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I
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20
89
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4856
IJ
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s
pr
opos
e
d.
A
n
ov
e
l
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
or
s
pe
e
d c
on
t
r
ol
of
i
n
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
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is
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tr
o
d
u
c
e
d
.
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c
lo
s
e
d
l
o
o
p
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n
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llig
e
n
t
D
ig
i
ta
l c
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
th
a
t
a
c
ts
a
s
a
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
w
ill
f
u
r
n
i
s
h
t
h
e
r
e
q
u
ir
e
d
P
W
M
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l th
e
s
p
e
e
d
o
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t
h
e
i
n
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u
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t
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n
m
o
to
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.
D
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
P
W
M
t
ech
n
i
q
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es
s
u
c
h
as
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D
,
P
O
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d
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r
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i
t
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m
an
ce o
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y
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m
w
a
s
ev
al
u
at
ed
u
s
i
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g
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l
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ag
e T
H
D
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cu
r
r
en
t
T
H
D
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S
t
at
o
r
T
H
D
,
v
o
l
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ag
e s
t
r
e
s
s
an
d
q
ui
c
k r
a
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s
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i
me
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er
y
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w
r
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ear
c
h
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ad
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t
t
e
m
p
t
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t
h
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f
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en
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P
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M t
ech
n
i
q
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e
s
.
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h
i
s
wo
r
k
i
m
p
l
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m
en
t
s
t
h
e P
D
P
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M t
ech
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q
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e
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r
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on
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ol
l
i
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pe
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d of
i
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du
c
t
i
on
m
o
t
or
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e
c
t
i
on
2 g
i
v
e
s
t
h
e
w
or
k
i
ng
of
t
h
e
N
e
w
D
e
v
e
l
ope
d H
-
B
r
id
g
e
C
a
s
c
a
d
e
d
m
u
lt
ile
v
e
l in
v
e
r
te
r
[1
1
]
.
S
e
c
tio
n
3
illu
s
tr
a
te
s
th
e
B
lo
c
k
d
ia
g
r
a
m
f
or
t
h
e
n
e
w
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v
e
l
ope
d
H
-
B
r
i
d
g
e
cas
cad
ed
M
u
l
t
i
l
ev
e
l
I
n
v
e
r
t
er
.
S
ect
i
o
n
4
g
i
v
es
t
h
e s
w
it
c
h
e
d
in
d
u
c
to
r
w
it
h
t
opol
og
y
u
s
e
d.
S
e
c
t
i
on
5 g
i
ve
s
t
h
e
m
ode
s
o
f
ope
r
a
t
i
on
a
n
d ope
r
a
t
i
n
g
pr
i
n
c
i
pl
e
.
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e
c
t
i
on
6 i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t P
W
M
te
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
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p
o
s
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
c
ir
c
u
i
t.
S
e
c
tio
n
7
g
iv
e
s
th
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
r
e
s
u
l
t
s a
n
d
d
i
sc
u
s
si
o
n
s
o
f
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
c
ir
c
u
it f
e
d
o
n
in
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
r
w
ith
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t P
W
M
te
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
.
S
e
c
tio
n
8
gi
ve
s
t
he
C
o
nc
l
u
s
i
o
n o
f
t
he
p
a
p
e
r
.
2.
N
EW
D
EV
ELO
P
ED
H
B
R
I
D
G
E
C
A
S
C
A
D
ED
M
U
LT
I
LEV
E
L IN
V
ER
TE
R
W
I
TH
R
ED
U
C
ED
CO
M
P
O
NE
NT
S
A N
o
v
e
l
n
e
w
de
v
e
l
ope
d
H
B
r
i
d
g
e b
as
ed
cas
cad
ed
m
u
l
t
i
l
e
v
el
i
nv
e
r
t
e
r
i
s
pr
opos
e
d.
T
h
e
pow
e
r
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
w
i
l
l
r
e
qu
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
num
be
r
o
f
D
C
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
a
n
d s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
.
T
h
e
t
opol
ogy
c
ons
i
s
t
s
of
l
o
w
e
r
bl
oc
k
i
ng
v
ol
t
a
g
e
o
n
s
w
i
t
c
h
es
,
w
h
i
c
h
r
es
u
l
t
s
i
n
d
ecr
eas
ed
co
m
p
l
ex
i
t
y
a
n
d
t
o
t
al
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ct
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
t
er
.
