Int
ern
at
i
onal
Journ
al of
P
ower E
le
ctr
on
i
cs a
n
d
Drive
S
ystem
s
(
IJ
PEDS
)
Vo
l.
12
,
No.
1
,
M
a
r 202
1
, p
p.
54
2
~
55
0
IS
S
N:
20
88
-
8694
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ij
peds
.
v12.i
1
.
pp54
2
-
55
0
542
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ij
pe
ds
.i
aescore.c
om
Des
i
gn a
nd simul
ation of
Lidar
ba
sed cont
ro
l
syst
em
for wind
turbin
e
At
if
Iqbal
1
, D
eng Yin
g
2
, F
ahee
m
Ak
h
ter
3
, Mano
j
K
um
ar
P
anjw
an
i
4
,
Danish K
han
5
1,2,4,5
School
of
R
ene
wabl
e Ene
rg
y
&
C
le
an
En
erg
y,
North
China
El
e
ct
ri
c
Pow
er
Univer
sity, Be
i
jing,
Chin
a
3,4
Depa
rtment
of
Elec
tr
ical Engi
n
ee
ring
,
Sukkur I
BA Unive
rsity
,
Sukkur
,
Pakista
n
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Dec
16
, 20
20
Re
vised
Jan
2
, 20
21
Accepte
d
Fe
b
2
, 2
0
21
Rene
wabl
e
ene
r
gy
source
s
cou
l
d
be
the
m
ai
n
cont
ribut
o
r
to
f
ulfi
lling
the
world’s
ene
rgy
req
uirement.
W
i
nd
ene
rgy
is
gra
bbing
the
world
’s
at
te
n
ti
on
due
to
it
s
abun
dant
na
ture
and
rel
i
abi
l
it
y.
Wind
ene
rgy
is
a
promi
nen
t
ren
ewa
bl
e
en
erg
y
source
due
to
i
ts
ava
i
la
bi
li
ty
an
d
highe
r
re
liabili
ty.
Desp
ite
the
afo
re
me
nt
io
ned
b
ene
fi
ts,
t
her
e
are
som
e
ch
al
l
enge
s
su
ch
as
wind
me
asure
me
nt
an
d
pre
diction
du
e
to
th
e
turbulent
nat
ure
of
th
e
w
ind.
L
ida
r
(li
ght
detec
t
ion
and
ran
g
ing)
te
c
hnology
is
used
in
wind
turbi
nes
to
pr
eview
the
wind
and
a
ct
it
accordi
ng
l
y.
Wi
nd
sp
ee
d
al
ong
wi
th
the
dire
c
ti
on
is
me
asure
d
by
th
e
L
ida
r
bef
or
e
it
r
eache
s
th
e
wind
turbi
n
e
p
l
ane
and
the
cont
rol
sys
te
m
of
th
e
wind
tur
bine
uti
l
izes
th
i
s
data
for
op
ti
m
al
result
s.
I
t
enha
nc
es
th
e
co
ntrol
sys
tem
al
o
ng
with
it
optim
iz
es
the
output
power
.
Thi
s
pape
r
pre
sen
ts
t
he
Li
d
ar
simul
ation
mode
l
,
whic
h
pre
v
ie
ws
the
wind
e
arlier
tha
n
the
conventiona
l
fe
edbac
k
method.
The
Li
d
ar
simu
la
t
i
on
model
is
pre
par
ed
and
i
mpl
ement
ed
on
the
hor
iz
ont
al
axi
s
wind
tu
rbine
.
The
simul
ation
is
per
forme
d
in
GH
Bla
ded
at
a
2.
0
MW
wind
turbi
n
e.
The
outpu
t
result
s
ar
e
ana
l
yze
d
wi
th
the
f
orme
r
me
thod
.
The
power
ex
tr
ac
t
ed,
pitc
h
angl
e
,
ro
tor
tor
que
obt
ai
ned
fr
om
th
e
propose
d
methodology
prove
s
i
ts
eff
icac
y
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Con
tr
ol s
ys
te
m
Lidar
Power o
utput
Win
d
tu
r
bin
es
This
is an
open
acc
ess arti
cl
e
un
der
the
CC
BY
-
SA
l
ic
ense
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Atif Iq
bal
School
of Ren
ewab
le
Ene
rgy
&
Cl
ean
E
nergy
North
China
El
ect
ric Power
Unive
rsity
Chan
gpin
g Dist
rict
, Beij
ing
1022
06, C
hin
a
Emai
l:
ati
fiqb
a
l@nce
pu.edu.c
n
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
w
or
l
d
is
ge
tt
ing
poll
uted
ve
r
y
quic
kly
al
ong
with
it
t
he
te
mp
e
ratu
re
is
al
s
o
inc
reas
ing
with
t
he
us
a
ge
of
tra
diti
on
al
e
nerg
y
s
ources
su
c
h
a
s
coal,
oil
an
d
gas
.
T
he
w
orl
d
is
l
ooking
f
or
al
te
rn
at
e
en
ergy
so
urces
t
o
c
ounter
t
hese
probl
ems.
Re
ne
wa
ble
ene
r
gy
sou
rces
ar
e
cl
eane
r
an
d
greene
r
amo
ng
ot
her
s
[
1],
[
2]
.
Var
i
ou
s
co
untr
ie
s
are
s
uppo
rting
t
he
us
e
of
r
enew
a
ble
e
nergy
to
meet
thei
r
e
nergy
dema
nd.
Win
d
e
nergy
is
a
promi
nen
t
renewable
e
ne
rgy
source
due
to
it
s
avail
abili
ty
and
hi
gh
e
r
reli
abili
ty.
De
sp
it
e
the
af
oreme
nt
ion
ed
ben
e
fits,
the
re
are
some
chall
eng
e
s
su
c
h
as
wind
meas
ur
e
ment
an
d
pr
e
di
ct
ion
due
to
t
he
tur
bu
le
nt
nat
ur
e
of
the
wi
nd.
C
on
t
ro
l
te
c
hn
i
qu
es
are
dev
el
op
e
d
to
cat
er
t
o
thes
e
chall
en
ges.
