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ap
id
r
esp
o
n
s
e
w
it
h
g
o
o
d
lif
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
u
ltra
ca
p
cito
r
s
h
av
e
lo
w
e
n
er
g
y
d
en
s
it
y
a
n
d
ar
e
a
v
ailab
le
i
n
lo
w
v
o
lta
g
e
r
ati
n
g
s
.
T
h
i
s
r
eq
u
ir
es
s
er
ies
-
p
ar
allel
b
an
k
s
to
b
e
p
r
ep
a
r
ed
f
o
r
Mu
lti
-
MW
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
[
3
]
I
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
a
m
u
lti
m
ac
h
i
n
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
is
s
i
m
u
lated
w
i
th
UP
FC
-
S
ME
S
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
is
to
s
i
m
u
late
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
er
s
ev
er
e
f
a
u
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
r
an
s
ien
t
s
tab
ilit
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
ai
n
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
f
o
r
in
teg
r
at
io
n
o
f
UP
FC
w
it
h
S
ME
S.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
is
ar
r
an
g
ed
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
Sec
tio
n
2
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
d
etailed
d
escr
ip
t
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
er
co
n
s
i
d
er
atio
n
.
Sectio
n
3
d
ea
ls
w
ith
d
etai
led
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
&
m
o
d
eli
n
g
.
Sectio
n
4
d
escr
ib
es
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Sectio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es th
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
Descri
ptio
n
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
er
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
f
o
r
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
UP
FC
an
d
SME
S
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
b
elo
w
.
G1
T1
3
5
0
K
m
3
5
0
K
m
T2
G2
5
0
0
0
M
W
B1
B2
B3
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Tw
o
Ma
ch
i
n
e
S
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
er
s
t
u
d
y
Ma
ch
i
n
e
G1
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
lo
ad
ce
n
ter
th
r
o
u
g
h
5
0
0
k
V,
7
0
0
k
m
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
li
n
e.
L
o
ad
ce
n
ter
i
s
m
o
d
eled
b
y
5
0
0
0
MW
r
esis
tiv
e
lo
ad
w
h
ic
h
is
also
f
ed
b
y
a
n
ea
r
b
y
g
e
n
er
atio
n
o
f
5
0
0
0
M
W
b
y
m
ac
h
i
n
e
M2
[
4
]
.
A
P
h
aso
r
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
ab
o
v
e
s
y
s
te
m
in
M
A
T
L
A
B
s
i
m
u
li
n
k
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
T
h
e
p
h
aso
r
s
o
lu
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
is
m
a
in
l
y
u
s
e
d
to
s
t
u
d
y
elec
tr
o
m
ec
h
an
ical
o
s
cillatio
n
s
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
lar
g
e
g
en
er
ato
r
s
a
n
d
m
o
t
o
r
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
b
ee
n
i
n
itialized
f
o
r
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
li
n
e
to
ca
r
r
y
9
5
0
MW
w
h
ic
h
i
s
clo
s
e
to
its
s
u
r
g
e
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
l
o
ad
in
g
.
I
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
w
e
ll
estab
lis
h
ed
t
h
at
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
g
et
p
r
o
p
er
s
eg
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e
th
e
b
est
lo
c
atio
n
o
f
a
F
AC
T
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
t
h
e
m
id
p
o
in
t
o
f
tr
an
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
a
UP
FC
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
b
u
s
B
2
.
I
n
ab
s
e
n
ce
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
t
h
e
D
C
L
in
k
ca
p
ac
ito
r
o
f
UP
F
C
h
as
v
er
y
litt
le
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
.
E
v
e
n
th
o
u
g
h
UP
FC
ca
n
i
n
j
ec
t
r
ea
l
p
o
w
er
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
it
s
s
er
ies
co
n
v
er
ter
,
b
u
t
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
i
s
ess
e
n
tial
l
y
d
r
a
w
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
h
u
n
t
co
n
v
er
ter
.
I
n
teg
r
atio
n
w
it
h
E
SS
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
h
elp
s
i
n
s
to
r
a
g
e
o
f
a
n
y
a
v
aila
b
le
r
en
e
w
ab
le
b
u
t
also
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
tr
an
s
ie
n
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Ma
n
y
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
w
h
ich
h
av
e
e
x
p
lo
r
ed
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
FAC
T
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
w
it
h
E
SS
.
