio
n
ap
p
lian
ce
s
,
i
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
[
2
0
]
.
A
co
m
p
ar
at
iv
e
s
t
u
d
y
h
as
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
w
it
h
v
ar
io
u
s
w
ir
es
f
o
r
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
.
Sin
ce
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
ap
p
lian
ce
w
it
h
f
l
u
ctu
at
in
g
in
d
u
cti
o
n
lo
ad
s
i
s
a
th
r
ea
t
to
d
esig
n
i
n
g
a
r
eso
n
a
n
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
w
it
h
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
[
2
1
]
a
v
ar
iab
le
s
n
u
b
b
er
to
p
o
lo
g
y
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
i
s
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
v
er
a
b
r
o
a
d
er
p
o
w
er
o
u
tp
u
t,
[
2
2
]
a
h
alf
-
b
r
id
g
e
in
v
er
ter
f
u
n
c
tio
n
in
g
i
n
t
w
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
es
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
T
h
is
m
a
k
es
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
c
h
ea
p
er
in
ter
m
s
o
f
co
s
t
a
n
d
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
.
A
m
u
ltip
lied
o
u
tp
u
t,
b
o
o
s
t
SEP
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C
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FC
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DC
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er
ter
to
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m
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ce
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o
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o
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m
u
ltip
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lo
ad
s
y
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te
m
s
[
2
3
]
h
a
s
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p
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p
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.
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n
o
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el
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o
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ag
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f
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n
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i
n
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h
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ar
iab
le
p
o
w
er
an
d
co
n
s
ta
n
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
[
2
4
]
w
a
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
SEP
I
C
w
it
h
f
u
zz
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n
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o
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in
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ap
p
lian
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.
T
h
is
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t
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ter
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An
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p
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y
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ted
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y
u
s
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d
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a
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p
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ls
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d
u
latio
n
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e
a
n
d
s
o
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r
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s
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h
a
r
m
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ctio
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[
2
5
]
h
as
b
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m
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m
e
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ted
.
T
h
is
ap
p
lies
a
s
u
b
-
s
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h
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m
e
f
o
r
r
eg
u
lat
in
g
p
o
w
er
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
e
f
f
icien
c
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
I
mp
r
o
ve
d
Time
R
esp
o
n
s
es o
f
P
I
&
F
L
C
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lled
S
E
P
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C
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o
n
ve
r
ter
b
a
s
ed
S
eries
……
(
M
u
th
u
P
eria
s
a
my
)
307
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
liter
atu
r
e
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
ea
l
w
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h
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o
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k
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r
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es
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L
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f
o
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SR
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s
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m
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h
i
s
w
o
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k
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ls
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h
th
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FC
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SEP
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C
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ased
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o
lta
g
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ed
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s
ed
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o
p
f
u
ll
b
r
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g
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ie
s
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n
t
i
n
d
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ct
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n
h
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ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
i
n
d
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ctio
n
h
ea
tin
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
r
o
n
t
en
d
P
FC
-
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
f
ed
s
er
ies
r
eso
n
an
t
i
n
v
er
ter
is
co
n
t
r
o
lled
b
y
th
e
P
I
o
r
Fu
zz
y
L
o
g
ic
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
(
FLC)
.
P
FC
-
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
m
ai
n
t
ain
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
v
o
l
tag
e
at
u
n
it
y
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
m
ain
s
.
T
h
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
b
ased
Vo
ltag
e
Fed
F
u
ll
B
r
id
g
e
Ser
ies
R
eso
n
a
n
t
I
n
v
er
te
r
(
VFFB
SR
I
)
co
n
v
er
ts
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
at
a
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
1
0
k
Hz
to
a
lev
el
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
tin
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
th
e
i
n
d
u
c
tio
n
h
ea
ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
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d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
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ti
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
is
s
u
p
p
lied
to
th
e
r
ec
tif
ier
,
w
h
ich
i
s
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
a
DC
-
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
,
w
h
ic
h
is
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ta
g
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
An
in
v
er
ter
f
o
llo
w
s
t
h
e
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
w
h
ich
is
f
u
r
t
h
er
s
u
p
p
lied
to
t
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
t
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
.
2.
D
UT
Y
CY
CL
E
M
O
DULAT
I
O
N
T
E
CH
NI
Q
U
E
F
O
R
AS
YM
M
E
T
RICAL
CO
ND
I
T
I
O
N
C
o
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
Sq
u
ar
e
W
av
e
(
SW
)
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
s
i
g
n
if
ie
s
lar
g
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cie
s
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
lo
w
an
d
m
ed
i
u
m
p
o
w
er
.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
g
o
o
d
ef
f
icien
c
y
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
n
k
,
t
h
e
f
a
n
h
a
s
to
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
is
to
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
m
o
d
i
f
ied
co
n
tr
o
l
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
w
h
ic
h
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
wh
ile
m
ai
n
tai
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
w
it
h
n
o
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
c
h
an
g
es.