Conve
ntion
al
t
echn
i
qu
e
s
have
bee
n
app
li
ed
by
us
i
ng
t
he
f
eed
bac
k
co
ntr
ollers
s
uch
as
rese
arc
h
wa
s
car
ried
ou
t
by
implem
enting
the
fu
zz
y
lo
gic
-
base
d
PID
co
nt
ro
ll
er
to
ac
qu
i
re
the
ef
fici
ent
ou
t
pu
t
po
wer
[3],
[
4]
.
F
uzzy
and
a
dap
ti
ve
f
uzzy
is
im
plemente
d
to
achiev
e
the
utmost
powe
r
ou
t
pu
t
[5]
–
[
7]
.
The
im
proved
PI
D
c
ontr
oller
was
de
sig
ned
and
im
pleme
nt
ed
to
enh
a
nce
the
outp
ut
power
as
well
as
re
duc
es
the
loa
ding
eff
ect
[8]
.
A
no
ther
f
uzzy
c
ontrolle
r
is
m
od
e
le
d
to
cat
er
to
the
f
at
igu
e
loa
d
by
impleme
ntin
g
the
in
div
i
dual
pitch
co
ntr
ol
[9]
.
P
I
a
nd
PI
D
c
ontroll
ers
ar
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Desig
n a
nd simu
l
ation of
Lida
r
base
d
c
ontrol syst
e
m
for
wi
nd
t
ur
bi
ne
(
Ati
f Iq
bal
)
543
impleme
nted
t
o
ac
qu
ire
the
maxim
um
pow
er
outp
ut
[
10]
,
[11
]
.
Ou
t
pu
t
powe
r
is
e
nh
a
nc
ed
by
us
i
ng
t
he
ro
t
or
sp
ee
d
as
fee
dback
[12]
.
T
he
par
ti
cl
e
swa
rm
opti
miza
ti
on
t
echn
i
qu
e
al
on
g
with
t
he
fmin
s
earch
is
use
d
to
tu
ne
the
P
ID
c
on
tr
ol
le
r
to
operate
the
wind
tu
r
bin
e
e
ff
ic
ie
ntly
a
nd
ef
fecti
vely
[13]
.
All
these
te
ch
niques
use
d
a
r
e
feedbac
k,
wh
ic
h
w
orks
only
with
a
c
hange
in
res
pons
e
t
o
the
sy
ste
m
w
hi
ch
occ
urre
d
al
r
ea
dy.
Wi
nd
na
ture
is
very
t
urb
ulent
and
unpredict
a
ble,
t
he
nee
d
is
to
desi
gn
th
e
f
eedfor
wa
rd
c
ontr
ol
s
ys
te
m
w
hich
can
pr
e
vie
w
t
he
wind
s
peed
an
d
a
dju
st
the
c
on
t
ro
l
s
ys
te
m
accor
dingly
.
V
ario
us
re
searc
hes
a
re
pe
rfo
r
med
i
n
this
fiel
d.
A
pr
e
dicti
ve
c
on
t
ro
ll
er
is
desi
gned
with
t
he
help
of
a
f
uzz
y
s
ys
te
m
to
pro
vid
e
a
re
duc
ed
loa
ding
e
ffec
t
by
adjustin
g
the
r
otor
s
pee
d
[
14]
.
Th
e
t
wo
pr
e
dicti
ve
c
ontr
ollers
a
re
desi
gned
an
d
implem
ented
to
act
as
Lid
a
r
sens
or
s
w
hich
com
pu
te
a
n
d
sense
wind
f
ie
ld
[15]
.
Re
vi
ew
p
a
per
s
ha
ve
bee
n
wr
it
te
n
an
d
var
i
ous
Lida
r
sensing
te
ch
niq
ue
s
a
re
discu
ssed
al
ong
wit
h
t
heir
be
nef
it
s
an
d
chall
en
ge
s
[
16]
–
[
18]
.
This
resear
ch
pr
ese
nts
the
ya
w
misal
ignments
a
nd
how
it
can
inc
re
ase
the
loadi
ng
eff
ect
,
the
c
orrecti
on
of
t
he
yaw
a
ngle
can
reduc
e
the loa
ding e
ffec
t si
gn
ific
a
ntly
[
19]
. An
a
da
ptive c
on
t
ro
l s
ys
te
m is im
ple
mented
to
a
ddr
ess the
ya
w
al
ignmen
t
and
wa
ke
ef
fe
c
t
fu
rt
hermo
re,
Yaw
a
ngle
co
rr
ect
io
n
re
duce
s
the
tur
bule
nc
e
of
dow
nw
i
nd
wind
tur
bin
e
s
[20]
.
Lidar
te
ch
nolo
gy
is
us
e
d
to
a
dju
st
the
ya
w
ang
le
as
well
as
mit
igate
the
wak
e
e
ff
ect
by
trac
king
the
wak
e
center
[
21]
.
T
he
stu
dy
of
wa
ke
ef
fect
has
be
en
disc
us
se
d
a
nd
th
e
main
ob
serv
at
io
n
was
t
he
posit
ion
of
wind
tur
bin
e
nacell
e
al
so
e
ff
ect
s
unde
r
s
pecific
wind
directi
ons
[22]
.
T
his
researc
h
pro
poses
the
feedf
orwa
rd
con
t
ro
l
s
ys
te
m
base
d
on
Li
da
r
te
ch
no
l
ogy
t
o
pr
e
view
t
he
w
ind
fiel
d
a
nd
measu
res
it
be
f
or
e
it
is
to
uch
i
ng
t
he
wind
tu
r
bin
e
pl
ane.
T
his
ca
n
op
ti
mize
t
he
outp
ut
po
wer
al
ong
with
t
he
s
afe
a
nd
bette
r
op
e
rati
on
of
t
he
win
d
tur
bin
e s
ys
te
m
.
Conve
ntion
al
l
y,
t
he
wind
is
measu
red
th
rough
an
ane
momet
er
in
a
wind
t
urbine.
T
he
anem
om
et
er
i
s
placed
al
ong
with
the
nacell
e
of
the
wind
t
urbine
.
S
o,
t
he
wind
is
meas
ured
a
fter
it
c
rosses
the
wind
t
urbine
ro
t
or
plan
e.
T
he
c
on
t
ro
l
sy
st
em
no
rmall
y
use
d
feedbac
k
c
on
t
ro
l
act
s
acc
ordin
gly,
afte
r
wind
surpa
sse
s
the
wind
tu
rb
i
ne.