T
h
e
S
i
n
g
l
e
P
h
as
e
S
e
ve
n
L
e
v
e
l
Z
–
S
o
u
r
ce C
a
s
ca
d
ed
H
-
B
r
i
d
ge
M
ul
t
i
l
e
ve
l
I
n
ve
r
t
e
r
f
o
r
s
e
ve
n l
e
ve
l
i
n
ve
r
t
e
r
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s
s
ho
w
n i
n F
i
g
ur
e
1
.
T
h
e
P
o
w
e
r
c
ir
c
u
i
t c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
s
ix
u
n
id
ir
e
c
tio
n
a
l p
o
w
e
r
s
w
itc
h
e
s
(
S
a
1
…
Sa
6
)
a
n
d
DC
Vo
l
t
a
g
e
s
Vd
c
a
1
& V
d
c
a
2
.
T
he
s
w
i
t
c
he
s
S
a
1
…
Sa
2
(o
r S
a
3
…
Sa
4
)
s
i
m
ul
t
a
ne
o
us
l
y t
ur
n
-
o
n
,
w
h
i
c
h
cau
s
es
t
h
e v
o
l
t
ag
e s
o
u
r
ces
t
o
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
c
u
it.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
th
e
s
im
u
lta
n
e
o
u
s
t
u
r
n
-
on
of
t
h
e
m
e
n
t
i
on
e
d s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
t
o be
a
v
oi
de
d.
I
n
a
d
di
t
i
on
,
S
a
5
s
ho
u
l
d
b
e
no
t
b
e
t
ur
n o
n a
t
t
he
s
a
m
e
t
i
m
e
.
F
i
g
ur
e
2
s
ho
w
t
he
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
ng
s
e
q
ue
nc
e
o
f
t
he
s
i
n
gl
e
p
h
a
s
e
H
br
i
dg
e
m
u
ltile
v
e
l i
n
v
e
r
te
r
.
T
a
b
le
1
s
ho
w
s
t
he
S
w
itc
h
s
ta
t
e
s
a
nd
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
in
v
e
r
te
r
s
f
o
r
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t s
ta
te
s
o
f
t
he
s
w
i
t
c
he
s
.
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n t
hi
s
T
ab
l
e,
1
an
d
0
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n
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i
cat
e t
h
e O
N
a
n
d
O
F
F
s
t
at
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o
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t
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s
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t
ch
e
s
,
r
es
p
ect
i
v
el
y
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
t
he
va
l
ue
s
o
f
d
c v
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l
t
ag
e s
o
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r
ces
s
h
o
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l
d
b
e d
i
f
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en
t
t
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e
n
er
at
e m
o
r
e v
o
l
t
a
g
e l
ev
el
s
w
i
t
h
o
u
t
i
n
cr
eas
i
n
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
s
an
d
d
c
v
o
l
t
ag
es
s
o
u
r
ces
.
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h
e
m
ag
n
i
t
u
d
e
o
f
V
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ca
1
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d
V
d
c
a
2
s
h
ou
l
d
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on
s
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de
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e
d
3
t
i
m
e
s
a
n
d 1 t
i
m
e
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e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
S
i
m
i
l
a
r
l
y
,
f
or
t
h
e
t
opol
ogy
s
h
o
w
n i
n
F
i
gu
r
e
1,
t
h
e
m
a
gn
i
t
u
de
of
V
dc
a
1 a
n
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V
dc
a
2 s
h
ou
l
d be
c
on
s
i
de
r
e
d 2
t
i
m
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n
d
1
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m
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r
es
p
ect
i
v
el
y
a
s
s
ho
w
n i
n (
1
-
2)
.
Vd
c
a
1
=
Vd
c
(1
)
Vd
c
a
2
=
3 V
dc
(2
)
C
on
s
i
de
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q
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T
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t
h
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pr
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p
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cas
cad
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can
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V
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a
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t
.
F
i
g
u
r
e 1
.
S
i
n
g
l
e p
h
as
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s
ev
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n
l
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Z
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S
o
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cad
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H
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B
r
i
d
g
e
m
u
ltile
v
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l i
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v
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r
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r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
RA
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SSN
:
2089
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4856
D
evel
o
p
ed
Z
-
S
o
u
r
ce H
-
B
r
i
dge
M
ul
t
i
l
e
v
e
l
I
nv
e
r
t
e
r
w
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h R
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du
c
e
d C
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pone
nt
s
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(
C
.
