I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
w
er
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
Sy
s
t
e
m
(
I
J
P
E
DS
)
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
8
5
~
1
2
9
3
I
SS
N:
2
088
-
8
6
9
4
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
p
ed
s
.
v8
i
3
.
pp
1
2
8
5
-
1293
1285
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
JP
E
DS
Wind
-
PV
H
y
brid
Energ
y
Source F
e
d Three L
ev
el N
P
C w
ith
Q
ua
si
Z
Sourc
e N
etw
o
rk
P
a
la
nis
a
m
y
R,
Vij
a
y
a
ku
m
a
r
K
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
EE
E,
S
R
M
Un
iv
e
r
sity
,
T
a
m
il
n
a
d
u
,
In
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Mar
3
,
2
0
1
7
R
ev
i
s
ed
J
u
n
6
,
2
0
1
7
A
cc
ep
ted
J
u
l
1
,
2
0
1
7
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rters
f
in
d
u
se
i
n
i
n
d
u
str
ial
d
riv
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
g
rid
b
a
se
d
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
Ow
in
g
to
t
h
e
in
c
re
a
sin
g
p
o
w
e
r
d
e
m
a
n
d
a
n
d
risin
g
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
c
o
sts
a
n
e
w
a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
v
e
in
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
rc
e
is
g
a
in
in
g
p
o
p
u
larity
a
n
d
a
c
c
e
p
tan
c
e
.
A
W
in
d
-
P
V
h
y
b
rid
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
rc
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
w
h
ich
in
c
re
a
se
s
p
o
w
e
r
re
li
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
im
p
ro
v
e
s
sta
n
d
a
lo
n
e
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
A
Qu
a
si
Z
so
u
rc
e
n
e
tw
o
rk
a
ll
o
w
s
in
v
e
rter
sh
o
o
t
t
h
ro
u
g
h
p
o
ss
i
b
il
it
y
w
h
il
e
b
o
o
st
in
g
th
e
d
c
v
o
lt
a
g
e
f
e
d
to
th
e
Ne
u
tral
P
o
in
t
Clam
p
e
d
M
L
I.
S
i
m
u
latio
n
r
e
su
lt
s we
re
o
b
tain
e
d
f
o
r
t
w
o
lev
e
l
s V
S
I
a
n
d
f
u
rth
e
r
sim
u
latio
n
s
f
o
r
3
lev
e
l
q
u
a
si
N
P
C
-
T
L
I
v
e
ri
f
ied
u
sin
g
M
a
tl
a
b
S
im
u
li
n
k
a
n
d
h
a
rd
w
a
re
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
re
su
lt
s
v
e
rif
ied
b
y
u
sin
g
DS
P
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
C
o
u
p
led
in
d
u
c
to
r
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
NP
C
Gr
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
y
s
te
m
Qu
asi
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
W
in
d
–
P
V
Hy
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
201
7
I
n
s
t
it
u
te o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
R
.
P
alan
is
a
m
y
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t
o
f
E
E
E
,
SR
M
U
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
,
T
am
i
ln
ad
u
,
I
n
d
ia.
E
m
ail:
k
r
s
p
alan
i@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
en
e
w
ab
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
g
ai
n
i
n
g
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
a
n
d
im
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
i
n
en
er
g
y
s
ec
t
o
r
m
ai
n
l
y
f
o
r
s
o
lar
,
w
in
d
an
d
f
u
el
ce
lls
.
A
w
in
d
P
V
Hy
b
r
id
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
t
h
eir
s
tan
d
al
o
n
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
r
eliab
ili
t
y
b
es
id
es
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
ca
p
ac
it
y
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
DP
GS
(
Dis
tr
ib
u
ted
p
o
w
er
Ge
n
er
atio
n
S
y
s
te
m
s
)
h
av
e
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
s
u
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
g
r
id
a
s
w
ell
as
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
ac
ti
n
g
a
s
s
ta
n
d
alo
n
e
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
v
id
er
[
3
]
.
B
u
t
a
d
c
-
d
c
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
is
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
in
s
u
ch
co
n
v
er
ter
cir
cu
it
s
to
m
ee
t
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
A
Z
SI
(
Z
-
So
u
r
ce
I
n
v
er
ter
)
[
4
]
eli
m
i
n
ates
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
t
h
er
eb
y
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
th
e
cir
cu
it
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
,
s
ize,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
d
c
b
o
o
s
t,
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
i
n
v
er
ter
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
all
o
w
in
g
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tate
s
.
I
n
a
tr
ad
itio
n
al
in
v
er
ter
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
i
s
f
o
r
b
id
d
en
f
o
r
it
ca
u
s
es
s
h
o
r
t
cir
c
u
i
tin
g
o
f
th
e
d
c
in
p
u
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
an
d
ca
r
r
ies
a
r
i
s
k
o
f
d
a
m
ag
in
g
i
n
v
er
ter
s
w
itc
h
es.
