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IJ
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32
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s
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
o
f
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
ed
u
ce
o
r
eli
m
i
n
ate
t
h
e
ad
v
er
s
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
t
h
e
cr
e
w
t
o
tak
e
o
f
f
t
h
e
n
et,
th
e
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
o
n
g
r
id
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
d
ev
elo
p
ed
co
u
n
tr
ies
r
ea
ch
ed
a
co
n
s
en
s
u
s
:
r
eq
u
ir
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
es
i
n
a
c
er
tain
r
an
g
e
a
n
d
ce
r
tain
d
u
r
atio
n
s
h
all
n
o
t
to
ta
k
e
o
f
f
t
h
e
n
et
u
n
d
er
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
f
ail
u
r
e,
n
a
m
el
y
th
e
L
VR
T
ab
ilit
y
,
w
h
e
n
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
,
also
n
ee
d
to
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
f
au
lt
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
co
o
r
d
in
ated
co
n
tr
o
l,
ass
is
t
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
.
Gr
id
at
p
r
esen
t,
m
an
y
d
ev
elo
p
ed
co
u
n
tr
ie
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
eir
o
w
n
s
it
u
atio
n
,
h
as
lo
w
v
o
ltag
e
af
ter
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
h
as
a
s
tr
ict
tec
h
n
ical
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
,
an
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
ac
tu
al
o
p
er
atio
n
s
it
u
atio
n
o
f
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t.
So
t
h
e
L
V
R
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
la
r
g
e
-
s
ca
le
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
b
o
ttlen
ec
k
.
T
h
e
r
elev
an
t
d
o
m
es
tic
a
n
d
f
o
r
eig
n
s
c
h
o
lar
s
h
a
v
e
d
o
n
e
r
elev
an
t
r
esear
c
h
i
n
th
i
s
f
ield
,
i
n
v
i
e
w
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
f
au
lt
u
n
d
er
th
e
au
to
m
atic
o
p
er
atio
n
m
o
d
e
o
f
th
e
d
o
u
b
l
y
-
f
ed
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
,
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
m
ai
n
s
tr
ea
m
r
esear
ch
d
ir
ec
tio
n
is
m
ai
n
l
y
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
t
w
o
ca
t
eg
o
r
ies:
1
)
B
y
ad
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
tr
an
s
ien
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
to
o
p
tim
ize
co
n
v
er
ter
ex
citat
io
n
co
n
tr
o
l; 2
)
C
r
o
w
b
ar
d
ev
ice
o
f
d
o
u
b
le
P
W
M
co
n
v
er
ter
is
ad
o
p
ted
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
o
v
er
cu
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
tectio
n
.
I
n
co
n
v
er
ter
co
n
tr
o
l
asp
ec
ts
:
W
an
g
a
n
d
J
ian
g
t
h
e
m
aster
-
s
l
av
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
id
e
c
o
n
v
er
ter
as
th
e
m
ai
n
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
,
as
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
,
is
d
ec
id
ed
b
y
th
e
m
ai
n
s
y
s
te
m
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
a
g
i
v
e
n
s
y
s
te
m
,
to
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
b
ala
n
ce
o
f
p
o
w
er
[
1
]
.
Sh
i
-
j
ie
et.
a
l.
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
m
all
s
i
g
n
al
m
o
d
el
a
n
al
y
s
is
m
e
t
h
o
d
,
th
is
p
ap
er
p
u
t
s
f
o
r
w
ar
d
a
o
p
ti
m
ized
f
ee
d
-
f
o
r
w
ar
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
,
in
h
ib
it
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
lo
ad
an
d
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
ch
an
g
e
b
u
s
v
o
lta
g
e
f
l
u
ct
u
atio
n
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ab
il
it
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
[
2
]
,
b
u
t
th
er
e
ca
n
'
t
s
u
p
p
r
ess
t
h
e
m
u
tatio
n
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
b
u
s
b
ar
v
o
lta
g
e
f
l
u
ct
u
atio
n
s
h
o
r
tco
m
i
n
g
;
Ch
i
et.
a
l.
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
tato
r
m
a
g
n
etizi
n
g
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
g
en
er
ato
r
tr
an
s
ie
n
t
m
o
d
el
a
n
d
th
e
estab
li
s
h
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
r
elev
a
n
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
,
r
ea
lizes
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
tr
an
s
ien
t
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
a
n
d
b
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
r
o
to
r
v
o
ltag
e
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
te
r
m
in
th
e
eq
u
at
io
n
,
f
i
n
is
h
ed
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
q
u
a
n
tit
y
in
th
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
,
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
v
o
lta
g
e
f
l
u
ct
u
atio
n
[
3
]
.
I
n
liter
atu
r
e
[
4
-
12]
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
tr
o
l,
ar
tif
icial
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
h
as
an
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
g
a
n
y
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
m
o
d
el
o
f
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
m
ap
p
in
g
ab
ilit
y
,
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
a
n
d
th
e
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
ca
n
b
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
d
esi
g
n
,
ca
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
ec
is
i
o
n
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
,
e
n
h
an
ce
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
's
ab
ilit
y
to
ad
ap
t
to
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
th
er
ef
o
r
e
also
h
as
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
i
n
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
r
esear
ch
.