This
ma
kes
t
he
co
ntro
l
s
ys
te
m
m
or
e
c
halle
ng
i
ng
due
to
t
he
tu
rbulent
na
ture
of
t
he
wind.
T
o
cat
er
to
t
his p
r
ob
le
m
Li
dar
is
u
se
d
i
n
wind
t
ur
bin
es
w
hic
h measu
res
the
w
in
d
be
fore
it
cro
ss
es
t
he
r
oto
r
p
la
ne.
Lidar
us
es
the
li
ght
se
nsor
t
o
meas
ur
e
the
dista
nce
an
d
sp
ee
d
of
t
he
wind.
Wit
h
t
he
use
of
Lidar
,
wind
tur
bu
le
nce
an
d
sp
ee
d
ca
n
be
measu
red
accu
ratel
y
an
d
pr
ec
ise
ly.
Lida
r
cal
culat
es
the
wind
s
peed
be
fore
ti
me
and
the
c
ontro
l
sy
ste
m
a
dju
st
s
the
blades
t
o
increase
the
powe
r
ou
t
pu
t
a
nd
al
so
protect
the
eq
ui
pm
e
nt
[23
]
.
Ther
e
a
re
t
wo
methods
by
w
hich
Lida
r
me
asur
e
s
t
he
data
.
C
oh
e
ren
t
a
nd
no
n
-
c
ohere
nt
detect
ion.
C
oheren
t
detect
ion
is
nor
mall
y
us
e
d
for
dopple
r
or
ph
a
se
-
se
ns
i
ti
ve
measu
re
ments
th
rou
gh
op
ti
cal
heter
odyne
measu
reme
nt
[
24]
.
T
hey
re
quire
l
ow
powe
r
for
operati
on
s
but
ha
ve
c
ompli
cat
ed
t
ransce
iver
re
quire
ments.
The
tw
o
pu
lse
models
are
use
d
in
t
he
Lida
r
sy
ste
m;
mic
ro
pu
lse
a
nd
high
en
er
gy
sy
ste
m
.
T
he
hi
gh
e
nerg
y
sy
ste
m
is
us
ed
in
meas
ur
i
ng
the
at
mo
s
pheri
c
relat
ed
data
su
c
h
as
cl
oud
data,
strat
a,
te
mp
e
ratur
e
,
pr
e
ssu
re
,
wind
s
pee
d,
hu
midit
y,
cl
oud
par
ti
cl
es
feature
s
[
25],
[
26]
.
Var
i
ou
s
te
ch
ni
qu
e
s
a
re
us
e
d
t
o
determi
ne
t
he
wi
nd
sp
ee
d
directi
on
a
nd
i
ntensit
y
w
hich
is
ve
ry
im
portant
to
get
t
he
ma
xi
mu
m
yiel
d.
Weib
ull
distribu
ti
on
is
widely
use
d
over
the
la
st
ye
ars
for
this
pu
rpose.
T
he
We
ibu
ll
dist
rib
ution’s
de
ns
it
y
functi
on
is
pro
vid
ed
i
n
(1).
Figure
1
.
W
i
nd stru
ct
ur
e
u
se
d by Lida
r passi
ng th
rou
gh w
i
nd tu
r
bin
e
f
(
v
)
=
k
c
(
v
c
)
K
−
1
e
−
(
v
c
)
K
(1)
Her
e
,
f(v)
re
presents
t
he
pro
ba
bili
ty
de
ns
it
y
factor,
v
is
the
wind
s
pee
d
me
asur
e
d
in
(m/s
)
,
the
scal
e
factor i
s in
dica
te
d
by c
whil
e
k denotes s
ha
r
p fact
or
[
27]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
12
, N
o.
1
,
Ma
rch
20
21
:
54
2
–
55
0
544
=
(
∑
(
)
=
1
∑
=
1
−
∑
(
)
=
1
)
−
1
(2)
=
(
1
∑
=
1
)
1
⁄
(3)
Her
e
,
is
t
he
a
ver
a
ge
wi
nd
s
peed
durin
g
th
e
ti
me
ste
p
i
w
hile
N
is
the
to
ta
l
wind
sp
ee
d
data
poin
t
oth
e
r
t
han
zer
os
.
T
he
st
ru
ct
ur
e
of
wi
nd
c
aptu
red
by
the
Lida
r
s
ys
te
m
pas
sin
g
t
hrough
the
plane
of
win
d
tur
bin
e
plane
is
il
lustrate
d
t
hro
ugh
Fi
gure
1.
Th
e
wi
nd
tur
bu
le
nce
m
odel
is
il
lustrat
ed
in
Fig
ure
2.
The
tur
bu
le
nce
model
has
va
rio
us
y
-
z
planes
in
the
directi
on
of
the
x
-
a
xis,
su
c
h
as
planes
1,
2
a
nd
3.
T
hey
a
r
e
distrib
uted
ov
er
ti
me
an
d
the
s
pee
d
inf
ormat
io
n
at
the
va
rio
us
point
is
ob
ta
i
ned
t
hro
ugh
ti
me
-
domain
var
ia
ti
on in
the
rotor pla
ne.
T
he win
d
tu
r
bu
l
ence
us
e
d n bla
ded is a
s
patia
l mo
del.
Fig
ure
2
.
W
i
nd turb
ulence
model i
ll
us
trat
ed
in blade
d
2.
WIN
D
T
UR
B
INE
MO
DELL
ING
The
wi
nd
tu
rb
i
ne
s
ys
te
m
c
onsist
s
of
var
i
ous
co
m
pone
nts
il
lustrate
d
i
n
F
igure
3.
T
he
outp
ut
powe
r
acqu
i
red thr
ou
gh w
i
nd s
peed
is pro
vi
de
d
as
(
4)
:
=
1
2
(
,
)
(4)
ρ
in
dicat
es
the
ai
r
de
ns
it
y
w
hi
le
in
dicat
es
th
e
po
wer
of
t
he
coe
ff
ic
ie
nt.
“
A”
i
nd
ic
at
es
t
he
ro
t
or
plane
a
rea,
is pitc
h
-
a
ngle
wh
il
e v
is the
w
i
nd s
pee
d.
