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205
A
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[
3
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Oth
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15
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k
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1
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1
3
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iag
n
o
s
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
I
n
t
h
is
wo
r
k
,
in
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
p
r
o
f
itin
g
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
lin
e
s
a
s
a
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
c
h
an
n
el,
t
h
e
m
ag
n
etic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
s
u
latio
n
f
a
u
lt
p
r
o
tectio
n
s
y
s
te
m
(
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
i
n
V
SDs
)
ar
e
u
s
ed
a
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
u
p
li
n
g
d
e
v
i
ce
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
i
m
p
lies
t
h
e
d
i
f
f
icu
l
t
y
o
f
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
a
n
d
d
etec
ti
n
g
s
ig
n
als
w
it
h
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
n
o
i
s
e
in
j
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
v
o
ltag
e
P
W
M
s
i
g
n
al
s
.
T
h
e
in
d
u
ctiv
e
co
u
p
lin
g
p
r
o
o
f
to
b
e
th
e
m
o
r
e
r
eliab
le
in
P
W
M
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
[
8
]
,
b
u
t
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
i
g
n
al
s
ar
e
in
j
ec
ted
in
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
to
b
e
ab
le
o
f
in
s
u
latio
n
f
a
u
lt d
etec
tio
n
s
.
Du
e
to
th
e
f
ac
t
t
h
at
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
a
l
in
j
ec
tio
n
is
i
n
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e,
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
ch
a
n
n
el
an
d
th
e
n
o
is
e
ar
e
s
tu
d
ied
f
o
r
th
is
p
ar
ti
cu
lar
s
ch
e
m
e
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
A
B
C
D
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
m
a
tr
ix
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
as
in
[
1
3
].
B
ased
o
n
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
ch
a
n
n
el
m
o
d
el
o
b
tain
ed
,
an
FS
K
s
y
s
te
m
w
a
s
d
es
ig
n
ed
,
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
an
d
test
ed
.
A
1
0
k
b
p
s
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
o
v
er
a
le
n
g
t
h
o
f
1
2
5
m
o
f
4
x
6
m
m
2
E
T
I
X
ca
b
le
w
a
s
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
ll
y
ac
h
iev
ed
.
A
ls
o
,
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
was
test
ed
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
l
y
w
it
h
8
s
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
P
I
cir
cu
it
(
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
1
2
5
m
ea
c
h
s
ec
tio
n
)
e
m
u
lat
in
g
t
h
e
b
eh
av
i
o
r
o
f
1
k
m
o
f
th
e
s
a
m
e
ca
b
le.
2.
P
RO
T
E
C
T
I
O
N
A
ND
C
O
M
M
NAD
SYST
E
M
2
.
1
.
B
a
s
ic
P
ro
t
ec
t
io
n Sche
m
e
B
asic
p
r
o
tectio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
i
n
te
g
r
ated
in
V
SDs
,
s
u
c
h
as
in
s
u
latio
n
f
a
u
lt
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
h
ese
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
g
e
n
er
all
y
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
a
s
d
if
f
er
e
n
tial
r
el
a
y
s
[
16
]
,
[
17
]
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
co
n
c
ep
tu
all
y
b
ased
o
n
a
p
r
o
p
er
ty
o
f
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
ase
a
n
d
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
w
h
ich
s
ta
tes
th
a
t
in
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
i
n
s
u
latio
n
f
a
u
lt
s
t
h
e
s
u
m
o
f
th
e
lin
e
c
u
r
r
en
ts
m
u
s
t
b
e
n
u
l
l.
T
h
is
s
ch
e
m
e
s
w
itch
e
s
-
o
f
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
w
h
e
n
ev
er
a
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
i
n
th
e
f
ee
d
lin
e
s
ap
p
ea
r
s
.
As
s
tated
i
n
[
1
8
]
if
t
h
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
tial
p
r
o
tectio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
i
s
b
u
ilt
u
s
i
n
g
s
m
all
-
co
r
es
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
t
w
o
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
On
e
in
j
ec
ts
a
h
ig
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
to
b
e
d
etec
ted
b
y
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
n
e
o
n
l
y
i
f
a
n
in
s
u
la
tio
n
f
au
lt
o
cc
u
r
.
