I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
w
er
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
Sy
s
t
e
m
(
I
J
P
E
DS
)
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
201
8
,
p
p
.
504
~
5
1
8
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
p
ed
s
.
v
9
.
i
2
.
pp
5
0
4
-
518
504
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
co
r
e.
co
m/jo
u
r
n
a
ls
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/
I
JP
E
DS
Lev
el
S
hif
ted
Disco
ntinuou
s P
WM
Algo
rith
m
s
to
M
ini
m
i
ze
C
o
m
m
o
n
M
o
de
V
o
ltag
e f
o
r
C
a
sca
ded
M
ultilevel
I
nv
erte
r
F
ed
I
nduction
M
o
tor
D
riv
e
M
.
Na
y
ee
m
ud
di
n
1
,
T
.
B
ra
m
ha
na
nd
a
Reddy
2
,
M
.
Vij
a
y
a
K
u
m
a
r
3
1
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
JN
T
U
A
,
A
n
a
th
a
p
u
ra
m
u
,
In
d
ia
2
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
G
.
P
u
l
la Re
d
d
y
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Co
ll
e
g
e
,
Ku
rn
o
o
l
,
In
d
ia
3
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
JN
T
U
A
,
A
n
a
th
a
p
u
ra
m
u
,
In
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
an
1
2
,
2
0
1
8
R
ev
i
s
ed
A
p
r
1
0
,
2
0
1
8
A
cc
ep
ted
A
p
r
24
,
2
0
1
8
T
h
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
re
se
n
ts
c
o
m
b
in
a
ti
o
n
s
o
f
le
v
e
l
sh
i
f
ted
p
u
lse
-
w
id
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
w
it
h
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
d
isc
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
p
u
lse
-
w
id
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
c
a
sc
a
d
e
d
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rters
.
In
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
D
P
W
M
a
z
e
ro
se
q
u
e
n
c
e
sig
n
a
l
is
in
jec
ted
i
n
sin
u
so
i
d
a
l
re
fe
r
e
n
c
e
sig
n
a
l
to
g
e
n
e
ra
t
e
v
a
rio
u
s
m
o
d
u
lato
rs
w
it
h
e
a
sie
r
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
a
n
a
ly
sis
f
o
u
r
v
a
rio
u
s
c
o
n
tr
o
l
stra
teg
ies
n
a
m
e
l
y
Co
m
m
o
n
Ca
rrier (CC),
In
v
e
rted
Ca
rrier (I
C),
P
h
a
se
S
h
if
ted
(P
S
)
a
n
d
I
n
v
e
rted
P
h
a
se
S
h
if
t
(
IP
S
)
f
o
r
c
a
sc
a
d
e
d
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rter
f
e
d
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
il
lu
stra
ted
.
T
o
v
a
li
d
a
te
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
w
o
rk
e
x
p
e
ri
m
e
n
tal
tes
ts
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
c
a
rried
o
u
t
u
si
n
g
d
S
P
A
CE
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r.
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
stu
d
y
p
ro
v
e
s
th
a
t
u
sin
g
p
ro
p
o
se
d
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
i
n
c
o
m
m
o
n
-
m
o
d
e
v
o
lt
a
g
e
w
it
h
fe
we
r
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics
a
lo
n
g
w
i
th
re
d
u
c
e
d
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
lo
ss
f
o
r
a
c
a
sc
a
d
e
d
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rter f
e
d
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
h
a
s b
e
e
n
a
c
h
iev
e
d
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
C
ascad
ed
m
u
lti le
v
el
i
n
v
er
ter
Mu
lticar
r
ier
P
W
M
C
o
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
ltag
e
(
C
MV
)
DP
W
M
T
o
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
d
is
to
r
tio
n
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
8
In
s
t
it
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
M.
Na
y
ee
m
u
d
d
in
,
Dep
ar
te
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
R
esear
ch
Sch
o
lar
,
J
NT
UA
,
An
an
tap
u
r
a
m
u
,
I
n
d
ia
E
m
ail:
n
a
y
ee
m
g
p
r
ec
@
g
m
a
il.c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
,
m
u
l
tile
v
el
in
v
er
ter
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
i
n
te
n
s
i
v
el
y
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
p
o
w
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
s
o
m
e
o
f
i
n
ter
est
in
g
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
s
o
f
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
i
n
v
er
ter
s
s
u
c
h
as
lo
w
d
is
to
r
tio
n
i
n
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
w
i
t
h
r
elativ
e
les
s
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
ltag
e,
lo
w
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
a
n
d
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
i
n
ter
f
er
e
n
c
e
(
E
MI
)
,
attr
ac
ted
r
esear
ch
er
atten
tio
n
s
[
1
-
4
]
.