Neu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
t
r
o
l
ca
n
also
b
e
co
m
b
i
n
ed
w
it
h
f
u
zz
y
co
n
tr
o
l,
d
esig
n
ed
a
f
u
zz
y
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e.
B
u
t
co
m
p
licated
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
d
es
ig
n
,
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
p
o
s
itiv
e
d
e
f
i
n
ite
is
d
if
f
ic
u
lt,
d
i
f
f
ic
u
lt
to
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
ap
p
licatio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
t
o
th
e
ab
o
v
e
s
aid
i
n
telli
g
e
n
t
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
,
an
d
th
e
s
l
id
in
g
m
o
d
e
v
ar
iab
le
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
H
∞
co
n
tr
o
l,
a
n
e
w
t
y
p
e
o
f
i
n
telli
g
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
i
n
th
e
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
tr
o
l
al
s
o
h
as
a
ce
r
tain
ap
p
licatio
n
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
,
w
ith
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
n
e
w
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
an
d
p
eo
p
le'
s
e
m
p
h
asi
s
o
n
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
,
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
co
n
tr
o
l te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
w
il
l g
et
a
b
ig
g
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
I
n
th
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
p
r
o
tectio
n
tech
n
ica
l
asp
ec
ts
:
liter
at
u
r
e
[
1
3
-
14]
f
r
o
m
th
e
v
ie
w
p
o
in
t
o
f
ti
m
e
d
o
m
ai
n
,
th
e
d
etailed
an
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
id
e
af
ter
ad
d
in
g
C
r
o
w
b
ar
p
r
o
tectio
n
cir
cu
it
o
f
DFI
G,
d
y
n
a
m
ic
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t,
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
.
L
iter
at
u
r
e
[
1
5
-
25]
DFI
G
w
as
d
ed
u
ce
d
in
p
ar
all
el
o
p
er
atio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
s
u
e
d
af
ter
li
f
e
e
n
d
s
y
m
m
etr
ica
l
s
h
o
r
t
cir
c
u
it,
t
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
s
tatic
co
o
r
d
in
ate
s
y
s
te
m
,
a
n
d
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
i
n
itial
s
et
tin
g
i
s
d
er
iv
ed
b
y
th
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
p
r
o
tectio
n
cir
cu
it
o
f
r
esis
ta
n
ce
,
b
u
t
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lex
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
,
b
et
w
ee
n
v
ar
io
u
s
p
h
y
s
ical
q
u
a
n
tit
ies
d
id
n
o
t
g
i
v
e
a
clea
r
an
d
p
r
ec
is
e
m
ea
n
i
n
g
.
L
iter
at
u
r
e
[
2
6
-
34]
f
r
o
m
th
e
an
g
le
o
f
f
lu
x
lin
k
a
g
e
g
i
v
es
t
h
e
D
FIG
i
s
d
er
i
v
ed
o
n
th
e
p
ar
allel
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
ted
v
italit
y
e
n
d
af
ter
th
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
i
t
f
au
lt
o
f
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
,
a
n
d
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
s
i
ze
o
f
th
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
r
esis
ta
n
ce
an
d
lo
w
in
v
est
m
e
n
t,
ex
it ti
m
e
o
f
DFI
G
v
o
ltag
e
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
i
n
f
l
u
en
ce
o
f
d
y
n
a
m
ic
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
d
ed
u
ce
d
th
e
tr
an
s
i
en
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
ti
m
e
-
d
o
m
ai
n
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
s
o
f
v
o
ltag
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IJ
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2089
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33
2.
A
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CAL M
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1/
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(
1
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e
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r
t
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s
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en
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w
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at
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e.
3.
CRO
WB
AR
CIRC
UI
T
RE
S
I
ST
ANC
E
SE
L
E
CT
I
O
N
AN
D
E
XAM
P
L
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ANA
L
YS
I
S
B
y
t
h
e
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to
r
s
id
e
m
o
u
n
ted
to
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e
C
r
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w
b
ar
p
r
o
tectio
n
cir
cu
i
t
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
v
o
lta
g
e
d
r
o
p
f
ailu
r
e
ca
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
r
o
to
r
r
esis
tan
ce
,
ca
n
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
r
estra
in
t
h
e
ac
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
p
ar
t
o
f
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
f
a
u
lt
cu
r
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en
t,
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
DFI
G
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
n
o
t
to
o
k
o
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f
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
u
n
d
er
lo
w
v
o
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g
e
f
ail
u
r
e.