T
h
is
i
s
m
ad
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
y
a
Z
SI.
A
Q
u
az
i
-
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
i
n
v
er
ter
[
5
]
b
esid
es
h
a
v
in
g
al
l t
h
e
f
o
r
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
Z
S
I
ad
v
an
ta
g
es,
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
i
m
p
ler
co
n
tr
o
l
w
it
h
les
s
er
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
s
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
es
s
es
d
u
r
i
n
g
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
B
o
o
s
t
C
o
n
tr
o
l,
b
ein
g
ea
s
y
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
[
5
]
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l th
e
in
v
er
ter
s
w
i
tch
e
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Q
-
Z
SI
cir
cu
it to
p
o
lo
g
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
3
1286
2.
PV
-
WI
ND
H
YB
RID SO
UR
CE
2
.
1
.
P
V
So
urce
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ef
f
ec
t
tak
e
s
p
lac
e
w
h
en
t
h
e
b
ar
r
ier
p
o
ten
tial
is
o
v
er
co
m
e
b
y
e
lectr
o
n
s
ab
s
o
r
b
in
g
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
.
P
V
ce
ll
u
tili
ze
s
t
h
is
to
g
et
d
c
cu
r
r
en
t
w
h
en
ir
r
ad
i
ated
w
it
h
s
u
n
li
g
h
t
.
Ser
ies
o
r
p
ar
allel
co
n
n
ec
t
io
n
s
o
f
P
V
ce
ll
s
a
n
d
ar
r
a
y
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
p
o
w
er
o
u
tp
u
t
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
g
o
v
er
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
V
ar
r
a
y
cu
r
r
en
t
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
as,
(1
)
(
(
)
)
(2
)
W
h
er
e,
I
1
is
r
ev
er
s
e
s
atu
r
atio
n
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
d
io
d
e,
p
is
th
e
elec
tr
o
n
ch
ar
g
e,
V
1
is
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
d
io
d
e,
k
is
B
o
ltzm
a
n
n
co
n
s
ta
n
t,
T
is
j
u
n
ct
io
n
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e,
I
st
-
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it c
u
r
r
e
n
t,
I
d1
-
d
io
d
e
cu
r
r
en
t.
2
.
2
.
M
P
P
T
(
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
P
o
w
e
r
P
o
int
T
ra
ck
i
ng
)
MP
PT
is
th
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
g
et
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
o
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
ar
r
a
y
s
.
P
&
O
(
P
er
tu
r
b
an
d
Ob
s
er
v
e)
is
o
n
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
o
f
MP
P
T
in
w
h
ich
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
ad
j
u
s
ts
th
e
a
r
r
ay
v
o
ltag
e
e
v
er
y
ti
m
e
it
d
ete
cts
a
ch
an
g
e
i
n
it
.
I
f
th
e
ca
lcu
lated
ch
a
n
g
e
in
p
o
w
er
is
p
o
s
i
tiv
e,
t
h
e
n
it
k
ee
p
s
o
n
s
h
i
f
ti
n
g
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
i
n
t
h
at
d
ir
ec
tio
n
t
ill
t
h
e
ch
an
g
e
in
p
o
w
er
b
ec
o
m
es
n
e
g
ati
v
e
[
7
]
.
W
h
e
n
t
h
e
i
n
cr
e
m
e
n
tal
p
o
w
er
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
,
t
h
en
a
p
u
ls
e
is
s
e
n
t
b
y
t
h
e
MP
PT
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
th
e
s
w
itc
h
to
d
eliv
er
p
o
w
er
to
t
h
e
lo
ad
.
I
f
th
er
e
i
s
a
d
ec
r
e
m
e
n
t
in
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
th
i
s
v
o
ltag
e
ch
an
g
e,
th
e
n
n
o
p
u
l
s
e
is
g
iv
en
an
d
th
e
s
w
itc
h
r
e
m
ai
n
s
i
n
th
e
o
f
f
s
tate.
T
h
e
lo
ad
is
f
ed
w
it
h
th
e
p
r
esen
t
m
ax
i
m
u
m
v
a
lu
e
r
ea
ch
ed
ea
r
li
er
.
Sin
ce
th
e
P
-
V
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
t
ics
o
f
a
P
V
ce
ll
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
a
p
ea
k
,
o
r
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
p
o
in
t,
th
i
s
m
et
h
o
d
is
also
ca
l
led
as
h
i
ll
cl
i
m
b
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
.
I
t
is
a
co
m
m
o
n
m
et
h
o
d
w
it
h
ea
s
y
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
[
8
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
MP
PT
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
2
.
3
.
