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s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
in
v
er
ter
s
.
Oth
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
P
OD
-
SP
W
M,
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
m
o
r
e
A
lter
n
ati
v
e
C
ar
r
ier
Dis
p
o
s
itio
n
SP
W
M
s
tr
ateg
ies
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
i
n
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
th
a
t
ap
p
lied
in
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
.
T
h
ese
ar
e
(
i)
P
h
as
e
Dis
p
o
s
itio
n
(
P
D)
,
w
h
er
e
all
ca
r
r
ier
s
ar
e
i
n
p
h
a
s
e
[
6
]
an
d
(
ii)
Alter
n
ate
P
h
a
s
e
Op
p
o
s
itio
n
Dis
p
o
s
it
io
n
(
AP
OD)
,
w
h
er
e
ea
ch
ca
r
r
ier
is
p
h
ase
s
h
i
f
ted
b
y
π
f
r
o
m
its
ad
j
ac
en
t
ca
r
r
ier
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
ab
u
n
d
an
t
m
o
d
u
la
ti
o
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l
p
ar
ad
ig
m
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
lev
el
s
o
f
p
u
l
s
e
w
id
t
h
m
o
d
u
latio
n
co
n
v
er
ter
s
o
th
er
th
a
n
s
in
u
s
(
SP
W
M)
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
s
ele
cted
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
e
li
m
in
at
io
n
(
S
HE
-
P
W
M)
,
Sp
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
SVM)
a
n
d
o
th
er
s
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
to
p
o
lo
g
y
a
s
i
n
[
9
]
h
as
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
l
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
7
lev
els
M
L
I
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
4
s
o
u
r
ce
s
d
c
s
u
p
p
l
y
a
n
d
o
n
l
y
6
s
w
itc
h
es.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
as
t
h
is
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
d
o
es
n
o
t
u
tili
ze
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
H
-
B
r
id
g
e,
s
w
itc
h
in
g
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ar
e
s
till
co
m
p
licated
.
A
d
d
iti
o
n
all
y
,
t
h
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
s
e
s
m
o
r
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
DC
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ca
u
s
in
g
in
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
co
s
t.
T
h
e
lates
t
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
u
s
es
o
n
l
y
6
s
w
itc
h
es
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
7
lev
e
l
o
u
tp
u
t
[
10
]
.
T
h
is
to
p
o
lo
g
y
h
a
s
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
ll
y
r
ed
u
ce
d
t
h
e
co
s
t
u
p
to
5
0
%
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
to
p
o
lo
g
y
b
u
t
ef
f
icien
c
y
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
t
h
e
cir
cu
it c
o
n
s
i
s
t t
w
o
d
io
d
es.
Nev
er
th
e
less
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
w
ea
k
n
ess
e
s
in
t
h
e
ML
I
.
Am
o
n
g
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
o
b
v
io
u
s
is
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
it
ch
es
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
E
ac
h
s
w
itc
h
n
ee
d
s
a
g
ate
d
r
iv
er
cir
c
u
it,
th
u
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
a
n
d
s
ize
o
f
t
h
e
e
n
tire
cir
c
u
it.
R
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
a
l
o
t
o
f
g
ate
d
r
i
v
e
cir
c
u
it
lead
s
to
g
r
ea
t
ex
p
e
n
s
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
lic
atio
n
s
,
a
r
ed
u
ctio
n
i
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
itc
h
es
u
s
ed
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
n
e
w
to
p
o
lo
g
y
o
f
a
ca
s
ca
d
ed
m
u
l
tilev
e
l
in
v
er
ter
th
at
h
as
f
e
w
er
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
es
a
n
d
g
ate
d
r
iv
er
cir
cu
its
w
i
th
h
i
g
h
er
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tep
s
i
n
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
s
i
x
s
w
i
tch
e
s
an
d
o
n
e
d
io
d
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
h
a
s
lo
w
er
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
lo
s
s
es
w
h
ic
h
co
n
s
eq
u
en
t
l
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
’
s
e
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
.
2.
CO
NVEN
T
I
O
NA
L
CA
SCA
DE
D
M
UL
T
I
L
E
VE
L
I
NV
E
RT
E
R
T
O
P
O
L
O
G
Y
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
cir
cu
i
t
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
a
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
ca
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
m
u
ltil
e
v
e
l
in
v
er
ter
.
T
y
p
icall
y
t
h
i
s
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
ca
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
B
r
id
g
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
3
s
er
ies
b
r
id
g
e
-
cir
cu
it
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
ea
ch
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
cir
c
u
it
h
a
s
t
h
eir
i
n
d
e
p
en
d
en
t
D
C
s
o
u
r
ce
a
n
d
f
r
o
m
th
is
ar
r
an
g
e
m
e
n
t
it
w
i
ll
g
e
n
er
ates
t
h
r
ee
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
o
ltag
e
le
v
els,
i.e
.
