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s
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
i
n
ter
m
itte
n
t,
th
e
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
is
n
o
t
s
tab
le
an
d
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
th
e
cl
i
m
atic
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
,
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
r
en
e
w
ab
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
i
n
s
er
ted
a
n
d
ex
p
lo
ited
s
i
m
u
la
tan
eo
u
s
l
y
i
n
a
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
lan
t
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
co
m
p
li
m
en
t
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
T
h
e
o
th
er
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
t
is
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
co
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
lan
t.
T
o
m
i
n
i
m
ize
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
li
m
iti
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tatic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
i
s
a
b
etter
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
m
i
n
iat
u
r
izatio
n
,
t
h
i
s
alter
n
a
tiv
e
i
s
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
,
it
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t
co
n
tr
o
l
cir
cu
it
(
DSP
o
r
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
ca
r
d
)
.
T
h
is
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
is
j
u
s
ti
f
ied
b
y
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
m
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
s
to
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
(
a
s
in
g
l
e
DC
/
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
in
s
tead
o
f
t
w
o
D
C
/DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
a
n
d
a
s
i
n
g
le
DC
/
AC
co
n
v
er
ter
)
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
t
w
o
s
tatic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
less
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
an
d
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
,
s
o
a
le
s
s
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
co
n
tr
o
l
ca
r
d
,
an
d
a
s
i
m
p
le
co
n
tr
o
l p
r
o
g
r
am
i
s
s
u
f
f
icien
t (
les
s
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
p
ap
er
d
ea
ls
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
a
g
r
id
co
n
n
e
cted
h
y
b
r
id
P
V/W
I
ND
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
a
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
ied
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
a
llo
w
s
t
h
e
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
a
n
d
tr
a
n
s
f
er
o
f
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
P
V/W
in
d
p
o
w
er
.
Sev
er
al
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
th
e
liter
at
u
r
e
h
a
v
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
th
e
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
o
f
P
V
an
d
W
I
ND
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
A
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
b
ased
o
n
P
V,
W
in
d
an
d
b
atter
ies
ar
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
ied
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
a
co
m
m
o
n
D
C
b
u
s
a
n
d
ea
c
h
s
o
u
r
ce
is
li
n
k
ed
to
its
o
w
n
ad
ap
tatio
n
cir
c
u
it.
T
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
D
C
B
u
s
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
id
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
n
i
n
v
er
te
r
.
B
ae
an
d
K
w
asi
n
s
k
i
[
8
]
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
tu
d
y
o
f
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
id
w
it
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
P
V
/
P
MSG
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
B
u
t
t
h
e
MP
PT
co
n
tr
o
l
is
n
o
t
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
i
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
.
Se
v
er
al
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
ar
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
u
s
in
g
P
V
/
W
in
d
i
n
[
9
,
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
[
1
1
]
d
escr
ib
es
a
P
V
/
W
in
d
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
ase
el
ec
tr
ical
g
r
id
.
I
n
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
e
au
th
o
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
s
tu
d
y
w
h
er
e
th
e
P
V
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
d
i
r
ec
tl
y
to
t
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
DC
b
u
s
.
An
u
n
co
n
tr
o
lled
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
r
ec
ti
f
ier
f
o
ll
o
w
ed
b
y
a
DC
/D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
a
s
i
n
g
le
-
p
h
a
s
e
i
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
c
h
o
s
en
.