M
u
ltil
e
v
el
I
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
m
an
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
u
n
i
n
ter
r
u
p
tib
le
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
(
UP
S),
Me
d
iu
m
v
o
lta
g
e
I
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
(
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
)
d
r
iv
es,
s
h
ip
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
I
n
d
u
ctio
n
h
ea
t
i
n
g
,
h
i
g
h
v
o
ltag
e
d
ir
ec
t c
u
r
r
e
n
t (
HVD
C
)
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
,
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
,
r
a
il
w
a
y
lo
co
m
o
ti
v
es,
ac
tiv
e
f
i
lter
s
,
w
i
n
d
E
n
er
g
y
S
y
s
te
m
,
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
le
f
lex
ib
l
e
A
C
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
(
FAC
T
S).
As
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
lev
el
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
is
v
er
y
clo
s
e
to
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
s
i
g
n
a
l
r
ed
u
ce
s
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
.
T
h
eir
m
a
in
to
p
o
lo
g
ie
s
s
u
ch
a
s
:
d
io
d
e
-
cla
m
p
ed
t
y
p
e,
ca
s
ca
d
ed
t
y
p
e
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
cla
m
p
e
d
t
y
p
e
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
r
ee
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
es
s
u
c
h
a
s
s
e
lecti
v
e
h
ar
m
o
n
i
c
eli
m
in
atio
n
P
W
M
(
SHEP
W
M)
,
ca
r
r
ier
-
b
ased
PW
M
(
C
P
W
M)
,
an
d
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
P
W
M
(
SVPW
M)
,
h
av
e
b
ee
n
f
a
v
o
r
ab
l
y
u
s
ed
i
n
p
r
ac
tice.
B
ec
au
s
e
o
f
h
av
in
g
a
s
m
a
ll
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
,
t
h
e
s
elec
tiv
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
e
li
m
in
a
tio
n
P
W
M
m
et
h
o
d
s
h
o
w
s
b
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
eo
u
s
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
p
o
w
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
w
o
r
e
m
ai
n
in
g
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
in
v
ar
io
u
s
f
ield
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
ei
r
ex
ce
lle
n
t
P
W
M
q
u
alitie
s
.
T
h
e
DP
W
M
m
e
th
o
d
s
o
f
t
w
o
-
l
ev
el
i
n
v
er
ter
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
t
u
d
ied
f
o
r
m
a
n
y
y
ea
r
s
,
an
d
th
e
y
ar
e
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
as
an
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
o
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
lo
s
s
[
5
-
6
]
.
DP
W
M
m
et
h
o
d
s
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
li
ze
d
u
s
in
g
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
P
W
M
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
y
eli
m
in
a
tin
g
o
n
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
ed
u
n
d
a
n
t
ze
r
o
v
ec
to
r
s
in
th
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
s
tate
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
;
o
r
ca
r
r
ier
-
b
ase
d
P
W
M
o
n
es
b
y
ad
d
in
g
o
f
f
s
et
to
m
a
k
e
s
o
m
e
le
g
-
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Leve
l sh
ifted
Dis
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
P
WM
A
lg
o
r
ith
ms to
min
imi
z
e
co
mmo
n
mo
d
e
v
o
lta
g
e
…
(
M.
N
a
ye
emu
d
d
in
)
505
v
o
ltag
e
atta
in
o
n
e
o
f
t
w
o
d
c
-
r
ail
lev
els
[
7
-
1
0
]
.
So
m
e
s
t
u
d
ie
s
w
er
e
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
o
n
th
e
a
n
al
y
zi
n
g
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
s
o
f
DP
W
M
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
n
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t r
ip
p
le
.
T
h
r
ee
lev
el
i
n
v
er
ter
s
co
n
ti
n
u
e
to
attr
ac
t
th
e
a
tten
tio
n
o
f
r
esear
c
h
er
s
e
v
er
s
i
n
ce
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
Nab
ae
,
A
.
et.
al.
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
o
u
g
h
s
i
m
p
le
a
n
d
eleg
an
t,
th
e
n
e
u
tr
a
l
-
cla
m
p
ed
cir
cu
it
to
p
o
lo
g
y
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
in
[
1
1
]
,
h
as
a
f
e
w
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
es.
T
h
e
n
eu
t
r
al
p
o
in
t
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
is
a
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
en
co
u
n
ter
ed
p
r
o
b
lem
i
n
th
i
s
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
,
as
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
th
e
D
C
-
b
u
s
ca
r
r
y
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
ts
.