Wind
E
nerg
y
Co
nv
er
s
io
n Sy
s
t
e
m
W
in
d
en
e
g
y
is
a
n
o
th
er
n
at
u
r
al
l
y
a
v
aila
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
w
h
ich
ca
n
b
e
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
elec
tical
e
n
er
g
y
b
y
a
W
in
d
E
n
er
g
y
C
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
S
y
s
te
m
.
I
t
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
a
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
w
h
ich
ac
ts
a
s
a
p
r
im
e
m
o
v
er
f
o
r
a
g
en
er
ato
r
.
T
h
ey
s
h
ar
e
a
co
m
m
o
n
s
h
a
f
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
w
h
ich
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
p
o
w
er
i
s
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
to
t
h
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
.
A
P
er
m
a
n
en
t
Ma
g
n
e
t
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
Gen
er
to
r
d
o
es
n
o
t
n
ee
d
an
ex
citatio
n
f
ield
w
h
ich
co
n
s
id
er
al
y
r
ed
u
c
es
en
er
g
y
w
as
tag
e
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
I
t
f
ac
ilit
ate
s
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
o
p
er
atio
n
w
it
h
o
u
t
a
g
ea
r
b
o
x
s
o
th
e
o
p
er
at
in
g
co
s
t
i
s
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Win
d
-
P
V
Hyb
r
id
E
n
erg
y
S
o
u
r
ce
F
ed
Th
r
ee
Leve
l NPC
w
i
th
Qu
a
s
i Z
S
o
u
r
ce
N
etw
o
r
k
(
P
a
l
a
n
is
a
my
R
)
1287
P
er
m
a
n
en
t
m
ag
n
et
s
w
h
ic
h
h
av
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
ea
s
il
y
av
aila
b
le
in
th
e
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
w
ar
d
s
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
[
1
1
]
.
A
W
in
d
-
P
v
h
y
b
r
id
s
o
u
r
ce
is
r
ea
lis
ed
b
y
f
ee
d
i
n
g
th
e
ac
v
o
lt
ag
e
f
r
o
m
P
MSG
in
to
a
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
d
io
d
e
r
ec
tif
ier
an
d
co
u
p
lin
g
t
h
is
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
w
it
h
th
e
P
V
ar
r
ay
o
u
tp
u
t
[
1
2
]
.
A
r
en
e
w
a
b
le
h
y
b
r
id
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
is
r
ea
lis
ed
p
r
v
o
d
in
g
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
o
p
er
atio
n
.
I
m
p
r
o
v
ed
r
eliab
itil
y
d
u
r
in
g
o
v
er
ca
s
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
r
in
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
ec
ted
f
r
o
m
it
[
1
3
]
.
3.
RE
VI
E
W
O
F
A
Q
UAS
I
Z
-
S
O
URCE IN
VE
R
T
E
R
A
q
u
az
i
-
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
is
a
m
o
d
i
f
ied
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
a
Z
-
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
w
ith
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
w
itch
in
g
s
tr
ess
e
s
an
d
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
i
n
v
e
r
ter
cu
r
r
en
t
[
1
4
]
.
T
w
o
in
d
u
c
to
r
s
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
ar
e
ar
r
a
n
g
ed
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
A
q
u
az
i
Z
-
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
h
a
s
t
w
o
m
o
d
es
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
:
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
o
d
e
an
d
ac
tiv
e
(
n
o
n
-
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
)
m
o
d
e.
A
ll
t
h
e
in
v
er
t
er
s
w
itc
h
es
o
f
at
least
o
n
e
le
g
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
o
n
f
o
r
a
f
u
ll
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
to
o
cc
u
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
Q
Z
SI
d
u
r
in
g
a
ctiv
e
m
o
d
e.
A
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
K
V
L
to
lo
o
p
s
1
,
2
an
d
3,
w
e
g
e
t,
(
3
)
(4
)
(5
)
(6
)
Fro
m
2
&
3
,
w
e
g
et
(7
)
Du
r
in
g
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tate,
d
io
d
e
is
o
p
en
cir
cu
ited
an
d
w
e
g
et
t
w
o
lo
o
p
s
.
I
n
th
e
n
ex
t
f
i
g
u
r
e
its
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
cir
cu
it is
s
h
o
w
n
.
A
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
K
VL
w
e
g
et
t
w
o
E
q
u
atio
n
s
,
(8
)
(9
)
Sin
ce
d
u
r
i
n
g
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
,
i
n
v
er
ter
leg
o
u
tp
u
t is ze
r
o
,
Vo
u
t
is
ze
r
o
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
(
a)
-
(
c)
Q
-
Z
SI
m
o
d
es
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
3
1288
Fro
m
E
q
u
atio
n
s
(
1
)
,
(
2
)
,
(
5
)
,
(
6
)
w
e
g
et
t
w
o
eq
u
atio
n
s
ea
ch
f
o
r
L
1
an
d
L
2
.