Fig
ure
3
.
Th
e
par
ts
of the
w
i
nd tu
rb
i
ne
s
ys
t
em
The
c
oeffici
ent
of
power i
s
prov
i
ded as
(5)
a
nd (6)
,
=
1
2
3
⁄
(5)
=
2
(
−
)
2
(6)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Desig
n a
nd simu
l
ation of
Lida
r
base
d
c
ontrol syst
e
m
for
wi
nd
t
ur
bi
ne
(
Ati
f Iq
bal
)
545
Her
e
, th
e
is t
he
f
luctuat
i
ng
pa
rt of the win
d spee
d
relat
in
g
t
o
the
x
-
axis c
om
pone
nt.
T
he
t
ip sp
ee
d
rati
o
(
)
is
f
or
m
ulate
d
as
(
7)
,
=
⁄
(7)
s
ymbo
li
zes
the
sp
ee
d
of
the
r
oto
r
w
hile
R
i
nd
ic
at
es
the
ra
dius
of
t
he
r
oto
r
pl
ane.
T
he
aerod
yn
a
mic t
orq
ue
is
repres
ented
a
s foll
ow
s,
de
no
te
s t
he c
oeffici
ent
of
t
orq
ue.
=
1
2
⁄
3
(
,
)
2
(8)
=
⁄
(9)
=
2
(
−
)
(10)
=
1
2
2
⁄
(11)
The
is
the
th
r
us
t
force
an
d
is
the
coe
ff
ic
ie
nt
of
the
th
r
us
t.
T
he
act
ive
al
ong
with
t
he
r
eact
ive
powe
r of
t
he g
ener
at
or
us
e
d wit
h
the
w
i
nd turbine
is g
i
ven as
(
12)
and
(13)
,
=
3
2
(
+
)
(12)
=
3
2
(
−
)
(13)
,
al
ong wit
h
t
he
,
de
note
s the
volt
age as
w
el
l
as cu
rr
e
nt r
e
spe
ct
ively in
the
d
-
q fr
a
me.
3.
DESIG
N OF
THE
C
O
NT
R
OLL
ER
3.1.
Conv
e
nt
i
on
al
controll
er
Normall
y,
the
PI
/PI
D
co
ntr
oller
is
us
e
d
in
wind
tu
rb
i
nes.
T
hese
c
ontr
ollers
are
use
d
f
or
t
wo
pur
po
ses
in
wi
nd
tur
bin
e
syst
ems;
the
a
dju
s
tment
of
the
pi
tc
h
an
gle
a
nd
t
o
re
gula
te
the
tor
qu
e
.
At
t
he
wind
sp
ee
d
lowe
r
th
an
the
r
at
ed
s
pe
ed,
the
t
orq
ue
con
t
ro
ll
er
regulat
es
in
su
c
h
a
way
t
o
extr
ac
t
the
maxim
um
power
ou
t.
T
he
Pit
c
h
co
ntr
oller
work
s
with
the
in
creme
nt
of
wi
nd
s
peed
f
rom
the
rated
spe
e
d
s
o
t
hat
the
outp
ut
powe
r
remai
ns
wit
hin
the
rat
ed
li
mit
.
T
he
c
onve
ntion
al
P
I
c
on
tr
oller
is
il
lustrate
d
in
Fi
gure
4.
The
va
lues
of
,
a
nd
are
us
e
d
i
n
these
te
ch
niques,
the
se
va
lues
a
re
cal
cu
la
te
d
a
nd
op
ti
mize
d
by
va
rio
us
te
ch
nique
s
to imp
r
ov
e
the
eff
ic
acy
of t
he desig
ne
d
c
on
tr
oller.
Fig
ure
4
.
Bl
oc
k diag
ram of
th
e
co
nv
e
ntio
nal
con
t
ro
ll
er
3.2.
Model
le
d
co
ntr
oller
desig
n
The
modell
ed
con
t
ro
ll
er
is
il
lustrate
d
in
Fi
gure
5.
Feed
f
orward
c
ontr
ol
s
ys
te
m
is
im
plemented
al
on
g
with
the
Li
dar
sy
ste
m.
The
con
t
ro
ll
er
is
li
near
iz
e
d
an
d
t
he
pr
opos
e
d
c
on
t
ro
ll
er
blo
c
k
diag
ram
c
onc
ern
i
ng
trans
fer
f
unct
ion
s
is
de
picte
d
t
hroug
h
Fig
ur
e
5.
The
de
no
te
s
the
wi
nd
ev
olu
ti
on
syst
em,
t
he
1
a
nd
2
represe
nts
the
trans
fer
f
un
ct
io
n
of
the
li
nea
ri
zed
m
od
el
wind
tu
rb
i
ne.
is
the
trans
fer
funct
ion
of
Li
dar,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
12
, N
o.
1
,
Ma
rch
20
21
:
54
2
–
55
0
546
represe
nts
the
tran
sfe
r
func
ti
on
of
the
f
eedfor
wa
rd
co
ntr
oller
wh
e
re
as,
symb
olize
s
the
fee
db
a
c
k
con
t
ro
ll
er.
Fig
ure
5
.
Th
e
pro
po
se
d
c
ontr
oller alo
ng
with the
Lid
a
r
s
yst
em
Fig
ure
6
.
Bl
oc
k
il
lustrati
on
of the
prop
os
e
d con
t
ro
ll
er
The rel
at
ion be
tween
outp
ut a
nd in
pu
t ca
n be
d
esc
ribe
d
as
foll
ows
(
14)
, (1
5) an
d (16
)
;
=
1
+
[
+
(
−
)
]
2
(14)
(
1
+
2
)
=
2
−
(
1
+
2
)
(15)
=
2
1
+
2
+
1
+
2
1
+
2
(16)
The o
bject
ive
of the c
ontrol
s
ys
te
m
for
t
he
c
on
t
ro
ll
er is
(
17)
a
nd (18)
:
1
+
2
1
+
2
=
0
(17)
=
−
1
2
(18
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Desig
n a
nd simu
l
ation of
Lida
r
base
d
c
ontrol syst
e
m
for
wi
nd
t
ur
bi
ne
(
Ati
f Iq
bal
)
547
4.