Als
o
,
t
h
er
e
is
a
n
a
m
b
ig
u
it
y
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
ati
n
g
o
f
th
e
s
e
m
i
-
co
n
d
u
cto
r
d
ev
ice
s
,
w
h
ich
ar
e
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
n
e
u
tr
al
p
o
in
t
.
T
h
is
ca
lls
f
o
r
a
co
n
s
er
v
ati
v
e
s
e
lectio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
d
ev
ices f
o
r
r
eliab
le
o
p
er
atio
n
,
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
t
h
e
co
s
t.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
a
n
e
w
c
ir
cu
it
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
f
o
r
a
3
-
le
v
el
in
v
er
ter
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
f
ig
u
r
e1
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
I
n
t
h
is
cir
cu
it
co
n
f
ig
u
r
at
io
n
,
3
-
lev
e
l
i
n
v
er
s
io
n
is
r
ea
lized
b
y
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
t
w
o
2
-
lev
el
i
n
v
er
ter
s
i
n
ca
s
ca
d
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
DC
-
li
n
k
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
i
n
t
h
i
s
cir
cu
i
t
d
o
n
o
t
ca
r
r
y
t
h
e
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
ts
an
d
h
e
n
ce
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
f
l
u
ctu
a
tio
n
s
in
t
h
e
n
eu
tr
al
p
o
in
t
ar
e
ab
s
en
t.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
e
m
i
-
co
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
e
s
in
o
n
e
b
an
k
(
t
h
r
ee
i
n
n
u
m
b
er
)
in
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
s
in
th
is
cir
c
u
it
h
av
e
to
b
e
r
ated
f
o
r
th
e
f
u
ll
D
C
-
l
in
k
v
o
lta
g
e.
E
ac
h
in
v
er
ter
i
s
p
o
w
er
ed
w
i
th
a
n
i
s
o
lated
DC
-
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
l
y
,
w
i
th
a
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
Vd
c/2
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
s
y
m
b
o
ls
V
a1o
,
V
b1o
,
Vc
1o
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
d
en
o
te
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
es
o
f
i
n
v
er
ter
-
1
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t
to
t
h
e
p
o
in
t
'
O
'
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
,
t
h
e
s
y
m
b
o
ls
V
a2o
,
V
b2o
,
V
c2o
re
s
p
ec
tiv
el
y
d
e
n
o
te
th
e
p
o
le
v
o
ltag
es
o
f
i
n
v
er
ter
-
2
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
p
o
in
t '
O
'
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
S
1
1
c
1
b
1
a
1
V
d
c
/
2
I
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
M
o
t
o
r
D
r
i
v
e
V
d
c
/
2
o
S
1
3
S
1
5
S
1
4
S
1
6
S
1
2
S
2
1
S
2
3
S
2
5
S
2
4
S
2
6
S
2
2
c
2
b
2
a
2
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
r
ee
-
lev
el
ca
s
ca
d
ed
in
v
er
ter
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ati
o
n
T
h
e
p
o
le
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
an
y
p
h
ase
in
in
v
er
ter
-
2
attain
s
a
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
V
dc
,
u
n
d
er
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
:
a)
T
h
e
to
p
s
w
itc
h
o
f
t
h
at
le
g
i
n
in
v
er
ter
-
2
is
t
u
r
n
ed
o
n
.
b
)
T
h
e
to
p
s
w
itc
h
o
f
th
e
co
r
r
es
p
o
n
d
in
g
le
g
in
i
n
v
er
ter
-
1
is
t
u
r
n
ed
o
n
.
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
th
e
p
o
le
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
an
y
p
h
ase
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
-
2
at
tain
s
a
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
V
dc
/2
,
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
:
a)
T
h
e
to
p
s
w
itc
h
o
f
t
h
at
le
g
i
n
in
v
er
ter
-
2
is
t
u
r
n
ed
o
n
.