T
o
ac
co
m
p
li
s
h
th
is
a
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
a
n
d
t
h
eo
r
etica
l a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
m
o
d
u
latio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t.
A
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
is
ap
p
lied
to
i
m
p
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o
v
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
a
n
d
to
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cr
ea
s
e
o
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t
p
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t.
Fi
n
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ar
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n
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s
m
ad
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b
et
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n
s
i
m
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la
tio
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a
n
d
h
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d
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r
es
u
lt
s
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
3.
P
ARAM
E
T
E
RS O
F
I
N
DUT
I
O
N
H
E
AT
I
N
G
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
ep
icts
th
e
eq
u
i
v
alen
t c
ir
cu
it
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
h
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tin
g
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il
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
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q
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t
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cu
it
m
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o
f
th
e
h
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g
co
il
W
h
er
e,
V
p
=
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y
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(
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I
p
=
p
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r
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t (
A
)
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p
=
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m
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er
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f
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s
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s
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ar
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p
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p
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)
g
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s
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p
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eq
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ter
m
s
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f
p
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r
r
en
t a
n
d
t
u
r
n
s
.
P
=
I
²
s
R
W
atts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
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t J
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
&
Dr
i S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
8
:
305
–
3
1
5
308
2
()
pp
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N
d
P
W
a
t
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s
L
(
2
)
W
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2
m
e
t
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r
s
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ρ
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s
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v
it
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f
t
h
e
w
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iece
μ
=
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e
m
ag
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etic
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er
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ea
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ilit
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f
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p
iece
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c
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f
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y
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m
ag
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f
ield
4.
S
I
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
AND
DIS
CUSS
I
O
N
4
.
1
.
S
E
P
I
C
w
it
h P
I
co
ntr
o
ll
er
Si
m
u
li
n
k
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
b
ased
Vo
ltag
e
F
ed
Fu
ll
B
r
id
g
e
Ser
ies
R
eso
n
a
n
t
I
n
v
er
ter
(
VFFB
SR
I
)
in
d
u
c
tio
n
h
ea
t
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
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n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
p
e
ak
v
al
u
e
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
5
0
V
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
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r
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h
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o
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n
d
am
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n
t i
s
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an
d
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e
h
ar
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e
n
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li
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u
r
e
3
.
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ir
cu
it d
ia
g
r
a
m
o
f
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E
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I
C
w
it
h
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S
R
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clo
s
ed
-
l
o
o
p
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I
c
o
n
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o
lled
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d
u
ctio
n
h
e
atin
g
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y
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te
m
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
I
n
p
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
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d
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r
r
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t
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
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al
y
s
is
f
o
r
in
p
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t o
f
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
w
it
h
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
er
E
lectr
o
n
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
I
mp
r
o
ve
d
Time
R
esp
o
n
s
es o
f
P
I
&
F
L
C
o
n
tr
o
lled
S
E
P
I
C
C
o
n
ve
r
ter
b
a
s
ed
S
eries
……
(
M
u
th
u
P
eria
s
a
my
)
309
Ou
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
SEP
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
is
s
h
o
w
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in
F
ig
u
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6
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1
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0
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.
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co
n
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w
ill b
e
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e
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e
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ar
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SR
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RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Ra
h
u
l
P
a
n
d
e
y
l,
Bh
im
S
in
g
h
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
t
y
S
EP
I
C
Co
n
v
e
rter
F
e
d
S
e
ries
Re
so
n
a
n
t
In
v
e
rter
f
o
r
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
He
a
ter”
,
1
st
IE
EE
I
n
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
.
I
n
telli
g
e
n
t
C
o
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
En
e
rg
y
S
y
ste
ms
(
ICPE
ICES
-
2
0
1
6
)
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
]
Je
su
s
A
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
Do
m
e
stic
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
A
p
p
li
a
n
c
e
s’,
IEE
E
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
M
a
g
a
zin
e
,
v
o
l
1
6
,
No
.
2
,
p
p
.
3
9
-
4
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[3
]
M
o
re
lan
d
W
C.
,
“
T
h
e
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
Ra
n
g
e
:
Its
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
Its
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
P
r
o
b
lem
s
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
IA
-
9
,
No
.
1
,
p
p
-
81
-
8
5
,
1
9
7
3
.