T
h
is
s
ch
e
m
e
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
D
I
F
F
E
R
E
N
T
I
A
L
D
E
T
E
C
T
I
O
N
T
R
A
N
S
F
O
R
M
E
R
H
O
M
O
P
O
L
A
R
S
E
N
S
I
N
G
R
S
T
I
N
D
U
C
T
I
O
N
M
O
T
O
R
I
N
J
E
C
T
O
R
D
I
F
F
E
R
E
N
T
I
A
L
I
N
J
E
C
T
I
O
N
T
R
A
N
S
F
O
R
M
E
R
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
I
n
j
ec
tio
n
an
d
d
etec
tio
n
s
ig
n
al
s
ch
e
m
e
f
o
r
in
s
u
latio
n
f
a
u
lt d
etec
tio
n
T
h
e
s
ig
n
al
i
n
j
ec
tio
n
cir
cu
i
t
w
il
l
n
o
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
cir
cu
lati
n
g
c
u
r
r
en
t
as
lo
n
g
as
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
d
o
es
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
a
n
e
u
tr
al
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
t
h
e
u
s
u
al
ca
s
e.
I
n
th
i
s
s
it
u
atio
n
,
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
o
f
t
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
tial
cu
r
r
en
t
d
etec
tio
n
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
p
r
ese
n
ts
n
o
in
d
u
ce
d
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
s
i
g
n
al
w
ill
b
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
i
n
j
ec
ted
an
d
d
etec
ted
w
h
e
n
a
g
r
o
u
n
d
o
r
n
eu
tr
al
f
a
u
lt
o
cc
u
r
s
b
ec
au
s
e
th
at
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
h
o
m
o
p
o
lar
cu
r
r
en
t
co
u
ld
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
n
et
f
l
u
x
in
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
co
r
e
to
in
d
u
ce
a
d
etec
tab
le
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
v
o
lta
g
e.
I
f
th
e
n
eu
tr
al
ter
m
i
n
al
is
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
to
th
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o
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r
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b
o
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to
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in
a
ted
b
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it
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f
t
h
e
d
etec
tio
n
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
co
r
es.
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2
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Co
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t
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Sig
na
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Co
u
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us
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Co
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tr
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p
r
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tecti
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s
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o
f
t
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etic
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s
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p
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ev
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n
ter
f
ac
i
n
g
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
o
w
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lin
e
s
to
in
j
ec
t
an
d
r
ec
o
v
er
co
m
m
an
d
s
,
w
it
h
o
u
t
lo
s
i
n
g
th
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
in
s
u
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n
f
a
u
lt
d
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tio
n
.
Dep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
s
p
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if
ic
ap
p
licatio
n
,
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
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o
s
s
ib
le
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
c
h
e
m
es.
On
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
ca
s
e
w
h
er
e
th
e
d
ata
f
lo
w
i
s
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
s
u
p
er
v
is
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
th
e
v
ar
iab
l
e
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
e
(
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
.
Un
d
er
th
ese
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
if
t
h
e
in
v
er
te
r
h
as
a
f
ilter
at
th
e
in
p
u
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w
h
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h
u
s
u
all
y
h
a
s
)
,
th
e
f
lo
w
i
n
g
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
d
o
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
a
h
i
g
h
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
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tio
n
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w
h
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h
is
t
h
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m
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f
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ett
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m
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h
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w
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n
th
e
m
o
to
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an
d
th
e
in
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ter
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
,
d
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e
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th
e
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ig
h
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o
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e
P
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m
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to
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ld
b
e
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en
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in
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d
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n
o
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s
in
f
o
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m
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n
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th
e
s
u
p
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v
is
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
,
s
u
c
h
as
m
o
to
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w
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n
d
in
g
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e,
v
ib
r
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n
,
etc.
M
o
n
i
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o
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a
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i
o
n
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n
d
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e
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D
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t
a
M
o
t
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m
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r
a
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r
R
e
c
e
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r
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
n
v
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ter
-
Mo
to
r
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e
m
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co
m
m
a
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M
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tech
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19
]
.
B
o
th
th
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i
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tio
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ter
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er
li
n
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As
co
n
clu
d
ed
in
[
8
]
th
e
in
d
u
cti
v
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co
u
p
lin
g
in
ter
f
ac
e
is
t
h
e
m
o
r
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r
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Fig
u
r
e
4
s
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I
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4
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h
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Fig
u
r
e
4
ca
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y
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en
er
al
co
m
m
u
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io
n
m
o
d
el
s
h
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in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
m
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d
el
co
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is
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s
o
f
t
h
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p
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h
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d
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A
cc
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to
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p
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th
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at
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r
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en
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Fig
u
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5
.
Gen
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P
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m
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p
ath
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.
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th
i
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tio
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,
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ch
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u
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t
u
d
ied
,
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b
tain
in
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th
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f
r
eq
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en
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r
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b
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w
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a
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d
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b
y
t
h
e
A
B
C
D
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
m
atr
i
x
m
et
h
o
d
as in
[
1
3
].