,
+V
DC
v
o
l
tag
e,
0
an
d
–
VDC
v
o
lta
g
e,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
i
s
cir
cu
it
s
t
r
u
ctu
r
e
r
eq
u
ir
es
1
2
s
w
itc
h
es
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
ev
en
le
v
els
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
[
11
]
.
Nev
er
th
ele
s
s
,
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
n
ee
d
to
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
in
te
n
s
iv
el
y
,
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
g
e
n
er
ated
clo
s
e
to
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al
w
av
e
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o
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m
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
o
u
tp
u
t
is
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
eq
u
atio
n
(
1
)
0
=
01
+
02
+
(
1
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
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v
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n
lev
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C
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C
a
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ca
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ML
I
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d
o
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tp
u
t
w
a
v
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f
o
r
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o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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PEDS
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2
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8
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694
S
ev
en
Leve
ls
S
ymm
e
tr
ic
H
-
b
r
i
d
g
e
Mu
ltil
ev
el
I
n
ve
r
ter w
ith
L
ess
N
u
mb
er o
f
....
(
Meg
a
t A
z
a
h
a
r
i Ch
u
la
n
)
111
As
s
tated
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
,
th
e
i
n
cr
e
m
en
t
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
le
v
el
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
e
m
i
co
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
es.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
e
s
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o
m
es
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p
le
x
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T
h
e
co
s
t
an
d
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er
ter
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ize
also
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il
l
b
e
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cr
ea
s
ed
.
Gen
er
all
y
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th
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
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d
ex
c
h
an
g
e
i
s
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
co
m
p
ar
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n
g
th
e
a
m
p
l
itu
d
e
o
f
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
al
(
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
al)
an
d
th
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
m
u
lti
-
ca
r
r
ier
–
tr
ian
g
le
s
i
g
n
al
[
12
]
.
T
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
d
e
x
,
Ma
as f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
,
=
(
2
)
w
h
er
e
,
th
e
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
r
ef
er
e
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ce
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g
n
a
ls
an
d
is
th
e
p
ea
k
to
p
ea
k
v
al
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t
h
e
ca
r
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ig
n
a
l.
I
n
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r
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d
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cin
g
o
f
s
e
v
e
n
le
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el
s
o
u
tp
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t
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o
lta
g
e,
s
ix
s
a
w
-
to
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th
ca
r
r
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s
ig
n
als
an
d
a
s
i
n
u
s
o
id
a
l
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
f
o
r
a
m
o
d
u
lato
r
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
a)
.
T
h
u
s
,
s
i
x
s
tates
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
an
d
th
e
s
tate
s
ar
e
d
iv
id
ed
o
f
t
w
o
s
ec
t
io
n
s
,
i.e
.
,
(
i)
p
o
s
itiv
e
s
ec
tio
n
,
a
n
d
(
ii)
n
e
g
ati
v
e
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
s
ec
tio
n
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
3
s
tates,
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,
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e
-
s
tate
-
1
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
w
h
e
n
th
e
m
o
d
u
lato
r
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
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it
h
i
n
th
e
lo
w
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t
ca
r
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ier
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h
ile
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e
+
v
e
-
s
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n
s
id
er
ed
w
h
e
n
it
is
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
m
id
d
le
ca
r
r
ier
.
Fin
all
y
,
th
e
+v
e
-
s
tate
-
3
is
w
h
en
it
is
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t
ca
r
r
ier
.
I
t
i
s
s
i
m
ilar
s
t
ates
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n
n
e
g
ati
v
e
s
ec
tio
n
.
I
n
ea
ch
s
tate,
ce
r
tai
n
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
p
at
ter
n
s
ar
e
ad
o
p
ted
to
co
v
er
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
is
2
5
0
0
Hz,
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
d
e
x
eq
u
al
s
to
1
an
d
A
P
OD
-
P
W
M
is
ap
p
lied
to
d
r
iv
e
all
t
h
e
1
2
s
w
itc
h
es.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
in
g
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
a
n
d
t
h
e
m
o
d
e
o
p
er
atio
n
f
o
r
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
to
p
o
lo
g
y
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
.
(
a)
Mu
ltis
tate
ca
r
r
ier
an
d
a
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ig
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3
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g
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3
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ate
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Fig
u
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3
.
C
o
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ate
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IJ
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Vo
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8
,
No
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1
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Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
1
0
9
–
116
112
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
to
p
o
lo
g
y
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
lev
el
s
i
s
2
n
+1
,
w
h
er
e
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
D
C
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Her
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
le
v
els
ar
e
at
+3
VD
C
,
+2
VDC,
+V
D
C
,
0
,
-
VD
C
,
-
2
VDC
a
n
d
-
3
VDC.