[4
]
A
tsu
sh
i
F
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
L
a
te
st
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
ts
o
f
h
ig
h
-
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
se
ries
lo
a
d
re
so
n
a
n
t
i
n
v
e
rter
t
y
p
e
b
u
il
t
-
in
c
o
o
k
to
p
s
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o
r
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
ted
a
ll
m
e
t
a
ll
ic
a
p
p
li
a
n
c
e
s”
,
IEE
E
6
t
h
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
M
o
ti
o
n
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n
tro
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Co
n
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re
n
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e
,
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M
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0
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.
p
p
.
2
5
3
7
–
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5
4
4
,
2
0
0
9
.
[5
]
P
.
M
u
t
h
u
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
S
EP
IC
Co
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
P
o
w
e
r
F
a
c
to
r
Co
rre
c
ti
o
n
in
F
re
e
Bio
m
a
ss
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
He
a
ti
n
g
S
y
ste
m
”
,
In
t.
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Bio
S
c
ien
c
e
s an
d
E
n
g
g
,
v
o
l
3
,
No
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
5
-
3
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[6
]
L
u
c
ía
O.,
e
t.
a
l.
,
"
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
t
in
g
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
it
s
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s:
P
a
st
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
ts,
c
u
rre
n
t
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
d
f
u
tu
re
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s"
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
strial
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e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
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1
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p
p
.
2
5
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5
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0
,
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
Estev
e
V
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
"
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
S
tu
d
y
o
f
a
S
in
g
le
In
v
e
rter
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g
e
f
o
r
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a
l
-
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re
q
u
e
n
c
y
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u
c
ti
o
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ti
n
g
Us
in
g
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i
a
n
d
S
iC
M
O
S
F
ET
s"
,
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E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
I
n
d
u
strial
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e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
6
2
,
p
p
.
1
4
4
0
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1
4
5
0
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2
0
1
5
.
[8
]
Ng
u
y
e
n
KL
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
Ro
b
u
stn
e
ss
o
f
a
Re
so
n
a
n
t
Co
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
f
o
r
a
M
u
lt
ip
h
a
se
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
He
a
ti
n
g
S
y
st
e
m
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
I
n
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l.
5
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
1
5
.
[9
]
L
u
c
ía
O.,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
h
o
m
e
a
p
p
li
a
n
c
e
s
f
o
r
a
DC
-
b
a
s
e
d
n
a
n
o
g
rid
sy
ste
m
:
A
n
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
ra
n
g
e
stu
d
y
c
a
s
e
”
,
IEE
E
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Em
e
r
g
in
g
a
n
d
S
e
lec
ted
T
o
p
ics
in
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
s,
o
n
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
1
5
-
3
2
6
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
0
]
M
ish
im
a
T
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
A
Ne
w
Cu
r
re
n
t
P
h
a
so
r
-
C
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
d
Z
V
S
T
w
i
n
Ha
lf
-
Brid
g
e
Hig
h
-
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
R
e
so
n
a
n
t
I
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
He
a
ti
n
g
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
d
u
strial
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e
c
tr
o
n
ic
s,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
2
5
3
1
-
2
5
4
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
1
]
M
ish
im
a
T
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
Brid
g
e
les
s
BHB
ZV
S
-
P
W
M
A
C
-
A
C
Co
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
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h
-
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
H
e
a
ti
n
g
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
In
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l.
5
1
,
No
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
3
0
4
-
3
3
1
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
2
]
S
a
rn
a
g
o
H
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
Hig
h
E
ff
icie
n
c
y
A
C
–
A
C
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
Co
n
v
e
rter
A
p
p
li
e
d
to
Do
m
e
stic
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
He
a
ti
n
g
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
2
7
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
3
6
7
6
-
3
6
8
4
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
3
]
S
a
rn
a
g
o
H.,
e
t.
a
l.
,
"
E
ff
icie
n
t
a
n
d
c
o
st
-
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
ZCS
d
irec
t
a
c
-
a
c
re
so
n
a
n
t
c
o
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
ti
n
g
"
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
I
n
d
u
strial
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e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
2
5
4
6
-
2
5
5
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
4
]
P
a
rk
N.,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
A
P
o
w
e
r
-
Co
n
tro
l
S
c
h
e
m
e
W
it
h
Co
n
sta
n
t
S
w
it
c
h
i
n
g
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
in
Clas
s
-
D
In
v
e
rter
f
o
r
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
-
He
a
ti
n
g
Ja
r
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
I
n
d
u
strial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
5
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
2
5
2
-
1
2
6
0
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
5
]
L
lo
re
n
te,
S
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
re
so
n
a
n
t
in
v
e
rter
t
o
p
o
l
o
g
ies
u
se
d
in
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
c
o
o
k
e
rs”
,
S
e
v
e
n
tee
n
th
A
n
n
u
a
l
IEE
E
A
p
p
li
e
d
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
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Co
n
f
e
re
n
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e
a
n
d
Ex
p
o
siti
o
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,
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0
0
2
.