SIMULATI
O
N AND
RES
U
LT
S
The
sim
ulati
on
is
per
f
orme
d
in
bla
ded
s
oft
w
are.
T
he
co
nve
ntion
al
c
on
t
ro
l
le
r
al
ong
wit
h
the
pro
posed
con
t
ro
ll
er
is
e
mp
lo
ye
d
on
th
e
2
MW
wind
t
urbine
.
T
he
pa
rametric
value
s
of
the
wi
nd
tur
bin
e
are
gi
ve
n
in
the
ta
ble 1
.
Table
1
. Wi
nd
tur
bin
e
par
a
me
te
rs
.
Para
m
eters
Valu
es
Ro
to
r
d
iam
eter
8
0
m
Hu
b
-
h
eig
h
t
6
1
.5 m
Blad
e leng
th
3
8
.75
m
Rated
Power
2
M
W
Cu
t
-
in
wind
-
sp
eed
4
m
/s
Cu
t
-
o
u
t wind
-
sp
eed
2
5
m
/s
Gear
b
o
x
r
atio
8
3
.33
Den
sity
of the air
1
.22
5
Kg/m
3
The
i
nput
wind
is
pro
vid
e
d
t
o
the
s
ys
te
m
wh
i
ch
is
il
lustrate
d
in
Fi
gure
7.
T
his
in
put
wi
nd
is
giv
e
n
t
o
the
wind
tu
r
bin
e
syst
em
to
at
ta
in
the
ou
t
put
value
s.
T
he
conve
ntion
al
al
ong
with
t
he
propose
d
te
ch
nique
wh
ic
h
incl
ud
e
s
the
li
dar
me
asur
e
me
nts
a
s
well
as
fee
dfo
rw
a
rd
co
ntr
ol
is
impleme
nted
on
t
he
2
MW
wind
tur
bin
e
t
hro
ugh
G
H
Bl
ade
d
simulat
ion.
Figure
8(a)
il
lus
trat
es
the
outp
ut
power
ac
quired
from
the
wind
tur
bin
e
s
ys
te
m
by
a
pplyin
g
the
input
wi
nd.
B
oth
te
ch
ni
qu
e
s
are
c
ompare
d,
t
he
co
nventio
n
al
te
ch
nique
pro
vid
es
pro
m
isi
ng
res
ults
but
the
pr
opose
d
te
c
hn
i
qu
e
hav
i
ng
wind
evo
l
ution,
L
i
da
r
mea
sureme
nt
a
nd
feedfo
r
ward
co
ntr
ol
sy
ste
m
s
hows
bette
r
re
su
lt
s
by
impla
nting
t
he
co
ntr
ol
ahea
d
of
the
conve
ntion
al
con
t
r
ol
sy
ste
m.
Figure
8(b)
re
pr
ese
nts
the
r
ot
or
s
peed
(
rad
/
s)
of
the
sy
ste
m
by
a
pp
l
ying
the
co
nventio
nal
an
d
the
desig
ne
d
co
ntr
ol
strat
eg
y.
T
he
r
otor
s
peed
gaine
d
f
r
om
the
m
od
el
le
d
te
chn
iq
ue
is
l
esser
at
the
st
art
a
s
com
par
e
d
to
the
old
c
ontrol
te
ch
nique
w
hi
ch
reduces
th
e
loa
ding
ef
fe
ct
.
T
he
outp
ut
at
ta
ined
f
r
om
th
e
desig
ne
d
te
c
hniqu
e
al
so
in
dic
at
es
that
t
he
c
on
t
ro
l
syst
em
i
s
w
orki
ng
a
he
ad
of
t
he
c
onve
ntion
al
.
Fi
gur
e
8(c)
denotes
the
pitch
an
gle
of
th
e
wind
tur
bin
e
blades
wh
ic
h
is
app
li
ed
to
r
egu
la
te
the
ou
t
pu
t
power
a
s
pe
r
the
wind
s
peed
c
r
os
sin
g
t
hr
ough
the
r
otor
pla
ne
.
Va
riat
ion
i
n
the
pitch
a
ngle
values
is
ref
l
ect
ing
the
be
ha
vior
of
ou
t
pu
t
powe
r
a
long
with the
roto
r
s
peed.
Fig
ure
7
.
Input
w
in
d fil
e fe
d
t
o
the
w
i
nd tu
rbi
ne
s
ys
te
m.
Nacell
e
x
-
acce
le
rati
on
val
ues
obta
ine
d
from
both
te
ch
niqu
es
are
il
lustrat
ed
i
n
Fig
ur
e
8(
d).
L
oa
ding
al
ong
with
th
e
agin
g
e
ff
ect
is
dep
e
nde
nt
upon
the
val
ue
of
acce
le
ra
ti
on
.
Nacell
e
acce
le
rati
on
a
chieve
d
thr
ough
the
propose
d
te
ch
nique
is
le
sser
tha
n
the
c
on
ve
ntion
al
met
hodol
ogy
wh
ic
h
hel
ps
re
duce
the
l
oad
i
ng
as
well
as
agin
g
ef
fect.
T
he
r
esults
are
m
uc
h
imp
r
ov
e
d
in
the
case
of
the
propose
d
te
ch
nique
beca
us
e
of
t
he
ahead
wind
m
easur
e
ment
whic
h
makes
t
he
con
t
ro
l
s
ys
te
m
m
or
e
e
ff
ect
iv
e.
Aero
dynami
c
to
rque
is
pre
sented
in
Fig
ure
9.
T
he
ae
rod
yn
a
mic
tor
que
ac
hie
ved
f
rom
t
he
conve
ntion
al
a
s
well
as
the
pro
posed
te
ch
ni
qu
e
is
sh
ow
n.
The
ef
f
ect
ual v
al
ues
a
tt
ai
ned
from t
he
prop
os
ed
techn
i
qu
e
s
hows
i
ts efficac
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
12
, N
o.
1
,
Ma
rch
20
21
:
54
2
–
55
0
548
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Fig
ure
8
.
(
a
) O
utput p
ower
fo
r
the
prop
os
e
d and co
nventi
onal
co
nt
ro
ll
ers
.
(
b) Roto
r
s
pee
d at
the g
i
ve
n
in
pu
t
wind
of the
wi
nd tu
rb
i
ne
s
ys
t
em.