W
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
es
M1
,
M2
,
M5
,
M6
,
M9
an
d
M1
0
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
,
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
+3
VDC.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
w
h
en
t
h
e
s
w
itch
e
s
M3
,
M4
,
M7
,
M8
,
M1
1
an
d
M1
2
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
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th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
is
-
3
VD
C
.
Si
m
ilar
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
is
also
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o
n
e
f
o
r
o
th
er
v
o
ltag
e
lev
els.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
,
=
1
+
2
+
3
T
ab
le
1.
Fu
ll o
p
er
atio
n
f
o
r
s
ev
en
lev
el
s
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
M
L
I
to
p
o
lo
g
y
M
o
d
e
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M
1
0
M
1
1
M
1
2
V
o
ut
4
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
+
3
V
D
C
3
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
+
2
V
D
C
2
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
ON
ON
O
F
F
+
V
D
C
1
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
0
5
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
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VDC
6
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
ON
ON
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
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2
V
D
C
7
O
F
F
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F
F
ON
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
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ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
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-
3
V
D
C
3.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
CASC
AD
E
D
M
UL
T
I
L
E
V
E
L
I
NV
E
R
T
E
R
T
O
P
O
L
O
G
Y
Ob
v
io
u
s
l
y
,
t
h
e
m
ai
n
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
7
lev
els
s
in
g
le
p
h
a
s
e
m
u
l
tilev
e
l
i
n
v
er
ter
t
o
p
o
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g
y
i
s
th
e
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
es
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
7
lev
el
ca
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
B
r
id
g
e
m
u
ltil
e
v
el
i
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
to
p
o
lo
g
y
u
s
e
s
1
2
s
witch
es
an
d
t
h
r
ee
D
C
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
w
it
h
t
h
e
n
e
w
to
p
o
lo
g
y
,
ab
o
u
t
h
al
f
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
w
itc
h
es
co
s
t
c
a
n
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
F
ig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
t
h
at
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
s
i
x
s
w
itc
h
e
s
an
d
th
r
ee
DC
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
S
w
itc
h
es
M1
,
M2
,
M3
an
d
M4
in
th
e
f
u
ll
b
r
id
g
e
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
o
p
er
atio
n
w
h
er
ea
s
s
w
itc
h
es
M5
an
d
M6
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
in
o
r
d
er
to
o
b
tain
th
e
d
esire
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
lev
el
i
n
u
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
d
etails
d
escr
ip
tio
n
,
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
s
w
itc
h
in
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
w
ill b
e
ex
p
lai
n
e
d
in
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
ec
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
o
f
a
7
lev
els
s
in
g
le
p
h
a
s
e
M
L
I
3
.
1
.
Sw
it
ching
Sche
m
e
a
nd
M
o
de
o
f
O
pera
t
i
o
n
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
,
o
n
l
y
th
r
ee
s
a
w
-
to
o
th
ca
r
r
ier
s
ig
n
als
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d
a
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
ig
n
al
f
o
r
m
o
d
u
lato
r
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
ev
en
lev
el
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
A
P
OD
-
P
W
M
s
w
itch
in
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
ad
o
p
ted
an
d
s
i
m
p
li
f
ied
.
R
ed
u
c
tio
n
i
n
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
itc
h
e
s
o
p
er
ated
w
ill
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
to
tal
p
o
w
er
d
is
s
ip
ated
i
n
co
n
v
er
ter
.
W
ith
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lt
a
g
e
lev
els
ar
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
o
n
l
y
at
p
o
s
itiv
e
p
o
lar
it
y
p
ar
t.
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
lev
e
ls
g
e
n
e
r
atio
n
p
ar
t
f
o
r
o
n
e
co
m
p
lete
c
y
cle.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
A
P
OD
-
P
W
M
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
is
u
s
ed
to
d
r
iv
e
th
e
h
i
g
h
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
w
i
tch
e
s
M6
an
d
M5
at
th
e
g
e
n
er
ated
lev
els
f
o
r
o
n
e
co
m
p
l
ete
c
y
c
le
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
t
h
e
lo
w
-
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
i
g
n
als
u
s
ed
to
d
r
iv
e
s
w
itc
h
es
M1
,
M2
,
M3
an
d
M4
in
th
e
H
-
B
r
id
g
e
w
it
h
a
f
r
eq
u
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115
5.
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R
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ch
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i M
ala
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s
ia
(
UT
M)
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
J.
Ro
d
rig
u
e
z
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rters
:
a
su
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e
y
o
f
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g
ies
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o
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o
ls,
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n
d
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p
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li
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ti
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n
s,
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In
d
u
stri
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l
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e
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tro
n
ics
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
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o
n
,
v
o
l.