B
u
t
d
u
e
to
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
C
r
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w
b
ar
cir
cu
it
p
r
o
tectio
n
r
e
s
is
ta
n
ce
m
a
y
ca
u
s
e
t
h
e
in
v
er
t
er
DC
b
u
s
v
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ltag
e
o
n
t
h
e
p
u
m
p
,
s
o
y
o
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n
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d
to
p
r
o
p
er
ly
ch
o
o
s
e
t
h
e
r
esi
s
tan
ce
v
al
u
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
is
n
ec
ess
a
r
y
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
d
r
o
p
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e
r
o
to
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s
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o
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d
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m
ai
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t e
x
p
r
es
s
io
n
.
3
.
1
.
Va
lue C
ho
ice
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
tato
r
v
o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
en
t
eq
u
atio
n
(
9
)
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
y
p
e
(
1
0
)
to
th
e
r
o
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r
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
f
au
lt c
u
r
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en
t ti
m
e
-
d
o
m
a
in
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
as
(
9
)
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
RA
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4856
C
r
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b
a
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esi
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ta
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S
ettin
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DF
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B
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…
(
S
h
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Li
)
35
'
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(
1
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/
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2
2
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m2
1
[
]
[
]
.
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ss
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a
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ax
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lt
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d
th
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r
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w
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esis
ta
n
ce
s
etti
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
a.
Af
ter
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
C
r
o
w
b
ar
p
r
o
tectio
n
cir
c
u
it,
t
h
e
r
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to
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s
id
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o
f
th
e
f
a
u
lt
c
u
r
r
en
t
m
ax
i
m
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m
v
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lu
e
I
m
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
less
th
a
n
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t,
u
s
u
all
y
I
m
tak
e
ab
o
u
t 2
p
.
u
.
,
an
d
s
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ar
e
(
1
0
)
:
m
'
2
2
1
.
()
s
s
c
r
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w
U
I
Lr
(
1
0
)
B
y
t
h
e
t
y
p
e
(
1
0
)
,
th
e
C
r
o
w
b
a
r
r
esis
tan
ce
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
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s
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t o
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v
io
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s
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b.
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er
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o
id
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ter
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t
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v
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ld
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atis
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y
(
1
1
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2
2
1
3
.
()
c
r
o
w
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dc
s
c
r
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w
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Lr
(
1
1
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p
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(
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0
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d
(
1
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n
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m
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m
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(
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2
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a
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22
(
)
(
)
.
r
3
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c
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s
m
d
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s
c
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c
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rL
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UU
(
1
2
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y
p
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(
1
2
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s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
at
t
h
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g
u
ar
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tee
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et
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th
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t
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p
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ter
,
i
f
w
it
h
i
n
s
co
p
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o
f
th
e
C
r
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w
b
ar
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esis
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ce
s
etti
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g
a
n
d
p
r
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ts
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i
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d
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s
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i
t
b
ef
o
r
e
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a
u
lt
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m
o
v
al,
D
FIG
L
VR
T
ef
f
ec
t
w
ill b
e
b
etter
.
3
.
2
.
T
he
E
x
a
m
ple A
na
ly
s
is
Fo
r
2
MW
DFI
G,
in
o
r
d
er
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
v
al
u
e
o
f
C
r
o
w
b
ar
r
esi
s
ta
n
ce
,
i
n
t
h
e
t
y
p
e
(
1
2
)
in
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
r
cro
w
,
ca
n
h
a
v
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
c
u
it
cu
r
r
en
t
I
r
max
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
U
r
m
ax
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
e
r
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
ca
lcu
lat
io
n
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
tab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
C
alcu
latio
n
R
es
u
lts
o
f
I
r
max
,
U
r
max
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t Cro
w
b
ar
v
al
u
es
r
c
r
o
w
m
a
x
r
I
m
a
x
r
U
0
.
0
1
8
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8
6
0
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0
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1
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0
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9
2
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1
6
1
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5
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8
9
0
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3
4
5
0
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7
6
.
1
5
0
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4
9
0
0
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0
9
5
.
9
8
0
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5
3
5
0
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1
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5
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7
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5
7
7
I
t
c
an
b
e
s
ee
n
f
r
o
m
T
ab
le
1
:
w
i
th
t
h
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
C
r
o
wb
ar
r
esis
tan
ce
,
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
r
o
t
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
es,
b
u
t
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
r
o
to
r
s
id
e.
Usu
al
l
y
,
i
n
w
it
h
i
n
a
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
s
co
p
e,
C
r
o
w
b
ar
r
esis
ta
n
ce
,
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
e
tilt
i
n
g
to
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
u
p
p
r
es
s
io
n
e
f
f
ec
t
is
m
o
r
e
o
b
v
io
u
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
it
ca
n
b
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4856
IJ
RA
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
1
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Ma
r
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2
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1
7
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–
3
8
36
s
ee
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th
at
w
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r
cr
o
w
=0
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U
rmax
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rlim
,
n
o
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e
s
tab
lis
h
e
d
,
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o
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ld
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4.
T
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S
I
M
UL
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AN
D
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XP
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NT
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ANA
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SI
S
T
o
test
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d
v
er
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f
y
th
e
lo
w
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e
o
f
d
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u
b
l
y
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f
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w
in
d
p
o
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er
g
e
n
er
ato
r
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
an
d
t
h
e
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
v
al
u
e
o
f
C
r
o
w
b
ar
r
esis
ta
n
ce
.
