Inter
national
J
our
nal
of
P
o
wer
Electr
onics
and
Dri
v
e
System
(IJPEDS)
V
ol.
11,
No.
3,
September
2020,
pp.
1441
1448
ISSN:
2088-8694,
DOI:
10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i3.pp1441-1448
r
1441
W
ir
eless
po
wer
and
data
transfer
thr
ough
carbon
composite
using
a
common
inducti
v
e
link
T
uan
Anh
V
u
1
,
Chi
V
an
Pham
2
,
W
illiam
T
ran
3
,
Anh-V
u
Pham
4
,
Christopher
S.
Gardner
5
1,2,3,4
Department
of
Electrical
and
Computer
Engineering,
Uni
v
ersity
of
California,
United
State
5
La
wrence
Li
v
ermore
National
Laboratory
,
United
State
1
VNU
Uni
v
ersity
of
Engineering
and
T
echnology
,
V
ietnam
Article
Inf
o
Article
history:
Recei
v
ed
Apr
21,
2019
Re
vised
Mar
21,
2020
Accepted
May
6,
2020
K
eyw
ords:
Ener
gy
harv
esting
Inducti
v
e
coupling
Through
carbon
composite
W
ireless
data
transfer
W
ireless
po
wer
transfer
ABSTRA
CT
This
paper
presents
the
design
and
de
v
elopment
of
an
inte
grated
wireless
po
wer
transfer
and
data
communication
system.
The
po
wer
and
data
transfer
share
a
common
inducti
v
e
link
that
consists
of
tw
o
identical
Helical
coils
placed
on
both
sides
of
a
carbon
composite
barrier
.
Po
wer
and
data
are
transferred
simultaneously
through
a
5-mm
thick
carbon
composite
barrier
without
an
y
ph
ysical
penetration
or
contact.
Po
wer
transfer
measurements
sho
w
that
the
system
can
deli
v
er
9.7
A
C
po
wer
to
the
recei
ving
coil
wi
th
a
po
wer
transfer
ef
ficienc
y
of
36%
through
the
carbon
composite
barrier
.
The
system
achie
v
es
a
bidirectional
half-duple
x
data
communication
with
the
data
rate
of
unit
1.2kbit/s.
This
is
an
open
access
article
under
the
CC
BY
-SA
license
.
Corresponding
A
uthor:
T
uan
Anh
V
u,
VNU
Uni
v
ersity
of
Engineering
and
T
echnology
,
144
Xuan
Thuy
Rd.,
Cau
Giay
Dist.,
Hanoi,
V
ietnam.
Email:
tanhvu@vnu.edu.vn
1.
INTR
ODUCTION
Design
and
optimization
of
wireless
po
wer
transfe
r
(WPT)
systems
ha
v
e
been
well
studied
o
v
er
t
he
last
decades
to
char
ge
cell
phones
and
electric
v
ehicles
as
well
as
to
po
wer
up
sensors
o
v
er
a
short
distance
[1–6].
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
a
great
demand
for
wirelessly
po
wered
s
ensors
to
support
structural
health
monitoring
(SHM)
for
industrial
applications
containing
carbon
composite
barriers
and
enclosures
(e.g.,
na
v
al
v
essel,
ai
rcraft
and
chemical
v
at).
Drilling
holes
for
feeding
wires
reduces
the
inte
grity
of
the
structure.
Specifically
,
practical
issues
include
higher
p
r
ob
a
bilities
for
the
leakage
of
toxic
chemicals
and
the
loss
of
pressure
or
v
acuum.
The
SHM
systems
typically
require
embedded
sensors
for
data
acquisition
inside
a
sealed
container
,
wireless
communication,
and
ener
gy
harv
esting.
The
sensors
need
to
be
po
wered
and
controlled
wirelessly
through
a
barrier
without
an
y
ph
ysical
penetration
through
mechanical
structures.
Se
v
eral
methods
ha
v
e
been
proposed
to
transfer
po
wer
and
data
wirelessly
using
a
common
i
nducti
v
e
link.
The
concept
of
inducti
v
e
po
wer
transfer
(IPT)
is
similar
to
the
principle
of
transformers
in
which
an
alternating
magnetic
field
in
the
primary
coil
induces
a
load
v
oltage
on
the
secondary
coil
when
the
tw
o
coils
are
tightly
coupled
[7-9].