A
UP
FC
-
SME
S
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
e
x
p
lo
r
ed
in
[
5
]
;
h
o
w
e
v
er
th
er
e
is
n
o
clea
r
m
e
n
tio
n
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
s
ize
an
d
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
.
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
i
v
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
UP
FC
-
S
ME
S
h
as
b
ee
n
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
i
n
[
6
]
;
h
o
w
e
v
er
th
e
f
o
c
u
s
is
o
n
p
o
w
er
f
lo
w
co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
lo
ad
f
lo
w
s
tu
d
ie
s
.
P
o
w
er
S
w
i
n
g
s
Da
m
p
i
n
g
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
b
y
C
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
UP
F
C
an
d
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
[
7
]
;
b
u
t
im
p
ac
t
o
f
UP
FC
w
it
h
o
u
t
SME
S
is
n
o
t
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
UP
FC
-
SME
S.
Ma
n
y
o
th
er
s
tu
d
ie
s
h
av
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
UP
FC
-
SME
S
&
F
AC
T
S
-
SME
S
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
b
u
t
m
o
s
tl
y
w
i
th
s
i
n
g
le
m
ac
h
in
e
i
n
f
i
n
ite
b
u
s
s
y
s
te
m
[8
-
1
1
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
a
m
u
lt
i
m
ac
h
in
e
s
y
s
te
m
h
a
s
b
ee
n
m
o
d
eled
in
to
talit
y
a
n
d
i
m
p
ac
t o
f
UP
FC
,
UP
FC
-
SME
S h
as b
ee
n
i
n
v
esti
g
ated
u
n
d
er
s
ev
er
e
f
a
u
lt c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
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IJ
A
P
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Vo
l
.
5
,
No
.
1
,
A
p
r
il
2
0
1
6:
14
–
21
16
2
.
2
.
UP
F
C
-
SM
E
S
s
y
s
t
e
m
T
h
e
s
ch
e
m
atic
o
f
UP
FC
-
SME
S
u
s
ed
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
s
ill
u
s
tr
at
ed
in
f
ig
u
r
e
2
b
elo
w
.
T
h
e
UP
FC
-
SME
S
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
is
p
lace
d
at
b
u
s
B
2
.
I
t
is
w
el
l
estab
lis
h
ed
f
ac
t
t
h
at
th
e
b
es
t
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
s
h
u
n
t
F
A
C
T
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
m
id
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
Sh
u
n
t
p
ar
t
o
f
t
h
e
UP
FC
i.e
.
ST
A
T
C
OM
o
p
er
atio
n
is
ac
h
ie
v
ed
b
y
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
VS
C
1
a
n
d
s
h
u
n
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
1
.
SS
S
C
o
p
er
atio
n
i
s
ac
h
ie
v
ed
b
y
VS
C
2
an
d
s
er
ies
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
T
2
.
A
co
m
m
o
n
D
C
li
n
k
i
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
w
h
ic
h
g
i
v
es r
e
f
er
en
ce
v
o
lt
ag
e
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
llab
le
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
to
b
e
ex
ch
a
n
g
e
d
w
it
h
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
\
s
y
s
te
m
.
W
h
ile
ST
A
T
C
OM
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
e
x
ch
a
n
g
es
B2
T2
V
S
C
1
V
S
C
2
V
i
n
j
C
S
M
E
S
D
C
/
D
C
C
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
T1
V
d
c
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Sch
e
m
atic
o
f
UP
FC
-
SME
S
R
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
at
b
u
s
B
2
,
SS
SC
in
j
ec
ts
v
o
lta
g
e
i
n
s
er
ies
with
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
l
in
e.
I
n
ca
s
e
o
f
UP
FC
t
h
e
s
er
ies
in
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
ca
n
b
e
at
a
n
y
an
g
le
w
i
th
r
esp
ec
t
to
li
n
e
cu
r
r
en
t
b
y
v
ir
tu
e
o
f
r
ea
l
p
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
ST
A
T
C
OM
v
ia
D.
C
.
li
n
k
.
D
C
li
n
k
o
f
t
h
e
UP
FC
is
co
n
n
e
cte
d
to
SME
S
v
ia
a
DC
/
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
.