T
s
h
an
d
T
n
o
n
ar
e
th
e
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
d
n
o
n
-
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
ti
m
e
s
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
,
t
h
eir
s
u
m
b
ei
n
g
t
h
e
to
tal
s
w
itch
in
g
ti
m
e
[
1
5
]
.
C
alc
u
lati
n
g
in
d
u
cto
r
v
o
lta
g
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
w
h
o
l
e
s
w
itch
in
g
i
n
s
ta
n
t,
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
es
ca
n
b
e
r
e
ar
r
an
g
e
d
an
d
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
.
Usi
n
g
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
eq
u
atio
n
in
ter
m
s
o
f
in
p
u
t
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
an
d
th
e
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
v
ar
ied
to
g
et
th
e
d
esir
ed
b
o
o
s
t [
1
6
]
.
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
1
0
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
1
1
)
4.
CO
NT
RO
L
ST
R
AT
E
G
Y
Ou
t
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
S
in
u
s
o
id
al
P
W
M
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
av
ai
lab
le,
m
ax
i
m
u
m
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
tr
o
l
is
ap
p
lied
f
o
r
th
e
in
v
e
r
ter
.
I
t
is
s
i
m
p
le
to
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
t
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
a
s
i
g
n
if
i
ca
n
t
v
o
lta
g
e
b
o
o
s
t
[
4
]
,
[
7
-
8
]
.
T
h
e
ze
r
o
in
v
er
ter
s
w
itc
h
in
g
s
ta
tes
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
to
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
d
th
e
ac
ti
v
e
s
tate
s
ar
e
r
etain
ed
as
s
u
c
h
in
MC
B
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
4.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
B
o
o
s
t Co
n
t
r
o
l
A
tr
ia
n
g
le
ca
r
r
ier
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
i
th
a
t
h
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
,
ea
ch
p
h
ase
f
o
r
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
s
w
it
ch
.
S
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
cc
u
r
s
w
h
e
n
ev
er
t
h
e
t
r
ian
g
le
p
ea
k
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
ts
t
h
e
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
p
ea
k
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
s
o
t
w
i
ce
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
h
ase
i
n
o
n
e
c
y
cle.
At
o
th
er
in
s
tan
ts
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
is
g
r
ea
ter
,
th
e
in
v
er
ter
ex
h
ib
its
ac
ti
v
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
s
tates.
As
s
a
id
ea
r
lier
,
ac
tiv
e
i
n
v
er
ter
o
p
er
atio
n
i
s
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
s
in
u
s
o
id
w
ith
th
e
ca
r
r
ier
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
er
’
s
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
e
is
g
r
ea
ter
.
Us
in
g
m
i
n
/
m
a
x
f
u
n
ctio
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
it
s
u
p
p
er
an
d
lo
w
er
en
v
elo
p
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
ag
ai
n
s
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
ca
r
r
ier
to
g
en
er
ate
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
l
s
es
f
o
r
th
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
an
d
n
e
g
ati
v
e
ca
r
r
ier
p
ea
k
s
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
ich
ar
e
th
en
O
R
f
u
n
c
tio
n
(
lo
g
ic
g
a
te
)
to
g
eth
er
to
o
b
tain
th
e
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
ls
e
f
o
r
th
r
ee
p
h
ases
[
1
3
-
14]
.
T
h
is
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
is
co
m
b
i
n
ed
w
ith
t
h
e
ac
ti
v
e
s
tate
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
u
s
i
n
g
OR
g
a
te
an
d
g
iv
e
n
to
th
e
s
w
itch
e
s
.
5.
Q
UA
SI
Z
SO
URC
E
NP
C
-
T
L
I
A
Ne
u
tr
al
p
o
in
t
cla
m
p
ed
T
h
r
ee
L
e
v
el
I
n
v
er
ter
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
t
h
r
e
e
lev
el
s
tep
p
ed
ac
v
o
lta
g
e.
E
a
ch
i
n
v
er
t
er
leg
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
f
o
u
r
s
w
itc
h
es
a
n
d
t
w
o
cla
m
p
i
n
g
d
io
d
es
f
o
r
th
e
d
c
n
eu
tr
al
p
o
in
t
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
Half
th
e
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
is
s
h
ar
ed
b
y
t
w
o
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
t
h
u
s
s
p
li
t
it
i
n
to
th
r
ee
le
v
els
+V
d
c/2
,
0
,
an
d
–
V
d
c/2
w
h
ic
h
w
o
u
ld
h
a
v
e
o
th
er
w
i
s
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
t
w
o
d
c
s
o
u
r
ce
s
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
.