T
h
e
M
A
T
L
A
B
/Si
m
u
li
n
k
s
i
m
u
latio
n
a
n
d
th
e
lo
w
p
o
w
er
test
s
y
s
te
m
is
b
u
ilt in
t
h
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
.
4
.
1
.
T
he
Si
m
ula
t
io
n Ana
ly
s
i
s
T
h
is
p
ap
er
s
elec
t a
s
0
.
0
6
,
0
.
0
6
,
af
ter
t
h
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
i
n
to
t
h
e
r
o
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o
r
s
id
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
t
h
e
s
tato
r
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
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d
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
ch
in
e
ar
e
s
i
m
u
la
ted
,
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lts
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e
s
h
o
w
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f
i
g
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r
e
1
.
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a
n
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s
ee
n
f
r
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m
t
h
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d
iag
r
a
m
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Fail
u
r
e
af
te
r
=0
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0
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,
th
e
b
ig
g
e
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t r
o
to
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s
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r
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s
4
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8
2
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w
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n
=0
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0
8
8
,
th
e
r
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to
r
s
id
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en
t
is
ab
o
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t
3
.
8
0
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an
d
th
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ailu
r
e
af
ter
r
e
m
o
v
al
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h
e
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o
to
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cu
r
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en
t
ca
n
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e
f
aster
to
s
tab
ilize.
T
h
e
w
i
n
d
g
e
n
er
ato
r
at
lo
w
v
o
lta
g
e
f
ail
u
r
e
af
ter
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esectio
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f
r
o
m
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h
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id
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th
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m
a
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i
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ctiv
e
p
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er
w
er
e
1
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4
an
d
1
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4
4
r
esp
ec
tiv
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C
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
n
u
m
er
ical
ex
a
m
p
le
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
a
n
al
y
s
is
,
it
i
s
s
u
g
g
ested
th
at
in
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
e
n
g
i
n
ee
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i
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th
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
r
esi
s
tan
ce
ca
n
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
r
estrict
th
e
r
o
to
r
o
v
er
cu
r
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en
t,
o
n
th
e
b
asis
o
f
it
s
C
r
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w
b
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b
ig
r
esi
s
t
an
ce
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ap
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r
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p
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iate.
Fig
u
r
e
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d
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if
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eter
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37
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10
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r
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to
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r
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en
t,
s
tato
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ea
ctiv
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p
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er
a
n
d
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tal
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lt
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o
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in
tab
le
3
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Un
d
er
D
if
f
er
en
t
C
r
o
w
b
ar
V
alu
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s
,
th
e
E
x
p
er
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m
e
n
ta
l Res
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lts
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f
m
a
x
r
I
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a
x
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r
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4
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C
o
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ast
tab
le
1
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tab
le
3
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
,
t
h
e
c
h
an
g
e
tr
en
d
o
f
ea
ch
p
ar
a
m
eter
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t Cro
w
b
ar
r
esis
ta
n
ce
,
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lts
w
i
th
t
h
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
b
asicall
y
id
en
tical.
T
h
u
s
v
er
i
f
ied
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
v
alu
e
r
a
n
g
e,
t
h
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
r
esis
ta
n
ce
C
r
o
w
b
ar
,
th
e
in
h
ib
itio
n
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
tilt
i
n
g
to
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
is
,
th
e
m
o
r
e
o
b
v
io
u
s
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
1)
Fro
m
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
o
f
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
L
ap
lace
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
o
f
DFI
G
w
in
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
s
te
m
is
an
al
y
ze
d
u
n
d
er
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
te
r
m
in
a
l v
o
lta
g
e
d
r
o
p
o
f
tr
an
s
ie
n
t c
h
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
;
2
)
B
y
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
s
id
e
m
o
u
n
ted
to
th
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
p
r
o
tectio
n
cir
cu
it
i
n
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
v
o
lta
g
e
d
r
o
p
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
r
o
to
r
r
esis
tan
ce
,
ca
n
ef
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
r
estra
in
t
h
e
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
f
au
l
t c
u
r
r
en
t
;
3
)
W
ith
in
th
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
v
al
u
e,
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
o
f
th
e
C
r
o
w
b
ar
r
esis
ta
n
ce
,
t
h
e
in
h
ib
itio
n
ef
f
ec
t o
f
tilt
i
n
g
to
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t is
m
o
r
e
o
b
v
io
u
s
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
a
n
d
p
r
ac
ticab
ilit
y
o
f
D
FIG
d
eter
m
in
e
s
it
s
in
e
v
itab
le
p
o
p
u
lar
atte
n
tio
n
,
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
win
d
p
o
w
er
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
m
an
u
f
a
ctu
r
er
s
in
t
h
e
w
o
r
ld
in
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
,
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
h
as
d
o
m
i
n
ated
in
th
e
m
ar
k
et.