In
lo
w-po
wer
applicati
ons,
the
inducti
v
e
link
for
po
wer
transfer
is
also
used
for
data
transmission,
where
the
data
is
directly
modulated
on
the
po
wer
carrier
[10-14].
Ho
we
v
er
,
these
techniques
ha
v
e
lo
w
data
rates
and
lo
w
po
wer
transfers.
Se
v
eral
methods
using
multiple
inducti
v
e
links
with
multiple
carriers
ha
v
e
been
proposed
to
increas
e
the
data
rate
while
maintaining
the
po
wer
transfer
ef
ficienc
y
[15,
16].
In
these
methods,
po
wer
and
data
are
transferred
via
independent
ph
ysical
channels,
where
the
po
wer
signal
is
deli
v
ered
through
one
inducti
v
e
J
ournal
homepage:
http://ijpeds.iaescor
e
.com
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1442
r
ISSN:
2088-8694
link
and
the
data
signal
is
transmitted
through
another
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
mult
iple
links
will
cause
e
xt
ra
magnetic
interferences
between
the
tw
o
channels,
thereby
decreasing
the
signal-to-noise
ratio
(SNR)
in
a
communication
channel.
Multiple
inducti
v
e
links
also
lead
to
lar
ger
de
vice
size,
which
is
undesirable
for
confined
space
applications.
The
method
with
multiple
carriers
in
a
single
inducti
v
e
link
is
another
candidate
for
WPT
systems.
Con
v
entional
s
ystems
feed
both
po
wer
and
data
signals
through
tw
o
terminals
of
the
inducti
v
e
coil
[17,
18]
or
use
strong
couple
inductors
t
o
mix
them
before
dri
ving
those
signals
to
the
coil
[19].
Ho
we
v
er
,
these
approaches
cause
direct
interference
of
high
po
wer
leakage
into
the
data
communication
band
at
multiple
harmonics.
As
a
result,
sharp-response
filtering
circuits
or
high
po
wer
data
transmission
(well
abo
v
e
harmonics
le
v
els)
is
required
for
a
successful
data
communication.
The
main
challenge
of
this
approach
is
to
achie
v
e
a
reliable
communication
link
in
the
presence
of
a
strong
interference
from
the
po
wer
link.
In
this
paper
,
a
no
v
el
system
for
simultaneous
po
wer
and
data
transfer
through
a
5-mm
thick
carbon
composite
barrier
using
a
common
inducti
v
e
link
will
be
presented
[20,
21].
The
block
diagram
of
the
proposed
system
is
sho
wn
in
Figure
1.
In
this
system,
po
wer
is
applied
tw
o
terminals
of
the
transmitting
coil
while
the
data
is
fed
through
the
coil’
s
center
tap.
By
doing
this,
the
po
wer
and
data
signals
are
isolated
by
means
of
the
half-coil
impedance.
This
feeding
configuration
can
help
to
reduce
the
data
signal
po
wer
being
transmitted
to
only
1.5.
Consequently
,
it
significantly
releases
the
amount
of
po
wer
that
needs
to
be
harv
ested
on
the
sensing
side
for
sensing
and
communication
operation.
A
complete
system
prototype
is
b
uilt
to
demonst
rate
that
it
can
deli
v
er
9.7
A
C
po
wer
to
the
sensing
side
and
achie
v
e
wireless
communication
at
the
data
rate
of
1.2.
2.
SYSTEM
O
VER
VIEW
As
demonstrated
in
Fi
gure
1,
the
system
is
di
vided
into
tw
o
parts:
the
primary
side
and
the
sensing
side.
On
the
primary
side,
a
po
wer
amplifier
(P
A)
deli
v
ers
po
wer
to
tw
o
terminals
of
the
transmitting
coil
while
the
data
is
applied
via
the
coil’
s
center
tap.
The
po
wer
and
data
mix
ed
signals
are
captured
across
tw
o
terminals
of
the
recei
ving
coils.
A
rectifier
is
emplo
yed
on
the
sensing
side
to
con
v
ert
the
harv
ested
ener
gy
into
DC
po
wer
.
This
DC
po
wer
is
then
used
for
sensing
and
communication
operat
ion
on
the
sensing
side,
which
does
not
ha
v
e
an
y
batteries.
The
frequenc
y
of
the
po
wer
carrier
is
set
at
300
while
the
data
carrier
is
set
at
8.