T
o
p
t
w
o
o
r
m
id
d
le
t
w
o
o
r
b
o
tto
m
t
w
o
s
w
itc
h
e
s
in
ea
ch
leg
s
w
itc
h
o
n
to
g
et
h
er
w
h
o
p
r
o
d
u
ce
3
×3
×3
=2
7
s
w
itc
h
in
g
s
tates;
th
is
i
s
d
u
r
in
g
n
o
r
m
al
NP
C
-
TL
I
o
p
er
atio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
6.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Win
d
-
P
V
Hyb
r
id
E
n
erg
y
S
o
u
r
ce
F
ed
Th
r
ee
Leve
l NPC
w
i
th
Qu
a
s
i Z
S
o
u
r
ce
N
etw
o
r
k
(
P
a
l
a
n
is
a
my
R
)
1289
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Qu
asi
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
NP
C
-
T
L
I
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
6.
No
n
-
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
Mo
d
es o
f
Op
er
atio
n
(
a)
Mo
d
e
1
(
b
)
M
o
d
e2
(
c)
Mo
d
e3
(
d
)
M
o
d
e4
̌
⌊
⌋
⌊
⌋
(
1
1
)
(
)
(
1
2
)
T
h
is
is
m
ad
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
a
r
r
an
g
e
m
en
t
i
n
t
h
e
Q
Z
SI
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
a
t
in
v
er
ter
leg
is
ze
r
o
f
o
r
t
h
is
s
tat
e
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Du
r
in
g
s
h
o
o
t t
h
r
o
u
g
h
m
o
d
e
all
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
es o
f
a
n
y
le
g
,
i
n
d
iv
id
u
all
y
o
r
in
an
y
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
s
w
itc
h
o
n
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
i
n
s
ta
n
t
g
iv
in
g
r
is
e
to
s
ev
e
n
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tates.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
3
1290
∫
(
)
(
1
3
)
T
h
r
ee
o
f
th
e
m
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
w
h
ich
i
s
eith
er
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
u
p
p
er
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
t
ates
o
r
lo
w
er
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tates
o
r
f
u
ll
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tates
E
q
u
a
tio
n
(
1
3
)
s
h
o
w
s
p
o
w
er
ac
r
o
s
s
ea
ch
p
o
w
er
s
w
itch
e
s
p
lace
d
in
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cir
cu
it.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Sh
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tates
(
a)
State1
(
b
)
State2
(
c)
State3
A
t
s
h
o
o
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
co
n
d
itio
n
s
th
e
g
e
n
er
ated
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
is
ze
r
o
,
w
h
ich
i
s
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
ited
b
y
cla
m
p
ed
d
io
d
es.
T
h
en
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
tate
s
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
d
ep
en
d
s
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
ap
p
lied
in
p
u
t
v
o
l
tag
e,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
t
w
ice
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
tab
le
1
an
d
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
NP
C
-
M
L
I
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
es
i
n
n
o
n
-
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
n
d
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
n
d
itio
n
s
r
esp
ec
ti
v
el
y
.
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tate
Vp
n
s
h
o
w
s
i
n
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
4
)
&
(
1
5
)
.
T
ab
le
1
.
N
P
C
-
M
L
I
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
e
s
in
ac
ti
v
e
s
ta
te
M
o
d
e
s
L
e
g
1
L
e
g
2
L
e
g
3
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
M
o
d
e
1
S
2
a
,
S
3
a
S
2
b
,
S
3
b
S
3
c
,
S
4
c
-
V
d
c
/
2
M
o
d
e
2
S
3
a
,
S
4
a
S
3
c
,
S
4
c
S
2
c
,
S
3
c
-
V
d
c
/
2
M
o
d
e
3
S
3
a
,
S
4
a
S
3
b
,
S
4
b
S
2
c
,
S
3
c
-
V
d
c
M
o
d
e
4
S
3
a
,
S
4
a
S
1
b
,
S
2
b
S
3
c
,
S
4
c
-
V
d
c
/
2
T
ab
le
2
.