L
.
K
uppus
w
am
y
)
207
F
i
g
ur
e
2.
O
p
er
at
i
o
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
t
h
e s
i
n
gl
e
p
ha
s
e
s
e
ve
n l
e
ve
l
Z
–
S
o
u
r
ce cas
cad
ed
H
-
B
r
id
g
e
m
u
lt
ile
v
e
l i
n
v
e
r
te
r
T
ab
l
e 1
.
S
w
itc
h
S
ta
te
s
f
o
r
th
e
P
r
o
pos
e
d N
e
w
D
e
v
e
l
ope
d H
-
B
r
i
d
ge
C
as
cad
ed
s
ev
e
n
l
ev
el
i
n
v
er
t
er
Sno
Sa
1
Sa
2
Sa
3
Sa
4
Sa
5
Sa
6
Vo
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
V
d
c
a1
2
1
0
0
1
1
0
-
Vd
c
a
2
3
1
0
1
0
0
1
V
d
c
a2
+
V
d
c
a1
4
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
5
0
1
0
1
1
0
-
Vd
c
a
1
6
0
1
1
0
0
1
-
Vd
c
a
2
7
0
1
1
0
1
0
-
(
V
d
c
a
2
+
V
d
c
a
1
)
3.
B
LO
C
K
D
IA
G
R
A
M
F
O
R
TH
E P
R
O
P
O
S
ED
H
B
R
I
D
G
E M
U
LTI
L
EV
EL
IN
V
ER
T
ER
T
h
e B
l
o
ck
d
i
ag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
N
e
w
D
e
v
el
o
p
ed
C
as
cad
ed
S
e
v
e
n
l
ev
el
I
n
v
er
t
er
i
s
ap
p
ear
ed
i
n
F
i
g
ur
e
3
.
I
t
c
o
m
p
r
i
s
e
s o
f
a
T
w
o
D
C so
u
r
c
e
s
w
i
t
h
Z
-
S
o
u
r
ce,
D
e
v
el
o
p
ed
H
B
r
i
d
g
e i
n
v
er
t
er
,
3
r
d
h
ar
m
o
n
i
c
i
n
j
ect
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
S
P
W
M
p
u
ls
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
a
lo
n
g
w
ith
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
lle
r
w
it
h
s
e
t s
p
e
e
d
U
n
its
.
C
car
r
i
er
d
i
s
p
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
h
a
v
e b
een
i
n
t
r
odu
c
e
d t
h
r
ough
P
W
M
s
i
gn
a
l
s
a
r
e
f
e
d t
o t
h
e
de
v
e
l
ope
d H
br
i
dg
e
i
nv
e
r
t
e
r
,
w
h
i
c
h
t
h
e
s
pe
e
d c
on
t
r
ol
of
t
h
e
in
d
u
c
tio
n
m
o
to
r
is
a
c
h
ie
v
e
d
[
1
2
]
.
F
i
g
ur
e
3.
B
l
oc
k
di
a
g
r
a
m
of
t
he
n
e
w
de
v
e
l
ope
d H
-
B
r
i
d
g
e cas
cad
ed
m
u
l
t
i
l
e
v
el
i
n
v
er
t
er
4.
S
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H
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IN
D
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D
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ED
Z
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H
B
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boo
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[1
3
]
[
14
]
.
T
he
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w
s
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4
[
15]
.
F
or
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pos
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of
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a
n
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t
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I
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89
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4856
IJ
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7
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3
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er
20
1
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5
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14
208
H
B
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[
16]
.
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ach
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a
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L
2
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co
n
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ap
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et
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r
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s
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ab
l
e 1
.
F
i
g
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e
4
.
C
l
os
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d l
oop
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ir
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u
it d
ia
g
r
a
m
f
o
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d
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el
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ev
en
l
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s
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ed
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B
r
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d
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nve
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t
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r
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M
O
DE
S
O
F
O
P
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RAT
I
O
N (
O
P
E
R
A
T
IN
G
P
R
IN
C
I
P
L
E)
T
he
s
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t
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h s
t
a
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n
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ul
t
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l
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(
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S
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pp
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s
ho
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t
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U
S
T
)
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nd
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o
w
e
r
s
ho
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t
t
hr
ough
(
L
S
T
)
.