A
s
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
g
r
id
ca
p
ac
ity
co
n
t
i
n
u
e
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e,
in
v
ie
w
o
f
th
e
w
in
d
p
o
w
er
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
L
V
R
T
th
e
tech
n
ical
r
esear
ch
,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
in
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
f
ail
u
r
e
u
n
d
er
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
au
to
m
atic
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
s
tu
d
y
,
h
a
v
e
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t t
h
eo
r
y
m
ea
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tical
v
alu
e.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
W
a
n
g
F
e
n
g
,
J
ian
g
J
i
a
n
-
g
u
o
,
“
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
w
it
h
a
d
u
a
l
P
W
M
Co
n
v
e
rter
Co
n
tro
l
S
trate
g
y
o
f
th
e
P
o
w
e
r
B
a
lan
c
e
o
f
Jo
in
t
Re
se
a
rc
h
”,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
se
e
,
2
0
0
6
,
2
6
(
2
2
)
:
1
3
4
-
1
3
9
.
[2
]
L
i
S
h
i
-
ji
e
,
L
i
Ya
o
-
hua
,
ra
y
,
“
Ba
c
k
-
to
-
b
a
c
k
Co
n
v
e
rter
S
y
ste
m
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
in
th
e
F
e
e
d
f
o
rw
a
rd
Co
n
tr
o
l
S
trate
g
y
Re
se
a
rc
h
”,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
th
e
c
se
e
,
2
0
0
6
,
2
6
(2
2
)
:
7
4
-
79.
[3
]
Ch
i
Yo
n
g
-
n
in
g
,
W
a
n
g
W
e
i
-
sh
e
n
g
,
Da
i
Hu
i
-
z
h
u
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
G
rid
W
in
d
F
a
rm
s
Ba
se
d
on
Do
u
b
ly
-
F
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
T
ra
n
sie
n
t
Vo
lt
a
g
e
S
tab
il
it
y
S
tu
d
y
[
J]
”,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
t
h
e
c
se
e
,
2
0
0
7
,
2
5
(2
7
)
:
2
5
to
3
1
.
[4
]
F
.
Na
g
a
ta,
K.
Ku
ri
b
a
y
a
sh
i,
K.
Ki
g
u
c
h
i,
K.
W
a
tan
a
b
e
,
“
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
F
in
e
G
a
in
T
u
n
i
n
g
u
si
n
g
G
e
n
e
ti
c
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
s
f
o
r
M
o
d
e
l
-
Ba
se
d
R
o
b
o
ti
c
S
e
r
v
o
Co
n
tro
ll
e
rs
”,
In
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
n
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
a
l
I
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
in
Ro
b
o
ti
c
s
a
n
d
A
u
to
ma
ti
o
n
,
I
EE
E,
Ja
c
k
so
n
v
il
le,
USA
,
p
p
.
1
9
6
–
2
0
1
,
2
0
0
7
.
[5
]
Y.
Y.
W
u
,
Y.
Q.
W
u
,
“
S
tab
il
it
y
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
f
o
r
Re
c
u
rre
n
t
Ne
u
ra
l
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
w
it
h
ti
m
e
-
v
a
r
y
in
g
De
la
y
”,
In
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
u
to
ma
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
2
3
–
2
2
7
,
2
0
0
9
.
[6
]
E.
P
a
p
a
d
o
p
o
u
lo
s
&
I.
P
o
u
lak
a
k
is,
“
P
lan
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
Ob
sta
c
le
A
v
o
id
a
n
c
e
f
o
r
M
o
b
il
e
Ro
b
o
ts
”
,
Pro
c
.
I
EE
E
In
t.
Co
n
f.
o
n
R
o
b
o
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Au
to
ma
ti
o
n
,
S
e
o
u
l,
Ko
re
a
,
2
0
0
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4856
IJ
RA
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
7
:
3
1
–
3
8
38
[7
]
E.
P
a
p
a
d
o
p
o
u
l
o
s,
I.
P
a
p
a
d
im
it
rio
u
,
&
I.
P
o
u
lak
a
k
is,
“
P
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
-
b
a
s
e
d
Ob
sta
c
le
Av
o
id
a
n
c
e
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
n
o
n
h
o
lo
n
o
m
ic
M
o
b
i
le M
a
n
i
p
u
lat
o
r
S
y
ste
m
s
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
R
o
b
o
ti
c
s a
n
d
A
u
t
o
n
o
mo
u
s
,
4
1
(4
)
,
2
0
0
5
,
2
2
9
–
2
4
7
.
[8
]
Y.
G
u
o
&
L
.
P
a
rk
e
r,
“
A
Distrib
u
te
d
a
n
d
O
p
ti
m
a
l
M
o
ti
o
n
P
la
n
n
i
n
g
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
f
o
r
M
u
lt
i
p
le
M
o
b
il
e
R
o
b
o
ts
”
,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
R
o
b
o
ti
c
s a
n
d
Au
to
ma
ti
o
n
,
3
,
2
0
0
2
,
2
6
1
2
–
2
6
1
9
.
[9
]
X.
-
J.