A
ll
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
t
h
at
i
n
te
g
r
ate
th
e
w
h
o
le
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
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es
cr
ib
ed
b
y
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w
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tr
a
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m
i
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m
atr
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x
,
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d
th
e
n
,
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h
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ain
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a
p
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o
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o
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th
e
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m
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lete
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an
s
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ch
ar
ac
ter
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tic.
A
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
4
,
th
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s
ig
n
al
is
in
j
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
tr
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s
m
itter
th
r
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g
h
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e
in
d
u
cti
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co
u
p
lin
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at
th
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m
o
to
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s
id
e.
T
h
en
,
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e
d
ata
tr
av
el
th
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g
h
t
h
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e
s
to
t
h
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r
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e
n
d
,
w
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th
e
i
n
d
u
cti
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co
u
p
li
n
g
o
f
th
e
r
ec
ep
to
r
d
em
o
d
u
lates
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e
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
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n
.
A
d
d
itio
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y
,
i
n
p
ar
allel
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it
h
t
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e
m
o
to
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d
th
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v
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ter
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if
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v
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t
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n
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ted
)
th
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e
ar
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m
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m
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d
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i
m
p
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ce
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(
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th
at
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h
e
h
o
m
o
p
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lar
cu
r
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en
t to
f
lo
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Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
co
u
p
li
n
g
in
ter
f
ac
e
at
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r
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a
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r
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ted
to
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e
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w
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th
t
h
e
s
i
g
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al
p
ath
:
(
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(
)
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2
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
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8
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8
694
IJ
PEDS
Vo
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8
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1
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Ma
r
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7
:
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212
208
(
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3
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T
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ap
p
ly
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h
ain
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s
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itter
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h
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Fi
g
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r
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7
.
T
h
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ad
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ip
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an
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m
is
s
io
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a
tr
ix
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n
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ec
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is
also
s
h
o
w
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i
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t
h
e
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a
m
e
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i
g
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e.
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ac
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m
atr
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x
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th
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F
i
g
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7
a
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
:
Tp
i:
I
n
jecto
r
’
s
p
a
r
a
llel imp
ed
a
n
ce
tr
a
n
s
mis
s
io
n
ma
tr
ix.
Ts
i:
I
n
jecto
r
’
s
s
erie
s
imp
ed
a
n
ce
tr
a
n
s
mis
s
io
n
ma
tr
ix
Tm:
Mo
to
r
’
s
a
n
d
p
a
r
a
llel le
a
k
a
g
e’
s
imp
ed
a
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ce
tr
a
n
s
mis
s
io
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ma
tr
ix.
Tc:
C
a
b
le’
s
tr
a
n
s
mis
s
io
n
ma
tr
ix.
Tfi
:
I
n
ve
r
ter’s a
n
d
p
a
r
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llel le
a
ka
g
e’
s
imp
ed
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ce
tr
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mis
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n
ce
tr
a
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mis
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ma
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p
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ce
tr
a
n
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tr
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r
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n
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4
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.
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]
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.
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1
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la,
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Co
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s
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]
C.
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t
a
l.
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4
]
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.
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G
.
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S
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irrel
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In
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l/
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e
:
28
(
4
)
,
1
9
9
2
.
[1
5
]
P
.
O’D
o
n
n
e
ll
,
“
Re
p
o
rt
o
f
larg
e
M
o
to
r
Re
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a
b
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strial
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in
sta
ll
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ti
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n
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n
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E
T
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c
ti
o
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In
d
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stry
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s
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e
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p
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.
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6
]
T
.
K.
Ch
a
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rjee
,
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t
a
l.
,
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A
No
v
e
l
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o
li
d
-
S
t
a
te
In
te
g
ra
ted
Pr
o
tec
ti
o
n
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y
ste
m
fo
r
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h
re
e
Ph
a
se
In
d
u
c
ti
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n
M
o
to
rs
,
”
3
r
d
In
tern
a
ti
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n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
Kh
a
ra
g
p
u
r,
IND
IA
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
7
]
IEE
E
S
t
d
C3
7
.
9
6
-
2
0
0
0
,
“
IEE
E
G
u
id
e
f
o
r
A
C
M
o
to
r
P
ro
tec
ti
o
n
,
”
2
0
0
0
.
[1
8
]
M
.
F
.
Bu
lac
i
o
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
-
In
teg
ra
ted
Circu
it
A
c
ti
v
e
L
e
a
k
a
g
e
Cu
rre
n
t
d
e
tec
to
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Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
in
Po
w
e
r
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e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
2
0
1
2
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
9
]
M
.
F
.