N
P
C
-
M
L
I
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
e
s
in
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
co
n
d
it
io
n
M
o
d
e
s
L
e
g
1
L
e
g
2
L
e
g
3
S
h
o
o
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
st
a
t
e
M
o
d
e
1
S
1
a
,
S
2
a
S
3
a
,
S
4
a
-
-
F
u
l
l
S
h
o
o
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
M
o
d
e
2
-
S
1
b
,
S
2
b
,
S
3
b
,
S
4
b
-
F
u
l
l
S
h
o
o
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
M
o
d
e
3
-
-
S
1
c
,
S
2
c
,
S
3
c
,
S
4
c
F
u
l
l
S
h
o
o
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Win
d
-
P
V
Hyb
r
id
E
n
erg
y
S
o
u
r
ce
F
ed
Th
r
ee
Leve
l NPC
w
i
th
Qu
a
s
i Z
S
o
u
r
ce
N
etw
o
r
k
(
P
a
l
a
n
is
a
my
R
)
1291
(
1
4
)
(
1
5
)
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t
v
o
lta
g
e
s
to
r
ed
in
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
C
1
&
C
2
at
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
co
n
d
itio
n
is
,
(
1
6
)
(
1
7
)
T
h
e
b
o
o
s
tin
g
v
o
lta
g
e
lev
el
d
u
e
to
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tate
co
n
d
it
io
n
is
,
(
1
8
)
6.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
AND
D
I
S
CUSS
I
O
N
T
h
e
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
w
er
e
v
er
i
f
ied
i
n
Ma
tlab
R
2
0
1
3
a.
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
m
atlab
s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
s
a
m
e.
Fo
r
P
MS
G
ac
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
1
2
0
V
is
s
h
o
wn
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
9
a
n
d
P
V
ar
r
a
y
d
c
Ou
tp
u
t
o
f
8
0
V
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
0
.
T
h
e
C
u
m
u
lati
v
e
d
c
in
p
u
t to
t
h
e
Q
Z
SI
-
N
P
C
ML
I
w
as 2
0
4
V.
P
V
ar
r
ay
w
a
s
o
p
er
ated
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
i
n
g
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
f
r
o
m
4
0
0
-
5
0
0
W
/
m
2
.
Usi
n
g
Q
-
Z
SI,
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
w
a
s
b
o
o
s
ted
to
391
V
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
11.
T
h
e
r
ec
ti
f
ier
o
u
tp
u
t
an
d
Q
Z
SI
b
o
o
s
t
ed
v
o
lta
g
e
is
as s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
12
&
13
.
No
r
m
a
l o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
N
P
C
b
u
ck
s
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
el
t
o
a
litt
le
less
t
h
an
2
0
0
V
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
14
.
T
h
e
in
v
er
t
er
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
i
s
o
b
tain
ed
w
it
h
4
.
2
A
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
15
.
C
ap
ac
ito
r
s
o
f
4
7
0
µF
an
d
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
o
f
1
µH
w
er
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
Q
-
Z
SI.
T
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
R
L
lo
ad
o
f
1
0
0
Ω
an
d
1
m
H
w
as
u
s
ed
at
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
s
id
e.
T
h
e
g
ati
n
g
p
u
l
s
es
f
o
r
s
i
x
s
w
i
tch
e
s
o
f
t
w
o
le
v
el
i
n
v
er
t
er
g
en
er
ated
u
s
i
n
g
m
ax
i
m
u
m
b
o
o
s
ti
n
g
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
B
ased
o
n
th
i
s
P
W
M
co
n
tr
o
l f
o
r
th
r
ee
lev
el
s
q
u
a
s
i
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
NP
C
w
a
s
d
esi
g
n
ed
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
lev
el
Q
Z
SI
o
u
tp
u
t is
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
6
.
Fo
r
a
3
0
0
V
d
c
in
p
u
t,
ac
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
5
0
0
V
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Ma
tlab
Si
m
u
lato
n
M
o
d
el
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
P
MSG
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
: 2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
2
8
5
–
1
2
9
3
1292
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
P
V
ar
r
ay
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t a
n
d
v
o
lta
g
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
QZ
SI
-
T
h
r
ee
lev
el
Ou
tp
u
t V
o
ltag
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
R
ec
tif
ier
O
u
tp
u
t V
o
l
tag
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
Q
-
Z
SI
B
o
o
s
ted
v
o
l
tag
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
.
NP
C
-
ML
I
O
u
tp
u
t
Vo
ltag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PEDS
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
Win
d
-
P
V
Hyb
r
id
E
n
erg
y
S
o
u
r
ce
F
ed
Th
r
ee
Leve
l NPC
w
i
th
Qu
a
s
i Z
S
o
u
r
ce
N
etw
o
r
k
(
P
a
l
a
n
is
a
my
R
)
1293
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
.
I
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t
7.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
AND
F
U
T
U
RE
WO
RK
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
Qu
asi
-
Z
s
o
u
r
ce
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
th
r
ee
lev
e
l
in
v
er
ter
b
ased
o
n
t
w
o
le
v
el
VSI
m
o
d
el.
W
in
d
-
P
V
h
y
b
r
id
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
le
v
el
s
u
p
p
lied
to
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
.
Usi
n
g
MP
P
T
co
n
tr
o
l
o
p
tim
u
m
a
v
ailab
le
p
o
w
er
is
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
P
V
ar
r
a
y
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
co
n
f
ir
m
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
b
o
o
s
t
an
d
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
Q
-
Z
SI
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
a.
1
.