T
h
e
s
e
s
h
oot
t
h
r
ough
s
w
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t
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h
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ng
s
t
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t
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r
e
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xp
l
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ne
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ul
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l
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r
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w
n
i
n F
i
g
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1
.
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h
er
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ar
e t
h
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ee k
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w
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s
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ith
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1
a
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d
0
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e
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ti
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e
s
h
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r
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le
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n
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t
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L
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v
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l
t
ag
e t
o
t
h
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n
v
er
t
er
.
5
.1
.
M
o
de
1
-
N
o
n s
ho
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t
t
hr
o
ug
h
m
o
de
T
he
e
q
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l
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nt
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t
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i
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n
-
s
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t
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o
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g
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m
o
d
e
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s
s
h
o
w
n i
n
F
i
gur
e
5
.
A
n i
nve
r
t
e
r
i
s
i
n a
no
n
-
s
h
o
o
t t
h
r
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g
h
s
ta
te
t
h
a
t
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
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s
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x
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c
ti
v
e
s
ta
te
s
a
n
d
t
w
o
tr
a
d
itio
n
a
l o
p
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z
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o
s
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s
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d
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c
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r
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n
t
m
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h
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f
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llo
w
in
g
i
n
e
q
u
a
lit
y
(3
)
:
i
L
>
0.
5 I
i
(3
)
I
n t
h
i
s
m
o
d
e
,
t
he
i
np
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D
C
c
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r
e
nt
a
s
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w
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n (
4
)
:
I
in
= I
L1
+I
C1
= I
L1
+(
I
L1
-
i
1
)
=
2i
L
–
i
1
>
0
(4
)
V
o
l
t
ag
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o
s
s
t
h
e i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
a
s
s
ho
w
n i
n (
5
)
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
RA
I
SSN
:
2089
-
4856
D
evel
o
p
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Z
-
S
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r
ce H
-
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r
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dge
M
ul
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nv
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t
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w
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e
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d C
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(
C
.
L
.
K
uppus
w
am
y
)
209
V
L
= V
0
-
V
C
(5
)
W
h
er
e V
0
i
s
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce v
o
l
t
a
g
e an
d
I
n
d
u
ct
o
r
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r
r
en
t
l
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n
ear
l
y
d
ecr
eas
es
.
F
i
gu
r
e
5.
N
on
S
h
oot
t
h
r
ough
M
ode
e
qu
i
v
a
l
e
n
t
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
5
.2
.
M
o
de
2
-
S
ho
o
t
t
hr
o
ug
h m
o
de
T
h
e
e
q
u
iv
a
le
n
t
c
ir
c
u
i
t
in
s
h
o
o
t
th
r
ou
gh
m
ode
i
s
s
h
o
w
n i
n F
i
gu
r
e
6
.
A
s
wi
t
c
h
s
h
o
o
t
-
t
hr
o
ug
h z
e
r
o
s
t
at
e o
ccu
r
s
w
h
en
t
h
e s
w
i
t
ch
e
s
i
n
an
y
o
f
t
h
e t
h
r
ee p
h
a
s
e l
eg
s
ar
e g
at
ed
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
eo
u
s
l
y
.
F
i
g
ur
e
6
.
S
ho
o
t
t
hr
o
u
gh
m
o
d
e
e
q
ui
va
l
e
nt
c
i
r
c
ui
t
T
h
i
s
m
o
d
e p
r
o
d
u
ces
a zer
o
v
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l
t
ag
e
v
ect
o
r
at
t
h
e i
n
v
er
t
er
o
u
t
p
u
t
l
i
k
e o
p
en
m
o
d
e an
d
c
o
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tr
ib
u
te
s
to
t
h
e t
o
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al
act
i
v
e l
en
g
t
h
o
f
zer
o
v
o
l
t
ag
e
s
t
at
e.
I
n t
hi
s
m
o
d
e
(6
)
:
V
C1
+
V
C2
>
V
0
(
6)
T
h
e d
i
o
d
e i
s
r
ev
er
s
e
b
i
as
ed
,
an
d
t
h
e cap
aci
t
o
r
s
c
h
ar
g
e
t
h
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i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
s
.
T
h
e
V
o
lta
ge
s
a
c
r
o
s
s
t
he
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nd
uc
t
o
r
s
a
s
s
ho
w
n
i
n (
7
)
:
V
L1
=
V
C1
a
nd
V
L2
=
V
C2
(7
)
T
h
e i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t
l
i
n
ear
l
y
i
n
cr
eas
es
.