Ji
n
g
,
“
Be
h
a
v
io
r
D
y
n
a
m
ics
Ba
se
d
M
o
ti
o
n
P
lan
n
in
g
o
f
M
o
b
il
e
Ro
b
o
ts
in
Un
c
e
rtain
Dy
n
a
m
ic
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
ts
”
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
R
o
b
o
ti
c
s a
n
d
Au
t
o
n
o
mo
u
s,
5
3
,
2
0
0
5
,
9
9
–
1
2
3
.
[1
0
]
S.
K.
S
a
h
a
&
J.
A
n
g
e
les
,
Dy
n
a
m
i
c
s
o
f
No
n
h
o
l
o
n
o
m
ic
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
S
y
ste
m
s
u
sin
g
a
Na
tu
ra
l
Orth
o
g
o
n
a
l
Co
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
,
AS
M
E
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
M
e
c
h
a
n
ics
,
5
8
,
1
9
9
1
,
2
3
8
–
2
4
4
.
[1
1
]
J.
De
sa
i,
C.
C.
W
a
n
g
,
M
.
Zerf
a
n
,
&
V.
K
u
m
a
r,
“
M
o
ti
o
n
P
la
n
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
M
u
lt
i
p
le
M
o
b
il
e
M
a
n
ip
u
lato
r
s
”
,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
IEE
E
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
R
o
b
o
ti
c
s a
n
d
Au
t
o
ma
t
io
n
,
3
,
1
9
9
6
,
2
0
7
3
–
2
0
7
8
.
[1
2
]
X
.
Ch
e
n
,
K.
W
a
tan
a
b
e
,
K.
Ki
g
u
c
h
i,
&
K.
Iz
u
m
i,
“
P
a
th
T
ra
c
k
in
g
Ba
se
d
on
Clo
se
d
-
L
o
o
p
Co
n
tro
l
fo
r
a
Qu
a
d
ru
p
e
d
Ro
b
o
t
in
a
Clu
tt
e
re
d
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
”
,
AS
M
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Dy
n
a
mic
sy
ste
ms
,
M
e
a
su
re
me
n
t
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
,
1
2
4
,
2
0
0
2
,
2
7
2
–
2
8
0
.
[1
3
]
G
ra
h
a
m
P
,
Da
v
id
J,
A
t
k
in
so
n
B
Z
,
“
A
Na
l
y
ti
c
a
l
S
tu
d
y
o
f
g
ri
d
-
f
a
u
lt
Re
sp
o
n
se
o
f
W
in
d
T
u
rb
in
e
,
d
o
u
b
ly
-
f
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
”,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
En
e
rg
y
C
o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
,
2
0
1
0
,
2
5
(
4
):1
0
8
1
-
1
0
9
1
.
[1
4
]
M
o
rre
n
J,
Ha
a
n
S
W
H
,
“
S
h
o
r
t
-
c
i
rc
u
it
Cu
rre
n
t
o
f
W
in
d
T
u
rb
in
e
s
w
it
h
Do
u
b
ly
F
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
ra
t
o
r
.
IEE
E
T
ra
n
-
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
O
n
E
n
e
rg
y
Co
n
v
e
rs
io
n
,
2
0
0
7
,
2
2
(1
)
:
1
7
4
-
1
8
0
.
[1
5
]
Je
su
s
L
o
p
e
z
,
Eu
g
e
n
io
G
u
b
ia
,
“
Rid
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
f
W
in
d
T
u
rb
in
e
s
w
it
h
d
o
u
b
ly
F
e
d
I
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
u
n
d
e
r
S
y
m
m
e
tr
y
i
c
a
l
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Dip
s
.
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
o
n
I
n
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
t
ro
n
ics
,
2
0
0
9
,
5
6
(
1
0
)
:
2
4
6
-
2
5
4
.
[1
6
]
D.
D.
L
i,
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
sh
o
rt
c
ircu
it
c
u
rre
n
t
o
f
w
in
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
,
d
o
u
b
ly
-
fe
d
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
P
r
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
IEE
E
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
1
st i
n
d
u
stri
a
l
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
M
a
y
2
4
-
2
6
2
0
0
-
6
,
S
i
n
g
a
p
o
re
:
1
-
5.
[1
7
]
X
u
e
-
g
u
a
n
g
Z
h
a
n
g
,
X
u
Dia
n
-
g
u
o
,
W
e
i
-
w
e
i
L
i
,
“
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
S
h
o
r
t
Circu
it
C
u
rre
n
t
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
d
o
u
b
ly
-
fe
d
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
”
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
mo
t
o
r a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
,
2
0
0
8
,
1
2
(5
)
:
4
9
3
-
4
9
7
.
[1
8
]
Yi
-
k
a
n
g
He
,
Hu
G
u
b
in
g
,
“
Do
u
b
l
y
-
fe
d
A
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
W
in
d
T
u
rb
i
n
e
S
e
v
e
ra
l
Ho
t
P
ro
b
lem
s
in
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
”,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
se
e
,
2
0
1
2
,
3
2
(2
7
)
:
1
-
1
5
.