b
)
T
h
e
b
o
tto
m
s
w
i
tch
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
leg
i
n
i
n
v
er
ter
-
1
is
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
DC
-
i
n
p
u
t
p
o
i
n
ts
o
f
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
p
h
a
s
es
o
f
in
v
er
ter
-
2
m
a
y
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
DC
-
li
n
k
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
eit
h
er
Vd
c
o
r
Vd
c/2
b
y
t
u
r
n
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
to
p
s
w
itc
h
o
r
t
h
e
b
o
tto
m
s
w
itc
h
o
f
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
p
h
ase
leg
in
in
v
er
ter
-
1.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
th
e
p
o
le
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
a
g
i
v
e
n
p
h
ase
in
in
v
er
ter
-
2
attain
s
a
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
ze
r
o
,
i
f
th
e
b
o
tto
m
s
w
itc
h
o
f
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
l
eg
in
in
v
er
ter
-
2
is
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
t
h
e
DC
-
i
n
p
u
t
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
at
p
h
a
s
e
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
-
2
is
f
lo
ati
n
g
as
t
h
e
t
o
p
an
d
b
o
tto
m
s
w
itc
h
es
ar
e
s
w
itc
h
ed
co
m
p
li
m
e
n
tar
il
y
i
n
a
n
y
leg
i
n
a
2
-
le
v
el
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
p
o
le
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
a
g
i
v
e
n
p
h
ase
f
o
r
in
v
e
r
ter
-
2
is
ca
p
a
b
le
o
f
ass
u
m
i
n
g
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
t
h
r
ee
p
o
s
s
ib
le
v
al
u
e
s
0
,
V
dc
/2
an
d
V
dc
w
h
ic
h
is
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tic
o
f
a
th
r
ee
lev
e
l
i
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
m
at
h
e
m
at
ical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
p
o
ten
tial c
an
b
e
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
p
o
le
v
o
lta
g
es
as
3
2
2
2
o
c
o
b
o
a
c
o
m
V
V
V
V
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
504
–
518
506
T
ab
le
1
.
P
o
le
Vo
ltag
e
o
f
I
n
v
er
ter
-
2
S
w
i
t
c
h
e
s tu
r
n
o
n
In
v
e
r
t
e
r
-
I
S
w
i
t
c
h
e
s tu
r
n
o
n
In
v
e
r
t
e
r
-
2
p
o
l
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
o
f
In
v
e
r
t
e
r
-
2
S
1
4
o
r
S
1
6
o
r
S
1
2
S
2
1
o
r
S
2
3
o
r
S
2
5
V
dc
S
1
4
o
r
S
1
6
o
r
S
1
2
S
2
1
o
r
S
2
3
o
r
S
2
5
V
dc
/2
S
1
1
o
r
S
1
3
o
r
S
1
5
S
2
2
o
r
S
2
4
o
r
S
2
6
0
S
1
1
o
r
S
1
3
o
r
S
1
5
S
2
2
o
r
S
2
4
o
r
S
2
6
0
2.
SI
M
P
L
I
F
I
E
D
DIS
CO
N
T
I
N
O
US P
WM
AL
G
O
RI
T
H
M
C
o
n
v
en
t
io
n
al
SVP
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
in
d
ig
ita
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
r
in
ca
r
r
ier
b
ased
m
o
d
u
latio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
n
C
SVP
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
th
e
d
esire
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
is
g
en
er
ated
b
y
ti
m
e
av
er
ag
i
n
g
th
e
s
u
itab
le
d
is
cr
ete
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
s
in
e
v
er
y
s
u
b
cy
cl
e
o
r
s
a
m
p
lin
g
ti
m
e
p
er
io
d
T
s
.
Fo
r
a
g
iv
en
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
v
ec
to
r
an
d
T
s
,
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
T
1
,
T
2
an
d
T
Z
ar
e
u
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
ac
tiv
e
s
ta
te
ti
m
e
d
u
r
atio
n
s
a
n
d
ze
r
o
s
tates ti
m
e
d
u
r
atio
n
in
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t secto
r
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
e
n
i
n
[
3
]
s
r
e
f
T
V
T
)
3
si
n
(
3
si
n
1
(
1
)
s
r
e
f
T
V
T
)
3
si
n
(
3
si
n
1
(
2
)
2
1
T
T
T
T
s
Z
(
3
)
T
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
ti
m
e
s
r
eq
u
ir
es
an
g
le
an
d
s
ec
to
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
h
ic
h
in
cr
ea
s
es
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
o
f
th
e
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
.
H
en
ce
to
r
ed
u
ce
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
in
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
S
VP
W
M,
s
i
m
p
lifie
d
s
ca
lar
P
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
as b
e
en
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
w
h
ic
h
d
o
es n
o
t r
eq
u
ir
e
an
g
le
an
d
s
ec
to
r
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
th
r
ee
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
a
ls
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
)
3
/
)
1
-
(
2
-
(
*
j
t
w
S
i
n
V
V
e
p
i
W
h
er
e
i=a
,
b
,
c
an
d
j
=1
,
2
,
3
(
i
=
j )
(
4
)
I
t
is
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
at
an
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
a
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al
to
ea
c
h
o
f
t
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
m
o
d
u
lato
r
m
ak
e
s
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
u
tili
ze
th
e
DC
b
u
s
v
o
lta
g
e
1
5
.