4
9
,
p
p
.
7
2
4
-
7
3
8
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
]
T
.
H.
M
.
Ba
b
a
e
i
E
.
a
n
d
Ho
ss
e
i
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S
.
H
.
,
“
A
n
o
v
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c
tu
re
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m
u
lt
il
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l
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o
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rters
,
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c
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in
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h
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h
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trica
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ma
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h
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sy
ste
ms
Ch
i
n
a
,
v
o
l.
II,
p
p
.
1
2
7
8
–
8
3
,
2
0
0
5
.
[3
]
A
.
T
.
El
-
Na
g
g
a
r
K
.
,
“
S
e
lec
ti
v
e
h
a
r
m
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ic
e
li
m
in
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ti
o
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o
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w
f
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m
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m
u
lt
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l
in
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sin
g
g
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n
e
ti
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a
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o
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h
m
s,
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El
se
v
ier
J
En
e
rg
y
C
o
n
v
e
rs
M
a
n
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g
e
,
v
o
l.
49
,
p
p
.
89
–
9
5
,
2
0
0
8
.
[4
]
K.
S
.
S
.
a
.
M
.
V
.
P
ra
sa
d
,
“
A
n
a
l
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s
is
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
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o
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w
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e
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L
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v
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l
In
v
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o
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g
y
,
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In
ter
n
a
ti
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l
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
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S
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ien
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c
a
n
d
Res
e
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rc
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P
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l
.
2,
2
0
1
2
.
[5
]
N.
G
.
T
.
V
.
V
.
S
.
L
a
k
sh
m
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
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sc
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d
e
d
se
v
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n
lev
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in
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rt
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r
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u
mb
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switc
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if
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n
iq
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n
tern
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l
C
o
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P
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r,
En
e
rg
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’
1
3
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p
p
.
6
7
6
–
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8
0
,
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
D.
G
.
Ho
lme
s
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n
d
B.
P
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M
c
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ra
t
h
,
“
Op
p
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it
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f
o
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p
.
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0
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.
[7
]
S
.
M
e
k
h
il
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f
a
n
d
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.
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A
.
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a
d
ir,
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to
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tag
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y
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rid
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sc
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u
lt
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In
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rter,
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d
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stri
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l
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lec
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ics
,
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EE
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sa
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ti
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,
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8
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p
.
1
3
3
9
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1
3
4
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1
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[8
]
S
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k
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f
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,
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M
o
d
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T
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if
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y
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tri
c
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D
ig
it
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l
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d
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r
a
n
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c
ti
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o
n
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l.
5
4
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p
p
.
4
2
7
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4
3
2
,
2
0
0
7
.
[9
]
S
.
M
.
R.
A
.
A
h
m
e
d
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n
d
H.
W
.
P
i
n
g
,
“
Ne
w
mu
lt
il
e
v
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in
v
e
rte
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t
o
p
o
lo
g
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h
min
im
u
m
n
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mb
e
r
o
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switch
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s
,
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i
n
P
r
o
c
e
e
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g
s
o
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e
1
4
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
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l
M
id
d
le
Eas
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o
w
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r
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ste
m
s
Co
n
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re
n
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e
(M
E
P
CON
’1
0
),
Ca
iro
Un
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rsit
y
,
Ca
iro
,
Eg
y
p
t,
pp.
1
8
6
2
–
1
8
6
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
0
]
M
.
A
.
Ch
u
lan
a
n
d
A
.
H.
M
.
Ya
ti
m
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
im
p
lem
e
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ta
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a
n
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w
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in
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r
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rg
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)
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2
0
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tern
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n
,
p
p
.
3
4
8
-
353
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2
0
1
4
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[1
1
]
J.
J.
Ne
d
u
m
g
a
tt
,
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t
a
l.
,
“
A
mu
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in
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h
re
d
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c
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mb
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f
switch
e
s
,”
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l,
El
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c
tro
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a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter S
c
ien
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e
(S
CEE
CS
),
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0
1
2
IE
EE
S
tu
d
e
n
ts'
Co
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n
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e
o
n
,
p
p
.
1
-
4
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
2
]
V
.
G
.
A
g
e
li
d
is
a
n
d
M
.
Ca
lais,
“
Ap
p
l
ica
ti
o
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if
ic
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a
rm
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ier
PW
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iq
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s,
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n
P
o
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r
El
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c
tro
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ics
S
p
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c
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Co
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f
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,
1
9
9
8
.
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C
9
8
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rd
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2
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h
A
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n
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a
l
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EE
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,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
172
-
1
7
8
,
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9
9
8
.
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.
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