The
data-carrier
frequenc
y
should
be
at
least
an
order
of
magnitude
higher
than
the
po
wer
-carrier
frequenc
y
so
that
the
crosstalk
interference
of
data
communication
from
po
wer
transfer
is
suppressed.
This
f
acilitates
the
design
of
demodulation
circuit
and
guara
ntees
the
reliability
of
communication.
Lo
w
frequenc
y
w
as
chosen
for
the
wireless
po
wer
transfer
to
isolate
high
po
wer
leakage
at
multiple
harmonics
into
the
data
communication
band.
Con
v
e
rsely
,
for
the
wireless
data
transfer
,
high
frequenc
y
had
to
be
chosen
to
ha
v
e
lar
ge
b
a
nd
wi
dth
for
high
data
rate.
Ho
we
v
er
,
the
frequenc
y
of
data
carrier
cannot
be
too
high
because
data
signals
may
e
xperience
significant
loss
through
the
inducti
v
e
link.
Figure
1.
Proposed
system
for
po
wer
and
data
transfer
through
carbon
composite
Int
J
Po
w
Elec
&
Dri
Syst,
V
ol.
11,
No.
3,
September
2020
:
1441
–
1448
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Int
J
Po
w
Elec
&
Dri
Syst
ISSN:
2088-8694
r
1443
2.1.
ASK
transcei
v
er
In
the
proposed
system,
bidirectional
half-duple
x
communication
between
the
primary
side
and
the
sensing
side
is
implemented
using
amplitude-shift
k
e
ying
(
ASK)
modulation.
The
proposed
ASK
transcei
v
er
sho
wn
in
Figure
2,
is
adopted
in
both
sides.
In
forw
ard
communication,
the
primary
side
is
set
to
a
transmitter
mode
while
the
sensing
side
is
set
to
a
recei
v
er
mode.
In
backw
ard
communication,
the
primary
side
is
set
to
a
recei
v
er
mode
while
the
sensing
side
is
set
to
a
transmitter
mode.
The
ASK
transcei
v
er
can
operate
in
tw
o
modes:
transmitter
mode
and
recei
v
er
mode,
which
are
controlled
by
a
bidirectional
electroni
cs
switch
TPS2080
from
T
e
xas
Instruments.
On
the
transmitter
mode,
digital
data
from
an
Arduino
microcontroller
(uC)
is
mix
ed
with
an
8-kHz
carrier
frequenc
y
generated
by
a
local
oscillator
(LO)
on
a
printed
circuit
board
(PCB).
The
ASK
modulated
signal
is
then
amplified
by
a
commercial
audio
P
A
TD
A7391
from
STMicroelectronics
and
emplo
yed
as
a
signal
source
to
transmit
data.
On
the
recei
v
er
mode,
the
incoming
data
is
demodulated
and
read
by
the
same
Arduino
microcontroller
.
The
ASK
demodulator
includes
an
acti
v
e
high-pass
filter
(HPF),
a
squarer
,
a
lo
w-pass
filter
(LPF)
and
a
comparator
.
The
acti
v
e
HPF
consists
of
a
second-order
RC
HPF
follo
wed
by
an
op-amp
amplifier
.
The
strong
po
wer
carrier
signal
and
its
harmonics
that
may
interfere
with
the
baseband
data
signal
are
suppressed
by
40
by
the
acti
v
e
HPF
.
The
filtered
signals
are
then
amplified
and
demodulated
by
the
follo
wing
sub-blocks
in
the
recei
v
er
chain.
Figure
2.
Proposed
ASK
transcei
v
er
,
(a)
ASK
modulator
,
(b)
ASK
demodulator
2.2.
Class-E
po
wer
amplifier
A
class-E
P
A
is
co-designed
with
the
inducti
v
e
link
for
po
wer
transfer
.
Class-E
P
As
achie
v
e
s
ignif-
icantly
higher
ef
ficienc
y
than
their
con
v
entional
class-B
or
-C
counterparts.
The
ef
ficienc
y
is
maximized
by
minimizing
po
wer
dissipation,
while
still
maintaining
a
desired
output
po
wer
.
The
insulated-g
ate
bipolar
tran-
sistor
(IGBT)
STGW15S120DF3
from
STMicroelec
tronics
w
as
used
as
the
po
wer
transistor
.
This
IGBT
f
amily
has
been
specifically
optimized
for
lo
w
switching
frequencies.
The
complete
circuit
of
the
300
class-E
P
A
with
all
component
v
alues
are
gi
v
en
in
Figure
3.