D
C
/D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
h
elp
s
n
o
t o
n
l
y
in
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
ex
c
h
a
n
g
e
b
u
t a
ls
o
h
elp
s
i
n
o
p
ti
m
iz
in
g
t
h
e
s
ize
o
f
SME
S.
3.
SYST
E
M
M
O
DE
L
I
N
G
I
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
m
o
d
elin
g
an
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
l
in
k
.
A
s
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
is
w
o
r
k
is
e
v
alu
a
tin
g
i
m
p
a
ct
o
f
UP
FC
-
SME
S
o
n
tr
a
n
s
i
en
t
s
tab
ili
t
y
,
it
i
s
n
o
t
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
co
n
s
id
er
f
as
t
o
s
cillatio
n
s
d
u
e
to
in
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
R
L
C
ele
m
e
n
ts
a
n
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
ed
p
ar
am
eter
lin
e
s
.
T
h
is
is
b
es
t
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
y
u
s
in
g
P
h
aso
r
m
o
d
elin
g
m
e
t
h
o
d
.
I
n
t
h
e
p
h
a
s
o
r
m
eth
o
d
,
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
'
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
ial
eq
u
atio
n
s
ar
e
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
a
s
et
o
f
alg
eb
r
aic
eq
u
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
tate
-
s
p
ac
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
s
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
a
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
cti
o
n
ev
al
u
ated
at
th
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
p
h
aso
r
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
m
e
th
o
d
r
ed
u
c
es
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
ti
m
e
d
r
asti
ca
ll
y
.
A
s
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
in
v
o
l
v
es
co
m
p
lete
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
t
w
o
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
,
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
li
n
es,
UP
FC
,
SME
S
an
d
o
t
h
er
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
li
k
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
tab
il
izer
,
lo
ad
s
e
tc.
it
is
p
er
tin
en
t
to
u
s
e
t
h
e
p
h
aso
r
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
r
ap
id
an
d
ac
cu
r
ate
ass
e
s
s
m
e
n
t o
f
s
tab
il
it
y
.
3
.
1
.
UP
F
C
M
o
delin
g
a
nd
co
ntr
o
l sy
s
t
e
m
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l s
y
s
te
m
o
f
Ser
ies p
ar
t o
f
th
e
UP
F
C
.
T
h
e
s
h
u
n
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
is
n
o
t
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ce
d
h
er
e
as
it
is
s
a
m
e
as
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
o
f
ST
A
T
C
OM
.
T
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
at
s
h
u
n
t
co
n
v
er
ter
ter
m
i
n
als
a
n
d
co
m
m
o
n
D
C
l
in
k
v
o
lta
g
e
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
th
is
s
ch
e
m
e.
T
h
e
s
er
ies
p
ar
t
co
n
tr
o
l
is
s
li
g
h
tl
y
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
th
a
n
SS
S
C
.
Her
e
th
e
t
w
o
d
eg
r
ee
s
o
f
f
r
ee
d
o
m
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
tiv
e
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
.
P
Q
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
b
lo
ck
ca
lc
u
late
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
v
al
u
es
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
i
n
t
h
e
lin
e
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
at
t
w
o
en
d
s
o
f
UP
FC
.
UP
FC
co
n
tr
o
ls
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
e
r
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
P
r
ef
an
d
Qr
ef
.
P
r
ef
an
d
Qr
ef
ca
n
b
e
d
er
iv
ed
f
o
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
s
u
c
h
as
p
o
w
e
r
f
lo
w
co
n
tr
o
l,
o
s
cillat
io
n
s
d
a
m
p
in
g
etc
.
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
UP
FC
i
s
b
ei
n
g
u
t
ilized
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
f
lo
w
co
n
tr
o
l
b
u
t
a
ls
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
s
tab
ilit
y
.