9
tim
e
s
v
o
lta
g
e
b
o
o
s
t
w
a
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
NP
C
-
T
L
I
w
it
h
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
h
o
o
t th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tate
s
.
b.
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
b
o
o
s
t is i
m
p
le
m
en
t
ed
as a
co
n
tr
o
l stra
teg
y
f
o
r
T
L
I
s
w
i
tch
e
s
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
u
s
in
g
Sp
ac
e
Vec
to
r
ap
p
lied
f
o
r
a
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
f
u
t
u
r
e,
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
u
s
i
n
g
3
D
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
p
u
ls
e
w
id
t
h
m
o
d
u
latio
n
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
L
i,
Yu
a
n
,
e
t
a
l.
"
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
q
u
a
si
-
Z
-
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rter
fo
r
d
istri
b
u
ted
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s"
.
In
d
u
stri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
6
0
.
4
(2
0
1
3
):
1
5
3
2
-
1
5
4
1
.
[2
]
J.
Da
i,
D.
Xu
,
B
.
W
u
,
a
n
d
N
.
R.
Zarg
a
ri,
“
Un
if
ied
DC
-
li
n
k
c
u
rre
n
t
c
o
n
tro
l
m
f
o
r
lo
w
-
v
o
lt
a
g
e
rid
e
-
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
c
u
rre
n
t
-
so
u
rc
e
-
c
o
n
v
e
rter
-
b
a
se
d
win
d
e
n
e
rg
y
c
o
n
v
e
rsio
n
sy
st
e
m
s”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
288
–
2
9
7
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
2
.
[3
]
Z.
S
h
u
,
S
.
X
ie,
a
n
d
Q.
L
i,
“
S
in
g
le
-
p
h
a
se
b
a
c
k
-
to
-
b
a
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rt
e
r
f
o
r
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
we
r
b
a
lan
c
in
g
,
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
f
il
terin
g
in
trac
ti
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
334
–
3
4
3
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
2
.
[4
]
R.
P
a
lan
isa
m
y
,
K.
V
ij
a
y
a
k
u
m
a
r
“
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
Bo
o
st
Co
n
tro
l
f
o
r
7
-
lev
e
l
z
-
so
u
rc
e
c
a
sc
a
d
e
d
h
-
b
r
id
g
e
in
v
e
rter
”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Driv
e
S
y
ste
m
s,
v
o
l
8
,
Iss
u
e
2
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
7
.
[5
]
M
.
C.
Di
P
iaz
z
a
,
A
.
R
a
g
u
sa
,
a
n
d
G
.
V
it
a
le,
“
A
n
o
p
ti
m
ize
d
f
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
c
o
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
a
c
ti
v
e
f
il
ter
f
o
r
v
e
h
icu
lar
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r
d
riv
e
s”
,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s.
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
6
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
3
1
5
3
–
3
1
6
2
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
1
1
.
[6
]
K.
Yu
e
n
a
n
d
H.
S
.
H
.
Ch
u
n
g
,
“
A
n
a
c
ti
v
e
lo
w
-
lo
ss
m
o
to
r
term
in
a
l
f
il
ter
f
o
r
o
v
e
rv
o
lt
a
g
e
su
p
p
re
ss
io
n
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
c
u
rre
n
t
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
”
,
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s.
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
7
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
3
1
5
8
–
3
1
7
2
,
Ju
l.
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
M
.
C.
Di
P
iaz
z
a
,
A
.
Ra
g
u
sa
,
a
n
d
G
.
V
it
a
le,
“
P
o
w
e
r
-
lo
ss
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
in
CM
a
c
ti
v
e
EM
I
f
il
ters
f
o
r
b
e
a
rin
g
c
u
rre
n
t
su
p
p
re
ss
io
n
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
5
8
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
5
1
4
2
–
5
1
5
3
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
1
1
.
[8
]
J.
Ra
b
k
o
w
sk
i,
“
I
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
Z
-
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rter
p
r
o
p
e
rti
e
s
u
sin
g
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
P
W
M
m
e
th
o
d
s”
,
i
n
Pro
c
.
th
e
1
3
th
Eu
r.
Co
n
f.
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
.
A
p
p
l
.
,
S
e
p
.
8
–
1
0
,
S
e
p
2
0
1
3
,
p
p
.
1
–
9.
[9
]
R.
P
a
lan
isa
m
y
,
A
.
U M
u
ta
w
a
k
k
il
,
K.
V
ij
a
y
a
k
u
m
a
r
“
H
y
st
e
re
sis S
V
M
f
o
r
c
o
u
p
le
d
in
d
u
c
t
o
r
z
so
u
rc
e
d
io
d
e
c
lam
p
e
d
3
-
lev
e
l
in
v
e
rter
b
a
se
d
g
rid
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
P
V
sy
ste
m
”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dri
v
e
S
y
ste
m
s,
v
o
l
7
,
Iss
u
e
4
,
De
c
2
0
1
6
.