[1
9
]
Jia
n
-
li
n
L
i,
X
u
H
o
n
g
h
u
a
,
“
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
”,
Beiji
n
g
:
me
c
h
a
n
ica
l
in
d
u
stry
p
u
b
li
sh
i
n
g
h
o
u
se
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
0
]
V
id
a
l
,
J,
A
b
a
d
G
,
A
r
z
a
J,
e
tc
,
“
T
h
e
S
in
g
le
-
p
h
a
se
DC
Cro
w
b
a
r
T
o
p
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Rid
e
T
h
ro
u
g
h
F
u
lf
il
lm
e
n
t
o
f
Hig
h
-
P
o
w
e
r
Do
u
b
ly
F
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
-
Ba
se
d
W
in
d
T
u
rb
i
n
e
s
”,
IEE
E
t
h
e
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
En
e
rg
y
C
o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
,
2
0
1
3
(
1
)
:
3
7
-
49.
[2
1
]
X
u
Dia
n
-
g
u
o
,
W
a
n
g
W
e
i,
v
e
stb
o
,
“
Ba
se
d
o
n
th
e
L
e
v
e
r
to
P
ro
tec
t
Do
u
b
ly
-
F
e
d
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
L
o
w
V
o
l
tag
e
M
o
to
r
T
h
ro
u
g
h
Dy
n
a
m
ic Ch
a
ra
c
teristic
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
”,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
se
e
,
2
0
1
0
,
(2
2
)
:
2
9
-
36.
[2
2
]
Da
W
ei
-
x
ian
g
,
S
h
u
n
c
h
a
n
g
Ya
n
g
Ra
n
L
i
,
“
G
ri
d
S
y
m
m
e
tri
c
a
l
F
a
il
u
re
Do
u
b
ly
-
F
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
ra
t
o
r
is
n
o
t
t
o
tak
e
o
f
f
th
e
Ne
t
w
o
rk
Ru
n
n
in
g
S
y
ste
m
S
im
u
latio
n
.
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s o
f
th
e
c
s
e
e
,
2
0
0
6
,
(
1
0
)
:
1
3
0
-
1
3
5
.
[2
3
]
Zh
a
n
g
Ya
n
x
ia
T
o
n
g
Ru
i,
Zh
a
o
Jie
,
e
tc
,
“
Do
u
b
ly
-
fe
d
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
T
ra
n
sie
n
t
Ch
a
ra
c
te
risti
c
an
d
L
o
w
V
o
l
tag
e
a
c
ro
ss
S
o
lu
ti
o
n
s
”,
Au
t
o
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
e
l
e
c
tric p
o
we
r sy
ste
ms
,
2
0
1
3
,
(
6
)
:
7
-
1
1
.
[2
4
]
Yi
-
k
a
n
g
He
,
V
in
c
e
,
“
V
a
riab
le
S
p
e
e
d
Co
n
sta
n
t
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
Do
u
b
l
y
-
F
e
d
A
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
L
o
w
V
o
l
tag
e
th
ro
u
g
h
T
e
c
h
n
ica
l
Re
v
ie
w
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
e
lec
tro
tec
h
n
ics
,
2
0
0
9
,
2
4
(9
)
:
1
4
0
-
1
4
6
.
[2
5
]
X
iao
-
d
o
n
g
Zh
u
,
S
h
i
L
e
i,
v
e
stb
o
J,
e
tc.
,
“
Co
n
si
d
e
rin
g
Cr
o
w
b
a
r
Re
sista
n
c
e
a
n
d
Ex
it
T
im
e
o
f
D
o
u
b
ly
-
F
e
d
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
is
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
A
c
ro
ss
”,
Au
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
e
lec
tric p
o
we
r sy
ste
ms
,
2
0
1
0
,
(
1
8
)
:
8
4
-
8
9
.
[2
6
]
W
e
i
L
a
n
,
Yu
-
c
h
e
n
C
h
e
n
,
e
tc.
,
“
Do
u
b
ly
-
f
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
W
in
d
T
u
rb
i
n
e
s L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
th
ro
u
g
h
t
h
e
T
h
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
A
n
a
l
y
sis
a
n
d
Ex
p
e
rim
e
n
tal
Re
se
a
rc
h
o
f
Co
n
tro
l
S
trate
g
y
”,
El
e
c
tric t
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
2
0
1
1
,
(
7
)
:
3
0
-
36.
[2
7
]
S
h
u
-
j
u
H
u
,
Z
h
a
o
D
o
n
g
,
e
tc.
,
“
Do
u
b
ly
-
fe
d
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
T
e
st
Re
s
e
a
rc
h
th
e
Ch
a
ra
c
teristic
o
f
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
A
c
ro
ss
”,
Hig
h
v
o
l
ta
g
e
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
2
0
1
0
,
(
0
3
)
:
7
8
9
-
7
9
5
.