P
o
w
er
s
u
p
p
lied
o
r
ab
s
o
r
b
e
d
b
y
SME
S
is
ad
d
ed
to
th
e
p
o
w
er
ca
lc
u
lated
b
y
P
Q
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
b
lo
ck
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
SME
S is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
i
n
n
e
x
t sect
io
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
Tr
a
n
s
ien
t S
ta
b
ilit
y
I
mp
r
o
ve
men
t u
s
in
g
UP
F
C
-
S
MES
in
a
Mu
lti
Ma
ch
in
e
P
o
w
er
S
ystem
(
K
a
n
tila
l J
o
s
h
i
)
17
V
o
lt
a
g
e
M
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
M
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
V
d
V
o
lt
a
g
e
R
e
g
u
la
t
o
r
P
Q
M
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
P
W
M
M
o
d
u
la
t
o
r
V
q
V
o
lt
a
g
e
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
o
r
P
L
L
V2
V1
I
P
P
r
e
f
Q
Qr
e
f
V
d
r
e
f
V
q
r
e
f
θ
V
S
C
P
u
ls
e
s
θ
V
2
d
,
V
2
q
I
d
,
I
q
P
s
m
e
s
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l Sch
e
m
e
o
f
S
er
ies p
ar
t o
f
UP
FC
3
.
2
.
M
o
delin
g
o
f
S
M
E
S
& DC
-
DC
inte
rf
a
ce
Ma
n
y
m
o
d
el
s
o
f
SME
S
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
li
ter
atu
r
e
[
12
-
13
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
SME
S
h
as
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
E
P
R
I
[
14
].
A
SME
S
d
ev
ice
s
to
r
es
en
er
g
y
i
n
th
e
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ield
.
Ma
g
n
e
tic
f
ield
is
cr
ea
ted
b
y
a
d
c
cu
r
r
en
t
f
lo
w
in
g
i
n
s
u
p
er
co
n
d
u
cti
n
g
w
ir
e
i
n
a
lar
g
e
m
a
g
n
et.
E
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
ed
i
n
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
is
r
elate
d
to
cu
r
r
en
t th
r
o
u
g
h
co
i
l
b
y
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
(
1
)
w
h
er
ein
As
th
e
p
h
a
s
o
r
m
o
d
el
o
f
UP
FC
is
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
in
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
,
it
w
a
s
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
cr
ea
te
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
m
o
d
el
o
f
SME
S
w
h
ic
h
co
u
ld
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
SME
S
i
n
an
e
f
f
icien
t
m
a
n
n
er
.
A
ls
o
as
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
.
2
a
DC
-
DC
ch
o
p
p
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
i
s
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
b
etw
ee
n
D
C
lin
k
o
f
UP
F
C
an
d
th
e
SME
S.
B
o
th
th
e
s
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ac
h
ie
v
ed
b
y
cr
ea
ti
n
g
a
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
i
n
g
b
asic
Si
m
u
lin
k
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
eli
n
g
.
Fig
.
4
b
elo
w
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
ch
e
m
atic
o
f
D
C
-
D
C
ch
o
p
p
er
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
latio
n
i
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
V
s
m
e
s
Vdc
L
s
m
e
s
B
y
p
a
s
s
&
O
v
e
r
v
o
lt
a
g
e
P
r
o
t
e
c
t
io
n
C
d
c
S1
D1
S2
D2
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
DC
-
D
C
C
h
o
p
p
er
in
t
er
f
ac
e
w
ith
SME
S
As
p
er
f
i
g
u
r
e
4
SME
S
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
co
il
is
in
ter
f
ac
ed
to
D
C
li
n
k
o
f
UP
FC
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
r
o
tect
io
n
cir
cu
it
a
n
d
D
C
-
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
.
S
w
i
tch
e
s
S1
&
S2
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
a
n
d
o
f
f
i
n
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
to
a
d
u
t
y
c
y
cle
d
w
h
ic
h
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
V
s
m
es
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
SME
S
co
il.
DC
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
V
s
m
es
is
r
elate
d
to
v
o
lta
g
e
V
dc
o
f
UP
FC
d
c
li
n
k
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
y
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
e
x
p
r
es
s
io
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l
.
5
,
No
.
1
,
A
p
r
il
2
0
1
6:
14
–
21
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
d
_
t
h
e
t
a
1
_
2
(
d
e
g
)
V
sm
e
s
=
(
1
-
2
d
)
V
dc
(
2
)
Av
er
ag
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
co
il c
u
r
r
en
t I
s
m
es
is
ex
p
r
es
s
ed
in
ter
m
s
V
sm
e
s
an
d
co
il in
d
u
cta
n
ce
L
s
m
es
as f
o
llo
w
s
(
3
)
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
(
3
)
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
t
h
r
ee
m
o
d
es o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
f
o
r
SME
S
w
h
e
n
d
=0
.