6.
P
W
M
TEC
H
N
I
Q
U
ES
O
v
er
t
h
e
y
ear
s
v
ar
i
o
u
s
P
W
M
t
ech
n
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q
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es
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s
ed
f
o
r
m
u
l
t
i
-
l
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ve
l
i
nve
r
t
e
r
s
.
T
he
r
e
no
w
ne
d
P
W
M
m
e
t
h
ods
u
s
e
d f
or
m
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l
t
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l
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el
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n
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t
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s
ar
e t
h
e car
r
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er
b
as
ed
P
W
M
(
S
P
W
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)
t
ech
n
i
q
u
es
a
n
d
t
h
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s
p
ace v
ect
o
r
b
as
ed
P
W
M
(
S
V
M)
t
ech
n
i
q
u
e
s
.
T
h
e S
P
W
M
s
ch
e
m
e
s
ar
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s
y
t
o
i
m
p
l
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e
n
t
a
n
d
m
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f
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e
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i
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l
e.
T
h
es
e S
P
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t
ech
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i
q
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s
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car
r
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car
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al
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s
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e s
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g
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al
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M
u
l
t
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e
l
s
in
u
s
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a
l P
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a
r
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f
u
r
th
e
r
c
l
as
s
i
f
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n
t
o
car
r
i
er
an
d
m
o
d
u
l
at
i
n
g
s
i
g
n
al
s
.
B
as
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o
n
t
h
e car
r
i
er
s
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g
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al
s
t
h
e
te
c
h
n
iq
u
e
i
s
f
u
r
t
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e
r
c
la
s
s
i
f
ie
d
in
to
P
h
a
s
e
d
is
p
o
s
it
io
n
(
P
D
)
,
P
h
a
s
e
O
p
p
o
s
itio
n
D
i
s
p
o
s
itio
n
(
P
O
D
)
,
P
h
a
s
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s
h
i
f
t
ed
(
P
S
)
co
n
t
r
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q
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s
u
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er
n
at
e P
O
D
an
d
H
y
b
r
i
d
t
e
c
hni
q
ue
[
1
7
].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
20
89
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4856
IJ
RA
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7
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3
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er
20
1
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20
5
–
2
14
210
6
.1
.
P
h
a
s
e
D
is
p
o
s
it
io
n
P
WM
t
e
c
hni
que
(P
D
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I
n t
h
i
s
m
e
t
ho
d
a
l
l
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a
r
r
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e
r
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ha
ve
t
he
s
a
m
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f
r
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q
ue
nc
y
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nd
a
m
p
l
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t
ud
e
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l
s
o
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t
he
N
-
1
car
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er
s
ar
e i
n
p
ha
s
e
w
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t
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a
c
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he
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.
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hi
s
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us
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l
ev
e
l
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n
v
er
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u
tp
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t v
o
lta
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e
.
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ll
t
h
e car
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i
g
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al
s
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a
v
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s
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m
e a
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m
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r
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en
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y
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g
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e t
h
e s
a
m
e a
m
p
l
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t
u
d
e,
s
a
me
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
a
n
d
ar
e i
n
p
h
as
e [
4
]
.
F
o
u
r
t
een
t
r
i
a
n
g
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l
ar
car
r
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w
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v
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m
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t
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I
n
F
i
gu
r
e
7
i
s i
llu
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tr
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te
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t
h
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P
h
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r
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ie
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C
o
n
tr
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l T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
.
F
i
g
ur
e
7
.
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h
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(
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n
iq
u
e
6
.2
.
P
h
a
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e
O
ppo
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[
4
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eg
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i
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l
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p
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i
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D
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l T
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c
h
n
iq
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6
.3
.
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h
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h
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ar
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0
d
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p
h
as
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ed
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l
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r
car
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d
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o
r
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θ
=
(
360°
/
m
-
1
) [
1
7
]
.
F
ig
u
r
e
9
I
llu
s
tr
a
te
s
th
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P
h
as
e S
h
i
f
t
ed
C
ar
r
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C
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t
r
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T
ech
n
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q
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F
i
g
ur
e
9
.
P
h
as
e S
h
i
f
t
ed
(
P
S
)
car
r
i
er
co
n
t
r
o
l
t
ech
n
i
q
u
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
RA
I
SSN
:
2089
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4856
D
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211
7.
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AND DI
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ill
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5
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R
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