[1
0
]
Bh
a
ra
ti
ra
ja,
C.
,
Ra
g
h
u
,
P
a
li
n
iam
y
,
K.R.
S
.
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
f
o
r
d
iff
e
re
n
t
P
W
M
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
to
re
d
u
c
e
th
e
c
o
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
lt
a
g
e
in
th
re
e
-
lev
e
l
n
e
u
tral
-
p
o
in
t
-
c
lam
p
e
d
in
v
e
rters
f
o
r
v
a
riab
le
sp
e
e
d
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
d
riv
e
s”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dri
v
e
S
y
ste
m
s,
v
o
l.
3
,
Iss
u
e
1
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
3
,
P
a
g
e
s 1
0
5
-
1
1
6
.
[1
1
]
D.
L
i,
P
.
C.
L
o
h
,
M
.
Zh
u
,
F
.
G
a
o
,
a
n
d
F
.
Blaa
b
jerg
,
“
G
e
n
e
ra
li
z
e
d
m
u
lt
ice
ll
s
w
it
c
h
e
d
-
in
d
u
c
t
o
r
a
n
d
sw
it
c
h
ed
-
c
a
p
a
c
it
o
r
Z
-
so
u
rc
e
i
n
v
e
rters
”
,
IEE
ET
ra
n
s
.
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
2
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
8
3
7
–
8
4
8
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
3
.
[1
2
]
W
.
W
u
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
ro
b
u
st p
a
ss
iv
e
d
a
m
p
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
L
L
CL
-
f
il
ter
-
b
a
se
d
g
rid
-
ti
e
d
in
v
e
rters
to
m
in
im
ize
th
e
e
ff
e
c
t
o
f
g
rid
h
a
rm
o
n
ic v
o
lt
a
g
e
s
”
,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s.
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
9
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
3
2
7
9
–
3
2
8
9
,
Ju
l.
2
0
1
4
.
[1
3
]
R.
Be
re
s,
X
.
W
a
n
g
,
F
.
Blaa
b
jerg
,
C.
L
.
B
a
k
,
a
n
d
M
.
L
ise
rre
,
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
th
e
se
lec
ti
v
e
re
so
n
a
n
t
L
CL
a
n
d
L
CL
p
lu
s tr
a
p
f
il
ters
”
,
in
Pro
c
.
In
t.
C
o
n
f.
Op
t
im.
El
e
c
t.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
E
q
u
i
p
.
(
OPT
IM
)
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
7
4
0
–
7
4
7
.
[1
4
]
R.
N.
Be
re
s,
X
.
W
a
n
g
,
F
.
Blaa
b
jerg
,
M
.
L
ise
rre
,
a
n
d
C.
L
.
Ba
k
,
“
Op
ti
m
a
l
d
e
si
g
n
o
f
h
ig
h
-
o
rd
e
r
p
a
ss
iv
e
-
d
a
m
p
e
d
f
il
ters
f
o
r
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
a
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s
”
,
IE
EE
T
r
a
n
s.
Po
we
r E
lec
tr
o
n
.
,
v
o
l.
3
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
0
8
3
–
2
0
9
8
,
M
a
r.
2
0
1
6
.
[1
5
]
S
.
V
e
sti,
T
.
S
u
n
ti
o
,
J.
A
.
Oliv
e
r,
R.
P
rieto
,
a
n
d
J.
A
.
Co
b
o
s,
“
Im
p
e
d
a
n
c
e
b
a
se
d
sta
b
il
i
ty
a
n
d
tran
sie
n
t
-
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
a
p
p
ly
in
g
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
e
a
k
c
rit
e
ria
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
2
8
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
2
0
9
9
–
2
1
0
4
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
3
.
[1
6
]
R.
P
a
lan
isa
m
y
,
K.
V
ij
a
y
a
k
u
m
a
r,
S
h
a
u
ry
a
M
isra
,
K.
S
e
lv
a
k
u
m
a
r,
D.
Ka
rth
ik
e
y
a
n
,
“
A
Clo
se
d
L
o
o
p
Cu
rre
n
t
C
o
n
tro
l
o
f
P
V
-
W
in
d
Hy
b
rid
S
o
u
rc
e
F
e
d
G
rid
Co
n
n
e
c
ted
T
ra
n
sf
o
r
m
e
rles
s
Dio
d
e
Cla
m
p
e
d
-
M
u
lt
i
L
e
v
e
l
In
v
e
rter
”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Re
v
iew
o
n
M
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
s
(I.
RE.
M
O.S
v
o
l
.
8
.
)
,
n
o
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
st 2
0
1
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.