T
h
e
e
x
tr
a
ctio
n
o
f
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
en
s
u
r
ed
b
y
ad
j
u
s
ti
n
g
t
h
e
D
C
b
u
s
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
in
j
ec
ted
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
is
ca
lc
u
lated
f
r
o
m
th
e
v
ar
iat
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
DC
b
u
s
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
e
n
s
u
r
es
m
ax
i
m
iza
tio
n
an
d
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
th
e
ac
ti
v
e
p
o
w
er
an
d
t
h
e
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
o
f
th
e
D
C
b
u
s
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
s
o
f
t
h
e
lit
er
at
u
r
e
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
ea
ch
P
V
o
r
P
MSG
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
h
y
b
r
id
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es
is
as
s
o
ciate
d
to
a
p
o
w
er
elec
tr
o
n
ics
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Fo
r
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
ea
ch
s
o
u
r
ce
(
P
V
o
r
w
i
n
d
)
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
f
o
r
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l is r
ea
liz
ed
b
y
an
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
ca
lled
MP
PT
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
a
b
etter
ef
f
icien
c
y
is
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
m
i
n
i
m
izi
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
DC
/
D
C
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
as
m
a
x
i
m
iz
ed
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
ac
ti
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
,
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
t
in
u
o
u
s
co
m
m
o
n
DC
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
w
i
n
d
g
e
n
er
ato
r
.
T
h
e
MP
PT
m
et
h
o
d
is
u
s
ed
to
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
an
d
P
MSG
g
en
er
ato
r
s
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
P
W
M
co
n
tr
o
l is c
u
r
r
en
tl
y
m
o
r
e
s
o
licited
in
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
s
as
ad
ap
tatio
n
cir
cu
its
b
et
w
ee
n
AC
a
n
d
D
C
s
y
s
te
m
,
f
o
r
o
b
tain
i
n
g
a
p
o
w
er
f
a
cto
r
clo
s
e
to
u
n
i
t
y
.
Ot
h
er
w
o
r
k
in
t
h
e
liter
a
tu
r
e
d
e
als
w
ith
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
P
V/
W
I
ND
s
y
s
te
m
s
b
ase
d
o
n
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
r
ec
tif
ier
co
n
tr
o
lled
.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
r
ec
ti
f
ier
m
a
k
es
i
t
p
o
s
s
i
b
le
to
r
aise
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
t
o
a
h
ig
h
er
v
al
u
e
o
f
its
cr
ea
ted
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
is
t
y
p
e
o
f
co
n
v
er
ter
i
s
u
s
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
P
MSG
g
e
n
er
at
o
r
an
d
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
DC
b
u
s
[
1
2
-
1
4
]
.
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
a
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
t
e
m
P
V/
W
I
ND
s
u
b
j
ec
ted
t
o
v
er
y
r
ap
id
ch
an
g
es
o
f
th
e
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
an
d
t
h
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
tr
an
s
f
er
s
t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
w
it
h
b
etter
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
cli
m
ate
ch
an
g
e.
T
o
m
in
i
m
ize
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
DC
/
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
in
cl
u
d
es
a
th
r
ee
-
le
v
el
b
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
a
n
d
a
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
w
i
n
d
g
en
er
ato
r
is
d
i
r
ec
tl
y
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
D
C
b
u
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
u
n
co
n
tr
o
lled
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
r
ec
tif
ier
.
L
i
n
ea
r
(
P
I
)
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
en
s
u
r
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
tr
an
s
f
er
,
r
e
g
u
la
te
t
h
e
D
C
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
tr
a
n
s
f
er
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
w
i
th
a
q
u
asi
-
u
n
i
t
p
o
w
er
co
ef
f
icie
n
t.
T
h
ese
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ar
e
r
ea
lized
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
m
ak
in
g
t
h
e
h
y
b
r
id
P
V/W
in
d
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
r
e
m
o
r
e
r
eliab
le
an
d
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
d
o
m
e
s
tic
an
d
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ia
l a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
2.
H
YB
RID P
V/WI
N
D
SYS
T
E
M
M
O
DE
L
I
N
G
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
is
t
s
a
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
u
n
co
n
tr
o
lled
d
io
d
e
r
ec
tif
ier
,
a
T
L
B
C
an
d
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
i
n
v
er
ter
p
o
w
er
ed
b
y
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltic a
n
d
w
i
n
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
A
P
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N:
2252
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8792
Mo
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
IJ
A
P
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Vo
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7
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[
1
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
Mo
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I
SS
N
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2252
-
8792
IJ
A
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ig
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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A
P
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I
SS
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2252
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8792
Mo
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46
A
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