5
%
m
o
r
e
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
th
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
SP
W
M
m
et
h
o
d
.
I
t
m
ea
n
s
th
a
t
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
b
y
1
5
.
5
%.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
[
1
2
-
13
]
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
in
cr
ea
s
e
s
th
e
DC
b
u
s
u
t
ilizatio
n
b
y
1
5
.
5
%
b
u
t
al
s
o
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
lo
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
e
r
ter
,
it
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
an
d
o
f
f
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
s
w
itc
h
i
s
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
3
3
%
b
y
cla
m
p
i
n
g
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
le
v
o
ltag
e
to
ei
th
er
p
o
s
iti
v
e
b
u
s
o
r
n
e
g
ati
v
e
b
u
s
f
o
r
a
p
er
io
d
o
f
1
2
0
o
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
i
m
p
li
f
ied
d
is
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
al
g
o
r
ith
m
u
s
es
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
i
n
j
ec
ted
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
[
1
2
-
1
3
]
,
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
o
d
u
lato
r
s
ca
n
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
ad
d
in
g
t
h
e
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
to
th
e
t
h
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
s
i
g
n
al,
d
if
f
er
en
t
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
t
h
u
s
lead
s
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
o
d
u
lati
n
g
s
i
g
n
a
ls
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
A
g
en
er
alize
d
e
x
p
r
es
s
io
n
th
at
g
e
n
er
ates
t
h
e
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
V
0
as
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
V
M
, V
m
a
n
d
Z
0
is
g
iv
en
b
y
[
1
4
]
]
*
)
1
(
*
)
*
2
1
[(
0
0
m
o
M
o
V
Z
V
Z
Z
V
(5
)
W
h
er
e
7
0
7
0
T
T
T
Z
(
6
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Leve
l sh
ifted
Dis
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
P
WM
A
lg
o
r
ith
ms to
min
imi
z
e
co
mmo
n
mo
d
e
v
o
lta
g
e
…
(
M.
N
a
ye
emu
d
d
in
)
507
Z
e
r
o
S
e
q
u
e
n
ce
C
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
(
V
o
)
L
e
ve
l
S
h
i
f
t
i
n
g
S
i
g
n
a
l
.
L
e
ve
l
S
h
i
f
t
i
n
g
S
i
g
n
a
l
I
N
V
E
R
T
E
R
-
2
I
N
V
E
R
T
E
R
-
1
Vb
Vc
Va
Fig
u
r
e
2.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
ill
u
s
t
r
atin
g
s
ca
lar
P
W
M
f
o
r
ca
s
ca
d
ed
th
r
ee
lev
el
i
n
v
er
ter
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
B
y
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
v
ar
io
u
s
P
W
M
Mo
d
u
lato
r
s
ca
n
b
e
g
e
n
er
ated
,
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
in
ter
m
s
o
f
V
0
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
as
o
V
i
V
i
V
*
(7
)
T
0
+T
7
=
T
z
g
iv
es
th
e
to
tal
f
r
e
e
w
h
ee
li
n
g
ti
m
e
(
Z
er
o
s
tate
ti
m
e)
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
,
V
M
an
d
V
m
ar
e
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
a
n
d
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
alu
es
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
a
l
(
V
i
)
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
b
y
u
ti
li
zin
g
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
u
n
eq
u
al
d
i
v
is
io
n
o
f
ze
r
o
s
tate
ti
m
e,
v
ar
io
u
s
P
W
M
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
ca
n
b
e
g
e
n
er
ated
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
i
m
p
li
f
ied
DP
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
b
y
v
ar
y
i
n
g
th
e
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
p
ar
titi
o
n
p
ar
am
e
ter
Zo
b
et
w
e
en
0
an
d
1
,
v
ar
io
u
s
P
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ca
n
b
e
g
e
n
er
ated
.
T
ab
le
2
:
G
en
er
atio
n
o
f
C
P
W
M
an
d
DP
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
S
N
o
.
P
W
M
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
Z
e
r
o
se
q
u
e
n
c
e
C
o
mp
o
n
e
n
t
o
V
v
a
l
u
e
1
C
S
V
P
W
M
V
o
=
-
(V
M
+V
m
)
/
2
2
D
P
W
M
1
I
f
|V
m
|
>
V
M
V
o
=
-
(
1
+
V
m
)
I
f
|V
m
|
<
V
M
V
o
=
(
1
-
V
M
)
W
h
en
Z
0
=0
.
5
,
f
r
o
m
eq
u
atio
n
(
7
)
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
eq
u
al
d
iv
is
i
o
n
o
f
ze
r
o
s
tate
ti
m
e,
i.e
.