5
th
en
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
n
et
en
er
g
y
tr
an
s
f
er
a
n
d
SM
E
S is
in
s
tan
d
b
y
m
o
d
e.
w
h
e
n
d
>0
.
5
th
en
en
er
g
y
is
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
o
u
t o
f
co
il a
n
d
SME
S is
in
d
i
s
ch
ar
g
e
m
o
d
e
.
w
h
e
n
d
<0
.
5
th
en
en
er
g
y
is
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
in
to
co
il a
n
d
SME
S
is
in
c
h
ar
g
e
m
o
d
e
.
I
n
th
e
UP
FC
p
h
aso
r
m
o
d
el
o
f
MA
T
L
A
B
D.
C
.
li
n
k
v
o
lta
g
e
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
av
ailab
le.
Utilizi
n
g
t
h
is
s
ig
n
al
an
d
r
ef
er
r
in
g
(
1
)
th
r
o
u
g
h
(
3
)
w
e
ca
n
w
r
ite
∫
(
4
)
A
nd
(
5
)
No
w
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
eq
u
atio
n
s
(
1
)
th
r
o
u
g
h
(
5
)
a
n
d
u
s
in
g
Si
m
u
l
in
k
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
SME
S
i
n
ter
f
ac
ed
w
it
h
D
C
-
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
is
p
r
ep
ar
ed
.
as c
alcu
lated
in
(
5
)
is
f
ed
as a
n
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
i
g
n
al
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
f
ig
.
3
.
Du
t
y
c
y
cle
r
atio
d
o
f
t
h
e
D
C
-
D
C
c
h
o
p
p
er
ca
n
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lle
d
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
to
v
ar
io
u
s
r
e
q
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
t
h
e
m
ai
n
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
i
s
d
a
m
p
in
g
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
s
ci
ll
atio
n
s
.
W
h
ile
d
o
in
g
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
l
atio
n
it
i
s
as
s
u
m
ed
th
at
SME
S
is
i
n
it
iall
y
c
h
ar
g
e
d
w
i
th
s
o
m
e
en
er
g
y
.
A
s
an
d
w
h
e
n
t
h
er
e
is
a
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
e
v
e
n
t
lik
e
a
s
ev
er
e
f
a
u
lt,
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
SME
S
is
eith
er
p
u
m
p
ed
in
to
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
r
ab
s
o
r
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4
.
SYST
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I
n
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th
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y
o
f
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m
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atio
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1
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v
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h
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tab
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Fig
.
6
.
W
ith
ad
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itio
n
o
f
UPFC
alo
n
e,
th
e
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to
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Fig
.
7
.
W
ith
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n
o
f
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th
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o
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s
d
ie
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r
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n
o
f
SME
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w
er
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n
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at
h
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e
p
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s
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m
o
s
cillatio
n
s
.
5
.
CO
NCLUS
I
O
N
UP
FC
i
n
teg
r
ated
w
it
h
SME
S
in
a
m
u
lti
m
ac
h
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e
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y
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m
o
d
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lat
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in
an
tip
ath
y
o
f
p
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w
er
s
y
s
te
m
o
s
cilla
tio
n
s
.
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is
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
t
h
e
UP
FC
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
p
o
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s
y
s
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m
tr
an
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ien
t
p
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f
o
r
m
a
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ce
.
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n
te
g
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n
o
f
SME
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w
it
h
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m
p
r
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th
e
o
s
cillat
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d
a
m
p
in
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,
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ed
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ce
s
f
ir
s
t
p
ea
k
s
i
g
n
i
f
ic
an
tl
y
a
n
d
also
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
t
h
e
cr
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clea
r
i
n
g
ti
m
e
in
ca
s
e
o
f
a
s
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v
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e
f
a
u
lt.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
H
in
g
o
ra
n
i
NG
,
Gy
u
g
y
i
L
.
“
Un
d
e
rsta
n
d
in
g
F
A
CT
S
c
o
n
c
e
p
ts
a
n
d
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
f
le
x
ib
le
A
C
tr
a
n
s
m
issio
n
sy
ste
m
s
”
.