The
P
A
design
is
obtained
by
the
Sokal-Raab
approach
[22,
23]
is
the
coupling
capacitor
at
the
input
of
the
P
A.
R
1
and
R
2
form
a
v
oltage
di
vider
for
g
ate
biasing.
The
DC-feed
chok
e,
L
0
pro
vides
the
connection
to
the
DC
po
wer
supply
.
L
1
and
L
2
represent
the
coil
inductances.
In
this
design,
the
IGBT
operates
as
an
on/of
f
switch
and
the
load
netw
ork
shapes
the
v
oltage
and
current
w
a
v
eforms
to
pre
v
ent
simultaneous
high
v
oltage
and
high
current
in
the
transistor
.
The
load
netw
ork
is
designed
consider
-
ing
ef
fects
of
the
inducti
v
e
link.
The
inductances
of
the
transmitting
and
recei
ving
coils
become
a
part
of
the
load
netw
ork.
C
1
and
C
2
ensure
that
the
collector
v
oltage
and
collector
current
switching
transitions
are
time-
displaced
from
each
other
.
Consequently
,
the
po
wer
dissipation
is
minimized,
especially
during
the
switching
transitions.
L
2
and
C
3
form
a
series-parallel
resonant
circuit.
The
IGBT
is
dri
v
en
with
a
g
ate
v
oltage
of
8
and
a
supply
v
oltage
of
15.
Measurement
results
sho
w
that
the
designed
P
A
achie
v
es
a
high
collector
ef
ficienc
y
of
54.2%
when
deli
v
ers
27
po
wer
at
300
to
the
transmitting
coil.
W
ir
eless
power
and
data
tr
ansfer
thr
ough
carbon
composite
...
(T
uan
Anh
V
u)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1444
r
ISSN:
2088-8694
Figure
3.
Schematic
diagram
of
the
class-E
po
wer
amplifier
2.3.
P
o
wer
management
The
po
wer
management
module
consis
ts
of
an
impedance
transformer
follo
wed
by
se
v
eral
v
oltage
re
gulators.
Since
the
impedance
of
the
coil
is
approximately
1
at
300,
the
A
C
po
wer
is
harv
ested
on
the
recei
ving
coil
in
form
of
lo
w
v
oltage
and
hi
gh
current.
The
series-L
parallel-C
impedance
transformer
is
used
to
boost
up
the
harv
ested
A
C
v
oltage.
The
A
C
v
oltage
is
then
con
v
erted
into
the
DC
v
oltage
by
a
full-bridge
rectifier
GBPC3502W
from
ON
Semiconductor
follo
wed
by
se
v
eral
smoothing
capacitors.
The
DC
v
oltage
is
distrib
uted
to
se
v
eral
v
oltage
re
gulators
to
generate
stable
v
oltage
supplies
for
po
wering
dif
ferent
sub-blocks
of
the
ASK
transcei
v
er
and
sensors
on
the
sensing
side.
2.4.
Helical
coil
The
po
wer
and
data
carrier
share
a
common
inducti
v
e
link
using
a
pair
of
identical
Helical
coils
whose
inductances
are
0.45.
Analysis
and
design
of
Helical
coil
were
presented
in
[24-27]
By
co-axially
align-
ing
a
pair
of
coils,
the
wireless
IPT
channel
is
formed
without
an
y
ph
ysical
penetration
through
the
carbon
composite
barrier
.
The
Helical
circular
geometry
results
in
a
more
uniform
magnetic
field
distrib
ution
that
sig-
nificantly
impro
v
es
the
ef
ficienc
y
of
ener
gy
transfer
compared
to
that
of
the
con
v
entional
Solenoid
counterpart.
The
Helical
coils
are
constructed
using
American
W
ire
Gauge
(A
WG)
16
magnet
wire.
The
y
ha
v
e
63
turns
with
inner
and
outer
radius
of
22
and
108,
respecti
v
ely
.
Measurement
results
demonstrate
that
the
po
wer
transfer
ef
ficienc
y
is
36%
for
transfering
po
wer
at
300
through
the
5-mm
thick
carbon
composite
barrier
.
3.
EXPERIMENT
AL
RESUL
TS
A
complete
prototype
w
as
b
uilt
to
demonstrate
the
ef
fecti
v
eness
of
the
proposed
system.
Figure
4
illustrates
the
measurement
setup
for
po
wer
and
data
transfer
through
a
400
400
5
carbon
com-
posite
barrier
.