T
0
=T
7
w
h
ic
h
r
esu
lt
s
in
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
p
a
ce
v
ec
to
r
P
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
a
n
d
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
i
s
eq
u
al
to
av
er
ag
e
o
f
V
M
&
V
m
,
V
0
=
-
(V
M
+V
m
)
/2
.
Am
o
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
C
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
P
W
M
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
ie
s
,
Z
0
=0
.
5
is
th
e
b
est
c
h
o
ice
w
h
ic
h
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
co
n
cl
u
d
ed
in
t
h
e
l
iter
atu
r
e[
1
5
].
I
n
ca
s
e
DP
W
M,
ch
an
g
e
o
f
Z
0
f
r
o
m
1
to
0
co
in
cid
es
w
ith
m
id
d
le
o
f
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al,
t
h
e
r
esu
lta
n
t
m
o
d
u
l
a
tin
g
s
i
g
n
al
is
k
n
o
w
n
as
DP
W
M1
w
h
ic
h
cla
m
p
s
at
an
y
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
tim
e
in
s
tan
t
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
o
le
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
n
eg
ativ
e
b
u
s
f
o
r
a
p
er
io
d
o
f
1
2
0
0
w
h
ile
t
h
e
o
th
er
t
w
o
ar
e
m
o
d
u
l
atin
g
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Sh
o
w
in
g
DP
MW
1
Mo
u
lato
r
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
(
a
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
(
b
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
(
c
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
(
d
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
(
e
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
(
f
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
w
t
(
i
n
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
)
:
(
g
)
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
-1
0
1
w
t
(
i
n
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
)
:
(
h
)
Z
o
=
0
Z
o
=
0
.
5
Z
o
=
1
Z
o
=
0
Z
o
=
1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
504
–
518
508
3.
M
UL
T
I
CARI
E
R
CO
N
T
RO
L
ST
RAT
E
G
I
E
S
T
o
g
eth
er
w
it
h
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
i
n
v
er
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
ap
p
ea
r
ed
th
e
ch
alle
n
g
e
to
ex
ten
d
tr
ad
itio
n
al
m
o
d
u
latio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
to
th
e
m
u
l
tile
v
el
ca
s
e.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
ca
n
s
u
b
d
iv
id
e
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
in
to
th
r
ee
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
class
e
s
,
n
a
m
e
l
y
,
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal,
m
i
x
ed
an
d
h
ig
h
s
witch
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
Fu
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
s
w
i
tch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
w
i
tch
co
m
m
u
tatio
n
s
at
o
u
tp
u
t
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
t
al
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
an
d
ca
n
b
e
ai
m
ed
to
ca
n
ce
l
s
o
m
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
o
w
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
w
h
il
e,
m
i
x
ed
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
th
o
s
e
in
w
h
ic
h
s
w
itc
h
es
co
m
m
u
tate
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
lik
e
h
y
b
r
id
m
u
lt
ilev
e
l
m
o
d
u
latio
n
,
an
d
ar
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
s
u
ited
f
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
d
if
f
er
en
t
ce
lls
ca
n
ea
s
il
y
co
m
m
u
tate
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies.
An
d
f
i
n
all
y
,
h
i
g
h
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
th
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
P
W
M
to
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
an
d
t
h
e
y
ar
e
m
ea
n
t
to
s
w
i
tch
at
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
ab
o
u
t
1
0
to
2
0
k
Hz
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
8
]
.
B
u
t
th
is
p
ap
er
f
o
cu
s
o
n
l
y
o
n
s
o
m
e
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
co
n
tr
o
l sch
e
m
es su
c
h
as
C
C
,
I
C
,
P
S a
n
d
I
P
S.
3
.
1
Co
mm
o
n Ca
rr
ier
Co
ntr
o
l Sche
m
e
(
CC)
C
o
m
m
o
n
ca
r
r
ier
co
n
tr
o
l
s
c
h
e
m
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
in
v
er
ter
.
Fo
r
N
le
v
el
i
n
v
er
ter
N
-
1
in
-
p
h
a
s
e
ca
r
r
ier
s
an
d
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al
w
it
h
t
h
e
a
m
p
litu
d
e
Am
a
n
d
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
F
m
(
5
0
o
r
6
0
Hz)
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
C
C
P
W
M
s
ch
e
m
e
f
o
r
ca
s
ca
d
ed
th
r
ee
lev
e
l in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
co
n
ce
p
t
is
th
e
to
p
ca
r
r
ier
an
d
b
o
tto
m
ca
r
r
ier
s
i
g
n
al
ar
e
in
p
h
ase
w
i
th
ea
c
h
o
t
h
er
an
d
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
e
w
it
h
a
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
r
e
f
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
als
g
i
v
en
i
n
eq
u
ati
o
n
(
5
)
to
o
b
tain
th
r
ee
lev
el
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
o
p
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
g
e
n
er
ates
t
h
e
p
u
ls
e
p
att
er
n
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
-
1
an
d
s
i
m
ilar
l
y
b
o
tto
m
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
g
en
er
a
tes
p
u
ls
e
p
atter
n
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
-
2
.