[2
8
]
Ya
o
Ju
n
L
iao
Yo
n
g
,
L
i
Hu
i
,
“
T
h
e
S
tri
n
g
o
f
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
S
id
e
Co
n
v
e
rter
o
f
DFI
G
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
th
ro
u
g
h
Co
n
tr
o
l
”,
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
e
lec
tric p
o
we
r sy
ste
ms
,
2
0
1
0
,
(6
)
:
98
-
1
0
3
.
[2
9
]
Q
i
S
h
a
n
g
M
in
,
F
e
n
g
-
T
in
g
L
i,
S
h
i
-
e
n
He
,
et
al
.
,
“
W
it
h
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
th
ro
u
g
h
th
e
A
b
il
it
y
to
Clu
ste
r
A
c
c
e
ss
W
in
d
F
a
u
lt
C
h
a
ra
c
teristic S
im
u
latio
n
”,
Po
we
r sy
ste
m p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
ro
l
,
2
0
1
5
,
4
3
(1
4
)
:
5
5
-
62.
[3
0
]
Zh
o
n
g
-
y
i
L
iu
,
L
iu
Ch
o
n
g
ru
L
i
G
e
n
g
y
in
,
“
F
o
r
I
m
p
ro
v
in
g
th
e
Ca
p
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
Dire
c
t
-
Driv
e
P
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
M
a
g
n
e
t
L
o
w
V
o
l
tag
e
th
ro
u
g
h
th
e
F
a
n
P
o
w
e
r
C
o
o
r
d
in
a
ted
Co
n
tr
o
l
M
e
th
o
d
,”
Au
t
o
ma
ti
o
n
o
f
e
lec
tric p
o
we
r sy
st
e
ms
,
2
0
1
5
,
(3
)
:
2
3
-
29.
[3
1
]
W
e
i
Ch
e
n
,
S
o
n
g
X
iao
-
li
a
n
g
,
et
al
.
,
“
A
d
o
u
b
ly
-
f
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
W
i
n
d
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
Co
n
tr
o
l
S
trate
g
y
o
f
l
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
A
c
ro
ss
”,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
e
lec
tro
tec
h
n
i
c
s
,
2
0
1
0
,
(9
):
1
7
0
-
1
7
5
.
[3
2
]
Zh
a
n
g
M
a
n
,
H
ui
-
la
n
J
ian
g
,
“
Ba
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
L
e
v
e
r
D
y
n
a
m
ic
R
e
sista
n
c
e
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
Do
u
b
ly
-
F
e
d
W
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
Ge
n
e
ra
to
r
in
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
L
o
w
V
o
lt
a
g
e
A
c
ro
ss
”,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
e
lec
tro
tec
h
n
ics
,
2
0
1
4
,
(0
2
):
2
7
1
-
2
7
8
.
[3
3
]
S
u
P
i
n
g
,
Z
h
a
n
g
b
y
c
lu
b
s
,
“
Ba
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
A
c
ti
v
e
Ty
p
e
I
G
B
T
C
ro
w
b
a
r
L
V
RT
d
o
u
b
ly
-
f
e
d
w
in
d
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
ste
m
S
im
u
latio
n
,”
P
o
we
r sy
ste
m p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
,
2
0
1
0
,
(
2
3
)
:
1
6
4
-
1
7
1
.
[3
4
]
M
a
Ha
o
-
m
i
a
o
,
Ga
o
Yo
n
g
,
Ya
n
g
Yu
a
n
,
et
al
.
,
“
F
u
z
z
y
Op
ti
m
i
z
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Cro
w
b
a
r
Re
sisitan
c
e
f
o
r
l
o
w
-
v
o
lt
a
g
e
rid
e
t
h
ro
u
g
h
o
f
d
o
u
b
ly
-
f
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
rs
,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
CS
EE
,
2
0
1
2
,
3
2
(3
4
):1
7
-
2
3
.
[3
5
]
Jin
Ya
n
g
,
F
letc
h
e
r
J
E,
O’Re
il
ly
J.
,
“
As
e
ries
D
y
n
a
m
ic
-
r
e
sisto
r
-
b
a
se
d
Co
n
v
e
r
P
ro
tec
ti
o
n
S
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
d
o
u
b
ly
-
f
e
d
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
Du
ri
n
g
Va
rio
u
s
F
a
u
lt
C
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s
”,
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
En
e
rg
y
C
o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
,
2
0
1
0
,
2
5
(
2
):4
2
2
-
4
3
2
.
[3
6
]
Erl
ich
I
,
W
in
ter
W
,
Ditt
rich
A
.
,
“
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
G
rid
Re
q
u
ire
m
e
n
ts
f
o
r
th
e
In
teg
r
a
ti
o
n
o
f
W
in
d
T
u
rb
in
e
s
in
t
o
th
e
G
e
r
m
a
n
T
ra
n
s
m
i
ss
io
n
S
y
ste
m
[
C]
//
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
o
c
iety
G
e
n
e
ra
l
M
e
e
ti
n
g
”
,
M
o
n
trea
l
,
Qu
e
.
Du
isb
u
rg
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
.
2
0
0
6
:
1
-
7
.
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