IEE
E
P
re
ss
;
2
0
0
0
.
[2
]
Gy
u
g
y
i
L
,
S
c
h
a
u
d
e
r
CD,
T
o
rg
e
r
so
n
S
L
,
Ed
ris
A
.
“
T
h
e
u
n
if
ied
p
o
w
e
r
f
lo
w
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r:
a
n
e
w
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
to
p
o
w
e
r
tran
sm
issio
n
c
o
n
tro
l”
IE
EE
T
ra
n
s.
Po
we
r De
li
v
e
ry
,
1
9
9
5
;
1
0
(
2
):1
0
8
5
–
9
7
.
[3
]
P
.
F
.
Ri
b
e
iro
e
t
a
l.
,
“
En
e
rg
y
sto
ra
g
e
s
y
ste
m
s
f
o
r
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,”
Pr
o
c
.
IE
EE
,
v
o
l.
8
9
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
2
0
0
1
.
p
p
.
1
7
4
4
–
1
7
5
6
,
[4
]
D.Jo
v
c
ic,
G
.
N.P
il
lai
"
A
n
a
l
y
ti
c
a
l
M
o
d
e
ll
i
n
g
o
f
T
CS
C
D
y
n
a
m
i
c
s
"
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Po
we
r
De
li
v
e
ry
,
v
o
l
2
0
,
Iss
u
e
2
,
2
0
0
5
,
p
p
.
1
0
9
7
-
1
1
0
4
[5
]
S
a
ra
v
a
n
a
n
Ka
n
d
a
sa
m
y
a
n
d
A
n
it
a
Ra
jap
a
lan
,
"
D
y
n
a
m
i
c
c
o
n
tro
l
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
sim
u
latio
n
o
f
a
UP
F
C
–
S
M
ES
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
to
r
in
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
s,"
A
in
S
h
a
m
s E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Jo
u
rn
a
l
,
v
o
l.
6
,
2
0
1
5
.
p
p
.
1
1
7
9
-
1
1
8
6
,
[6
]
Esm
a
i
e
li
e
t
a
l,
“
Un
if
ied
M
o
d
e
l
in
g
o
f
UPFC
-
S
M
ES
in
Po
we
r
S
y
ste
m
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
”
,
3
rd
I
EE
E
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
In
d
u
strial
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
2
0
5
1
–
2
0
5
6
[7
]
Bid
a
d
f
a
r,
A
.
e
t.
a
l,
“
P
o
w
e
r
s
w
in
g
s
d
a
m
p
in
g
im
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
b
y
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
UP
F
C
a
n
d
S
M
ES
b
a
se
d
o
n
d
i
re
c
t
Ly
a
p
u
n
o
v
m
e
th
o
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
”
IE
EE
P
o
w
e
r
a
n
d
E
n
e
rg
y
S
o
c
iet
y
G
e
n
e
ra
l
M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
:
1
–
7
[8
]
A
ih
o
n
g
T
a
n
g
e
t.
a
l,
“
Per
fo
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
UPFC
i
n
teg
ra
ted
wit
h
S
M
ES
f
o
r
p
o
we
r
sy
ste
ms
c
o
n
tro
ll
i
n
g
”
IEE
E
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
t
rica
l
M
a
c
h
in
e
s an
d
S
y
ste
m
s
,
2
0
0
8
.
pp
:
4
2
1
0
–
4
2
1
4
[9
]
A
n
ju
,
M
.
;
Ra
jas
e
k
a
ra
n
,
R
“
Co
-
o
rd
i
n
a
ti
o
n
o
f
S
M
ES
w
it
h
S
TA
T
COM
f
o
r
m
it
ig
a
ti
n
g
S
S
R
a
n
d
d
a
m
p
in
g
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
o
sc
il
latio
n
s
in
a
se
ries
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ted
w
in
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
ste
m
”
.
IEE
E
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
2
0
1
3
,
p
p
:
1
–
6
[1
0
]
Ay
se
n
A
rso
y
e
t
a
l
“
S
i
m
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
Eff
e
c
ts
o
f
S
M
ES
o
n
F
A
CT
S
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
”
,
IEE
E
P
o
w
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
S
o
c
iety
W
in
ter M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
2
0
0
2
.
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
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