3
.
2
I
nv
er
t
ed
Ca
rr
ier
Co
ntr
o
l
Sche
m
e
(
CC)
I
n
i
n
v
er
ted
ca
r
r
ier
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
,
to
p
ca
r
r
ier
an
d
b
o
tto
m
ca
r
r
ier
s
i
g
n
a
l
ar
e
in
o
u
t
o
f
p
h
ase
(
1
8
0
O
)
w
it
h
ea
ch
o
th
er
an
d
ar
e
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
a
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al
s
g
i
v
en
i
n
eq
u
atio
n
(
5
)
to
o
b
tain
th
r
ee
lev
el
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
o
p
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
g
e
n
er
at
es
th
e
p
u
l
s
e
p
atter
n
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
-
1
an
d
s
i
m
ilar
l
y
b
o
tto
m
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
g
en
er
ate
s
p
u
ls
e
p
atter
n
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
-
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
I
C
P
W
M
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
ca
s
ca
d
ed
th
r
ee
le
v
el
in
v
er
ter
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
V
o
l
t
s
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
V
o
l
t
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Leve
l sh
ifted
Dis
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
P
WM
A
lg
o
r
ith
ms to
min
imi
z
e
co
mmo
n
mo
d
e
v
o
lta
g
e
…
(
M.
N
a
ye
emu
d
d
in
)
509
3
.
3
P
ha
s
e
Sh
if
t
ed
co
ntr
o
l sche
m
e
(
P
S)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
SP
W
M
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
ca
s
ca
d
ed
th
r
ee
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
h
ase
s
h
i
f
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
ca
r
r
ier
s
i
g
n
al
s
o
f
ea
ch
le
g
ar
e
p
h
ase
s
h
if
te
d
b
y
1
2
0
O
h
o
r
izo
n
tall
y
b
u
t
w
h
er
e
as
in
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
ch
e
m
e
f
o
r
all
th
e
th
r
ee
leg
s
o
f
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
s
ar
e
in
s
a
m
e
p
h
a
s
e.
A
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
6
,
it m
a
y
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
to
p
an
d
b
o
tto
m
ca
r
r
ier
s
i
g
n
al
s
ar
e
in
s
a
m
e
p
h
ase.
3
.
4
I
nv
er
t
ed
P
ha
s
e
Sh
if
t
ed
co
ntr
o
l sche
m
e
(
I
P
S)
I
n
t
h
is
in
v
er
ted
p
h
a
s
e
s
h
i
f
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e,
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
al
s
o
f
ea
c
h
leg
ar
e
p
h
ase
s
h
i
f
te
d
b
y
1
2
0
O
h
o
r
izo
n
tall
y
a
n
d
also
t
h
e
to
p
an
d
b
o
tto
m
ca
r
r
ier
s
i
g
n
als
o
f
s
a
m
e
leg
ar
e
in
o
u
t
o
f
p
h
a
s
e
(
1
8
0
O
)
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
7
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
I
P
SP
W
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
ca
s
ca
d
ed
th
r
ee
lev
el
in
v
er
ter
as sh
o
w
n
b
elo
w
a
n
d
cited
in
t
h
e
m
a
n
u
s
cr
ip
t
4.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
NT
A
L
RE
SUL
T
S
A
ND
A
NALY
SI
S
T
o
ev
alu
ate
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
u
lti
ca
r
r
ier
PW
M
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
test
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
v
/
f
co
n
tr
o
lled
1
Hp
,
4
1
5
V,
1
.
8
A
an
d
5
0
Hz
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e.
T
h
e
i
n
d
u
ct
io
n
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
e
is
f
ed
b
y
t
w
o
9
.
2
k
V
A
d
c
-
li
n
k
i
n
v
er
ter
s
w
it
h
u
n
co
n
tr
o
lled
r
ec
tif
ier
at
its
f
r
o
n
t
e
n
d
.
d
SP
AC
E
1
1
0
4
co
n
tr
o
l b
o
ar
d
h
as b
ee
n
u
s
ed
t g
en
er
ate
s
w
itc
h
in
g
p
u
l
s
es (
1
k
Hz)
f
o
r
b
o
th
in
v
er
ter
s
.
