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n
th
e
P
W
f
lu
x
w
as
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
f
o
r
th
e
B
DFM
[
4
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
s
i
m
p
l
if
ied
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
r
ien
ted
w
it
h
th
e
P
W
s
tato
r
f
lu
x
w
it
h
a
co
m
p
lete
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
d
er
i
v
atio
n
f
r
a
m
e
h
as
b
ee
n
ex
h
ib
it
ed
.
w
it
h
s
o
m
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
r
esu
lt
s
p
r
esen
ted
o
n
bot
h
s
p
ee
d
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
r
eg
u
lati
n
g
[
5
]
.
C
las
s
ical
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
ie
s
f
o
r
g
r
id
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
GS
C
)
s
y
s
te
m
s
r
e
g
u
late
b
o
th
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
fl
o
w
b
y
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
v
ec
to
r
o
r
ien
t
atio
n
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
.
T
h
is
te
ch
n
iq
u
e
i
s
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
v
o
l
tag
e
o
r
ien
ted
c
o
n
tr
o
l
(
VOC)
[
5
],
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
VOC
tech
n
iq
u
e
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
e
s
t
h
e
AC
lin
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
i
n
to
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
q
u
ad
r
atu
r
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
P
ar
k
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
is
m
a
k
es
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
s
b
y
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
d
ec
o
u
p
led
AC
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
u
s
i
n
g
c
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
[
7
].
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
er
e
ar
e
a
n
e
w
s
tr
a
teg
ies
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
g
r
id
-
tied
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s
y
s
te
m
s
i
n
th
i
s
t
y
p
e
o
f
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
w
h
ic
h
i
n
clu
d
e
a
s
t
h
e
Dir
ec
t
P
o
w
er
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
DP
C
)
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
q
u
ali
ties
o
f
t
h
e
DP
C
i
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
d
ir
ec
tly
t
h
e
in
s
ta
n
tan
e
o
u
s
ac
tiv
e
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
s
in
s
tead
o
f
in
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
AC
lin
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
.
T
h
e
DP
C
is
m
ai
n
l
y
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
Dir
ec
t
T
o
r
q
u
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l
(
DT
C
)
f
o
r
elec
tr
ical
m
a
ch
in
e
s
[
8
]
.
I
n
ef
f
ec
t
t
h
e
DT
C
g
u
id
es
t
h
e
s
tato
r
flu
x
an
d
co
n
tr
o
ls
t
h
e
to
r
q
u
e
o
f
AC
m
ac
h
i
n
es
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
a
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
tab
le
.
Si
m
i
lar
l
y
,
th
e
DP
C
r
e
g
u
lates
in
s
ta
n
ta
n
eo
u
s
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
ct
iv
e
p
o
w
er
s
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
n
o
p
ti
m
al
s
w
i
tch
i
n
g
tab
le.
T
h
is
tab
le
d
eter
m
in
e
s
t
h
e
VSI
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
s
tate
s
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y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
er
r
o
r
s
o
f
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
is
d
ed
icate
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to
th
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s
tu
d
y
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
th
e
w
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n
d
p
o
w
er
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y
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te
m
b
ased
o
n
a
B
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G
th
e
u
s
e
o
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in
d
ir
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t
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n
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o
l
p
o
w
er
o
f
m
ac
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e
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id
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v
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ter
(
MS
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)
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
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d
(
DP
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o
n
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o
l
o
f
(
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n
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ter
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n
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t
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a
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u
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1
s
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atic
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DFI
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ased
w
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p
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s
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te
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8
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(
A
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a
h
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b
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419
2.
WE
CS
M
O
DE
L
L
I
N
G
2
.
1
.
Aer
o
dy
na
m
ic
M
o
del
T
h
e
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
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i
s
a
d
ev
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at
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n
v
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to
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W
i
n
d
p
o
w
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is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as f
o
llo
w
s
[
9
]
:
23
1
2
v
P
R
v
(
2
)
T
h
e
ae
r
o
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
o
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er
(
P
a
)
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p
tu
r
ed
b
y
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
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s
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e
n
b
y
:
23
1
,
2
ap
P
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C
v
(
3
)
T
h
e
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
i
s
c
h
ar
ac
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ized
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y
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r
v
e
C
p
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(
λ
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[
1
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[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
tip
s
p
ee
d
r
atio
(
λ
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is
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x
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y
t
h
e
f
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in
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x
p
r
ess
io
n
:
tur
R
v
(
4
)
C
p
: p
o
w
er
co
ef
f
icie
n
t;
ρ
:
d
en
s
it
y
o
f
air
(
1
.
2
5
Kg
/
m
3
)
;
v
:
w
i
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d
s
p
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d
;
t
ur
W
:
w
i
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d
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r
b
i
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s
p
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d
;
R
: tu
r
b
in
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ay
o
n
.
T
h
e
p
o
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er
co
e
f
f
icie
n
t
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p
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f
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w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e,
it
is
d
eter
m
i
n
e
b
y
[
1
0
]
:
5
/
1
2
3
4
6
(
,
)
(
/
)
i
c
ii
C
p
c
c
c
c
e
c
l
l
b
l
b
l
-
=
+
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+
(
5
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3
1
1
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0
3
5
0
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0
8
1
i
l
l
b
b
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+
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W
ith
,
1
0
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5
1
c
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2
116
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4
5
c
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5
21
c
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d
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0.0068
c
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.
Fig
u
r
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2
s
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o
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n
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t
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e
m
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m
u
m
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ch
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r
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l
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8
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d
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.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
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20
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5
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Fig
u
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2
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r
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o
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f
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n
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420
Fro
m
th
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s
p
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er
t
h
e
w
in
d
to
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q
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y
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.
1
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2
a
a
tur
tur
P
Sv
C
C
p
r
==
WW
(
7
)
T
h
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
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eq
u
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n
is
:
.
m
e
c
m
e
c
d
JC
dt
W
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(
8
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2
t
u
r
g
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JJ
G
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(
9
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W
ith
:
m
e
c
C
: T
o
tal
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
to
r
q
u
e
ap
p
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to
th
e
r
o
to
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;
J
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e
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h
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.
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h
e
m
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h
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n
ical
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q
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e
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g
e
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2
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m
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del
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h
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m
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d
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1
4
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6
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[
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
694
IJ
PEDS
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8
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