(
c)
Pit
ch
a
ng
le
c
ontr
ol of
the s
ys
te
m.
(
d) N
acel
le
x
-
acc
el
erati
on
of the
w
in
d
tur
bin
e s
ys
te
m
.
Thes
e
res
ults
c
on
cl
ud
e
that
th
e
m
od
el
le
d
c
ontr
ol
te
ch
nique
is
7.71
%
m
ore
ef
fecti
ve
a
nd
bette
r
tha
n
the
pre
vious
re
ported
te
c
hniq
ues.
N
ormal
ly,
the
fee
dback
c
on
t
ro
l
s
ys
te
m
i
s
empl
oyed
w
hi
ch
act
s
afte
r
ge
tt
ing
the
respo
ns
e
f
r
om
the
s
ys
te
m.
As
th
e
wind
na
ture
is
un
e
ve
n
a
nd
undistri
bute
d
that
ma
ke
s
the
c
on
tr
ol
s
ys
te
m
more
c
umbers
om
e
an
d
c
omplex.
I
mp
le
me
ntati
on
of
a
f
eedb
ac
k
co
ntr
ol
s
ys
te
m
is
not
qu
it
e
a
n
e
f
fecti
ve
appr
oach
in
t
he
se
co
ndit
ion
s
.
Lidar
meas
ure
s
the w
in
d
sp
e
ed
al
on
g
with
t
he
directi
on b
e
fore
it
p
asses
t
hro
ugh
the
r
otor
plane
.
T
his
wind
me
asur
e
ment
data
is
ve
r
y
help
ful
for
t
he
c
on
t
rol
le
r
to
pro
vid
e
fruit
fu
l
res
ults.
The
feedfo
r
ward
c
on
t
ro
l
s
ys
te
m
al
ong
with
th
e
Lidar
meas
ur
ement
data
e
nhance
s
the
ef
ficacy
of
the
m
od
el
le
d
con
t
ro
l
meth
odology
.
Fig
ure
9
.
A
e
rodynamic t
orq
ue
of the
syst
em
at p
rovide
d
te
chn
i
qu
e
s.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
t J
P
ow Elec
& Dri S
ys
t
IS
S
N: 20
88
-
8
694
Desig
n a
nd simu
l
ation of
Lida
r
base
d
c
ontrol syst
e
m
for
wi
nd
t
ur
bi
ne
(
Ati
f Iq
bal
)
549
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
This
pa
per
pr
e
sents
t
he
Lida
r
te
ch
no
l
ogy
to
cal
culat
e
the
w
ind
s
peed
a
nd
t
hen
the
measu
r
ements
are
fed
to
t
he
co
ntr
oller
to
act
accor
dingly
.
In
c
onve
ntio
na
l
methodol
ogie
s,
mo
stl
y
t
he
feedbac
k
co
ntr
ol
te
chn
iq
ues
are
employe
d
a
nd
the
wi
nd
is
me
asur
e
d
w
hen
it
cr
os
ses
t
he
rot
or
plane
th
rou
gh
an
an
em
ome
te
r.
This
makes
the
co
ntr
ol
s
ys
te
m
m
or
e
c
omplex
a
nd
diff
ic
ult
beca
us
e
of
th
e
wi
nd
's
tu
rbul
ent
natur
e
.
T
hi
s
pa
pe
r
p
r
opos
es
the
Lidar
bas
ed
fe
ed
for
ward
c
ontr
ol
s
ys
te
m
t
o
measu
re
the
wi
nd
s
peed
a
head
a
nd
dire
ct
s
the
con
t
ro
l
s
ys
te
m
to
w
ork
as
pe
r
the
meas
urements.
W
he
n
wind
passes
thr
ough
the
r
ot
or
plane
,
the
c
on
t
ro
l
sy
ste
m
with
t
he
help
of
Li
da
r
meas
ureme
nts
al
ready
i
n
a
po
sit
io
n
t
o
c
ounte
r
the
une
ve
n
a
nd
un
distr
ibu
te
d
natu
re
of
wind
.
T
he
c
ontr
ol
t
echn
i
qu
e
is
de
sign
e
d
i
n
blad
ed
s
oft
war
e
a
nd
im
pleme
nted
on
t
he
2
MW
wi
nd
tur
bin
e
thr
ough
si
mu
la
ti
ons.
T
he
pro
posed
meth
odol
ogy
is
co
mp
a
red
w
it
h
the
co
nven
ti
on
al
on
e
havi
ng
a
fe
ed
bac
k
c
on
t
r
ol
s
ys
te
m.
T
he
in
vo
l
veme
nt
of
a
fee
d
f
orward
c
ontr
oller
ma
kes
the
c
on
t
ro
l
sy
ste
m
more
eff
ic
ie
nt
a
nd
e
ff
ect
ive.
The
outp
ut
res
ults
acqu
i
red
from
both
te
ch
niques
are
il
lustrate
d
and
a
nalyz
ed
in
th
e
resu
lt
s
sect
io
n.
The
res
ults
ob
ta
ined
thr
ou
gh
th
e
pro
po
se
d
t
echn
i
qu
e
s
are
mu
c
h
imp
rove
d
an
d
bette
r
t
ha
n
the
conve
ntion
al
.
Rotor
s
pee
d,
pi
tc
h
ang
le
,
outpu
t
power
a
nd
nacell
e
x
-
acce
l
erati
on
values
pro
ve
the
ef
fic
acy
of
the pr
opos
e
d
L
idar
base
d feed
forwar
d
c
ontr
oller.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
A.
Sal
ee
m
,
A
.
I
qbal
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“T
h
e
e
ffe
c
t
of
env
ir
onme
nt
al
cha
ng
es
on
the
eff
i
cie
ncy
of
the
PV
s
ystem
,
”
Indon
esian
Journal
of
Elec
t
rical
Engi
ne
erin
g
and
Computer
Sci
en
ce
(IJ
E
ECS
)
,
vol
.
18
,
no
.
1
,
pp.
558
-
564
,
20
20
.
[2]
J.
W
.
Simatupan
g
and
K.
Sulist
io
hadi
,
“Porta
bl
e
wind
turb
ine
for
ene
rgy
re
cha
rgin
g
dev
ic
e
appl
i
cat
ions
,
”
J
.