The
other
Helical
coil
cannot
be
seen
in
the
figure
since
it
is
co
v
ered
by
the
carbon
composite
barrier
.
F
or
the
practical
d
e
monstration
of
the
proposed
system,
the
prototype
performances
were
v
erified
in
tw
o
e
xperiments
as
sho
wn
in
Figure
5.
The
first
e
xperiment
v
erifies
backw
ard
communication
in
which
the
sensing
side
sends
data
to
the
primary
side.
A
temperature
sensor
TMP36
connected
to
the
Arduino
microcon-
troller
on
the
sensing
side
continuously
collects
information
on
the
temperature
of
the
surrounding
en
vironment.
The
Arduino
microcontroller
is
programmed
to
read
this
data
a
n
d
then
the
ASK
transcei
v
er
sends
the
data
to
the
primary
side
at
a
rate
of
1.2.
The
temperature
v
alues
are
displayed
on
the
monitor
of
a
computer
connected
to
the
Arduino
microcontroller
board
for
further
v
erification.
In
the
second
e
xperiment,
bidirectional
half-duple
x
data
communication
is
established
when
tw
o
ASK
transcei
v
ers
e
xchange
one
thousand
bytes
of
data.
The
data
is
enclosed
by
the
user
-defined
start
and
stop
bytes.
The
ASK
transcei
v
er
on
the
sensing
side
starts
the
communication
at
a
data
rate
of
1.2
by
sending
the
start
byte
follo
wed
by
one
thousand
bytes
of
data
and
then
the
stop
byte.
After
sending
the
stop
byte,
the
transcei
v
er
is
switched
to
recei
v
er
mode.
On
the
primary
side,
as
soon
as
the
ASK
transcei
v
er
d
e
tects
the
start
byte,
it
is
switched
to
t
he
recei
v
er
mode
and
starts
recei
ving
the
data
in
the
backw
ard
communicati
on.
Alternati
v
ely
,
whene
v
er
the
ASK
transcei
v
er
on
the
primary
side
detects
the
stop
byte,
it
is
switched
to
the
transmitter
mode
and
starts
sending
the
data
in
the
forw
ard
communication.
F
or
both
e
xperiments
,
the
ASK
transcei
v
er
on
the
sensi
ng
side
w
as
po
wered
by
the
rectified
A
C
po
wer
that
w
as
harv
ested
simultaneously
while
the
data
w
as
recei
v
ed
properly
without
an
y
bit
error
.
Int
J
Po
w
Elec
&
Dri
Syst,
V
ol.
11,
No.
3,
September
2020
:
1441
–
1448
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Int
J
Po
w
Elec
&
Dri
Syst
ISSN:
2088-8694
r
1445
Figure
4.
Measurement
setup
Figure
5.
Experiment
setups:
(a)
Real-time
measurement
of
en
vironment
temperature;
(b)
Bidirectional
half-duple
x
data
communication.
Figure
6
(a)
sho
ws
a
typical
spectrum
of
mea
sured
po
wer
a
nd
data
m
ix
ed
signals
in
the
frequenc
y
domain
captured
by
a
v
ector
signal
analyzer
.
As
seen
in
this
figure,
the
modulated
data
signals
e
xhibit
lo
wer
side
band
(LSB)
and
upper
side
band
(USB)
symmetrically
at
the
data-carrier
frequenc
y
of
8.
At
this
data
rate,
the
channel
bandwidth
needed
for
data
communication
is
2.4.
The
po
wer
of
the
data
signal
at
the
carrier
frequenc
y
and
LSB/USB
are
14.6
and
6.1,
respecti
v
ely
.
At
the
fundamental
frequenc
y
of
300,
the
po
wer
of
transmitted
signal
is
30.3
while
the
second
and
third
harmonics
are
22.6
and
11.2,
respecti
v
ely
.
Although
the
po
wer
signal
is
much
higher
than
the
data
signal,
the
y
are
still
separated
when
the
data-carrier
frequenc
y
is
chosen
to
be
much
higher
than
the
po
wer
-carrier
frequenc
y
.
Consequently
,
the
modulated
signal
is
not
interfered
with
the
high-order
harmonics
of
the
po
wer
-carrier
signal.
Figure
6
(b)
sho
ws
t
he
mix
ed
signals
in
the
time
domain
captured
by
an
oscilloscope.