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
V
ol
t
s
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
V
ol
t
s
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
V
ol
t
s
Vb
Vc
Va
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
V
ol
t
s
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
V
ol
t
s
0
0
.
0
1
0
.
0
2
0
.
0
3
0
.
0
4
0
0
.
5
1
T
i
m
e
(
s
)
V
ol
t
s
Va
Vb
Vc
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
504
–
518
510
A
D
C
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
2
7
0
V
is
g
iv
e
n
to
in
v
er
ter
-
1
a
n
d
in
v
er
ter
-
2
,
s
o
th
at
an
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
DC
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
5
4
0
V
is
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
.
T
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
lin
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
o
n
d
ig
ita
l
s
to
r
ag
e
o
s
cillo
s
co
p
e
(
DSO)
,
a
5
0
0
V
to
6
.
3
V
r
eg
u
lato
r
(
L
V2
0
-
P
)
is
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
f
r
o
m
f
ig
u
r
e
8
to
f
ig
u
r
e
4
7
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: M
o
d
u
latin
g
Si
g
n
al,
P
u
ls
es
f
o
r
I
n
v
er
ter
-
I
&
I
I
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Mo
d
u
latin
g
Si
g
n
al,
P
u
ls
es
f
o
r
I
n
v
er
ter
-
I
&
I
I
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: L
in
e
Vo
ltag
e,
S
tato
r
C
u
r
r
en
t :
SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: L
in
e
Vo
ltag
e,
S
tato
r
C
u
r
r
en
t :
SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
10.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
o
f
lin
e
Vo
lta
g
e
alo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
o
f
lin
e
Vo
lta
g
e
alo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Leve
l sh
ifted
Dis
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
P
WM
A
lg
o
r
ith
ms to
min
imi
z
e
co
mmo
n
mo
d
e
v
o
lta
g
e
…
(
M.
N
a
ye
emu
d
d
in
)
511
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t a
lo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Fig
u
r
e
1
6
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
alo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Fig
u
r
e
12
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: Co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
1
7
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: Co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
1
8
.
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
t
r
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: M
o
d
u
latin
g
Si
g
n
al,
P
u
ls
es
f
o
r
I
n
v
er
ter
-
I
&
I
I
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
3
.
I
n
v
er
ted
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: M
o
d
u
latin
g
Si
g
n
a
l,
P
u
ls
es f
o
r
I
n
v
er
ter
-
I
&
I
I
:SVP
W
M
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
1
8
:
504
–
518
512
Fig
u
r
e
1
9
.
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
t
r
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: L
in
e
Vo
ltag
e
a
n
d
St
ato
r
C
u
r
r
en
t :S
VP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
4
.
I
n
v
er
ted
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
L
in
e
Vo
ltag
e
a
n
d
Stato
r
C
u
r
r
en
t
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
0
.
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
t
r
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
o
f
lin
e
Vo
lta
g
e
alo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Fig
u
r
e
2
5
.
I
n
v
er
ted
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
ti
o
n
o
f
lin
e
Vo
lta
g
e
alo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Fig
u
r
e
2
1
.
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
t
r
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t a
lo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Fig
u
r
e
2
6
.
I
n
v
er
ted
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Har
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
ti
o
n
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
alo
n
g
w
it
h
T
HD
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
o
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i
S
y
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
694
Leve
l sh
ifted
Dis
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
P
WM
A
lg
o
r
ith
ms to
min
imi
z
e
co
mmo
n
mo
d
e
v
o
lta
g
e
…
(
M.
N
a
ye
emu
d
d
in
)
513
Fig
u
r
e
2
2
.
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
t
r
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: Co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
:SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
7
.
I
n
v
er
ted
P
h
ase
Sh
i
f
ted
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: Co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
ltag
e:
SVP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
8
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
:
Mo
d
u
latin
g
Si
g
n
al,
P
u
ls
es
f
o
r
I
n
v
er
ter
-
I
&
I
I
: D
P
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
3
3
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: M
o
d
u
latin
g
Si
g
n
al,
P
u
ls
es
f
o
r
I
n
v
er
ter
-
I
&
I
I
:DP
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
2
9
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: L
in
e
Vo
ltag
e,
S
tato
r
C
u
r
r
en
t
: D
P
W
M
Fig
u
r
e
3
4
.
I
n
v
er
ted
C
ar
r
ier
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Sch
e
m
e
at
M
i
=0
.
8
1
: L
in
e
Vo
ltag
e,
S
tato
r
C
u
r
r
en
t
: D
P
W
M
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.