Elec
tr
.
El
e
ct
ron.
Eng
.
,
v
ol.
1
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
1
9
-
24,
2016
.
[3]
A.
Iqba
l,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“Proposed
FLS
-
PID
wind
turbine
pi
tc
h
con
trol
for
eff
i
caci
ous
ou
tput,”
in
20
19
Int
ernati
onal
Sympos
ium
on
R
ec
en
t
Ad
vances in E
l
ec
tri
cal E
ng
ine
ering
(RAEE
)
,
pp
.
1
-
5
,
2019
.
[4]
A.
Iqba
l
,
D.
Yin
g,
T.
D
e,
M.
A.
Haya
t,
A
.
Salee
m,
and
R
.
Jam
al,
“De
sign
and
simul
ation
for
co
-
ordina
t
ed
analysis
of
wind/sola
r
wi
th
storag
e mi
cro
grid,
”
En
ergy
Repor
ts
,
vol. 6, pp. 1504
–
1511,
De
c.
2020
.
[5]
Merie
m
Otm
an
e
R
.
,
Mohammed
L
.
S
.
,
Fayç
e
l
A
.
,
“MPP
T
c
ontrol
d
esign
f
or
var
i
able
spe
ed
wind
turbi
n
e
,
”
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of El
e
ct
ri
c
al
and
Comput
er
Engi
n
ee
ring
(IJ
ECE
)
,
vol
.
5
,
no
.
5,
pp.
4604
-
461
4,
2020
.
[6]
Yac
ine
Hocin
i,
Ahmed
All
ali,
Houari
Mer
abe
t
Bouloui
h
a
,
“P
ower
fuz
zy
adaptive
con
trol
fo
r
wind
turbi
n
e
,”
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of El
e
ct
ri
c
al
and
Comput
er
Engi
n
ee
ring
(IJ
ECE
)
,
vol
.
10
,
n
o.
5
,
pp
.
5262
-
5273
,
2020
.
[7]
Quang
-
Vi
Ngo,
Chai
Yi
,
Trong
-
Tha
ng
Nguyen
,
“T
he
ma
x
im
um
power
poin
t
tr
ac
king
base
d
-
co
ntrol
sys
tem
for
smal
l
-
sc
al
e
win
d
turbine
using
fuz
zy
logic
,”
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of
E
le
c
tri
cal
and
Compu
te
r
Engi
ne
ering
(IJ
ECE
)
,
vo
l. 10
no.
4,
pp
.
3927
-
3935
,
2020
.
[8]
A.
Iqba
l
,
D.
Yin
g,
A.
Sa
le
e
m,
M.
A.
Hay
at,
M.
Mate
en
,
and
M.
S.
J
ave
d,
“Effectual
Propos
ed
Pi
tc
h
Contro
ll
e
r
of
the
Wi
nd
Turbine
for
M
axi
m
al
Perform
ance,”
i
n
2019
13th
Int
ernati
onal
Conf
ere
nce
on
Ma
th
emati
cs,
A
ct
uari
al
Sci
en
ce,
Comput
er
Scienc
e
and
S
tat
isti
cs
(MA
CS)
,
pp
.
1
-
5
,
2019
.
[9]
F.
Yang,
B
.
Han
,
Z
.
Xiang
,
and
L.
Zho
u,
“In
dividual
pi
tc
h
cont
r
oll
er
b
ase
d
on
fu
zz
y
log
ic
cont
ro
l
for
wind
turb
in
e
loa
d
mi
t
iga
t
ion,”
IET
R
ene
w
.
Po
wer
Gene
r
.
,
vo
l.
10,
no
.
5
,
pp
.
68
7
–
693,
May
201
6.
[10]
Aliyu
Hamza
Sule,
Ahm
ad
Saf
awi
Mokhtar,
Ja
srul
Jama
ni
B
in
Jami
an
,
Att
aul
l
ah
Khidra
ni
,
Ra
ja
Masood
La
r
i
k
,
“Opti
m
al
tuning
of
proport
ional
in
te
gr
al
con
tro
ll
er
for
f
ixe
d
-
sp
ee
d
wind
turb
in
e
using
gr
ey
w
olf
op
ti
m
izer
,
”
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
of El
e
ct
ri
c
al
and
Comput
er
Engi
n
ee
ring
(IJ
ECE
)
,
vol
.
10,
no
.
5
,
pp
.
5251
-
526
1
,
2020
.
[11]
A.
Iqba
l
,
D.
Yi
ng,
A.
Sal
eem,
M.
A.
Haya
t,
an
d
M.
A.
Sam
ad,
“Mode
lling
and
com
par
ison
of
diffe
ren
t
con
trol
te
chn
iqu
es
fo
r
1
-
MW
wind
turb
ine
to
ex
tra
c
t
m
axi
mum
power
through
p
it
ch
a
ngle
cont
ro
l
,”
J.
Comput.
Theor
.
Nanosci
.
,
vol
.
17
,
no
.
2
,
pp
.
1326
–
1331,
Fe
b
.
202
0.
[12]
As
l,
Hame
d
Jab
bar
i,
and
Jungw
on
Yoon
,
“Power
c
apt
ur
e
opt
imization
of
var
ia
b
le
-
spee
d
wind
t
urbine
s
using
an
output
f
ee
dba
ck cont
roller,”
Re
n
ewabl
e
Ene
rg
y
,
vol.
86,
pp.
517
-
525
.
[13]
A.
Iqba
l
,
D
.
Yin
g,
A.
Saleem
,
M
.
A.
Haya
t
,
and
M.
Mateen,
“Pr
oposed
par
t
ic
l
e
sw
arm
optimizat
ion
t
ec
hniqu
e
fo
r
the
wind
turbi
n
e cont
rol
sys
te
m,”
Me
as.
Control
,
v
ol.
53
,
no
.
5
-
6
,
p
p.
1022
-
1030
,
2
020.
[14]
A.
Iqba
l,
D.
Yin
g,
A.
Sal
ee
m
,
M
.
Aft
ab,
and
K.
Mehmood,
“E
ff
i
ca
c
ious
pitch
an
gle
cont
rol
of
va
ria
bl
e
-
spee
d
win
d
turbi
ne
using f
u
z
zy
base
d
pre
d
ic
t
i
ve
con
trol
l
er,”
E
nergy
R
eports
,
v
ol.