Bu
lac
io
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
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teg
ra
ted
S
w
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c
h
e
d
-
Ca
p
a
c
it
o
r
F
S
K
D
e
m
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ra
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sm
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o
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In
f
o
rm
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M
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in
e
s
,
”
7
°
Arg
e
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in
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C
o
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fer
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c
e
Of
M
icr
o
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Na
n
o
E
lec
tro
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ics
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t
e
c
h
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l
o
g
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a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
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ti
o
n
s (
CAM
T
A)
,
IEE
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-
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lo
re
,
2
0
1
3
.
[2
0
]
M
.
Zi
m
m
e
r
m
a
n
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a
n
d
K.
D
o
st
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rt,
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n
a
l
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d
m
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m
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lsiv
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ro
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b
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n
d
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e
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m
m
u
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s
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ra
n
s.
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lec
tro
ma
g
n
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m
p
a
t
.
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
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(1
),
p
p
.
2
4
9
–
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5
8
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
1
]
M
.
G
o
tz,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
li
n
e
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
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n
d
th
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ir
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e
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t
o
n
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
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sy
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e
sig
n
,
”
IEE
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Co
mm
u
n
.
M
a
g
.
,
v
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l/
issu
e
:
4
2
(4
),
p
p
.
7
8
–
86
,
2
0
0
4
.
[2
2
]
I
.
Ch
a
tt
e
rjee
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Hu
m
a
n
Bo
d
y
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m
p
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d
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
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h
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sh
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ld
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rr
e
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ts
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r
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d
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a
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n
f
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r
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n
tac
t
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z
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rd
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n
a
l
y
si
s in
th
e
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L
F
-
M
F
Ba
n
d
,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
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o
me
d
ica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
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M
E
-
33
(
5
)
,
1
9
8
6
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
M
a
tia
s
F.
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u
la
c
io
wa
s
b
o
rn
i
n
Bu
e
n
o
s
A
ires
,
A
rg
e
n
ti
n
a
,
i
n
1
9
8
4
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
E.
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
t
h
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Bu
e
n
o
s
A
ires
in
2
0
1
1
a
n
d
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
f
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ish
in
g
h
is
P
h
.
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S
in
c
e
2
0
1
3
,
h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
i
n
stru
c
t
o
r
a
t
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
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e
c
tri
c
a
l
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g
in
e
e
rin
g
in
Ba
sic
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e
c
tro
n
ics
.
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h
a
d
a
n
UBA
(2
0
1
1
)
a
n
d
P
e
r
u
il
h
(
2
0
1
1
-
2
0
1
6
)
sc
h
o
lars
h
ip
s
to
re
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li
z
e
h
is
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h
D
d
irec
ted
b
y
H
.
E.
T
a
c
c
a
a
t
th
e
“
Lab
o
ra
to
rio
d
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
d
e
A
c
c
io
n
a
m
ien
to
s
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ra
c
c
io
n
y
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o
te
n
c
ia,
L
A
BC
AT
Y
P
”
,
F
a
c
u
lt
a
d
d
e
In
g
e
n
ieri
a
,
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n
iv
e
rsid
a
d
d
e
B
u
e
n
o
s A
ires
.
H
e
r
n
a
n
E.
Ta
c
c
a
w
a
s
b
o
rn
in
A
rg
e
n
ti
n
a
o
n
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
1
5
,
1
9
5
4
.
He
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B.
E.
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Bu
e
n
o
s
A
ires
(
A
r
g
e
n
ti
n
a
),
i
n
1
9
8
1
a
n
d
t
h
e
M
.
S
.
a
n
d
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
s
f
ro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
s
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
o
f
L
il
le
(F
ra
n
c
e
)
in
1
9
8
8
a
n
d
1
9
9
3
,
re
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
l
y
.
In
1
9
9
8
h
e
re
c
e
i
v
e
d
th
e
Do
c
to
ra
te
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Bu
e
n
o
s
A
ires
.
S
in
c
e
1
9
8
4
,
h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
w
it
h
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
o
f
th
e
U
n
iv
e
r
sit
y
o
f
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e
n
o
s
A
ires
,
w
h
e
re
h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
f
u
ll
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
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n
d
e
n
g
a
g
e
d
in
tea
c
h
in
g
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
in
th
e
a
re
a
s
o
f
in
d
u
strial
e
lec
tro
n
ics
.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
st
a
re
in
t
h
e
f
ield
o
f
S
M
P
S
,
U
P
S
,
b
a
tt
e
ry
c
h
a
rg
e
rs,
so
f
t
-
sw
it
c
h
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s an
d
m
icro
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
.
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