The
lo
w
frequenc
y
corresponds
to
the
po
wer
-carrier
signal
of
300,
which
is
used
to
transfer
po
wer
to
t
he
sensing
side.
The
high
frequenc
y
signal
corresponds
to
the
data-carrier
signal
of
8,
which
is
used
for
ASK
modulation.
Figure
7
sho
ws
a
measured
signal
w
a
v
eforms
in
backw
ard
communication
at
a
data
rate
of
1.2.
The
backw
ard
communication
is
more
challenging
due
to
the
limited
po
wer
b
udget
that
can
be
harv
ested
on
the
sensing
side.
The
demodulation
of
the
weak
reception
data
signals
on
the
primary
side
is
critical
to
ha
v
e
data
recei
v
ed
properly
.
Figure
7
(
a)
and
7
(b)
sho
w
the
transmitted
digital
data
from
the
Arduino
microcontroller
and
the
ASK
modulated
signal
after
the
data
signal
is
mix
ed
with
the
8-kHz
carrier
frequenc
y
generated
by
the
local
oscillator
,
respecti
v
ely
.
The
strong
po
wer
-carrie
r
signal
at
300
and
its
harmonics
are
suppressed
by
the
acti
v
e
HPF;
thus,
only
data
signals
are
a
v
ailable
for
demodulation.
Figure
7c
plots
the
baseband
signals
after
do
wncon
v
ersion
and
lo
w-pass
filtering.
Depending
on
the
recei
v
ed
signal
strength,
the
reference
v
oltage
of
the
follo
wing
comparat
or
is
s
et
accordingly
.
The
digital
data
coming
out
from
the
ASK
demodulat
or
is
pl
otted
in
Figure
7
(d).
Comparing
Figure
7
(a)
with
Figura
7
(d),
it
is
demonstrated
that
the
transmitted
and
recei
v
ed
data
are
e
xactly
the
same
with
0.24
delay
time
in
transmission.
The
rece
i
v
ed
digital
data
is
read
by
the
Arduino
microcontroller
on
the
primary
s
ide
and
displayed
on
a
computer
monitor
for
v
erificat
ion.
The
signal-to-noise
W
ir
eless
power
and
data
tr
ansfer
thr
ough
carbon
composite
...
(T
uan
Anh
V
u)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1446
r
ISSN:
2088-8694
ratio
(SNR)
of
approximately
18
for
a
bandwidth
of
2.4
could
be
obtained.
Using
the
proposed
system,
sensors
and
communicat
ion
circuits
enclosed
in
sealed
containers
can
be
po
wered
up
and
communicate
with
e
xterior
de
vices
without
an
y
ph
ysical
penetration
for
wire
feed-throughs.
Figure
6.
Measured
transmitting
mix
ed
signals
in,
(a)
frequenc
y
domain
and
(b)
time
domain
Figure
7.
Measured
signal
w
a
v
eforms
in
backw
ard
communication
at
data
rate
of
1.2,
(a)
T
ransmitted
digital
data,
(b)
ASK
modulated
signals
before
po
wer
amplification,
(c)
Recei
v
ed
signal
after
lo
w-pass
filtering
and
(d)
Recei
v
ed
digital
data
after
thresholding
4.
CONCLUSION
In
this
paper
,
we
ha
v
e
presented
a
no
v
el
system
using
multiple
carriers
in
a
single
inducti
v
e
link
for
wireless
po
wer
and
data
transfer
through
the
5-mm
thick
carbon
composite
barrier
.
The
proposed
system
e
xploits
the
center
tap
architecture
enabling
high
po
wer
transfer
and
data
communication
at
the
same
time.
Measurement
results
demonstrate
that
the
system
could
achie
v
e
wireless
communicati
on
at
a
data
rate
of
1.2
while
the
sensing
side
w
as
po
wered
up
using
9.7
A
C
po
wer
that
w
as
harv
ested
simultaneously
.
Int
J
Po
w
Elec
&
Dri
Syst,
V
ol.
11,
No.
3,
September
2020
:
1441
–
1448
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Int
J
Po
w
Elec
&
Dri
Syst
ISSN:
2088-8694
r
1447
A
CKNO
WLEDGMENT
This
w
ork
has
been
supported
by
La
wrence
Li
v
ermore
National
Laboratory
under
the
project
number
B620352.
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thr
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carbon
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...
(T
uan
Anh
V
u)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
1448
r
ISSN:
2088-8694
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