6
,
pp
.
423
–
42
7,
2020
.
[15]
C.
L.
Bott
asso,
P.
Pizz
in
el
l
i,
C
.
E.
D.
R
ibol
di
,
an
d
L.
Ta
sc
a,
“
Li
DA
R
-
ena
bl
ed
mode
l
pr
edi
c
ti
v
e
cont
ro
l
of
win
d
turbi
nes
wi
th
r
eal
-
ti
m
e ca
p
abi
l
it
i
e
s,”
Ren
ew. E
ner
gy,
vol
.
71
,
pp
.
4
42
–
452,
2014
.
[16]
A.
Cli
f
ton
,
et
al
.
,
“IE
A
Wi
nd
T
ask
32:
Wi
nd
Lidar
Ide
n
ti
fying
and
Mit
iga
t
ing
Barr
ie
rs
to
the
Adoption
of
Wind
Li
da
r
,
”
Re
mot
e Sens
.
,
vol. 10, n
o.
3
,
p
.
406
,
2018
.
[17]
E.
Si
ml
ey
,
H
.
F
ürst,
F.
Hai
zm
a
nn,
and
D.
Schlipf,
“Opti
m
iz
ing
Li
dar
s
for
W
ind
Turbi
n
e
Con
tro
l
Appli
ca
t
ions
—
Result
s from
the IE
A
Wi
nd
Ta
sk
32
Wor
kshop
,
”
Re
mote
Sens
.
,
v
ol.
10
,
no
.
6
,
p
.
8
63,
2018
.
[18]
A.
Scholbro
ck
,
P.
Fleming,
D.
Schli
pf,
A.
Wr
i
ght,
K.
Johns
on,
and
N
.
Wa
ng
,
“
Li
dar
-
enha
n
ced
wind
turbi
n
e
cont
rol: Past, pre
sent,
and
fu
ture,
”
in
2016
Ame
ri
can
Control
Con
fe
renc
e
(
ACC)
,
p
p.
1399
–
1406
,
2
016
.
[19]
R.
Damiani
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“Ass
essment
of
wind
turbi
n
e
com
ponen
t
lo
ad
s
under
yaw
-
off
set
conditions,
”
Wind
Ene
rg
.
Sc
i
,
vol.
3
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
173
–
189,
201
8
.
[20]
H.
Dhima
n
,
D.
Deb,
V.
Muresa
n,
and
V
.
Ba
la
s,
“W
ak
e
m
ana
g
e
me
nt
in
wind
f
ar
ms
:
An
ada
p
ti
ve
cont
rol
appr
o
ac
h,
”
Ene
rgies
,
vol
.
1
2,
no
.
7
,
p
.
1247
,
2019.
[21]
M.
Brom
m,
A.
Rott
,
H.
Be
ck,
L
.
Vol
lm
er
,
G.
St
ei
nfe
ld,
and
M.
Kühn,
“Fi
el
d
inv
esti
gation
on
the
infl
u
ence
of
y
a
w
mi
sali
gn
me
nt
on
the propa
g
at
ion
of
wind
turb
ine
wake
s,”
Wind E
nergy
,
vo
l. 21, n
o.
11
,
pp
.
1011
–
1028,
2018
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2088
-
8
694
In
t J
P
ow
Ele
c
&
D
ri
S
ys
t,
V
ol
.
12
, N
o.
1
,
Ma
rch
20
21
:
54
2
–
55
0
550
[22]
P.
McKay,
R.
C
arr
iveau,
and
D.
S.
-
K.
Ti
ng
,
“
W
ake
i
mpa
c
ts
on
downs
tre
am
win
d
turbi
ne
p
erf
or
ma
nc
e
and
y
aw
al
ignment
,
”
Win
d
Ene
rgy
,
vo
l. 1
6,
no
.
2
,
pp
.
221
–
234,
Mar
.
2013
.
[23]
D.
Schli
pf,
D
.
Tra
buc
chi,
an
d
O.
Bischoff,
“T
est
ing
of
Froze
n
Turbu
le
n
ce
Hypothesis
for
Wi
nd
Turb
i
ne
Applic
a
ti
ons wit
h
a
Sc
a
nning
LI
DA
R
Sys
te
m,
”
in
ISAR
S
2010
,
20
10.
[24]
T.
Mikk
el
sen
,
e
t
al
.
,
“L
id
ar
wi
nd
spee
d
m
ea
s
ure
me
n
ts
from
a
rot
at
ing
spinn
er,
”
in
Europea
n
Wind
En
ergy
Confe
renc
e
and
Ex
hibition
,
2010
.
[25]
J.
T
.
R
ic
htsm
eier,
A.
Zum
wa
lt,
E
.
J.
C
arl
son,
C.
J.
Epst
ei
n
,
a
nd
R.
H.
Re
ev
es,
“Cra
nio
facial
pheno
type
s
in
segme
nt
al
ly
tri
s
omi
c
mouse mo
del
s for
Dow
n
s
yndrome
,
”
Am.
J
.
Me
d
.
G
ene
t
.
,
v
ol.
107
,
no
.
4
,
pp
.
317
–
324
,
2002
.
[26]
Gökhan
E
rde
m
ir
,
Aydın
Ta
r
ık
Z
engi
n,
Ta
hir
C
etin
Akin
ci
,
“Shor
t
-
te
r
m
win
d
sp
e
ed
fo
recasti
ng
s
ystem
using
deep
le
arn
ing
for
win
d
turbi
n
e
app
li
c
at
ions
,
”
Int
ernat
ional
Journal
of
Elec
tri
cal
and
Computer
Engi
n
ee
ring
(I
JE
CE
)
,
vol.
10
,
no
.
6,
pp
.
5779
-
5784
,
20
20.
[27]
J.
V.
Seguro
and
T.
W
.
Lamber
t
,
“Mode
rn
estima
ti
on
of
th
e
p
arame
t
ers
of
the
W
ei
bull
wind
spee
d
distri
bu
ti
on
fo
r
wind
ene
rgy
an
a
lysis,”
J. W
ind
E
ng.
Ind
.
A
erody
n
.
,
vol. 85, no. 1,
pp.
75
–
84
,
2000
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.