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P
EC
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0
0
2
.
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o
l.
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o
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p
.
1
1
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8
-
1
1
7
4
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
6
]
Ce
ti
n
S
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
d
u
a
l
h
a
l
f
-
b
rid
g
e
in
v
e
rter
to
p
o
l
o
g
ies
u
se
d
in
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
c
o
o
k
in
g
”
,
6
t
h
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
/E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
Co
m
p
u
ter,
T
e
le
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
2
0
0
9
.
ECT
I
-
CON
2
0
0
9
.
[1
7
]
M
o
li
n
a
G
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
S
il
ico
n
c
a
rb
i
d
e
JFE
T
re
so
n
a
n
t
i
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
ti
n
g
h
o
m
e
a
p
p
li
a
n
c
e
s”
,
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
3
7
th
A
n
n
u
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
IEE
E
In
d
u
strial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
S
o
c
iety
(IE
CON
),
v
o
l.
1
p
p
.
2
5
5
1
-
2
5
5
6
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
8
]
Av
e
ll
a
n
e
d
J.,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
Ha
lf
-
b
rid
g
e
re
so
n
a
n
t
in
v
e
rter
w
it
h
S
iC
c
a
sc
a
d
e
a
p
p
li
e
d
to
d
o
m
e
stic
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
ti
n
g
”
,
Tw
e
n
t
y
-
Ei
g
h
th
A
n
n
u
a
l
IEE
E
A
p
p
li
e
d
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
a
n
d
Ex
p
o
siti
o
n
(A
P
EC)
,
p
p
.
1
2
2
-
1
2
7
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
9
]
S
a
o
u
d
i,
M
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
"
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
c
o
o
k
in
g
sy
ste
m
s
w
it
h
sin
g
le
sw
it
c
h
i
n
v
e
rter
u
sin
g
n
e
w
d
riv
in
g
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
s"
,
IEE
E
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
In
d
u
str
i
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
(IS
I
E),
p
p
.
8
7
8
-
8
8
3
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
0
]
A
c
e
ro
J.,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
-
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
re
sista
n
c
e
in
li
tz
-
w
ire
p
lan
a
r
w
in
d
in
g
s
f
o
r
d
o
m
e
stic
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
ti
n
g
a
p
p
li
a
n
c
e
s”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
2
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
8
5
6
–
8
6
6
,
2
0
0
6
.
[2
1
]
L
u
c
ía
JO
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
“
Co
n
f
ig
u
ra
b
le
sn
u
b
b
e
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
f
o
r
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
re
so
n
a
n
t
c
o
n
v
e
rters
a
p
p
li
e
d
t
o
m
u
lt
i
-
lo
a
d
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
e
a
ti
n
g
”
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
L
e
tt
e
rs,
v
o
l.
4
7
,
n
N
o
.
1
7
,
p
p
.
9
8
9
-
9
9
1
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
2
]
S
a
rn
a
g
o
H,
e
t.
a
l.
,
"
Clas
s
-
D/D
E
d
u
a
l
-
m
o
d
e
-
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
re
so
n
a
n
t
c
o
n
v
e
rter
f
o
r
i
m
p
ro
v
e
d
-
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
d
o
m
e
stic
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
h
a
ti
n
g
sy
ste
m
"
,
IEE
E
Tran
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
P
o
w
e
rEl
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
2
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
2
7
4
-
1
2
8
5
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
3
]
S
a
th
iy
a
m
o
o
rth
y
S
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
"
A
No
v
e
l
Hig
h
G
a
in
S
EP
IC
C
o
n
v
e
rter
w
it
h
th
e
T
a
p
p
e
d
In
d
u
c
to
r
M
o
d
e
l
Op
e
ra
ti
n
g
in
Disc
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
Co
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
f
o
r
P
o
w
e
rF
a
c
to
r
Co
rre
c
ti
o
n
"
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
(
IJP
EDS
)
Vo
l.
7
,
N
o
.
2
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
4
5
0
~
4
5
9
.
[2
4
]
M
e
ry
e
m
Ou
d
d
a
.
,
e
t.
a
l.
,
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
S
y
ste
m
w
it
h
S
EP
IC
Co
n
v
e
rter
Co
n
tro
l
led
b
y
th
e
F
u
z
z
y
L
o
g
ic
”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
(
IJP
EDS
)
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
4
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
2
8
3
~
1
2
9
3
.
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